CN106367696A - Preparation method for crystal whisker carbon nano tubes coated with aluminum oxide/magnesium matrix composite semi-solid billets - Google Patents
Preparation method for crystal whisker carbon nano tubes coated with aluminum oxide/magnesium matrix composite semi-solid billets Download PDFInfo
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- CN106367696A CN106367696A CN201610812631.2A CN201610812631A CN106367696A CN 106367696 A CN106367696 A CN 106367696A CN 201610812631 A CN201610812631 A CN 201610812631A CN 106367696 A CN106367696 A CN 106367696A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
- C22C49/04—Light metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
- C22C47/04—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by coating, e.g. with a protective or activated covering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/14—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the fibres or filaments
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method for crystal whisker carbon nano tubes coated with aluminum oxide/magnesium matrix composite semi-solid billets. The method includes the steps that the crystal whisker carbon nano tubes coated with magnesium oxide are prepared firstly, magnesium alloy powder and crystal whisker carbon nano tube materials coated with the magnesium oxide are guided into a ball-milling crucible, and ball-milling is carried out on the condition of argon shielding; mixed powder is placed into the crucible and heated to be lower than the solid phase line by 10-20 DEG C through a muffle furnace, and the temperature is preserved for 1-2 hours; then the mixed powder is shifted into an ultrasonic magnetic stirring furnace for being continuously heated, the solid rate of the mixed powder is controlled to be within a certain range, the mixed powder is stirred and dispersed at low speed under the synergistic effect of ultrasound and magnetic equipment, argon gas is guided into the ultrasonic magnetic stirring furnace for shielding, and the stirring time is controlled; and obtained slurry is poured into corresponding dies for being cooled to obtain the semi-solid billets. The method has the advantages of being simple, safe, low in cost, easy to operate and controllable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of material.
Background technology
Using fiber or granule magnesium alloy is carried out with composite strengthening, the magnesium base composite material of preparation is strong due to its high ratio
Degree, the advantages of good electrical and thermal conductivity performance and low thermal coefficient of expansion, attracted very big pay close attention to and be widely used in space flight and aviation,
Automobile making, the field such as electronic machine.So this composite property prepared by two kinds of enhancement methods largely relies on it
Strengthen attribute and its distribution and the wettability with matrix of phase material itself.
CNT is hollow nano structure, the envelope by the tube of graphite hexagonal network curling with uniqueness
The topology configuration closing and helical structure, thus having excellent properties special in a large number, such as high intensity, high resiliency, high-specific surface area,
Heat-resisting, corrosion-resistant, heat conduction and electric conductivity etc., imply CNT has huge application space in materials application research.Carbon
The modulus of nanotube is identical with diamond, and theoretical strength has reached 106MPa, it is 100 times of iron and steel, and density is only iron and steel
1/6, it has both extremely excellent toughness and structural stability again simultaneously, is the ideal chose strengthening phase as composite.Right cnt's
Defect is also apparent.Carbon pipe is due to its stable sp2Structure, shows the wettability of extreme difference simultaneously, CNT is in founding
During easily reunite and wrapping phenomena causes not strong with metallic matrix interfacial bonding property, be unfavorable for the increasing of composite property
By force.Therefore, how to reduce agglomeration in Metal Forming Process for the CNT, and improve it is become with the wettability of matrix
The key of the excellent carbon nano-tube reinforced metal-matrix composite material of processability.
Crystal whisker-shaped carbon nanotube, as a kind of new structure CNT, is compared to original carbon nanotubes and has surface more
Plus smooth, highly polished, diameter change is little and the low feature of curvature, and outside dimension is distributed between 50～200nm, and length is divided
Cloth is between 2～20 μm.Mixed and disorderly degree of aggregation is low, can promote the dispersing technology of CNT to a certain extent, be CNT
Industrialization with providing greatly probability.
CNT improves wettability method at present overlay coating etc., such as chemical nickel plating, and the method mainly will complete base
The CNT changed, through sensitization plays, after activation, puts into plating in chemical plating fluid, and the carrying out with reaction can be in carbon nano tube surface
Obtain continuous, uniform coating, but expensive, and commonly use toxic reagent, not environmentally and production cost is high, be not suitable for advising greatly
Mould produces.Sol method is also popular research coating direction, adds organic compound in the solution and stirs, reaction a period of time,
It is subsequently adding CNT, add acid group metallic compound to be kept stirring for state until generating colloidal sol, this colloid is exposed to sky
Aging in gas, after a few days product grind into powder is dried, in last uniform temperature inert gas flow, heat treatment obtains for a period of time
To nano-complex particle.But the proportioning difficulty of amount is big, and the response time is long.
