CN206422222U - A kind of high-gain broadband element antenna - Google Patents
A kind of high-gain broadband element antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN206422222U CN206422222U CN201621050960.XU CN201621050960U CN206422222U CN 206422222 U CN206422222 U CN 206422222U CN 201621050960 U CN201621050960 U CN 201621050960U CN 206422222 U CN206422222 U CN 206422222U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of high-gain broadband element antenna, including oscillator underarm and oscillator upper arm.Oscillator underarm and the mutual coaxial or conllinear arrangement of oscillator upper arm.The oscillator upper arm includes being cascaded by compound phase inverter between the first conductor segment and some loading conductor segments, adjacent conductor section；The compound phase inverter includes some spirals and bending conductor segment；Some spirals are loaded in bending conductor segment.Antenna of the present utility model realizes omni-directional, high-gain and wide bandwidth, and eliminates the feeding network design of complexity, reduces loss, improves efficiency (>=88%).Moreover, the design size is short and small, structural strength is high, economy and durability, it is the preferable base station/terminal class antenna for being adapted to wireless private network.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of mobile communication base station/terminal antenna equipment and technology, more particularly to a kind of high increasing
Beneficial broadband element antenna.
Background technology
At present, the mankind come into the information age, obtain information as composition portion indispensable in people's daily life
Point, the mode of production and life of the mankind is profoundly changed using internet and radio communication as the information technology of core.Mobile communication
With its distinctive convenience and flexibility, it has also become people obtain information and the Main Means got in touch with each other whenever and wherever possible.Utilize
Spread all over cellular basestation everywhere, 2G/3G/4G mobile communications networks realize signal wide area and continuously covered so that people are " when any
Between, anywhere, communicated in any way with anyone " dream become reality substantially.Realize between men
Freely link up, and complete UNICOM is not yet realized between thing and thing, between people and thing.Information follow one's inclinations interconnect to, all things on earth,
It is the ultimate aim of the mankind.The Internet of Things IoT (Internet of Thing) set up on the basis of Information Network is movement of future generation
Communication technology 5G key technology and application.However, Internet of Things can not share existing cellular mobile communication networks, and need to build
If Private Mobile Communication Network network could meet the special requirement of itself.For example, using traffic special mobile network, traffic control department can
To be monitored in real time to condition of road surface, guide the wagon flow of whole road network balanced, so as to reduce traffic congestion and obstruction.Again
Such as, using police service Private Mobile Communication Network network, public security department can carry out the uninterrupted HD video of whole day to security key area
Monitoring, and realize video cluster calling and the real-time, reliable data transmission of magnanimity node etc..
The special Internet of Things such as traffic, police service and government affairs, with cellular mobile communication, it is necessary to a large amount of in broad regions deployment
Website could realize that wide area is covered.In view of propagation characteristic, coverage, power system capacity, the siting of station, construction cost etc. because
Element, the frequency range that these wireless private networks are planned often pays the utmost attention to UHF (Ultra-high Frequency) frequency range, such as
300MHz-600MHz.However, because uhf band electric wave wavelength is longer (0.5m-1.0m), according to analogous with operation wavelength
Characteristic, the size of half-wave radiation unit will be in 0.25m-0.5m magnitudes.In this case, if by the unit according to normal base station day
Coaxial or coplanar group of line mode battle array and rearmounted reflecting plate and then round battle array is lined up to realize the covering of high-gain omnidirectional, antenna is total
Height and diameter are up to several meters of magnitudes so that antenna for base station addressing is extremely difficult, installation is inconvenient, and wind load is larger,
Need to design firm mounting assembly.In addition, the array antenna design of many sector configurations is complicated, cost is higher.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is：A kind of high-gain broadband element antenna is provided, solved existing
Antenna for base station is unsuitable for wireless ad hoc network, the defect such as gain is low, complicated, size is big, cost is high, addressing is difficult.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model is adopted the following technical scheme that：A kind of high-gain broadband oscillator day
Line, including oscillator underarm and oscillator upper arm；The mutual coaxial or conllinear arrangement of the upper and lower arm of oscillator；The oscillator upper arm bag
Include the first conductor segment and some loading conductor segments, the first conductor segment and some loading conductor segments are coaxial or conllinear cascade, its
In cascaded two-by-two by compound phase inverter between adjacent conductor section；The compound phase inverter includes some spirals and bending conductor
Section；Some spirals are loaded in bending conductor segment.
It is preferred that the first conductor segment top and the bottom and/or top of loading conductor segment cut out and are inwards recessed
Narrow slot.
It is preferred that the narrow slot has positioned at the top of first conductor segment or loaded the bottom and/or top of conductor segment
The otch at end, and extend inwardly to form the bottom land of depression along the length direction of conductor segment where it；The narrow slot is L-type or inverted L
Type groove.
It is preferred that the bending conductor segment is repeated to be bent to form planar sheet knot along its length by a strip conductor
Structure, it includes some conductor segments for saving bending and up and down two free ends；Two free ends up and down extend up or down, and
The narrow slot shape and size cut out with adjacent conductor section bottom and top is adapted；The conductor segment top end face of the bending and
Bottom face with the top end face of first conductor segment or loads bottom face and/or the top end face parallel docking of conductor segment respectively；Institute
There is an interval between the conductor segment for stating every two adjacent sections bending；Some spirals are the left-handed or dextrorotation of plain conductor construction.
It is preferred that two free ends of the bending conductor segment are held in the narrow slot respectively, and supported with the bottom land of narrow slot
Connect；Two free ends of bending conductor segment are connected with the left shoulder or right shoulder of the narrow slot respectively；The thickness of the bending conductor segment
It is corresponding with the first conductor segment and the thickness for loading conductor segment；The width of the bending conductor segment and the first conductor segment and loading
The width correspondence of conductor segment；Two free ends of the narrow slot and the bending conductor segment cooperate, and are L-type or inverted L shape；Institute
Two free ends for stating bending conductor segment cover the cut ends of the narrow slot respectively.
