CN206223096U - For large scale structure composition deformation or the self-calibration measurement apparatus of displacement parameter - Google Patents
For large scale structure composition deformation or the self-calibration measurement apparatus of displacement parameter Download PDFInfo
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- CN206223096U CN206223096U CN201620834141.8U CN201620834141U CN206223096U CN 206223096 U CN206223096 U CN 206223096U CN 201620834141 U CN201620834141 U CN 201620834141U CN 206223096 U CN206223096 U CN 206223096U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of for large scale structure composition deformation or the self-calibration measurement apparatus of displacement parameter, the measurement target drone no less than one including imaging system and in large structure measurement point, also include the benchmark parallel target in deformation or the negligible region of change in displacement on large structure, benchmark parallel target and measurement target drone are imaged on the diverse location of the sensitivity unit of imaging system, and the displacement of measurement point or deformation parameter are calculated according to the result of measurement target drone and the result of benchmark parallel target.The utility model and overcome measuring system because environment temperature, ageing or imaging system are because of itself installation foundation measurement error for causing of deformation, improve certainty of measurement.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to mechanical meaurement technical field, is related to one kind to be filled for large structure displacement and distortion measurement
Put, the device and method of particularly a kind of self-alignment long-range displacement or distortion measurement.
Background technology
Including bridge, dam, tunnel, slope and building construction etc., its deformation mainly includes static deformation to large structure
And dynamic deformation, static deformation refers to that ground sink, inclines and the very slow deformation of the change such as stress relaxation, dynamic deformation refer to by
The shortterm deflection that Yu Feng, temperature, earthquake, traffic load or site operation etc. cause, its parameter monitoring is commented for the safety of target
Estimating analysis has important effect.
Traditional large structure such as bridge, the instrument of its deformation detection have dial gauge, amesdial, accelerometer, spirit level,
Theodolite etc..At present, these instruments are still widely used in bridge acceptance, periodic detection, however it is necessary that professional and technical personnel,
Time-consuming, laborious, human error is big, far can not realize online, real-time, automatic, intelligent measure.In recent years, information technology is fluffy
The exhibition of breaking out has driven the development of bridge deformation e measurement technology significantly, has emerged in large numbers many new technology and methods, such as laser amount of deflection
Method and GPS (Global Position System) positioning measurement method.Laser flexometer can realize the displacement measurement of submillimeter, but
It is that range is only capable of reaching several tens cm, it is impossible to meet the larger measurement for bridge large deformation of span, its vertical displacement is reachable
Meter level；Gps position measurement method can realize the large deformation of real-time online measuring bridge, but its precision intelligently reaches Centimeter Level, and
High cost, limits its popularization and application.
Since latter stage seventies solid state image sensor occurs, there are many scholars both at home and abroad with image sensings such as CCD
Device is medium, and image processing techniques is used for the research of bridge, beams of concrete deformation measurement.Application No. 200820241096.0
Chinese patent " a kind of bridge moving displacement measuring device based on machine vision " disclose and a kind of combined by lasing light emitter and CCD
Measure bridge dynamic deformation measurement apparatus, by bridge distal end with CCD record bridge deformation during laser beam position
Change is put, the deformation parameter of bridge is calculated.The subject matter of this kind of displacement transducer presence is at present：Ccd image is sensed
Device needs to be used in combination with alignment laser, increased the complexity of system.
A kind of Chinese patent " Real-time Monitoring System of Bridges " of Application No. 201410145554.0 discloses a kind of bridge
, be held away from power-up target in the fixed target of bridge in use by the remote measuring unit of dynamic displacement, and is needed in bridge
The place for monitoring displacement is provided with CCD cameras so that target is imaged in the photosensitive units of CCD, by the real-time target figure for obtaining
As the position on CCD, the dynamic displacement on bridge tested point is calculated.The problem that this scheme is present is：First, measurement system
Unite imaging point by measurement target drone on CCD relative displacement and be calculated displacement and the deformation parameter of bridge, because CCD holds
It is vulnerable to the influence of the factor such as environment temperature, ageing, measurement error is larger, it is necessary to frequent calibration could realize the exhausted of displacement
To measurement；2nd, limited by execution conditions, CCD is generally also fixed on the body of a bridge of bridge, thus position where CCD also with
External environment, stress loading change and are deformed, and cause to be superimposed a system background error on the parametric results of measurement,
Have impact on certainty of measurement.
