CN106450693B - Indoor omnidirectional ceiling antenna - Google Patents
Indoor omnidirectional ceiling antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN106450693B CN106450693B CN201610876884.6A CN201610876884A CN106450693B CN 106450693 B CN106450693 B CN 106450693B CN 201610876884 A CN201610876884 A CN 201610876884A CN 106450693 B CN106450693 B CN 106450693B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
Abstract
The indoor omnidirectional ceiling antenna comprises four split single cone units which are arranged along the circumference, and a feed base connected with the four single cone units; each single cone unit comprises a cone structure and a right angle loading unit, the cone structure comprises two cone walls which are arranged and connected in 45-degree oblique mirror symmetry, each cone wall is formed by bending a right angle polygonal plate along a right angle side parallel to the vertical direction, and the two cone walls are obliquely symmetrical along 45-degree and are connected into a whole along the right angle side; the top ends of the two cone walls after being bent enclose a quadrangle with an opening, and the feeder cables are connected with the feeder base. The invention achieves wideband performance, omni-directionality, enhanced edge gain, in-band coverage uniformity, good impedance matching, high efficiency, and low profile and small size over conventional single cone omni-directional ceiling antennas.
Description
[ field of technology ]
The invention relates to the field of communication, in particular to an indoor edge coverage enhanced omni-directional ceiling antenna.
[ background Art ]
At present, people have fully entered the information age, and the acquisition of information becomes an integral part of people's daily life. Mobile communication has become a major way for people to acquire information and communicate with each other anytime and anywhere, with its own convenience. The antenna is a key subcomponent of the wireless communication system, and its performance quality is decisive for the overall system. With the development of mobile communication technology, indoor environments such as home, office, mall, terminal, classroom, library, etc. have become hot spot areas for traffic and data traffic. The outdoor macro base station considers the practical factors of coverage, site selection, cost and the like, so that the antenna is large in size, high in gain, high in transmitting power and high in erection height, the wide-area continuous coverage of signals is realized, and the deep and accurate coverage of the interior of a building is difficult. Naturally, people miniaturized outdoor base stations and deployed the outdoor base stations around the building interior form an indoor distributed coverage system. Considering the factors of capacity, site selection, cost and the like comprehensively, the indoor small base station must support multiple systems (GSM 2G/CDMA-3G/LTE-4G) and full frequency bands (0.80-0.96 GHz/1.71-2.70 GHz), and the horizontal plane needs to cover a larger area. Depending on the installation location, the indoor antenna is generally divided into two main types, namely directional wall hanging and omni-directional ceiling mounting. Because of the difficulty in implementing multi-band technology, both types of antennas are typically designed to be broadband. The ceiling antenna is installed on the floor ceiling, the directional pattern is required to be uniform and omnidirectional (out of roundness) in azimuth planes with different elevation angles, and the low depression angle direction still needs to keep higher gain, so that the coverage of a larger range can be ensured. In addition, the ceiling antenna is preferably small in size and low in profile in view of user's vision and feel.
In view of the above requirements, the single cone is a geometric shape suitable for designing an omnidirectional ceiling antenna, has the characteristics of wide frequency band and omnidirectionality, and has a height which is half that of a bipyramid antenna. However, since the single cone antenna changes the inclined lower arm of the double cone into a flat floor, the high frequency maximum radiation direction thereof is tilted upward by a larger angle, so that the low elevation gain is lower, and the low frequency maximum gain is in the horizontal direction as the double cone antenna. This causes a phenomenon that the low frequency coverage is wide and the high frequency coverage is small. Although the high and low frequency coverage can be made more uniform by increasing the network deployment density, the construction cost can be multiplied. Therefore, the enhancement of the edge coverage effect of the omni-directional ceiling antenna becomes a key to solve the problem. The conventional omni-directional ceiling single cone antenna employs a flat disk floor 120, a cup cone 110 and a short circuit branch 130, as shown in fig. 2 (a), 2 (b), which has low elevation gain and poor roundness of azimuth plane.
