Specific embodiment
This utility model is further described in conjunction with drawings and Examples.These accompanying drawings are only illustrated in a schematic manner
Basic structure of the present utility model, therefore only show the construction relevant with this utility model.
Fig. 1 generally show the schematic diagram according to danger wastes pretreatment system of the present utility model, and which mainly wraps
Include coarse powder material danger wastes pretreatment unit 1, solid-state danger wastes pretreatment unit 2, extraordinary danger wastes pretreatment
Unit 3 and liquid hazardous waste pretreatment unit 4, they are respectively used to coarse powder material danger wastes, solid-state dangerous waste
Thing, extraordinary danger wastes and liquid hazardous waste carry out pretreatment.
Herein, coarse powder material danger wastes refer to its most of material for being included be smaller in size than or equal to 50 ×
50 × 80mm, such as particulate material or powder danger wastes;Solid-state danger wastes generally refer to size more than 50 × 50 ×
The solid-state danger wastes of 80mm.
Paste danger wastes are generally sticky semisolid, and feature is that viscosity is strong and poor fluidity, most of tool
Irritant abnormal smells from the patient and have toxicity.The paste danger wastes of organic are relatively conventional, wherein the content of benzene, phenol and chlorine compared with
Height, for example, paint.
Also there are some paste danger wastes under normal temperature state (less than 20 DEG C) in solid-state, present after temperature is uprised
Mobility and becoming relatively is glued (such as soften at 30 DEG C), for example essence, the residue of distillation.
Extraordinary danger wastes include solid-state danger wastes, liquid hazardous waste and the paste dangerous waste of special type
The characteristics of thing etc., this kind of material is that chemical property is more enlivened, and is easily reacted with other materials, and has Strong oxdiative
Property, hypertoxicity or explosive, such as trivalent cobalt salt, peroxide, cyanide, perhalide etc., these material demand quilts
Isolation processing, to avoid blast or vigorous reaction occurs with other materials.
Accompanying drawing is combined further below, each to the danger wastes pretreatment system of embodiment of the present utility model
Unit is described in detail.
Fig. 2 shows coarse powder material danger wastes pretreatment unit 1.The coarse powder material danger wastes pretreatment unit 1 is used
A small amount of solid-state danger wastes included in separation coarse powder material danger wastes, the modeling being for example contained in coarse powder material
The objects such as material, packing cratess.
The coarse powder material danger wastes pretreatment unit 1 includes that coarse powder material receives storehouse 11, coarse powder material belt conveyor 12, sub-material
Sieve 13, siftage belt conveyor 14, oversize belt conveyor 15 and siftage feed bin 16.
Coarse powder material receives storehouse 11 to be used to receive the coarse powder material danger wastes shipped from outside.Coarse powder material belt conveyor 12
(the coarse powder material belt conveyor is by climbing belt) divides for receiving the coarse powder material received in storehouse 11 and being transported to be located at coarse powder material
In elevator (not shown) before material screen (such as drum screen) 13, and coarse powder material danger wastes pass through the elevator
It is thus lifted in sizing screen 13.For sieving to coarse powder material, (fines, it is dangerous useless which accounts for coarse powder material to siftage to sizing screen 13
The major part of gurry) it is transported in siftage feed bin 16 via siftage belt conveyor 14, (coarse fodder, which only accounts for slightly oversize
The sub-fraction of powder danger wastes) to be transported to solid-state via oversize belt conveyor 15 and belt conveyor 21 dangerous useless
Processed in gurry pretreatment unit 2 again (be broken).
Coarse powder material danger wastes pretreatment unit also includes desiccation machine (not shown), for by inorganic sludge class thing
Matter carries out mummification (drying) process.Specifically, before desiccation machine is arranged on coarse powder material reception storehouse 11, for 70-80% will be contained
The inorganic sludge class material of moisture carry out mummification, be transported to the reception of coarse powder material through the inorganic sludge class material of drying and other treatment
Storehouse 11.