It is preferred that the bending conductor segment is rectangle；The joint number of the bending conductor segment is 6.5 sections；Each section bending
Horizontal width and the first conductor segment and loading conductor segment are wide；The line width and the first conductor segment and loading for bending conductor segment are led
The thickness correspondence of body section；Bend half of the line width of conductor segment for bending conductor segment pitch.
It is preferred that several described spirals axially circumferentially load on the bending conductor segment periphery, spiral correspondence is often saved
The gap for being surrounded on every section bending conductor segment and being fastened between two sections bending conductor segment；The upper and lower ends of the spiral respectively with
The left and right edges for bending conductor segment both ends are connected.
It is preferred that some spirals are two left-handed or dextrorotation, diameter Dh=0.95Dr of plain conductor construction
Cylindrical screw, two spirals differ 180 °, and the number of turns is respectively 6 and 6.5, wherein DrIt is the width of the first conductor segment.
It is preferred that the loading conductor segment and the first conductor segment are straight conductor section；The oscillator underarm is vertical metallic sheath
Cylinder；First conductor segment and loading conductor segment are sheet-like plane structure；The first conductor segment width and the sleeve diameter
Quite, thickness is much smaller than center of antenna wavelength Xc；The loading conductor segment and the wide uniform thickness of the first conductor segment；The bending
Conductor segment and the loading conductor segment and the wide uniform thickness of the first conductor segment.
It is preferred that the sleeve maximum dimension DsWith outer wall total length LsRespectively：Ds=0.045 λc、Ls≈0.25·
λc, wall thickness is more than 0 less than its radius；The outward flange total length L of first conductor segmentr, width DrAnd thickness TrRespectively：Lr
≈Ls=0.25 λc、Dr≈Ds=0.045 λcAnd Tr<<0.1·λc；The length of the loading conductor segment is 0.5 λc。
It is preferred that on the central axis of the oscillator underarm, from bottom to top through an antenna coaxial feeder cables；It is described
The outer conductor of coaxial feeder cables disconnects on the top of oscillator underarm and is welded as a whole therewith, and inner wire then extends to the upward
Simultaneously weld therewith the bottom of one conductor segment.
It is preferred that the antenna is in 345MHz-395MHz frequency ranges, it is good to realize 50 Ω in nearly 8.48 λ c electrical length
Good matching, | S11 |≤- 10dB bandwidth is up to 6.1%；The efficiency of antenna is more than 88% and reaches as high as 96%；Low-frequency gain reaches
10.5dBi, high-frequency gain is more than 6.2dBi, is less than 0.25dB with interior H faces out-of-roundness.
It is preferred that the oscillator underarm increases successively for the diameter that top, middle part and bottom are respectively cylinder, circular cone and cylinder
Big sleeve.
It is preferred that the main body of first conductor segment is rectangular, its bottom with the oscillator underarm to being equipped with small rectangle,
It is trapezoidal by the interlude of the small rectangular transition to main body rectangle；First conductor segment for rectangle, interlude from childhood it is trapezoidal and
The planar structure that the width of main body rectangle increases successively；The main body rectangle width of the loading conductor segment and first conductor segment
And thickness correspondence；The main body rectangle width of first conductor segment is corresponding with the bottom body diameter of the oscillator underarm；The oscillator
Body diameter at the top of underarm is corresponding with the small rectangle width of the first conductor segment；The cone diameter of the oscillator underarm is led with first
Body section interlude trapezoidal width correspondence.
It is preferred that the oscillator underarm, the first conductor segment and some loading conductors and compound phase inverter section are vertical common
Axle or conllinear arrangement；The oscillator underarm, the first conductor segment and some loading conductor segments and compound phase inverter are using pure
Copper, copper alloy or aluminum or aluminum alloy material make.
It is preferred that the antenna coaxial feeder cables use 50 Ω coaxial cable feeds, connect selected from SMA, BNC, TNC, N-type
It is any in joint.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are：Due to adding the compound phase inverter of bending by element antenna using several spirals
Some loaded segments are cascaded, high-gain broadband element antenna size of the present utility model is short and small, structural strength is high, economy and durability,
It is the preferable base station/terminal class antenna for being adapted to wireless private network.Antenna of the present utility model can be in wireless private network such as uhf band
(345MHz-395MHz), nearly 8.48 λcRealized in electrical length 50 Ω matched wells (| S11 |<- 10dB, 360-383MHz,
23MHz), gain reaches 10dBi, with a width of 6.1% (| S11 |<- 8dB, 346-387MHz, 41MHz, 11.2%), bandwidth is compared with spiral shell
Revolve loading scheme wide by about 50%, directional diagram secondary lobe is than the bending low about 10dB of loading scheme；The feeding network design of complexity is eliminated,
Loss is reduced, efficiency (>=88%) is improved.
Further, the thicker vertical sleeve of the diameter that straight floor is become into the λ c of length about 0.25, as under oscillator
Arm, realizes large bandwidth.
Oscillator upper arm selects wider conductor piece, to increase bandwidth.
Further, the Combined Loading section two ends on conductor piece cut out the narrow slot being inwards recessed, and make antenna wireless special
Net obtains matched well.
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the high-gain omnidirectional wide band oscillator array antenna of the utility model embodiment models used right angle seat
The schematic diagram of mark system definition.
Fig. 2 is that the section of the half-wave dipole of the high-gain omnidirectional wide band oscillator array antenna of the utility model embodiment shows
It is intended to.
Fig. 3 is that the oscillator of the high-gain omnidirectional wide band element antenna of the utility model embodiment loads a conductor bending
The diagrammatic cross-section of phase inverter.
Fig. 4 is the solid of the spiral phase inverter of the high-gain omnidirectional wide band oscillator array antenna of the utility model embodiment
Figure.