Utility model content
The utility model proposes a kind of self-calibration measurement apparatus for large scale structure composition deformation or displacement parameter and
Method, increased a benchmark parallel target on the basis of traditional measurement target, and the benchmark parallel target is fixed on displacement and deformation can
The region ignored, is changed with time using same imaging unit real-time monitoring benchmark parallel target and measurement target drone position, is overcome
Imaging unit is because of variation of ambient temperature and itself is stressed systematic error caused by change, substantially increases measurement essence
Degree.
Technology contents of the present utility model are as follows：
For large scale structure composition deformation or the self-calibration measurement apparatus of displacement parameter, including data processing centre, imaging
System and the measurement target drone no less than in large structure measurement point, also including on large structure
Deformation or the benchmark parallel target in the negligible region of change in displacement, described benchmark parallel target and measurement target drone are first in the sensitivity of imaging system
Diverse location on be imaged, the displacement of measurement point or deformation parameter are calculated according to the result of measurement target drone and the result of benchmark parallel target
Obtain.
In the above-mentioned self-calibration measurement apparatus for large scale structure composition deformation or displacement parameter, large structure includes bridge
Beam, dam, tunnel, slope and building construction.
In the above-mentioned self-calibration measurement apparatus for large scale structure composition deformation or displacement parameter, imaging system, measurement target
Mark, benchmark parallel target are fixed on large structure by the pole of different length so that measurement target drone and benchmark parallel target are in imaging
It is imaged on the diverse location of the sensitivity unit of system.
In the above-mentioned self-calibration measurement apparatus for large scale structure composition deformation or displacement parameter, benchmark parallel target and measurement target
Target is the power-up target of specific pattern or continuous work.
In the above-mentioned self-calibration measurement apparatus for large scale structure composition deformation or displacement parameter, power-up target is to line up one
LED the or LD light bar of setting shape.
In the above-mentioned self-calibration measurement apparatus for large scale structure composition deformation or displacement parameter, imaging system includes optics
Camera lens, imageing sensor, core control function unit, treatment memory cell and remote communication unit；Imageing sensor be CCD or
Cmos sensor, core control function unit include trigger signal detection module, image data acquiring module, image gray processing and
Zoom module and target image feature lift and identification module, for the treatment and identification of target image；Treatment memory cell with
Core control function unit is connected, for the storage and treatment of view data；Described remote communication unit is single with treatment storage
Unit's connection, for the long-range transmission of view data.
In the above-mentioned self-calibration measurement apparatus for large scale structure composition deformation or displacement parameter, imaging system is by wireless
Gprs system, mobile radio network transport module or optical cable transmission system transmit measurement result to data processing centre.
In the above-mentioned self-calibration measurement apparatus for large scale structure composition deformation or displacement parameter, core control function unit
Built by DSP.
In the above-mentioned self-calibration measurement apparatus for large scale structure composition deformation or displacement parameter, imaging system is CCD pictures
Machine or cmos sensor.
For large scale structure composition deformation or the self-calibration measuring method of displacement parameter, comprise the following steps：
[1] install：Measurement target drone and benchmark parallel target are installed on large structure, wherein measurement target drone is arranged on to be measured
Point position, benchmark parallel target is arranged on deformation or the negligible region of change in displacement；
[2] measure：Open imaging system so that benchmark parallel target and measurement target drone are in the different positions of the sensitivity unit of imaging system
Imaging is put, the shift value of benchmark parallel target and measurement target drone is obtained.
[3] calibrate：Data processing is carried out to imaging system, the shift value of benchmark parallel target and measurement target drone is obtained；And according to
The positional value of benchmark parallel target, the shift value to measurement target drone is modified calibration, deducts imaging system because of itself installation foundation position
The measurement error that shipper pole comes, obtains the real displacement value of measurement point where measurement target drone.
In the above-mentioned self-calibration measuring method for large scale structure composition deformation or displacement parameter, the calibration in step [3]
Step includes：
[3.1] the change in location value according to measurement target drone, and combine the distance between measurement target drone and imaging system, imaging
The optical parametric of system, the shift value x1 of the measurement point where being calculated measurement target drone；
[3.2] the change in location value according to benchmark parallel target, and combine the distance between benchmark parallel target and imaging system, imaging
The optical parametric of system, is calculated the basis displacement value x0 of imaging system；
[3.3] the displacement x 11=x1-x0 of calibrated rear measurement point.
