CN205946901U - Basalt fiber system coral reef ecological remediation multidimension reefs - Google Patents
Basalt fiber system coral reef ecological remediation multidimension reefs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN205946901U CN205946901U CN201620755982.XU CN201620755982U CN205946901U CN 205946901 U CN205946901 U CN 205946901U CN 201620755982 U CN201620755982 U CN 201620755982U CN 205946901 U CN205946901 U CN 205946901U
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- polygon
- reefs
- basalt
- coral reef
- ecosystem
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/26—Artificial reefs or seaweed; Restoration or protection of coral reefs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The utility model discloses a basalt fiber system coral reef ecological remediation multidimension reefs, including polygon terrace with edge frame or round platform frame, center support subassembly and polygon connector, polygon terrace with edge frame includes equilateral polygon component, outer diagonal brace and the interior diagonal brace of following the last several length of side extremely down and increasing one by one, the diagonal brace was inboard including the polygon connector was established, just with interior diagonal brace rigid coupling, the center support subassembly includes from the last horizontal support pole that even spurious radiation connects to down several center connecting piece, the central connecting piece on and from last to the center pillar of connection center connecting piece down, the utility model discloses have that green, intensity are high, longe -lived, corrosion -resistant, mill's module production, construction period is short, resistance wind -wave capability is strong, the installation of can being under construction under various complicated coral reef geological environment is favorable to coral attached -growth, effectively restores the marine ecology environment.
Description
Technical field
This utility model relates generally to ocean engineering field, is related to a kind of artificial reef body and in particular to a kind of basalt is fine
Tie up the coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs made.
Background technology
International and domestic all the phenomenon that coral reef is degenerated with death, and coral reef large-area death in local marine site affects
To marine ecology system, around the food chain interruption of coral reef, marine organisms drastically reduce, Partial Sea Area becomes zostera marina bed, individual
Other marine site the stage that no fish can catch.Coral reef is caused to have the reason dead：Ocean temperature rising, pest and disease damage, long spine sea
Star, artificial robber are dug Corallium Japonicum Kishinouye, spread in a large number and drag for the zoobenthos and herbivore etc. such as coral reef group Fish, spiral shell, shellfish, ginseng.In Xisha sea
Domain, it has also been found that there being the phenomenon of new little Corallium Japonicum Kishinouye apposition growth on the three-dimensional framework of dead Corallium Japonicum Kishinouye, occurs in that Corallium Japonicum Kishinouye covers naturally existing
As.The restoration of the ecosystem of coral reef is the system engineering of marine ecology Structure reconstitution in fact, by the input of artificial reef body, fixes the sand surely
Gu the measure such as coral debris and three-dimensional framework, propagation zoobenthos, the wild shoal of fish of gathering, transplanting software Corallium Japonicum Kishinouye, form suitable coral
The ecological environment of coral growth, rebuilds biological chain and food chain, can reach coral reef marine site marine ecology system and recovers and ecological association
With reparation dual purpose.
Conventional marine restoration of the ecosystem great majority adopt shipwreck, steel construction reefs, artificial armored concrete reefs structure；Although
The artificial reef body of steel construction is conducive to Corallium Japonicum Kishinouye apposition growth in a short time, causes because seawater corrosion pad comes off after 3～5 years
Collapse；Armored concrete reefs structure is unfavorable for Corallium Japonicum Kishinouye note in 2 years about, is because that artificial armored concrete reefs is sent out with sea water
Alkaline matter is discharged, local pollution sea water is unfavorable for that Corallium Japonicum Kishinouye adheres to, simultaneously internal reinforcing bar corrosion in the seawater after biochemical reaction
Become powder and lose reinforcement effect, whole reinforcing bar reefs concrete powder of detached in the presence of violent typhoon, or even cause to collapse
Collapse, therefore lead to artificial armored concrete reefs to throw in 2 years about no marine organisms and Corallium Japonicum Kishinouyes and be attached on reefs, coral reef
Body skeleton cannot be formed, and be also unfavorable for other marine organisms apposition growths simultaneously, destroys the marine eco-environment in the regular period, short
The purpose of marine ecology reparation is not reached in phase.