Fig. 5 is that the oscillator loading one of the high-gain omnidirectional wide band oscillator array antenna of the utility model embodiment is combined
Phase inverter and loaded segment plan view, wherein Fig. 5 (a) are that front view, Fig. 5 (b) are that side view, Fig. 5 (c) are top view.
Fig. 6 is that the oscillator loading two of the high-gain omnidirectional wide band oscillator array antenna of the utility model embodiment is combined
The plan view of phase inverter and loaded segment.
Fig. 7 is that the high-gain omnidirectional wide band oscillator array antenna of the utility model embodiment has some compound phase inverters
And the plan view of loaded segment.
Fig. 8 is the input impedance Z of the high-gain omnidirectional wide band oscillator array antenna of the utility model embodimentinFrequency is special
Linearity curve.
Fig. 9 is the reflectance factor of the high-gain omnidirectional wide band oscillator array antenna of the utility model embodiment | S11| it is bent
Line.
Figure 10 is the high-gain omnidirectional wide band oscillator array antenna of the utility model embodiment in fL=345MHz reality
Gain 2D directional diagrams.
Figure 11 is the high-gain omnidirectional wide band oscillator array antenna of the utility model embodiment in fC=365MHz reality
Gain 2D directional diagrams.
Figure 12 is the high-gain omnidirectional wide band oscillator array antenna of the utility model embodiment in fH=387.5MHz's
Real gain 2D directional diagrams.
Figure 13 is the high-gain omnidirectional wide band oscillator array antenna of the utility model embodiment in the non-round of H faces directional diagram
Degree.
Figure 14 is the real gain G of the high-gain omnidirectional wide band oscillator array antenna of the utility model embodiment with frequency f
Change curve.
Figure 15 is the E faces (vertical plane) half of the high-gain omnidirectional wide band oscillator array antenna of the utility model embodiment
Powerbeam width HPBW is with frequency f change curves.
Figure 16 is the efficiency eta of the high-gain omnidirectional wide band oscillator array antenna of the utility model embodimentABecome with frequency f
Change curve.
Embodiment
It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting, the feature in each embodiment and embodiment in the application can be with
It is combined with each other, the utility model is described in further detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Antenna of the present utility model is particularly suitable for use in the wireless private network of communication field, and it is omni-directional, high-gain, broadband
Width, high efficiency, small size, firm in structure, economy and durability base station/terminal antenna, are also suitable for omnidirectional's doublet unit array
Antenna.Shown in reference picture 1-7, following examples are had by taking a kind of high-gain omnidirectional wide band oscillator array antenna 100 as an example
Body explanation.
The antenna 100 of the present embodiment is element antenna, including oscillator underarm 1 and oscillator upper arm 10, and underarm is mutual on oscillator
Coaxial or conllinear arrangement.Oscillator upper arm 10 includes some loading conductor segments 8 of the first conductor segment 2 and cascade, and adjacent load is led
(shown in Fig. 7) is connected between body section 8 and between the first conductor segment of oscillator upper arm 2 by inverter module 47, so as to realize
The sense of current is consistent.Fed between oscillator underarm 1 and the first conductor segment of oscillator upper arm 2 with coaxial cable 6.
As a kind of embodiment, oscillator underarm 1 is vertical sleeve, length LsAbout 0.25 λc, the thicker vertical set of diameter
Cylinder, wherein λcFor the centre wavelength of oscillator, so that large bandwidth can be realized.The vertical tube-in-tube structure of oscillator underarm 1 can be by slide plate
It is made.It is preferred that the top of oscillator underarm 1, middle part and bottom are respectively the face of cylinder, circular conical surface and the face of cylinder, diameter increases successively
Sleeve, sleeve maximum gauge and outer wall total length are respectively：Ds=0.045 λc、Ls≈0.25·λc(λcFor the center of antenna
Wavelength), wall thickness is more than 0 and less than tip radius, sees Fig. 2 part 1.
The first conductor segment of upper arm 2 is located at the top end of sleeve oscillator underarm 1.In the present embodiment, the first conductor segment 2 is flat
Face laminated structure, greatly to being rectangle.As preferred embodiment, the first conductor segment 2 is that bottom, middle part and top are respectively square
The conductor piece that shape, trapezoidal and rectangle, width increase successively, outward flange total length, width and thickness are respectively：Lr ≈ Ls=
0.25 λ c, Dr ≈ Ds=0.045 λ c and Tr<<0.1 λ c, are shown in Fig. 2 part 2.The first conductor segment of upper arm 2 and underarm set
Cylinder 1 constitutes a half-wave dipole, and bottom coaxial cable 6 is fed, and gain G is about 2.15dBi, can be shaken by constructing more half-waves
Son improves gain.
The narrow slot 3 being inwards recessed is cut out on the top of the first conductor segment 2.It is preferred that on the top of the first conductor segment 2 from upper
To it is lower, cut out the groove 3 of an inverted L shape.The horizontal direction cell body section 31 and the upper horizontal of the first conductor segment 2 of inverted L shape groove 3
Flush and the i.e. right side edge insertion in side of the first conductor segment 2 is flushed, 32 vertical directions of vertical cell body section axially prolong from top to bottom
Stretch certain depth.
The narrow slot 3 being inwards recessed is cut out on the top of the first conductor segment 2 can be used for loading phase inverter and cascade loading to shake
Son, can more be effectively increased the bandwidth of antenna 100, can also be effectively improved impedance matching；Especially, antenna 100 is made in wireless private network
Such as uhf band (345MHz-395MHz), nearly 8.48 λcRealized in electrical length 50 Ω matched wells (| S11|<- 10dB,
360-383MHz, 23MHz).