The Advantageous Effects that the utility model has are as follows：
1st, the utility model increased on the basis of the displacement measuring device that existing CCD cameras and measurement target drone are constituted
One benchmark parallel target, its displacement for causing in the measurements or deform it is negligible be zero；In installation and debugging so that benchmark parallel target and survey
Amount target is imaged on CCD cameras simultaneously, and in data handling, the shift value according to benchmark parallel target is really measured to correct
Point shift value, so as to overcome measuring system because environment temperature, ageing or imaging system because itself installation foundation deform or
The measurement error that displacement causes, improves certainty of measurement.
2nd, core control function unit of the present utility model uses embedded system, compact conformation reliability, convenient application；Together
When be provided with telecommunication transmission unit, the result that can be measured is by the wireless transmitting system such as gprs system, 3G wireless networks
Or the line transmission system such as optical cable, transmit to the night shift room of distal end, meeting long-range unattended round-the-clock field work will
Ask.
3rd, target of the present utility model uses LED the or LD light bar of power-up as target, it is possible to achieve 24 hours round-the-clock
Work, and with characteristic target extract the convenient and degree of accuracy it is high the characteristics of, certainty of measurement is also accordingly improved.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model measurement apparatus application schematic diagram on common bridge；
Fig. 2 is installed on common bridge for Fig. 1 measurement apparatus and is applied top view；
Target and measurement target drone the image space schematic diagram on CCD pixels on the basis of Fig. 3；
Fig. 4 is the utility model imaging system theory of constitution schematic diagram；
Reference is as follows：1-optical lens；2-imageing sensor；3-trigger control unit；4-telecommunication list
Unit；5-core control function unit；6-treatment memory cell；11-large structure；12-imaging system；13-measurement target
Mark；14-benchmark parallel target；15-pole；16-measurement target drone image；17-benchmark parallel target image；18-display screen.
Specific embodiment
Measuring system of the present utility model is mainly used in the displacement of some key positions or distortion measurement on large structure,
Wherein large structure includes bridge, dam, tunnel, slope and building construction, below by taking bridge as an example.
As shown in figure 1, for large scale structure composition deformation or the self-calibration measurement apparatus of displacement parameter, including imaging system
12nd, the measurement target drone 13 no less than in large structure measurement point, and deform on large structure
Or the benchmark parallel target 14 in the negligible region of change in displacement, the sensitivity unit of benchmark parallel target 14 and measurement target drone 13 in imaging system 12
It is imaged on diverse location, the displacement of measurement point or deformation parameter are according to the result of measurement target drone 13 and the result meter of benchmark parallel target 14
Obtain.
Imaging system, on the one hand because the factor such as environment temperature, ageing influences, causes measurement target drone in application is measured
There is position movement in 13 imaging on CCD；On the other hand, limited by execution conditions, the position that imaging system 12 is installed
As the stress loading for applying and cause the displacement of imaging system itself, so generation system error is, it is necessary to deduct.For example
Imaging system 12 and measurement target drone 13, when there is load-carrying vehicle to pass through, imaging system are installed in the general position of the bridge body of a bridge
12 itself can produce a systematic displacement error because of the weight of load-carrying vehicle, are at this moment measured with imaging system 12 and obtained
The displacement of measurement target drone 13 be the equal of to be superimposed a Systematic Errors.The utility model is in the deformation in large structure
Or the negligible region of change in displacement is mounted with benchmark parallel target 14, according to relative motion principle, the benchmark that imaging system measurement is obtained
The displacement of target 14 is exactly the systematic error of itself of imaging system 12, and displacement or the shape of accurate measurement point are can obtain after deduction
Become.
As shown in Fig. 2 imaging system 12, measurement target drone 13 and benchmark parallel target 14 are fixed on by the pole 15 of different length
On bridge so that measurement target drone 13 and benchmark parallel target 14 are imaged on the diverse location of the sensitivity unit of imaging system 12.Basic target
Mark can be fixed on the insignificant bridge pier of deformation.Measurement target drone 13 can be many, only draw one in figure for the sake of simplicity
Only.