Aiming at the application scene, it is necessary to design a monopole omnidirectional ceiling antenna with full frequency band, omnidirectionality, enhanced edge gain, consistent in-band coverage, high efficiency, miniaturization, low profile and low cost.
[ invention ]
The invention aims to provide an indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna with full frequency band, omnidirectionality, enhanced edge gain, consistent in-band coverage, high efficiency, miniaturization, low profile and low cost for an indoor distributed coverage system.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is provided:
the invention provides an indoor omnidirectional ceiling antenna, which comprises four split single cone units and a feed base, wherein the four single cone units are arranged in a split mode and are circumferentially arranged; each single cone unit comprises a cone structure; the cone structure comprises two cone walls which are arranged in a mirror symmetry mode and are connected with each other, each cone wall is formed by bending a right-angle polygonal plate along the right-angle side direction parallel to the vertical direction, and the two cone walls are connected into a whole along the right-angle side; the top ends of the two conical walls after being bent enclose an open quadrilateral; the feeder cable is connected with the feeder base.
The indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna adopts four split single cone units which are arranged together and are connected together through the feed base, and the cone structure of the single cone units is continuously bent and shaped, so that the broadband performance, the omni-directionality, the edge gain enhancement, the in-band coverage consistency, the good impedance matching, the low profile and the small size which are superior to those of the conventional single cone omni-directional ceiling antenna are obtained.
Preferably, each cone wall of the cone structure is formed by bending a right-angle polygonal plate twice by 90 degrees and bending the right-angle polygonal plate once by 45 degrees along the direction of parallel right-angle edges, and then the two cone walls are arranged in 45-degree oblique mirror symmetry and are connected with each other to form the cone structure. Preferably, the hypotenuse of the right angle polygonal plate is a continuously varying non-straight line. Preferably, the right angle triangle includes a tab, and the 45 ° bend of the right angle triangle along the direction parallel to the right angle side occurs at the tab.
Preferably, the four single cone cell geometries are symmetrically arranged about a ± 45 ° oblique line.
Preferably, the cone wall top end of the cone structure is provided with a downward concave. The recess structure can lengthen the current path, thereby reducing the operating frequency.
Preferably, the indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna further comprises a right-angle loading unit, the right-angle loading unit comprises two loading sheets, the loading sheets are vertically arranged and are in serpentine bending, the outer outline of each loading sheet is a right triangle, the two bending loading sheets are arranged in mirror symmetry along the hypotenuse of the right triangle, the right-angle loading unit is loaded at the top end of the cone structure, and the right-angle loading unit is connected with the corner aligning parts at the outer side of the cone structure. The top loading structure is primarily designed to lower the operating frequency and also to deflect the maximum radiation in the low elevation direction.
Preferably, the outer contour of the bending of the loading sheet is an equilateral right triangle.
Preferably, the cone structure is loaded with horizontal stubs on both side edges.
Preferably, the horizontal stub is provided with a plurality of horizontal stubs, the width of the horizontal stub is arranged along the vertical direction, and the horizontal stubs are transversely and alternately loaded at different height positions of the two side edges of the cone structure. Preferably, the lengths of the plurality of horizontal stubs are different, and the lengths of the horizontal stubs arranged from top to bottom can be gradually reduced according to the needs.
Preferably, the feeding base is an inverted truncated cone, a cross-shaped groove is formed in the top of the feeding base, the four single cone units are connected to the cross-shaped groove, a round hole penetrating through the center of the feeding base vertically is formed in the center of the feeding base, and the inner conductor of the feeding cable penetrates through the round hole and is connected to the upper surface of the feeding base.
Preferably, the indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna further comprises a floor, a feed hole is arranged in the middle of the floor, and the feed base and the single cone unit are arranged on the floor.
Preferably, the centers of the floor, the feed base and the four single cone units coincide.
Preferably, the floor is loaded with L-shaped studs, the bottoms of which are connected by load rings into an array of studs.
Preferably, the number N of the L-shaped stubs is greater than or equal to 3 (n=3, 4,5,6,7,8,) and is uniformly distributed on the loading ring, the stubs are inverted L-shaped, the top is bent inwards, and the bottom is connected into a whole through the loading ring.