In order to realize more high-gain, more conductor segments are loaded in antenna 100, i.e. the top of the first conductor segment 2 loading is more added
Carry conductor segment 8.Pass through phase inverter realization electricity between the adjacent load section 8 of cascade, and between the conductor segment 2 of loaded segment 8 and first
Performance is consistent.As a better embodiment, the loaded segment 8 loaded on the top of the first conductor segment 2 is also plane platelet structures
Conductor piece, the section at the top of 8 and first conductor segment of conductor piece 2 is wide, uniform thickness, the λ of its length about 0.5c, therefore, first leads
Body section 2 and the oscillator conductor piece 8 of loading form straight conductor section, and the electrical length of total straight conductor section is：(0.25+0.50)=0.75
λc.So as to realize by inverter module cascade half-wave dipole 8 in the first conductor segment 2 of the upper arm 10 of antenna 100, and according to
Need to increase the gain of antenna 100.
As a kind of example, the oscillator conductor piece 8 of loading is rectangular sheet structure, its width D r ≈ Ds=0.045 λ c,
Length Lr=0.5 λ c, thickness Tr<<0.1·λc.
The bottom and/or top of loaded segment conductor piece 8 cut out the narrow slot being inwards recessed, what the end of conductor piece 8 was cut into
Narrow slot is corresponding with the narrow slot 3 that the top of the first conductor segment 2 is cut out, and acts on identical.In the present embodiment, the narrow slot of the bottom of conductor piece 8 is L
Type or inverted L shape groove, and narrow slot horizontal segment flushes with the right side edge insertion of conductor piece 8, with formed in the first conductor segment 2 it is recessed
Groove 3 is corresponding, and the narrow slot that the top of conductor piece 8 is formed is inverted L shape groove, identical with the groove 3 formed in the first conductor segment 2, is
It is easy to correspondence, the narrow slot that the first conductor segment 2 and the upper and lower ends of conductor piece 8 are formed is indicated with label 3.
It is appreciated that the upper and lower ends of loaded segment conductor piece 8 formation groove can also with formed in the first conductor segment 2 it is recessed
Groove is differed, and may be designed in other shapes.Or, without designing the groove, phase inverter 4 is directly welded or by other
The mode of being adapted to will be loaded between oscillator conductor piece 8 and the first conductor segment 2 and connected.
Connected between the conductor segment 2 of loaded segment conductor piece 8 and first by inverter module.As shown in figure 3, inverter module
Including bending conductor segment 4, it is in planar sheet to repeat abreast bending along its length to overlap to form overall by a strip conductor
Structure, the global shape after bending in the present embodiment is rectangle.Bending conductor segment phase inverter 4 includes the conductor of some section bendings
The free end 41,42 of section 40 and upper and lower ends；Two free ends 41,42 up and down extend up or down, and with described the
The shape of narrow slot 3 and size that the top of one conductor segment 2 or the bottom and/or top of loaded segment 8 are cut out are adapted；The bending
The top of conductor segment 40 and bottom both ends of the surface top respectively with first conductor segment 2 or bottom and/or the top end face of loaded segment 8
Parallel docking；There is an interval between the conductor segment bent per two adjacent sections.Freely up and down end 41,42 items along length (or
Axially) direction extended downwardly upwards, and the first conductor segment of oscillator underarm 2 and the formation of the corresponding end of loaded segment 8 are fastened in respectively
In groove 3.Bend the shape and the first conductor segment 2 of two free ends 41,42 of conductor segment 4 and the L-type in loading conductor segment 8 or fall
L-type groove 3 is adapted.Accordingly, upper free end 41 is L-type, extends upwardly to what the bottom of loading oscillator conductor piece 8 was upwardly formed
In L-type groove 3, it is preferred that being connected in the roof of groove 3, and the left shoulder or right shoulder of groove 3 are connected to；Lower free end 42 is
Inverted L shape, is extended downward into the groove 3 of top formation of oscillator underarm 2, it is preferred that the bottom wall for being connected to groove 3 (is not schemed
Mark), and it is connected to the left shoulder or right shoulder of groove 3.
Bend conductor segment 4 upper and lower free end 41,42 width can compared with groove 3 narrow width, therefore can abut except end
Outside, interval can be formed between the remainder and groove 3 of upper and lower free end 41,42.The lower correspondence of free end 41,42 has level
Section, the otch of L-type or inverted L shape groove 3 is covered.
Bend conductor segment 4 L-type free end horizontal segment part just with the first conductor segment 2 and load the side wall of conductor segment 8
Justified margin.Therefore, 40 bottoms of horizontal conductor section of bending conductor segment 4, top both ends of the surface respectively with the top end face of the first conductor segment 2 and
Bottom/top end face of conductor piece 8 aligns to form Integral connection structure.Wherein, horizontal conductor 40 bottom faces of section and top end face, respectively
Contacted in right and left shoulders with the bottom face of top end face/conductor piece 8 of the first conductor segment 2, or respectively in right and left shoulders and two-phase
The contact of the top end face of adjacent conductor piece 8/bottom face, and the end roof or bottom wall respectively with groove 3 of upper and lower free end 41,42
Contact.
As a kind of embodiment, the joint number of bending conductor segment is 6.5 sections, and the horizontal width of each section of bending is led with first
Body section 2 and loading conductor segment 8 are wide, and the line width for bending conductor segment is corresponding with the thickness of the first conductor segment 2 and loading conductor segment 8,
And be the half of bending conductor segment pitch, the interval often saved between conductor segment can be equal with the line width of conductor segment.
Further to improve bandwidth, inverter module of the present utility model still further comprises spiral phase inverter 7, loaded on
Compound phase inverter 47 is collectively forming on bending conductor segment phase inverter 4.Spiral phase inverter 7 is made up of several spirals.The present embodiment
In, the plain conductor for being Dw with line footpath constructs two left-handed or dextrorotation, diameter Dh=0.95DrCylindrical screw, two spiral phases
Poor 180 °, the number of turns is respectively 6 and 6.5.Two cylindrical screws 7 are loaded into above-mentioned bending conductor segment 4, screw-casing is often enclosed and is located at
In the conductor segment of one section bending in corresponding interval, and the left and right of the upper and lower ends of spiral respectively with the bending upper and lower ends of conductor 4
Edge is connected.