Coarse powder material danger wastes pretreatment unit 1 also includes tramp iron separator (not shown).The tramp iron separator includes endless-belt,
The endless-belt is moved around oversize belt conveyor 15.Electric magnet is provided with above endless-belt, by oversize
Ferrum be adsorbed onto on the endless-belt.When endless-belt runs to the top of oversize belt conveyor 15, will sieve by magnetic force
Ferrum in upper thing is adsorbed onto on endless-belt, when endless-belt runs to the lower section of oversize belt conveyor 15, due to magnetic force
Disappear, therefore the ferrum for being adsorbed falls from endless-belt and separately collected.
Fig. 3 is shown for Large Solid State danger wastes are carried out with broken solid-state danger wastes pretreatment unit 2.
The solid-state danger wastes pretreatment unit 2 includes that elevator 22, disintegrating machine 23 (are shearing in the present embodiment
Formula disintegrating machine, and it is set to altogether two) and solid-state danger wastes belt conveyor 24.
Need broken solid-state danger wastes to pass through warehousing system and fork truck and danger wastes are pressed into wanting for compatibility calculating
Seek out, processed in elevator 22 is fed to shear crusher 23, the grain of the solid-state danger wastes after crushing
Footpath is less than or equal to 50 × 50 × 80mm.Solid-state danger wastes after broken pass through 24 He of solid-state danger wastes belt conveyor
Collect belt 25 to be transported in agitating device (not shown), and in agitating device with coarse powder material danger wastes (from
Stored siftage in siftage feed bin 16) and paste danger wastes (heated dissolve after paste danger wastes)
It is transported to after molding in storage warehouse 6 together.
The disintegrating machine 23 of solid-state danger wastes pretreatment unit 2 also includes dust-precipitator (not shown), broken for collecting
During the dust that produces, and by the collected dust with it is broken after solid-state danger wastes together be transported to storage warehouse 6
In and do not carry out outer row.
Coarse powder material danger wastes are transported to from siftage feed bin 16 according to the calorific value compatibility of Central Control Room and collect belt 25.
Meanwhile, before storage warehouse 6 (such as on agitating device) be provided with Calx feeding device (addition Calx it is presetting to play
The effect of pH value), the Calx from lime silo 5 is passed through into metering according to the calorific value compatibility of Central Control Room by the Calx feeding device
Equipment is being added.
Although not shown in figure, including that paste is dangerous useless according to danger wastes pretreatment system of the present utility model
Gurry pretreatment unit.The paste danger wastes pretreatment unit mainly includes heater and filter.
Being transported in heater together with container from the paste danger wastes of warehousing system carries out adding
Heat.Heater is for example heated to the container for being contained with paste danger wastes by electrically heated mode, so as to
By hold in a reservoir in solid-state or semi-solid paste danger wastes to be changed into mobility strong and be difficult what which was contacted
Object forms the liquid of bonding.
Then, the paste danger wastes being in a liquid state are poured in filter from container.In the filter, to heating
Paste danger wastes afterwards are filtered to carry out solid-liquid separation.The paste danger wastes being in a liquid state are transported to into solid-state danger
Carry out into together with solid-state danger wastes and coarse powder material danger wastes in the agitating device of dangerous garbage pretreatment system
Type.Solid matter included in paste danger wastes is transported to into the disintegrating machine in solid-state danger wastes pretreatment unit
Carry out break process.
Fig. 4 shows extraordinary danger wastes pretreatment unit 3, and the extraordinary danger wastes pretreatment unit 3 includes point
Chartered plane 31,32 and suspention supply unit 7.Subpackaging machine 31,32 carries out subpackage for concentrating the extraordinary danger wastes that transport comes
(being separately packaged into fractional pack, for example, be dispensed in little air-tight bottle or tank), and will be the fractional pack after subpackage extraordinary dangerous useless
Gurry is transported in CIU by suspending supply unit 7 in midair.
The good fractional pack special type danger wastes of subpackage are stored at storage part 33.