In publication cn101966449a, entitled: " for a kind of multiwall carbon nanotube-supported titanium dioxide catalyst
Preparation method " in.Solvent thermal and hydro-thermal method are combined, adsorbs colloid in a solvent, be dried in cnt surface, hydro-thermal is divided
Solve its colloid, obtain aoxidizing applicator.So the method step is complicated, and the time is long, and can not coat simple substance in cnt surface, has
There is certain limitation.
On the other hand, the control to CNT dispersibility is generally embodied in metal preparation process.At present, by stirring
It is relatively conventional that casting, in-situ synthesis and powder metallurgic method prepare the strong aluminum matrix composite of CNT.But this several side
The defect of method is also that enhancing distributed mutually is uneven, powder it is clear that cnt reunites seriously with the flowing of melt under casting condition
End is metallurgical to be popular research direction, but interface cohesion and fine and close sex chromosome mosaicism fail to obtain effectively solving.In-situ synthesis exist
Technique is excessively complicated and process is difficult to the short slabs such as control.
In publication number cn103614672a, entitled " preparation method of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material ", adopt
With batch mixing, drying, ball milling, the conventional powder metallurgical method such as colding pressing, sinter and extrude, to be prepared for carbon nano tube enhanced aluminium base multiple
Condensation material, right interfacial bonding property is poor, more prominent the problems such as the compactness of material itself.
In publication number cn103911566a, a kind of entitled " powder metallurgy of carbon nano tube reinforced aluminum alloy composite material
In preparation method ", more uniform by cnt using powder metallurgy process process flake aluminum, but conventional powder metallurgical method
Defect does not such as melt, and not good etc. defect of compactness does not solve.
In publication number cn101376932, entitled " CNT strengthens magnesium, aluminum matrix composite and preparation method thereof "
In, CNT is prepared using mixing reho-forming method after powder heating and strengthens aluminum, magnesium base composite material.Though densification can be improved
Sex chromosome mosaicism, but under rheological condition, cnt easily reunites, and the performance raising to composite is unfavorable.
Therefore, still lack a kind of cost-effective Carbon Nanotubes/Magnesiuum Matrix Composite technology of preparing at present.
For overcoming traditional carbon nano tube compound material to be prepared into the technological difficulties of shape, the invention is intended to providing a kind of new
Cnt mg-based material semi-solid blank technology of preparing.Semisolid preparation forming technique comes across 20 century 70s, this technique conduct
A kind of efficient, modern metallurgical technology of energy-conservation, achieves over nearly 40 years and develops rapidly, range of application constantly expands.It with respect to
The forming technology such as conventional cast and forging has several obvious advantages: reduces gross segregation and the cavity of finished product, less shaping
Pressure, and relatively low mold temperature etc..Just because of this technology has a series of particular advantages thus extremely catching people's attention, also must
This century the most potential material forming techniques will be become.
Semisolid preparation forming technique includes semi-solid blank preparation, the post bake of blank and 3 passes of thixotropic forming
The preparation of key link, wherein semi-solid blank is core the most.It directly influences subsequent technique and final product quality.
On the other hand, for improving carbon nano tube surface moistening, also there is higher requirement to its coating material.Although aluminium oxide
The stability structure of carbon-free nanoscale pipe, so due to the difference of lattice relation, aluminium oxide need to further improve the moistening of itself and magnesium
Property.Under high temperature, magnesium can consume the alumina particle gas blanket of additional carbon nano tube surface, or directly gives birth to oxidation reactive aluminum
Become to have the spinel structure of good lattice relation with magnesium matrix, the wettability of itself and melt can be substantially improved, or directly
Consume the aluminium oxide on CNT, and benefit materials are adsorbed on the carbon nanotubes, CNT can be improved in slurry
Distribution situation.
This chemical reaction is as follows:
2mg + o2=mgo, (1)
3mg + 4al2o3= 3mgal2o4+ 2al (2).