As shown in figure 5, cascading loaded segment 8, the present embodiment by compound phase inverter 47 in the first conductor segment 2 of antenna 100
Middle loaded segment 8 is half-wave straight conductor.
By that analogy, it is further improvement gain, bandwidth, phase inverter can be continued through on the oscillator structure shown in Fig. 5
The cascade loading conductor segment 8 of unit 47, equally cuts out the narrow slot that is inwards recessed along its right side edge in the upper and lower ends of conductor piece 8
3, i.e. freely up and down end 41,42 is positioned over the bottom of groove 3 to the initiating terminal of compound phase inverter 47.Specifically, the upper end of conductor piece 8 towards
Inner side cuts out inverted L shape groove 3, and the inward-facing lateral incision in lower end goes out L-type groove 3.Compound phase inverter 47 loads on two adjacent conductor pieces 8
Between, so that direction cascades more straight conductor sections (or half-wave dipole section) 8 axially upward.Fig. 7 is shown according to the method described above
Construction repeats the antenna 100 of loaded segment 8 with 10 (but being not limited to ten), and the λ c of Combined Loading phase inverter 47 and 0.5 are straight
Ten repeat units of conductor segment 8 and the cascaded series of the first conductor segment 2 formation are fit, as the upper arm 10 of antenna 100, with antenna
It is hard that 100 underarm 1 is collectively forming a kind of omni-directional of the present utility model, high-gain, wide bandwidth, high efficiency, small size, structure
Gu, the base station/terminal antenna of economy and durability.
In on the central axis of metal sleeve 1, from bottom to top through a 50 Ω coaxial feeder cables 6, its outer conductor exists
The top of sleeve 1 disconnects and is welded as a whole therewith, and inner wire then extends the bottom of the first conductor segment 2 and welded therewith upward, such as
Fig. 2 and Fig. 6 part 6.
The utility model minor diameter high-gain omni-directional antenna is directly to construct several half-waves on conductor 2 one section longer
The formation more piece of oscillator 8 conductor 10, makes more piece 0.25 λ c (λ c- center of the electric current on whole section of conductor by inverter module 47
Wavelength) or 0.5 λ c straight conductors section 2,8 on keep in the same direction, so as to obtain high-gain.
Inverter design is to realize the key of high-gain list/doublet unit array, and way of realization has lump loading, wire
Bending, the loading of narrow ring and spiral loading etc..Wire bending be lost smaller, radiation interference compared with strong, larger size, broader bandwidth, compared with
Easily matching；Spiral loading be lost low, radiation interference it is weak, size is small, narrow bandwidth, more difficult matching, but can by solid conductor coiling, knot
Structure intensity is high, durable in use.The Combined Loading that phase inverter is bent using spiral and conductor is a kind of comparatively ideal scheme.This scheme
Its narrow bandwidth, the shortcoming of matching difference can be overcome while spiral phase inverter advantage is retained.Antenna of the present utility model is applicable
It is a kind of omni-directional, high-gain, wide bandwidth, minor diameter, the antenna for base station of low cost in wireless private network.
It is following to enter one by taking a kind of high-gain broadband omni-directional array antenna 100 with 10 repetition loading conductor segments 8 as an example
Step explanation the utility model antenna structure and characteristic, its design method comprise the following steps：
Step one, rectangular coordinate system in space is set up, Fig. 1 is seen；
Step 2, under the coordinate system of step one, one top of construction, middle part and bottom are respectively the face of cylinder, circular conical surface
The sleeve increased successively with the face of cylinder, diameter, sleeve maximum gauge and outer wall total length are respectively：Ds=0.045 λ c, Ls ≈
0.25 λ c (wavelength centered on λ c), wall thickness is more than 0 and less than tip radius, sees Fig. 2 part 1；
Step 3, in the sleeve top end of step 2, one bottom of construction, middle part and top be respectively rectangle, trapezoidal
The conductor piece increased successively with rectangle, width, outward flange total length, width and the thickness of conductor piece are respectively：Lr ≈ Ls=
0.25 λ c, Dr ≈ Ds=0.045 λ c and Tr<<0.1 λ c, are shown in the sleeve composition of Fig. 2 part 2, conductor piece and step 2
One half-wave dipole, bottom coaxial cable feed is shown in Fig. 2 part 6, and gain G is 2.15dBi or so, it is necessary to construct more
Half-wave a period of time is to improve gain；In order to improve impedance matching, the groove of an inverted L shape is cut out on the top of conductor piece, sees Fig. 2's
Part 3；
Step 4, in order to realize more high-gain, one section of wide, uniform thickness, length therewith are loaded on the conductor piece top of step 3
About 0.5 λ c conductor piece is spent, both realize connection by bending conductor segment, Fig. 3 part 5 and part 4 are seen, with the structure of sleeve 1
It is into straight conductor section (a first conductor segment 2+ conductor pieces 5) electrical length：The λ c of (0.25+0.50)=0.75 oscillator；Bending
Conductor segment joint number is 6.5 sections, and horizontal width is wide with conductor piece, and line width is the half of pitch；
The plain conductor that step 5 is Dw with line footpath constructs two dextrorotation, diameter Dh=0.95Dr cylindrical screws, two
Spiral differs 180 °, and the number of turns is respectively 6 and 6.5, sees Fig. 4 part 7；
Step 6, two cylindrical screws of step 5 are loaded into the bending conductor segment of step 3, Fig. 5 part 4 is seen
With 7, the left and right edges of the upper and lower ends of spiral respectively with bending conductor two ends are connected；
Step 7, two Combined Loading phase inverters and 0.5 λ c straight conductors section (half-wave a period of time are constructed according to above-mentioned steps
Section), see Fig. 6 part 8；
Step 8, according to the method described above, constructs the Combined Loading phase inverter and half-wave a period of time cascading of Unit 10
Body；Step 9, on the metal sleeve central axis of step 2, from bottom to top through a 50 Ω coaxial feeder cables, outside it
Conductor disconnects on sleeve top and is welded as a whole therewith, and inner wire then extends to the conductor segment bottom of step 3 and therewith upward
Welding, is shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 6 part 6.