The loading of right angle loading units on top of the cone structure, horizontal stubs on the sides, and inverted L-shaped stubs on the floor, all enable the antenna to achieve broadband performance, omnidirectionality, edge gain enhancement, in-band coverage uniformity, low profile and small size superior to conventional single cone omni-directional ceiling antennas.
Preferably, the floor is circular or square, and the loading ring is circular or square, corresponding to the shape of the floor.
Preferably, the feeder cable outer conductor is connected to the floor and the inner conductor is connected to the upper surface of the feeder base.
Preferably, the indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna further comprises a dielectric spacer arranged between the floor and the feed base.
Preferably, the centers of the floor, the insulating cushion block, the short pile array, the feed base, the feed line cable and the four single cone units are overlapped, so that the in-band directivity is consistent and circular symmetry is ensured.
Preferably, the feeder cable is a 50Ω standard coaxial cable with a SMA, BNC, TNC, N connector. After the 50 ohm feeding coaxial line passes through the feeding hole of the floor, the outer conductor is connected with the floor, and the inner conductor upwards passes through the insulating cushion block and the feeding base and is connected with the feeding base at the top end.
Preferably, the single cone unit, the right angle loading unit, the horizontal stub, the floor, the L-shaped stub and the feed base are all made of metal good conductor materials, such as red copper (pure copper), alloy copper (such as brass), pure aluminum and the like.
Preferably, the insulating cushion block material is PVC, PC, ABS, PTFE and other common dielectric materials.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention designs an improved single-cone antenna, namely, four inverted L-shaped short piles are loaded on the inner side of a straight floor along the circumferential direction; the upper cone-shaped radiator is changed into a split four-unit, and the split four-unit is respectively loaded on the top to realize miniaturization; and meanwhile, continuous geometric bending shaping is carried out on the edges of the units, and horizontal short piles are loaded, so that miniaturization and edge coverage effect enhancement of the single-cone ceiling antenna are realized. The maximum radiation direction in the single-cone antenna band is always close to the horizontal direction, and the gain slowly drops after deviating from the maximum radiation direction due to the wider beam width of the vertical plane, so that the gain in the low elevation angle direction can still keep a higher value, and the coverage area in the full frequency band is ensured to be approximately the same.
The design of the invention realizes good impedance matching, ideal omnidirectionality, vertical polarization, enhanced edge coverage effect, consistent in-band coverage, high efficiency, small size and low profile of the indoor ceiling antenna in the ultra-wide band of 0.80-2.70GHz, and is an ideal single-polarization omnidirectional antenna scheme suitable for indoor coverage. In addition, the method has the characteristics of novel thought, clear principle, universality, simplicity in implementation and the like, and is applicable and effective for the design and improvement of the dual-polarized ceiling antenna.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of rectangular coordinate system definition used by an antenna model;
fig. 2 (a) is a front view of a geometric model of a conventional single cone omni-directional ceiling antenna;
fig. 2 (b) is a perspective view of a geometric model of a conventional single cone omni-directional ceiling antenna;
FIG. 3 (a) is a schematic view of a right angle polygonal plate for constructing a cone structure in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 (b) is a schematic diagram illustrating bending of the right-angle polygonal plate;
FIG. 3 (c) is a schematic view of the cone structure of the present invention constructed symmetrically by the two curved polygonal plates +45° of FIG. 3 (b);
FIG. 3 (d) is a schematic view of the cone structure thickened from FIG. 3 (c);
FIG. 4 (a) is a top view of a right angle loading unit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 (b) is a perspective view of a right angle loading unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 (a) is a perspective view of the right angle loading unit of the present invention loaded into a cone structure;
FIG. 5 (b) is a top view of the right angle loading unit of the present invention loaded into a cone structure;
FIG. 6 (a) is a perspective view of a single cone unit provided with a right angle loading unit and horizontal stubs in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 (b) is a perspective view of a single cone unit provided with a right angle loading unit and horizontal stubs in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 (a) is a front view of four single cone units of the present invention arranged together and loaded with horizontal stubs;