The imaging of measurement target drone 13 and benchmark parallel target 14 in the photosensitive units of CCD is as shown in figure 3,16,17 respectively survey in figure
Amount target image and benchmark parallel target image, 18 is display screen.It is zero or displacement very little because benchmark parallel target 14 is in displacement
Near bridge pier, therefore its displacement is negligible, and measurement target drone 13 and imaging system 12 are in bridge middle part displacement and deformation most
Big region, when load-carrying vehicle sails bridge into, can cause that the image of measurement target drone 13 produces the displacement x 1 of above-below direction, form
As the background displacement that system CCD itself is produced is exactly the displacement x O of benchmark parallel target 14, it is deducted, can obtain accurately survey
Amount point shift value.
As shown in Figure 4, imaging system includes that optical lens 1, imageing sensor 2, core control function unit 5, treatment are deposited
Storage unit 6 and remote communication unit 4；Imageing sensor 2 is CCD or cmos sensor, and core control function unit 5 includes triggering
Signal detection module, image data acquiring module, image gray processing and Zoom module and target image feature lift and recognize mould
Block, for the treatment and identification of target image；Treatment memory cell 6 is connected with core control function unit 5, for view data
Storage and treatment；Remote communication unit 4 couples with treatment memory cell 6, for the long-range transmission of view data.
Optical lens 1 aims at the target set in measured target, the camera lens of optional varifocal in the application, by difference away from
On, different size of target imaging to imageing sensor, this working method has good adaptability to measurement target, and
With measurement range it is big the characteristics of, wherein imageing sensor 2 be CCD or cmos sensor, in real time obtain measured target
Image.
Target of the present utility model can be a specific pattern or the continuous power-up target for working on destination object.This
Device is less demanding to target, if using power-up LED or LD light bar as target, can realize 24 hours it is round-the-clock
The characteristics of working, and extract convenient high with the degree of accuracy with characteristic target, certainty of measurement is also accordingly improved.
The trigger signal that trigger control unit 3 is used for needed for providing remote displacement sensor, sensor does not work usually, only
Have when extraneous trigger signal arrives, displacement transducer is just started working, and reduces the pressure of data storage and data transfer.Far
Journey communication unit 4 couples with treatment memory cell 6, for the long-range transmission of view data.
Remote communication unit 4 can have for mobile radio network transport modules or optical cable etc. such as wireless GPRS system, 3G, 4G
Line Transmission system, transmits measurement result to the night shift room of distal end, and meeting long-range unattended round-the-clock field work will
Ask.
The utility model is used for large scale structure composition deformation or the specific measuring process of displacement parameter is as follows：
[1] install：Measurement target drone and benchmark parallel target are installed on large structure, wherein measurement target drone is arranged on to be measured
Point position, benchmark parallel target is arranged on deformation or the negligible region of change in displacement；
[2] measure：Open imaging system so that benchmark parallel target and measurement target drone are in the different positions of the sensitivity unit of imaging system
Imaging is put, the shift value of benchmark parallel target and measurement target drone is obtained.
[3] calibrate：Data processing is carried out to imaging system, the shift value of benchmark parallel target and measurement target drone is obtained；And according to
The positional value of benchmark parallel target, the shift value to measurement target drone is modified calibration, deducts imaging system because of itself installation foundation position
The measurement error that shipper pole comes, obtains the real displacement value of measurement point where measurement target drone.
Calibration steps wherein in step [3] includes：
[3.1] the change in location value according to measurement target drone, and combine the distance between measurement target drone and imaging system, imaging
The optical parametric of system, the shift value x1 of the measurement point where being calculated measurement target drone；
[3.2] the change in location value according to benchmark parallel target, and combine the distance between benchmark parallel target and imaging system, imaging
The optical parametric of system, is calculated the basis displacement value x0 of imaging system；
[3.3] the displacement x 11=x1-x0 of calibrated rear measurement point.
Wherein step [3.3] is that the displacement of measurement target drone is calibrated, overcome because of the displacement of imaging system installation foundation or
The error that deformation causes, because benchmark parallel target is fixed on deformation or the negligible region of change in displacement on large structure, therefore it is surveyed
The shift value for measuring can be equivalent to the displacement of imaging system own foundation generation, deducted and just obtain measurement target drone institute
Measurement point real displacement value, it is on the occasion of being downwards negative value to calculate middle position and shift to.
The utility model is applied in bridge displacement detection, and the range of current measurable displacement is 10m grades, measurement
Precision reaches 0.1mm grades, and temporal resolution is 100ms.