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of whisker CNT/magnesium-base composite material semi-solid state blank of coating alumina
Preparation method.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
A kind of preparation of the whisker CNT/magnesium-base composite material semi-solid state blank of coating alumina of the present invention
Method, comprises the following steps.
(1) by whisker CNT in the ultrasonic pre-dispersed 6 ~ 8h of pure salpeter solution, temperature is 60 ~ 80 DEG C, is cooled to room temperature
Afterwards, deionized water cleaning, is centrifuged to neutrality, then dries in vacuum drying oven, standby.
(2) the whisker CNT by aluminum nitrate with through step (1) pretreatment is added in methanol solution, ultrasonic 40～
60min, obtains whisker carbon nanotube suspension, wherein whisker CNT and nitric acid al mole ratio 1:0.4～1:1.
(3) the whisker carbon nanotube suspension through step (2) is imported in hydrothermal reaction kettle, wherein whisker CNT hangs
Turbid liquid amasss and accounts for reactor molten long-pending 25%～40%.Place into heating in reacting furnace, be warming up to 100～120 DEG C with 1～5 DEG C/min,
Insulation 1～2h, then be warming up to after 150 DEG C with 1～3 DEG C/min, it is incubated 8～12h；It is cooled to after room temperature with 5 ~ 10 DEG C/min and filter
Oven drying at low temperature.
(4) putting in corundum crucible through step (3) gained mixing material, 480 DEG C ~ 700 DEG C high-temperature roastings 3 hours, entirely
Journey imports argon protection, obtains the whisker carbon nano-tube material of coating alumina.
(5) the whisker carbon nano-tube material of the coating alumina that step (4) is obtained is mixed with magnesium alloy powder, puts into ball milling
Crucible carries out ball milling, and in 30 ~ 60min, this process is passed through argon and is protected time control, alumina-coated whisker CNT
The mass percent that material accounts for magnesium alloy powder is 2% ~ 8%.
(6) step (5) gained mixed-powder is put in crucible, with muffle furnace with 5 ~ 10 DEG C/min heating rate extremely
After 10 ~ 20 DEG C of subsolidus, it is incubated 1 ~ 2h, this process is passed through argon protection.
(7) batch mixing obtaining step (5) is put in ultrasonic magnetic agitation stove, continues heating with 1 ~ 3 DEG C/min, controls it
Solid rate in 30 ~ 50% scopes, ultrasonic should be indirectly ultrasonic, power pass through crucible bottom incoming.And Power Control in 1.5 ~
2.5kw, frequency 20khz, stirring at low speed is simultaneously passed through argon protection, and ultrasonic magnetic agitation time control is in 60s ~ 300s.
(8) step (7) gained semi solid slurry is poured into mould cooling, obtain the whisker CNT of coating alumina/
Magnesium-base composite material semi-solid state blank.
In the present invention, work in coordination with the mixed-powder under concussion stirring semi-molten state using ultrasonic and magnetic stirring equipment,
The reunion of cnt, agglomerating and rising phenomenon can be reduced.Compared with traditional material technology of preparing, this low solid rate semi-solid blank
Prepare this technology of preparing and have a characteristic that (1) semi-solid-state shaping belongs to near-net forming, easily reach configuration design requirement.(2)
At low shear rates, slurry behaves like solidliquid mixture, only slight flow to semi solid slurry blank, and viscosity is relatively
Height, strengthens and is mutually difficult to reunite.(3) it is deposited directly to crystalline substance using the oxide that nitric acid metal carbonyl compound decomposes in a heated condition
On palpus, in remaining steps, oxide and magnesium react further, obtain the spinel structure having more preferable wettability with magnesium.(4)
CNT is combined with matrix under the conditions of aluminium alloy semi-solid, and interface is improved simultaneously, reduces carbon under the conditions of founding
The agglomeration of nanotube.(5) it is prepared using more straight and short carbon nano-tube material, reduce CNT group further
Poly- probability.
Brief description
Accompanying drawing 1 is the semi-solid blank microscopic structure prepared by embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described further by following examples.
Embodiment 1.