FIG. 7 (b) is a top view of four single cone units of the present invention arranged together and loaded with horizontal stubs;
FIG. 8 (a) is a top view of a feeder base of the present invention;
FIG. 8 (b) is a perspective view of a feeder base in the present invention;
FIG. 8 (c) is a top view of four single cone units of the present invention arranged and connected to the feed base;
FIG. 9 (a) is a top view of an array of stubs in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 9 (b) is a side view of an array of stubs in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 9 (c) is a perspective view of an array of stubs in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 9 (d) is a top view of the stub array of the present invention disposed on the floor and having the feeding base;
fig. 10 (a) is a perspective view of a complete model diagram of an indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna of the present invention;
fig. 10 (b) is a front view of a complete model diagram of an indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna of the present invention;
fig. 10 (c) is a top view of a complete model diagram of an indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna of the present invention;
fig. 11 is an input impedance Z of the indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna of the present invention in A frequency characteristic curve;
fig. 12 shows the reflection coefficient |s of the indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna of the present invention 11 An I curve;
FIG. 13 is a standing wave ratio VSWR curve of an indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a normalized gain pattern of each frequency point E-plane (vertical plane) of the indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna of the present invention;
FIGS. 15 (a) -15 (c) are H-plane (azimuth plane) normalized gain patterns of each frequency point of the indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna at different Theta values;
fig. 16 is a plot of in-band E-plane half-power beamwidth versus frequency f for an indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a graph showing the variation of the maximum gain elevation angle of the indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna according to the present invention with frequency f;
fig. 18 is a graph showing the maximum gain of the indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna according to the present invention as a function of frequency f;
fig. 19 shows the efficiency η of the indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna of the present invention A Curve as a function of frequency f.
[ detailed description ] of the invention
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 3 (a) to 10 (c), the present invention aims to provide an omni-directional ceiling antenna with full frequency band, omni-directionality, enhanced edge gain, uniform in-band coverage, high efficiency, miniaturization, low profile and low cost for an indoor distributed system of cellular mobile communication, and to provide an effective reference method for the optimal design of the indoor dual-polarized ceiling antenna.
The indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna comprises four split single cone units 200 which are arranged along the circumference, and a feed base 300 which is connected with the four single cone units, wherein each single cone unit comprises a cone structure 210 which comprises two cone walls which are arranged in a mirror symmetry mode and are connected, as shown in fig. 3 (a), each cone wall is formed by bending a right-angle polygonal plate twice by 90 degrees along the direction of parallel right-angle sides and bending once by 45 degrees, the inclined surface of the right-angle polygonal plate is a continuously variable nonlinear line, the right-angle polygonal plate comprises a protruding sheet 231, the 45-degree bending of the right-angle polygonal plate along the direction of parallel right-angle sides occurs at the protruding sheet, the two cone walls are connected into a whole along the right-angle sides, the top ends of the two cone walls after bending enclose an open quadrilateral, and the geometric structures of the four single cone units are symmetrically arranged about +/-45-degree inclined lines. The cone structure has a concave recess 211 at the top of the cone wall, which can lengthen the current path and thus reduce the operating frequency.
The single cone unit 200 further includes a right angle loading unit 220, which includes two loading pieces 221 vertically disposed and serpentine-folded, the outer contour of which is an equilateral right triangle, the two folded loading pieces are mirror-symmetrically disposed along the hypotenuse of the right triangle, the right angle loading unit 220 is loaded on the top end of the cone structure 210, and the top ends of the two loading pieces are flush, and are connected together at the outer diagonal point portions of the cone structure 210, as shown in fig. 5 (b), and the connection is located at the protruding piece 231. The top loading structure is primarily designed to lower the operating frequency and also to deflect the maximum radiation in the low elevation direction.