It is preferred that the outer wall total length of the bottom metal sleeve 1 of the high-gain broadband omni-directional array antenna 100 is about
0.25 λ c, bottom diameter Ds are more than coaxial feeder cables external diameter and are less than 0.25 λ c.
It is preferred that the wall thickness of the bottom metal sleeve 1 of the high-gain broadband omni-directional array antenna 100 is more than 0 and is less than
Tip radius.
It is preferred that the length of the first conductor segment 2 about Lr ≈ of the lowermost end of high-gain broadband omni-directional array antenna 100
0.25 λ c, width is suitable with sleeve diameter, and thickness is much smaller than wavelength.
It is preferred that trapezoidal sections of the first conductor segment 2 of the lowermost end of high-gain broadband omni-directional array antenna 100 by bottom
Constituted with the rectangular section at top.
It is preferred that quarter-wave first conductor of the high-gain broadband omni-directional array antenna 100 except lowermost end
Outside section 2, also comprising some section half-wavelength conductor pieces 8.
It is preferred that by anti-phase between the adjacent first conductors section 2 or 8 of the high-gain broadband omni-directional array antenna 100
Device is connected.
It is preferred that the high-gain broadband omni-directional array antenna 100 the first conductor segment 2 and loading conductor segment 8 with it is anti-phase
The junction of device 4 is provided with L-type groove 3 (including positive L-type or inverted L shape), end 41, the bottom of 42 connecting groove 3 or the top of phase inverter 4
End.
It is preferred that the high-gain broadband omni-directional array antenna 100 adjacent first conductors section 2 and loading conductor segment 8 it
Between compound phase inverter 47 be made up of bending conductor segment 4 with bicylindrical spiral 7.
It is preferred that the joint number of bending conductor segment 4 of the high-gain broadband omni-directional array antenna 100 is 6.5 sections, horizontal width
Wide with the first conductor segment 2, line width is the half of pitch.
It is preferred that the cylindrical screw 7 of the Combined Loading phase inverter 47 of the high-gain broadband omni-directional array antenna 100 is double
Spiral, two spirals differ 180 °, and the number of turns is respectively 6 and 6.5.
It is preferred that the bicylindrical spiral 7 of the Combined Loading phase inverter 47 of the high-gain broadband omni-directional array antenna 100
Left and right edges of the upper and lower ends respectively with bending conductor segment 4 two ends are connected.
It is preferred that the high-gain broadband omni-directional array antenna 100 is fed using 50 Ω coaxial cables 6, it is from bottom to top
Through the center of lower sleeve 1, internal and external conductor is welded with lower first conductor segment 2 and sleeve 1 respectively on sleeve top.
It is preferred that the vertical co-axial alignment of all parts 1,2,47,8 of the high-gain broadband omni-directional array antenna 100.
It is preferred that all parts of the high-gain broadband omni-directional array antenna 100 use fine copper, copper alloy or aluminum
Make.
It is preferred that the coaxial feeder cables 6 of the high-gain broadband omni-directional array antenna 100 can be SMA, BNC, TNC,
The common connector such as N-type.
With further reference to Fig. 8-16, there is provided the electrical of the high-gain omnidirectional of the present embodiment loading conductor segment array antenna 100
Can testing result.
Wherein, Fig. 8 is ten compound phase inverters 47 of spiral bending of the loading of high-gain broadband omni-directional array antenna 100 people and added
Carry input impedance Zin frequency characteristics during section 8.Wherein, transverse axis (X-axis) is frequency f, and unit is MHz；The longitudinal axis (Y-axis) is
Input impedance Zin, unit is Ω；Solid line represents real part Rin, and dotted line represents imaginary part Xin.
Fig. 9 is that high-gain broadband omni-directional array antenna 100 is loaded with ten compound phase inverters 47 of spiral bending and loaded segment 8
When reflectance factor | S11 | curve.Wherein, transverse axis (X-axis) is frequency f, and unit is MHz；The longitudinal axis (Y-axis) is S11 amplitude |
S11 |, unit is dB.Known by figure, antenna uhf band (360-383MHz) realize good impedance matching (| S11 |≤-
10dB, BW=6.1%；Best match | S11 |=- 14.5dB@373MHz；|S11|<- 8dB, 346-387MHz, 41MHz,
11.2%), the more single spiral loading scheme of bandwidth is wide by about 50%, and the bandwidth and matching improvement of Combined Loading are notable.
Figure 10 is that high-gain broadband omni-directional array antenna 100 is loaded with ten compound phase inverters 47 of spiral bending and loaded segment
In f when 8L=345MHz real gain 2D directional diagrams.Wherein, solid line represents H- faces (Theta=90 °, XOY plane) in figure, empty
Line represents E- faces (Phi=0 °, XOZ planes)；Gain G=10.12dBi, E faces half-power beam width HPBW=6.39o, first
Secondary lobe SLL is less than main lobe level 12.7dB.
Figure 11 is that high-gain broadband omni-directional array antenna 100 is loaded with ten compound phase inverters 47 of spiral bending and loaded segment
In f when 8C=365MHz real gain 2D directional diagrams.Wherein, solid line represents H- faces (Theta=90 °, XOY plane) in figure, empty
Line represents E- faces (Phi=0 °, XOZ planes)；Gain G=10.12dBi, HPBW=6.67 ° of E faces half-power beam width, first
Secondary lobe SLL is less than main lobe level 12.0dB.