By whisker CNT in the ultrasonic pre-dispersed 8h of pure salpeter solution, temperature is 60 DEG C, after being cooled to room temperature, spend from
Sub- water cleans, is centrifuged to neutrality, then in vacuum drying oven dry for standby.Whisker CNT with aluminum nitrate and above-mentioned drying
As raw material, add ultrasonic 40min in methanol solution；Wherein CNT, aluminum nitrate and methanol molar ratio are 1:0.4:182,
Obtain whisker carbon nanotube suspension；This suspension is imported in hydrothermal reaction kettle, wherein to account for reactor molten long-pending for suspension volume
25%.Place into heating in reacting furnace, be warming up to 100 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min, be incubated 1h, then be warming up to after 150 DEG C with 3 DEG C/min,
Insulation 8h；Being cooled to filter after room temperature with 5 DEG C/min puts into 500 DEG C of high-temperature roastings 3 hours in corundum crucible after oven drying at low temperature,
Obtain the whisker carbon nano-tube material of coating alumina, this process is whole to import argon protection.
By mass fraction for magnesium alloy powder 2% the whisker carbon nano-tube material of coating alumina and corresponding mass
Az61 magnesium alloy powder is put into ball milling crucible and is carried out ball milling, whole argon protection, time control in 30min, after by mixed-powder
Pour crucible into, to 490 DEG C and be incubated one hour with 10 DEG C/min heating rate.Afterwards crucible is moved in magnetic agitation stove
Continue to heat and control its solid rate in 20% scope with 1 DEG C/min.Ultrasonic power is controlled in 1.5kw, under magnetic force devices are worked in coordination with
Stirring at low speed is simultaneously passed through argon protection, ultrasonic magnetic agitation time control in 3min, after pour corresponding mould into and be cooled to room temperature, obtain
Whisker CNT/az61 magnesio semi-solid blank to coating alumina.
Embodiment 2.
By whisker CNT in the ultrasonic pre-dispersed 8h of pure salpeter solution, temperature is 60 DEG C, after being cooled to room temperature, spend from
Sub- water cleans, is centrifuged to neutrality, then in vacuum drying oven dry for standby.Whisker CNT with aluminum nitrate and above-mentioned drying
As raw material, add ultrasonic 40min in methanol solution；Wherein whisker CNT, aluminum nitrate and methanol molar ratio are 1:0.7:
182, obtain whisker carbon nanotube suspension；This suspension is imported in hydrothermal reaction kettle, wherein suspension volume accounts for reactor
Molten long-pending 30%.Place into heating in reacting furnace, be warming up to 120 DEG C with 3 DEG C/min, be incubated 1h, then be warming up to 150 DEG C with 1 DEG C/min
Afterwards, it is incubated 10h；It is cooled to after room temperature to filter with 7 DEG C/min and put in corundum crucible with 600 DEG C of high-temperature roastings 3 after oven drying at low temperature
Hour, obtain the whisker carbon nano-tube material of coating alumina, this process is whole to import argon protection.
By mass fraction for magnesium alloy powder 4% the whisker carbon nano-tube material of coating alumina and az91d magnesium close
Bronze end is put into ball milling crucible and is carried out ball milling, whole argon protection, and time control is in 30min.Afterwards mixed-powder is poured into crucible
And 90min to 440 DEG C and is incubated with 10 DEG C/min heating rate.After proceed in magnetic agitation stove with 3 DEG C/min continue plus
Heat simultaneously controls its solid rate in 30% about, and ultrasonic power is controlled in 2.0kw, works in coordination with lower stirring at low speed in magnetic force devices and is passed through
Argon is protected, ultrasonic magnetic agitation time control in 2min, after pour corresponding mould into and be cooled to room temperature, obtain coating alumina
Whisker CNT/az91d magnesio semi-solid blank.
Embodiment 3.