The cone structure 210 is loaded with a plurality of horizontal stubs 212 on both side edges thereof, the width of which is arranged vertically and is transversely staggered at different height positions on both side edges of the cone structure 210. The plurality of horizontal stubs are different in length, and the lengths of the horizontal stubs 212 arranged from top to bottom are gradually reduced as needed, as shown in fig. 6 (a) and 6 (b).
Referring to fig. 8 (a) -8 (c), the feeding base 300 is an inverted truncated cone, a cross-shaped groove 310 is formed at the top of the feeding base, the four single cone units are connected to the cross-shaped groove, a circular hole 320 penetrating up and down is formed in the center of the feeding base, and an inner conductor of the feeding cable penetrates through the circular hole to be connected to the upper surface of the feeding base.
The indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna further comprises a floor 400, a feed hole is arranged in the middle of the floor, the feed base 300 and the single cone units 200 are arranged on the floor 400, and the centers of the floor, the feed base and the four single cone units are coincident.
Referring to fig. 9 (a) to 9 (d), the floor is loaded with L-shaped studs 420, the bottoms of which are connected by load rings 410 into an array of studs. The number N of the L-shaped short piles is more than or equal to 3 (N=3, 4,5,6,7, 8.) and is uniformly distributed on the loading ring, the short piles are in an inverted L shape, the top parts of the short piles are bent inwards, and the bottoms of the short piles are connected into a whole through the loading ring. In this embodiment, the floor 400 is circular and the load ring 410 is circular.
And an insulating cushion block is arranged between the floor and the feed base.
After the feeder cable 500 of the indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna of the present invention adopts a 50Ω feeding coaxial line to pass through the feeding hole of the floor, the outer conductor is connected to the floor 400, and the inner conductor 510 passes upward through the insulating pad and the feeding base 300 and is connected to the feeding base at the top end, as shown in fig. 10 (b). The feeder cable adopts a 50 omega standard coaxial cable of a SMA, BNC, TNC, N connector.
The centers of the floor 400, the insulating pad, the stub array, the feed base 300, the feed cable 500 and the four single cone units 200 are coincident, thereby ensuring uniform circular symmetry of in-band directivity.
The single cone unit 200, right angle loading unit 220, horizontal stub 212, floor 400, L-shaped stub 420, and feed base 300 are all made of metal good conductor materials, such as copper (pure copper), alloy copper (e.g., brass), pure aluminum, etc. The insulating cushion block material is PVC, PC, ABS, PTFE and other common dielectric materials.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 3 (a) to 10 (c), the indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna is constructed by using the rectangular coordinate system definition shown in fig. 1 to build a model, specifically,
step one, establishing a rectangular coordinate system in a horizontal plane XOY, see FIG. 1;
step two, continuously bending and shaping the right triangle loading piece, namely the right polygon plate, on the hypotenuse on the XOZ plane, and downwards sinking the right angle edge part at the top to prolong the current path, thereby reducing the working frequency, as shown in fig. 3 (a); then, the loading sheet is inwards bent twice 90 degrees and 45 degrees continuously, oblique mirror symmetry copying is carried out along the direction of +45 degrees after the loading sheet is bent, the loading sheet and the loading sheet are combined, as shown in fig. 3 (b) and 3 (c), and the loading sheet is changed into a cone unit with a certain thickness, as shown in fig. 3 (d), namely the cone structure 210 is constructed;
step three, in the XOY plane, one length, width and thickness are respectively L s ×W s ×T s The loading piece 221 of (1) is vertically arranged, the width is in the Z-axis direction, and the length and the thickness are respectively in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction; continuously bending the loading sheet for a plurality of times along the length direction to form a right triangle with a hypotenuse parallel to the +45° direction, and then symmetrically copying and combining the right triangle with the hypotenuse along the +45° direction to form a right angle loading unit 220, as shown in fig. 4 (a) and 4 (b);