Claims (8)
1. the self-calibration measurement apparatus of large scale structure composition deformation or displacement parameter, including data processing centre, imaging system are used for
System (12) and the measurement target drone (13) no less than in large structure (11) measurement point, it is characterised in that：Also
Benchmark parallel target (14) including deformation or the negligible region of change in displacement on large structure (11), described basic target
Mark (14) and measurement target drone (13) are imaged on the diverse location of the sensitivity unit of imaging system (12), and data processing centre obtains into
After as the measurement result of system, according to benchmark parallel target and the measurement result of measurement target drone, the displacement or change of measurement point are calculated
Shape parameter.
2. according to claim 1 for large scale structure composition deformation or the self-calibration measurement apparatus of displacement parameter, it is special
Levy and be：Described large structure (11) includes bridge, dam, tunnel, slope and building construction.
3. according to claim 1 for large scale structure composition deformation or the self-calibration measurement apparatus of displacement parameter, it is special
Levy and be：Described imaging system (12), measurement target drone (13) and benchmark parallel target (14) are fixed on by the pole of different length
On large structure so that measurement target drone (13) and benchmark parallel target (14) are on the diverse location of the sensitivity unit of imaging system (12)
Imaging.
4. according to claim 1 for large scale structure composition deformation or the self-calibration measurement apparatus of displacement parameter, it is special
Levy and be：Described benchmark parallel target (14) and measurement target drone (13) is pattern or the power-up target of continuous work.
5. according to claim 4 for large scale structure composition deformation or the self-calibration measurement apparatus of displacement parameter, it is special
Levy and be：Described power-up target is LED the or LD light bar for lining up definite shape.
6. according to claim 1 for large scale structure composition deformation or the self-calibration measurement apparatus of displacement parameter, it is special
Levy and be：Described imaging system will be surveyed by wireless GPRS system, mobile radio network transport module or optical cable transmission system
Amount result is transmitted to data processing centre.
7. according to claim 1 for large scale structure composition deformation or the self-calibration measurement apparatus of displacement parameter, it is special
Levy and be：Described imaging system includes that optical lens (1), imageing sensor (2), core control function unit (5), treatment are deposited
Storage unit (6) and remote communication unit (4)；Described imageing sensor (2) is CCD or cmos sensor, described core control
Functional unit (5) processed includes trigger signal detection module, image data acquiring module, image gray processing and Zoom module and target
Characteristics of image lifts and identification module, for the treatment and identification of target image；Described treatment memory cell (6) and core control
Functional unit (5) processed is connected, for the storage and treatment of view data；Described remote communication unit (4) is single with treatment storage
First (6) connection, for the long-range transmission of view data.
8. according to claim 1 for large scale structure composition deformation or the self-calibration measurement apparatus of displacement parameter, it is special
Levy and be：Described imaging system (12) is CCD cameras or cmos sensor.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106091946A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-11-09 | 西安敏文测控科技有限公司 | Self-calibration measurement apparatus and method for bridge deformation or displacement parameter |
| CN106197287A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-12-07 | 西安敏文测控科技有限公司 | Self-calibration measurement apparatus and method for large scale structure composition deformation or displacement parameter |
| CN110645901A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-01-03 | 靳鸣 | Building engineering dynamic monitoring system and using method |
| CN114370817A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-19 | 中国测试技术研究院机械研究所 | Device and method for calibrating ball arm instrument |
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2016
- 2016-08-03 CN CN201620834141.8U patent/CN206223096U/en active Active
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106091946A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-11-09 | 西安敏文测控科技有限公司 | Self-calibration measurement apparatus and method for bridge deformation or displacement parameter |
| CN106197287A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-12-07 | 西安敏文测控科技有限公司 | Self-calibration measurement apparatus and method for large scale structure composition deformation or displacement parameter |
| CN106091946B (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2018-10-02 | 西安敏文测控科技有限公司 | Self-calibration measuring device and method for bridge deformation or displacement parameter |
| CN106197287B (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2018-10-02 | 西安敏文测控科技有限公司 | Self-calibration measuring device and method for large scale structure composition deformation or displacement parameter |
| CN110645901A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-01-03 | 靳鸣 | Building engineering dynamic monitoring system and using method |
| CN114370817A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-19 | 中国测试技术研究院机械研究所 | Device and method for calibrating ball arm instrument |
| CN114370817B (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2023-08-15 | 中国测试技术研究院机械研究所 | Device and method for calibrating club instrument |
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