Figure 12 is ten compound phase inverters 47 of spiral bending of the loading of high-gain broadband omni-directional array antenna 100 hair and loaded segment
In f when 8H=387.5MHz real gain 2D directional diagrams.Wherein, solid line represents H- faces (Theta=90 °, XOY plane) in figure,
Dotted line represents E- faces (Phi=0 °, XOZ planes)；Gain G=10.12dBi, HPBW=8.78 ° of E faces half-power beam width, does not have
There is obvious secondary lobe.
Figure 13 is that high-gain broadband omni-directional array antenna 100 is loaded with ten compound phase inverters 47 of spiral bending and loaded segment
In the out-of-roundness of H faces directional diagram when 8.Wherein, solid line-f1=347.5MHz, dotted line-f2=367.5MHz, dotted line-f3=
0.380MHz, chain-dotted line-f4=395MHz.As seen from the figure, it is less than 0.25dB with interior H faces (horizontal plane) out-of-roundness, it is ideal.
Figure 14 is that high-gain broadband omni-directional array antenna 100 is loaded with ten compound phase inverters 47 of spiral bending and loaded segment
Real gain G when 8 is with frequency f change curves.Wherein, low-frequency gain reaches 10.5dBi, and high-frequency gain is more than 6.2dBi, explanation
Combined Loading phase inverter realizes that the effect of cell array effect is significant.
Figure 15 is that high-gain omni-directional wideband array antenna 100 loads ten compound phase inverters 47 of spiral bending and loaded segment 8
When E faces (vertical plane) half-power beam width HPBW with frequency f change curves.Known by figure, in whole frequency band, E faces HPBW=
6.4°-8.8°。
Figure 16 is that high-gain omni-directional wideband array antenna 100 is loaded with ten compound phase inverters 47 of spiral bending and loaded segment
Efficiency eta when 8AWith frequency f change curves.Known by figure, in whole frequency band (| S11 |≤- 10dB), the efficiency of antenna is more than 88%
(reaching as high as 96%).
Omni-directional, high-gain and the broad bandwidth antenna of the utility model embodiment, are realized by following means：
1st, the thicker vertical sleeve of the diameter that straight floor is become into the λ c of length about 0.25, as oscillator underarm, is realized
Large bandwidth；
2nd, oscillator upper arm selects wider conductor piece, to increase bandwidth；
3rd, the compound phase inverter that several spirals add bending is loaded in the middle of conductor piece, to realize high-gain；
4th, the Combined Loading section two ends on conductor piece cut out the narrow slot being inwards recessed, and make antenna in uhf band
Realized in (345MHz-395MHz), nearly 8.48 λ c electrical length 50 Ω matched wells (| S11 |<- 10dB, 360-383MHz,
23MHz), gain reaches 10dBi, bandwidth up to 6.1% (| S11 |<- 8dB, 346-387MHz, 41MHz, 11.2%), bandwidth compared with
Spiral loading scheme is wide by about 50%, and directional diagram secondary lobe is than the bending low about 10dB of loading scheme；And eliminate the feeding network of complexity
Design, reduces loss, improves efficiency (>=88%).Moreover, the design size is short and small, structural strength is high, economy and durability, it is
It is adapted to the preferable base station/terminal class antenna of wireless private network.In addition, this method also has thinking novelty, clear principle, method general
Suitable, simple and easy to apply the features such as, design and improvement for list/dipole omnidirectional antenna of more high-gain are also to be applicable and effective
's.
High-gain of the present utility model, omni-directional, small size, low cost antenna 100 are the excellent of wireless private network antenna for base station
Select scheme.
The spiral and bending conductor led in above-described embodiment based on Unit ten are combined phase inverter 47 and loaded segment 8 to discuss this
Utility model, and provide respective drawings the utility model is described in detail.It should be strongly noted that as described herein
It is preferable to carry out example schemes and is merely to illustrate and explains the utility model, is not limited to or limits the utility model.Equally,
More Combined Loading units fall within category of the present utility model, are protected on an equal basis.The utility model is it is intended that wireless private network
A kind of omni-directional, high-gain, wide bandwidth, high efficiency, small size, firm in structure, economy and durability base station/terminal antenna are designed,
And provide effective reference method for omnidirectional's list/dipole antenna optimization design of more high-gain.
While there has been shown and described that embodiment of the present utility model, for the ordinary skill in the art,
It is appreciated that these embodiments can be carried out in the case where not departing from principle of the present utility model and spirit a variety of changes, repaiies
Change, replace and modification, protection domain of the present utility model is limited by appended claims and its equivalency range.
Claims (16)
1. a kind of high-gain broadband element antenna, including oscillator underarm and oscillator upper arm；It is characterized in that：The oscillator
The mutual coaxial or conllinear arrangement of upper and lower arm；The oscillator upper arm includes the first conductor segment and some loading conductor segments, and first leads
Body section and some loading conductor segments are coaxial or conllinear cascade, wherein two-by-two by compound phase inverter cascade between adjacent conductor section；
The compound phase inverter includes some spirals and bending conductor segment；Some spirals are loaded in bending conductor segment.
2. high-gain broadband element antenna as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The first conductor segment top and
The bottom and/or top for loading conductor segment cut out the narrow slot being inwards recessed.
3. high-gain broadband element antenna as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The narrow slot, which has, is located at described the
The top of one conductor segment loads the bottom of conductor segment and/or the otch on top, and along conductor segment where it length direction to
Interior extension forms the bottom land of depression；The narrow slot is L-type or inverted L shape groove.
4. high-gain broadband element antenna as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The bending conductor segment is by a strip
Shape conductor repeats to be bent to form plane platelet structures along its length, it include it is some section bending conductor segments and up and down two from
By holding；Two free ends up and down extend up or down, and the narrow slot shape cut out with adjacent conductor section bottom and top
Shape and size are adapted；The conductor segment top end face and bottom face of the bending are respectively with the top end face of first conductor segment or adding
Carry bottom face and/or the top end face parallel docking of conductor segment；There is an interval between the conductor segment bent per two adjacent sections；Institute
State the left-handed or dextrorotation that some spirals are plain conductor constructions.