step four, aligning the coordinate systems of the step three and the step two, then horizontally placing the right-angle loading unit 220 of the step three on the top end of the cone structure 210 of the step two, keeping the top positions of the two parts flush, and connecting the outer diagonal parts of the two parts together, as shown in fig. 5 (a) and 5 (b), wherein the top loading mainly aims at reducing the working frequency and can also lead the maximum radiation to deviate to the low elevation direction;
step five, on the two side edges of the cone structure 210 with the right angle loading unit 220 loaded on the top end of the step four, four horizontal stubs 212 with sequentially increased staggered loading length are constructed into a single cone unit 200, wherein the width of each stub is in the vertical direction as shown in fig. 6 (a) and 6 (b);
step six, changing the single cone unit 200 in the step five into a four-unit array arranged along the circumference, namely a split type four-unit cone, as shown in fig. 7 (a) and 7 (b);
step seven, designing a feed base 300 of an inverted truncated cone so as to connect the split type four-unit cones of step six into a whole at the bottoms of the split type four-unit cones; the top of the feeding base 300 is provided with a cross-shaped groove 310, and the center is provided with a round hole 320 penetrating up and down so that the inner conductor 510 of the feeding cable 500 passes through, as shown in fig. 8 (a) and 8 (b);
step eight, buckling the cross-shaped groove 310 of the feeding base in the step seven into the bottom of the four-unit cone in the step six and connecting the two into a whole, as shown in fig. 8 (c);
step nine, arranging L-shaped stubs 420 on the loading ring 410 to construct an inward-bending L-shaped stub array, changing it into a circumferential arrangement, and concentrically placing it on the upper surface of the circular floor 400, as shown in FIGS. 9 (a), 9 (b) and 9 (c);
and step ten, a feeding hole is formed in the center of the circular floor 400, after the 50Ω coaxial feeding cable 500 passes through, the outer conductor is welded on the floor 400, and the inner conductor 510 extends upward and sequentially passes through the insulating pad and the feeding base center circular hole 320 of step seven, and is welded on the upper surface of the feeding base 400. So far, all the components of the entire antenna are combined and inverted as shown in fig. 10 (a), 10 (b) and 10 (c).
The structure of the indoor omnidirectional ceiling antenna is characterized in that 1) a conventional circular single cone is designed into an edge-shaped split four-unit single cone unit; 2) A right-angle loading unit is arranged at the top of the cone structure of the single cone unit; 3) Loading a horizontal stub on the side of the single cone unit; 4) Loading an inverted L-shaped short pile array on the floor; thereby obtaining: 1. the wideband performance of the single cone omnidirectional ceiling antenna is superior to that of the conventional single cone omnidirectional ceiling antenna, the VSWR is less than or equal to 1.90 in the frequency band of 0.80-2.70GHz, (the high-frequency VSWR is less than or equal to 1.43); 2. ideal omnidirectionality, and out-of-roundness of each elevation angle in the band is less than 0.9dBi; 3. edge gain enhancement, in-band coverage uniformity (gain low frequency, high frequency are 2dBi and 2.25-3.50dBi respectively; low frequency gain elevation angle θ=72 ° -83 °, half power bandwidth hpbw=104 ° -110 °; high frequency gain elevation angle θ=40 ° -49 °, half power bandwidth hpbw=40 ° -58 °); 4. smaller and smallerProfile height and overall dimensions (floor diameter-0.48. Lambda.) L X single cone width-0.184. Lambda L X height-0.192. Lambda L ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the 5. Work efficiency (eta) close to the ideal 100% A ≥99％)。
Please refer to the following table. Table 1 shows the relative gain values (normalized to maximum) for each frequency bin at different elevation angles θ. As shown, the gain values in the low elevation direction of the middle and low frequencies are still higher, and the highest frequency is slightly lower.