By whisker CNT in the ultrasonic pre-dispersed 8h of pure salpeter solution, temperature is 60 DEG C, after being cooled to room temperature, spend from
Sub- water cleans, is centrifuged to neutrality, then in vacuum drying oven dry for standby.Whisker CNT with aluminum nitrate and above-mentioned drying
As raw material, add ultrasonic 60min in methanol solution；Wherein whisker CNT, aluminum nitrate and methanol molar ratio are 1:1:
182, obtain whisker carbon nanotube suspension；This suspension is imported in hydrothermal reaction kettle, wherein suspension volume accounts for reactor
Molten long-pending 40%.Place into heating in reacting furnace, be warming up to 120 DEG C with 3 DEG C/min, be incubated 1h, then be warming up to 150 DEG C with 1 DEG C/min
Afterwards, it is incubated 12h；It is cooled to after room temperature to filter with 10 DEG C/min and put in corundum crucible with 700 DEG C of high-temperature roastings 3 after oven drying at low temperature
Hour, obtain the whisker carbon nano-tube material of coating alumina, this process is whole to import argon protection.
By mass fraction for magnesium alloy powder 6% the whisker carbon nano-tube material of coating alumina and az31 magnesium alloy
Powder imports ball milling crucible and carries out ball milling, whole argon protection, and time control is in 30min.Gained mixed-powder imports corresponding earthenware
Crucible is with 5 DEG C/min heating rate to 530 DEG C.After proceed in magnetic agitation stove and continue to heat and control it solid with 5 DEG C/min
In 40% about, ultrasonic power is controlled in 2.5kw to one after another, works in coordination with lower stirring at low speed in magnetic force devices and is passed through argon protection, ultrasonic
Magnetic agitation time control in 1min, after pour corresponding mould into and be cooled to room temperature, obtain the whisker CNT of coating alumina/
Az31 magnesio semi-solid blank.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of the whisker CNT/magnesium-base composite material semi-solid state blank of a kind of coating alumina, in its feature
Comprise the following steps:
(1) by whisker CNT in the ultrasonic pre-dispersed 6 ~ 8h of pure salpeter solution, temperature is 60 ~ 80 DEG C, after being cooled to room temperature, uses
Deionized water cleans, and is centrifuged to neutrality, then dries in vacuum drying oven, standby；
(2) the whisker CNT by aluminum nitrate with through step (1) pretreatment is added in methanol solution, ultrasonic 40～60min,
Obtain whisker carbon nanotube suspension, wherein whisker CNT and nitric acid al mole ratio 1:0.4～1:1；
(3) the whisker carbon nanotube suspension through step (2) is imported in hydrothermal reaction kettle, wherein whisker carbon nanotube suspension
Volume accounts for reactor molten long-pending 25%～40%；Place into heating in reacting furnace, be warming up to 100～120 DEG C with 1～5 DEG C/min, insulation
1～2h, then be warming up to after 150 DEG C with 1～3 DEG C/min, it is incubated 8～12h；Filtration low temperature after room temperature is cooled to 5 ~ 10 DEG C/min
Dry；
(4) putting in corundum crucible through step (3) gained mixing material, 480 DEG C ~ 700 DEG C high-temperature roastings 3 hours, whole process is led
Enter argon protection, obtain the whisker carbon nano-tube material of coating alumina；
(5) the whisker carbon nano-tube material of the coating alumina that step (4) is obtained is mixed with magnesium alloy powder, puts into ball milling crucible
Carry out ball milling, in 30 ~ 60min, this process is passed through argon and is protected time control, alumina-coated whisker carbon nano-tube material
The mass percent accounting for magnesium alloy powder is 2% ~ 8%；
(6) step (5) gained mixed-powder is put in crucible, with muffle furnace with 5 ~ 10 DEG C/min heating rate to solid phase
After 10 ~ 20 DEG C below line, it is incubated 1 ~ 2h, this process is passed through argon protection；
(7) batch mixing obtaining step (5) is put in ultrasonic magnetic agitation stove, continues heating with 1 ~ 3 DEG C/min, controls its solid phase
Rate is in 30 ~ 50% scopes, indirectly ultrasonic, and in 1.5 ~ 2.5kw, frequency 20khz, stirring at low speed is simultaneously passed through argon protection to Power Control,
Ultrasonic magnetic agitation time control is in 60s ~ 300s；
(8) step (7) gained semi solid slurry is poured into mould cooling, obtain the whisker CNT/magnesio of coating alumina
Composite material semi-solid state blank.
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| CN109183024A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-11 | 南昌大学 | A kind of laser cladding on alumina-coated graphene oxide/mg-based material surface |
| CN111363945A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-07-03 | 南昌航空大学 | Preparation and interface optimization method of modified graphene nanosheet magnesium-aluminum material |
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