Fractional pack special type danger wastes are transported in suspention supply unit 7 at predetermined intervals by allotter 34,
It is transported in CIU via suspention supply unit 7 again and is burned.
In the present embodiment, allotter 34 is rotating disk allotter.The rotating disk allotter 34 includes multiple separated from one another
Receiving chamber, with receive in receiving chamber from storage part 33 convey come fractional pack special type danger wastes.The rotating disk distributes
Device 34 is rotated with certain speed, the fractional pack for being received special type danger wastes is assigned to suspention conveying in batches single
In unit 7.
Suspention supply unit 7 is suspended chain supply unit in the present embodiment, and which can also be other types of certainly
Supply unit.
Suspention supply unit 7 is main to include suspention case 71 and suspended chain 72.Suspended chain 72 is circulated fortune with certain speed
It is dynamic.Suspention case 71 is suspended in suspended chain 72 to transport from the distribution of rotating disk allotter 34 the packaging special type danger wastes for coming.
Fractional pack special type danger wastes at storage part 33 are allocated the process into suspention supply unit 7 such as
Under:Fractional pack special type danger wastes are respectively delivered in each receiving chamber of rotating disk allotter 34;Rotating disk allotter 34 is taken
Rotated with fractional pack special type danger wastes;The speed of service of rotating disk allotter 34 is configured to the fortune with suspended chain 72
Scanning frequency degree is consistent, so as to reach when one of suspention case 71 during the position at 34 place of rotating disk allotter, in rotating disk allotter 34
Entrained fractional pack special type danger wastes are fairly fallen in the suspention case 71 from slide carriage, thus carry out fractional pack extraordinary dangerous
Garbage is to the distribution suspended in midair in case 71.
Suspended chain 72 carries suspention case 71 and runs in an annular fashion, and when suspention case 71 reaches the kiln of CIU
When at 8, lance (not shown) is provided with kiln hood 8, the lance bumps against the bottom of suspention case 32 so that suspention case 71 is turned over
Turn, so that fractional pack therein special type danger wastes are fallen in kiln hood 8, case 71 is then suspended in midair by gravity reduction, and after
Continuous operation downwards transports fractional pack special type danger wastes to circulate.
Fig. 5 shows liquid hazardous waste pretreatment unit 4.Liquid hazardous waste pretreatment unit 4 is for liquid
State danger wastes carry out pretreatment, so that liquid hazardous waste is sufficiently mixed consequently facilitating burning.
The liquid hazardous waste pretreatment unit 4 mainly includes receiver 41 (for example, filtering tank), blender 42, breast
Change machine 43 and measuring and dispensing system 44.
Receiver 41 is for carrying out multiple times of filtration, such as filtration of four to Pyatyi by liquid hazardous waste.Single filter
For example, scalping net filtration, to filter out cloth and paper included in liquid hazardous waste etc..The filter screen example of cascade filtration
Such as it is 50 mesh, to filter silt that liquid hazardous waste is included etc..The filter screen of three-stage filtration is, for example, 100 mesh, to filter
Relatively crude material.The filter screen that level Four is filtered is, for example, 200 mesh.
Its drainage screen will take out and be cleaned receiver upon completion of filtration, then recycle safe waste liquid to be filtered,
To ensure safety problem during operation.
The solid-state danger wastes filtered out from liquid hazardous waste carry out break process in being introduced into disintegrating machine.
Liquid hazardous waste after filtration carries out mixture in being introduced into blender 42.
Liquid hazardous waste after mixture is introduced in mulser 43.It is dangerous to liquid useless in mulser 43
Gurry carries out emulsifying, and particularly, liquid hazardous waste carries out high speed centrifugation motion in mulser, and molecule is cut to
Its emulsifying.