TABLE 1 relative gain values (normalized to maximum) for each frequency bin at different θ values
Fig. 11 is an input impedance Z of the indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna of the present invention in A frequency characteristic curve, wherein the horizontal axis (X-axis) is the frequency f in GHz; the vertical axis (Y axis) is the input impedance Z in The unit is omega; the solid line represents the real part R in The dotted line represents the imaginary part X in 。
Fig. 12 shows the reflection coefficient |s of the indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna of the present invention 11 An I curve; wherein the horizontal axis (X axis) is frequency f, and the unit is GHz; the vertical axis (Y axis) is S 11 Amplitude |S of (2) 11 I, in dB. As shown in the figure, the antenna realizes good impedance matching (|S) in the frequency band of 0.80-2.70GHz 11 I is less than or equal to-10.13 dB, and S is within a frequency band of 0.80-0.96GHz 11 |≤-14.95dB)。
FIG. 13 is a standing wave ratio VSWR curve of an indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna of the present invention; wherein the horizontal axis (X axis) is frequency f, and the unit is GHz; the vertical axis (Y-axis) is VSWR. As shown in the figure, the antenna realizes good impedance matching in the frequency band of 0.80-2.70GHz (VSWR is less than or equal to 1.90,0.80-0.96GHz, and VSWR is less than or equal to 1.44).
Fig. 14 shows the E-plane (vertical plane) of each frequency point of the indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna of the present invention) Normalizing the gain pattern; wherein the solid line represents f 1 =0.8ghz, dashed line represents f 2 =1.71 GHz, dotted line denotes f 3 =2.30 GHz, the dash-dot line indicates f 4 =2.70 GHz. As can be seen, the low frequency maximum direction occurs at theta=72° -83 °, and the high frequency occurs at theta=40 ° -49 °; the full frequency band has ideal half-wave array pattern.
FIG. 15 is a normalized gain pattern of the H-plane (azimuth plane) of each frequency point of the indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna of the present invention at different Theta values; wherein the solid line represents f 1 =0.8ghz, dashed line represents f 2 =1.71 GHz, dotted line denotes f 3 =2.30 GHz, the dash-dot line indicates f 4 =2.70 GHz. Fig. 15 (a) shows theta=30°, fig. 15 (b) shows theta=60°, and fig. 15 (c) shows theta=85°. As shown in the figure, the out-of-roundness of theta=30°, 60 ° and 85 ° are respectively within 0.25dB, 0.40dB and 0.90dB, and each elevation angle can well meet the requirement of omnidirectionality.
Fig. 16 is a plot of in-band E-plane half-power beamwidth versus frequency f for an indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna of the present invention; wherein the horizontal axis (X axis) is frequency f, and the unit is GHz; the vertical axis (Y-axis) is the beam width in degrees (deg). As can be seen, the low frequency beam width is 104 ° -110 °, and the high frequency is 40 ° -58 °.
FIG. 17 is a graph showing the variation of the maximum gain elevation angle of the indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna according to the present invention with frequency f; wherein the horizontal axis (X axis) is frequency f, and the unit is GHz; the vertical axis (Y-axis) is the beam width in degrees (deg). As can be seen, the low frequency maximum gain elevation angle theta=72° -83 °, and the high frequency maximum gain elevation angle theta=40 ° -49 °.
Fig. 18 is a graph showing the maximum gain of the indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna according to the present invention as a function of frequency f; as can be seen, the low frequency gain G is approximately 2dBi and the high frequency gain G is approximately 2.25-3.5dBi.
Fig. 19 shows the efficiency η of the indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna of the present invention A Curve as a function of frequency f. The efficiency of the whole in-band antenna is close to ideal 100% (. Gtoreq.99%).
The data and the diagrams can prove the advantages of full frequency band, omnidirectionality, edge gain enhancement, consistent in-band coverage, high efficiency, miniaturization, low profile, low cost and the like of the omnidirectional ceiling antenna.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any equivalent transformation based on the technical solution of the present invention falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The indoor omnidirectional ceiling antenna is characterized by comprising four split single cone units and a feed base, wherein the four single cone units are arranged in a split mode and are circumferentially arranged; each single cone unit comprises a cone structure; the cone structure comprises two cone walls which are arranged in a mirror symmetry way and are connected with each other, each cone wall is formed by bending a right-angle polygon twice by 90 degrees and bending by 45 degrees once along the right-angle side direction parallel to the vertical direction, and the two cone walls are arranged in an oblique mirror symmetry way by 45 degrees and are connected with each other to form the cone structure; the top ends of the two conical walls after being bent enclose an open quadrilateral; the feeder cable is connected with the feeder base.