5. high-gain broadband element antenna as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：The two of the bending conductor segment are freely
End is held in the narrow slot respectively, and is abutted with the bottom land of narrow slot；Bend conductor segment two free ends respectively with it is described narrow
The left shoulder of groove or the connection of right shoulder；The thickness of the bending conductor segment is corresponding with the thickness of the first conductor segment and loading conductor segment；
The width of the bending conductor segment is corresponding with the width of the first conductor segment and loading conductor segment；The narrow slot and the bending are led
Two free ends of body section cooperate, and are L-type or inverted L shape；Two free ends of the bending conductor segment cover described narrow respectively
The cut ends of groove.
6. high-gain broadband element antenna as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：The bending conductor segment is rectangle；
The joint number of the bending conductor segment is 6.5 sections；Horizontal width and the first conductor segment of each section of bending and load conductor segment etc.
It is wide；The line width for bending conductor segment is corresponding with the thickness of the first conductor segment and loading conductor segment；The line width for bending conductor segment is curved
Roll over the half of conductor segment pitch.
7. high-gain broadband element antenna as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：Several described spirals are axially surround
Ground loads on the bending conductor segment periphery, and often section spiral correspondence is surrounded on every section bending conductor segment and is fastened in the bending of two sections and leads
Gap between body section；Left and right edges of the upper and lower ends of the spiral respectively with bending conductor segment both ends are connected.
8. high-gain broadband element antenna as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that：Some spirals are plain conductors
Two left-handed or dextrorotation, diameter Dh=0.95Dr cylindrical screws of construction, two spirals differ 180 °, and the number of turns is respectively 6 Hes
6.5, wherein DrIt is the width of the first conductor segment.
9. high-gain broadband element antenna as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The loading conductor segment and first lead
Body section is straight conductor section；The oscillator underarm is vertical metal sleeve；First conductor segment and loading conductor segment are flat for sheet
Face structure；The first conductor segment width is suitable with the sleeve diameter, and thickness is much smaller than center of antenna wavelength Xc；The loading
Conductor segment and the wide uniform thickness of the first conductor segment；The bending conductor segment and the loading conductor segment and first conductor segment
Wide uniform thickness.
10. high-gain broadband element antenna as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that：The sleeve maximum dimension DsWith it is outer
Wall total length LsRespectively：Ds=0.045 λc、Ls≈0.25·λc, wall thickness is more than 0 less than its radius；First conductor
The outward flange total length L of sectionr, width DrAnd thickness TrRespectively：Lr≈Ls=0.25 λc、Dr≈Ds=0.045 λcAnd Tr<<
0.1·λc；The length of the loading conductor segment is 0.5 λc。
11. the high-gain broadband element antenna as any one of claim 1-10, it is characterised in that：Under the oscillator
On the central axis of arm, from bottom to top through an antenna coaxial feeder cables；The outer conductor of the coaxial feeder cables is shaking
The top of sub- underarm disconnects and is welded as a whole therewith, and inner wire then extends to the bottom of the first conductor segment and welded therewith upward
Connect.
12. the high-gain broadband element antenna as any one of claim 1-10, it is characterised in that：The antenna exists
In 345MHz-395MHz frequency ranges, 50 Ω matched wells are realized in nearly 8.48 λ c electrical length, | S11 |≤- 10dB bandwidth reaches
6.1%；The efficiency of antenna is more than 88% and reaches as high as 96%；Low-frequency gain reaches 10.5dBi, and high-frequency gain is more than
6.2dBi, is less than 0.25dB with interior H faces out-of-roundness.
13. high-gain broadband element antenna as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The oscillator underarm be top, in
Portion and bottom are respectively the sleeve that increases successively of diameter of cylinder, circular cone and cylinder.
14. high-gain broadband element antenna as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The main body of first conductor segment
Rectangular, its bottom is with the oscillator underarm to being equipped with small rectangle, and the interlude by small rectangular transition to the main body rectangle is
It is trapezoidal；First conductor segment is rectangle, interlude from childhood be trapezoidal and width of main body rectangle increases successively planar structure；Institute
State loading conductor segment corresponding with the main body rectangle width and thickness of first conductor segment；The main body rectangle width of first conductor segment
Bottom body diameter with the oscillator underarm is corresponding；The small square of body diameter and the first conductor segment at the top of the oscillator underarm
Shape width correspondence；The cone diameter of the oscillator underarm is corresponding with the first conductor segment interlude trapezoidal width.
15. high-gain broadband element antenna as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The oscillator underarm, the first conductor
The vertical coaxial or conllinear arrangement of section and some loading conductors and compound phase inverter section；The oscillator underarm, the first conductor
Section and some loading conductor segments and compound phase inverter are made using fine copper, copper alloy or aluminum or aluminum alloy material.
16. high-gain broadband element antenna as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that：The antenna feeds coaxial cable
Using 50 Ω coaxial cable feeds, cable other end connect one in SMA, BNC, TNC, N-type connector any one.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621050960.XU CN206422222U (en) | 2016-09-12 | 2016-09-12 | A kind of high-gain broadband element antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621050960.XU CN206422222U (en) | 2016-09-12 | 2016-09-12 | A kind of high-gain broadband element antenna |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN206422222U true CN206422222U (en) | 2017-08-18 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106252851A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2016-12-21 | 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of high-gain broadband element antenna |
| CN108448236A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-08-24 | 广东司南通信科技有限公司 | A kind of nestable oscillator |
-
2016
- 2016-09-12 CN CN201621050960.XU patent/CN206422222U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106252851A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2016-12-21 | 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of high-gain broadband element antenna |
| CN106252851B (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2023-03-24 | 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 | High-gain broadband element antenna |
| CN108448236A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-08-24 | 广东司南通信科技有限公司 | A kind of nestable oscillator |
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