Liquid hazardous waste (mixed waste liquor) Jing after emulsifying is temporary in storage tank 45,46 and 47, these three storage tanks
It is respectively used to the different liquid hazardous waste of temporary calorific value.When being transported in incinerator from storage warehouse 6 and suspention supply unit 7
Material calorific value it is relatively low when, measuring and dispensing system 44 takes out liquid from the storage tank for storing high heating value liquid hazardous waste
Danger wastes carry out compatibility therewith, so that the calorific value of the material in incinerator is uniform such that it is able to realize that material fully fires
The purpose of burning, conversely, when the calorific value that the material in incinerator is transported to from storage warehouse 6 and suspention supply unit 7 is higher, metering
Delivery system 44 can take out liquid hazardous waste from the storage tank for storing low heat value liquid hazardous waste and carry out therewith
Compatibility.In addition, the compatibility of material calorific value can be also realized by the dispensing speed for adjusting measuring and dispensing system 44.
The danger wastes pretreatment system is air-tight state and is furnished with ventilating system, and ventilating system is provided with activated carbon
Adsorbent equipment, so that harmful gass will not be excessive, can fully prevent surrounding to be contaminated.
In the pretreatment of danger wastes of the present utility model, for from outside, transport carrys out these coarse powder material dangerous wastes
Thing, solid-state danger wastes, paste danger wastes and liquid hazardous waste, are carried out composition in advance in Central Control Room first
Detection and heat compatibility is carried out to these danger wastes by Central Control Room so that with batch burned into incinerator this
There is the compatibility between a little materials, so as to ensure the safety of burning process, while will also cause each batch of thing into incinerator
The calorific value of material has stability such that it is able to keep fully burning.
For the compatibility of material, refer to two kinds and the above danger wastes mixing should prevent situations below:Produce
Amount of heat or high pressure, produce flame, occur blast, produce inflammable gas, produce toxic gas, violent polyreaction and
The dissolving of noxious substance.In addition to the compatibility between material, the compatibility between material and container is also should ensure that.
For the stability of material calorific value, referring to carries out compatibility to material, so that the calorific value of material is as far as possible between certain
In the range of with reduce auxiliary fuel consumption.The calorific value of material not only affects the consumption of the auxiliary fuel of incinerator, can also shadow
Ring the disposal ability of incinerator.Calorific value is too low, needs to start auxiliary fuel system so that trash burning completely, causes operating cost
Increase;Calorific value is too high, is difficult to control to incinerator furnace temperature, and setting needs to limit furnace temperature with inert substance (excess air, water etc.),
Decline disposal ability simultaneously.Therefore the calorific value of material needs control in an appropriate scope, it is ensured that the Jing of system operation
Ji is reliable.
When compatibility is carried out to material, it is also noted that several situations below:
1) control the content of acid contaminant.Control acid contaminant content with ensure CIU normal operation and
The qualified discharge of tail gas.Halogenated organic not only affects the calorific value of waste, also affect trash burning after content of acid gas and
The operation of smoke processing system, controls the unreasonable generation for also easily causing chlorine, and its corrosivity is bigger.Meanwhile, should during operation
Labor is carried out to material, the hazardous waste that those content of halogen are high, quantity is big should be tried one's best and uniformly burned, and should control whole
Body quantity.
2) content of heavy metal is controlled, to ensure the normal operation of CIU and the qualified discharge of tail gas when burning.
Organic heavy metal class material should control overall quantity and uniformly enter stove burning.Due to the toxicity characteristic of these wastes, typically using bucket
Shape waste enters the mode of stove and processes, and can be controlled in each content and number of times.
3) control the content of phosphorus.In hazardous waste, phosphorus is mainly organic phosphorus compound, burns the P2O5 for producing at 400-700 DEG C
The corrosion for increasing can be produced to metal, if not controlling the content of phosphorus, waste heat boiler service life can be greatly shortened.
4) reduce the uncontrollable discharge of smell substance.The hazardous waste larger for abnormal flavour, what is directly can burned should be reduced
Its compatibility is operated.Not directly burn, volatilize during will strictly controlling its compatibility.
Certainly, described above is not that, to restriction of the present utility model, this utility model is also not limited to the example above,
Change, remodeling, addition or replacement that those skilled in the art are done in essential scope of the present utility model, should also belong to
In protection domain of the present utility model.