2. The indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna according to claim 1, wherein the cone wall top of the cone structure is provided with a recess, and the four single cone unit geometries are symmetrically arranged about ± 45 ° oblique lines.
3. The indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna according to claim 1, further comprising a right angle loading unit comprising two loading pieces vertically placed and serpentine-folded, the outer contour of which is a right triangle, the two folded loading pieces being disposed mirror-symmetrically along the hypotenuse of the right triangle, the right angle loading unit being loaded on the top end of the cone structure and connected together at the outer diagonal point portion of the cone structure.
4. A ceiling antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the right and left diagonal edges of the cone structure are provided with a plurality of horizontal stubs, the width of each horizontal stub is vertically arranged and is transversely staggered and loaded at different height positions of the two side edges of the cone structure.
5. The indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the feeding base is an inverted circular cone, a cross-shaped groove is formed at the top of the feeding base, the four single cone units are connected to the cross-shaped groove, a round hole penetrating up and down is formed in the center of the feeding base, and the inner conductor of the feeding cable penetrates through the round hole to be connected to the upper surface of the feeding base.
6. The indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a floor, wherein the floor is provided with a feeding hole in the middle, and the feeding base and the single cone unit are disposed on the floor.
7. The indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna of claim 6 wherein the floor is loaded with at least three L-shaped stubs, the bottoms of the L-shaped stubs being connected by a load ring into an array of stubs, the L-shaped stubs being bent inwardly.
8. The indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna according to claim 5, wherein the feeder cable outer conductor is connected to the floor and the inner conductor is connected to the upper surface of the feeder base.
9. The indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a spacer disposed between the floor and the feed base.
10. The indoor omni-directional ceiling antenna according to claim 7, wherein the floor, stub array, feed base, feeder cable, four single cone units are centered on one another.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610876884.6A CN106450693B (en) | 2016-09-30 | 2016-09-30 | Indoor omnidirectional ceiling antenna |
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| CN201610876884.6A CN106450693B (en) | 2016-09-30 | 2016-09-30 | Indoor omnidirectional ceiling antenna |
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| CN106450693A CN106450693A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
| CN106450693B true CN106450693B (en) | 2024-02-20 |
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| CN111092297B (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2021-11-09 | 上海交通大学 | Low-profile multi-frequency omnidirectional vertical polarization antenna |
| CN114824777B (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2023-06-23 | 西安交通大学 | Arc-shaped circuit of mirror surface single cone antenna |
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| CN101938036A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2011-01-05 | 泉州佳信天线有限公司 | Low-section broadband omnidirectional ceiling antenna |
| CN104901024A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-09-09 | 康凯科技（杭州）有限公司 | Multi-mode conical antenna system applied to WIFI |
| CN105098333A (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2015-11-25 | 江苏省东方世纪网络信息有限公司 | Frequency modulation broadcast transmitting antenna |
| JP2016167680A (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2016-09-15 | 株式会社日立国際八木ソリューションズ | Broadband non-directional antenna |
| CN206211015U (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-05-31 | 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 | Indoor all-around top absorbing antenna |
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| US7006047B2 (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2006-02-28 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | Compact low RCS ultra-wide bandwidth conical monopole antenna |
| EP1542314A1 (en) * | 2003-12-11 | 2005-06-15 | Sony International (Europe) GmbH | Three-dimensional omni-directional monopole antenna designs for ultra- wideband applications |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101938036A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2011-01-05 | 泉州佳信天线有限公司 | Low-section broadband omnidirectional ceiling antenna |
| JP2016167680A (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2016-09-15 | 株式会社日立国際八木ソリューションズ | Broadband non-directional antenna |
| CN104901024A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-09-09 | 康凯科技（杭州）有限公司 | Multi-mode conical antenna system applied to WIFI |
| CN105098333A (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2015-11-25 | 江苏省东方世纪网络信息有限公司 | Frequency modulation broadcast transmitting antenna |
| CN206211015U (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-05-31 | 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 | Indoor all-around top absorbing antenna |
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