Furthermore, all there is no fixed system in traditional armored concrete reefs and clean steel muscle structure artificial reefs, meet strong
After typhoon or sea beat, reefs easily rolls, even overall reefs is flushed away, therefore traditional armored concrete reefs and pure
Bar construction artificial reef body can not be fixed on seabed for a long time.Although it is good that shipwreck mode forms artificial reef body effect, quantity is few, difficult
To form scale effect, the corrosion of steel shipwreck large area even also can pollution of marine environment.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model there is provided one kind and has environmental protection, intensity height, life-span length, corrosion-resistant, factory's mould
Massing produces, the construction period is short, capacity of anti-storm is strong, can construction and installation under various complicated coral reef geological environments, be conducive to
Corallium Japonicum Kishinouye apposition growth, effectively repairs the basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs of the marine eco-environment.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution of the utility model is：A kind of basalt fibre coral reef life is provided
State repairs multidimensional reefs, wherein, including polygon terrace with edge framework or round platform framework, central supported assembly and polygon connector；
Described polygon terrace with edge framework include several length of sides increase one by one from top to bottom equilateral polygon component, be parallel to each other outer tiltedly
Strut and inner oblique stay bars；Wherein, all of outer hound is all vertically respectively provided at the edge of equilateral polygon component, and every
Outer hound is affixed with the corner of each equilateral polygon component respectively, every outer hound and each equilateral polygon component
Junction is all connected with singletree to inner side, and the other end of singletree is affixed with described inner oblique stay bars；Described polygon is even
Junctor is corresponding with equilateral polygon element structure, and polygon connector is located inside inner oblique stay bars, and affixed with inner oblique stay bars；Institute
State central supported assembly and several central connector from top to bottom, the water uniformly connecting to external radiation are included on each central connector
Flat support bar and the center stand column connecting central connector from top to bottom；Described central supported assembly pass through horizontal support bar with
Polygon connector is affixed.
Further, this basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs also includes several extension support feets, often
Wedge shaped support foot that individual extension support feet by supporting table, extends downwardly from supporting table and from the upwardly extending fixed column of supporting table
Constitute, it is affixed with the polygon connector of bottom that extension support feet passes through fixed column.
Further, this basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs described also includes several lateral step lattice
Grid, each step grid is respectively provided at the space that equilateral polygon component, polygon connector and singletree are constituted.
Further, this basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs described also includes several longitudinal step lattice
Grid, longitudinally in each step grid be respectively provided at the space that neighbouring polygon connector is constituted.
Further, described polygon terrace with edge framework or round platform framework, central supported assembly and polygon connector be by
Coat basalt fiber composite material after basalt muscle joints cement again to constitute.
Further, described lateral step grid or longitudinal step grid are by basalt muscle, basalt grid and basalt
Fine-structure mesh is constituted.Every section of basalt muscle diameter is in more than 16mm, a diameter of 3～4mm of basalt grid muscle.
Further, described extension support feet is to coat basalt fiber composite material again by after basalt muscle joints cement
Constitute.
The position of the bottom central connector of described central supported assembly is higher than bottom polygon connector, makes bottom
Layer central connector and bottom polygon connector have difference in height it is ensured that bottom central connector and bottom polygon
Between connector, there is cavity, be adapted to scraggly coral sand seabed.
The all of assembly and connection part of this utility model basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs and steady pin
Son is all made up of basalt fiber composite material.
This utility model basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs has the advantages that：
1st, all by making based on basalt fiber material, section connecting element is by high-strength to this utility model major part structure
Degree resistant material trypsin method basalt fiber composite material is made, and basalt is that volcano magma is formed, and belongs to silicates.Profound
Military rock fiber source, in the Nature, is a kind of green, the high performance fibre material of environmental protection, basalt fibre not only has higher
Mechanical property, corrosion resistance is strong, and cost performance is higher, long service life, does not have secondary pollution.Neither destroy periphery ecological environment,
It is easy to the growth of the sea organism attachment such as Corallium Japonicum Kishinouye, environmental protection, high-strength corrosion-resistant, long service life again.After several years, with seas such as Corallium Japonicum Kishinouyes
Biological long-term procreation superposition, thickness increase inside and outside artificial reef body will be firmer, and capacity of anti-storm will be higher, really form coral
The new reefs of coral reef.
2nd, the three-dimensional skeleton of this utility model basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs, lateral step
Grid or longitudinal step grid provide effectively attachment environment, the space within this utility model reefs simultaneously for the growth of Corallium Japonicum Kishinouye
Vexed place can be provided for marine organisms (wild fish).
3rd, this utility model basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs adopts double-deck or multilamellar (according to height
Different different with the lateral step grid number of plies, the adjustable number of plies designs) hound structure and polygonized structure, make overall reefs
Structure is more firm, more can Anti-Typhoon, wind and wave resistance.
4th, the bottom of this utility model basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs increases prolonging of multiple directions
The exhibition strong point (extension support feet), can be by the wedge shaped support foot insertion sea sand of extension support feet, and enhanced stability improves anti-sea
The ability of wave impact.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is this utility model basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs overall structure diagram；
Fig. 2 is the polygon terrace with edge frame structure of this utility model basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 shows for the central supported modular construction of this utility model basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs
It is intended to；
Fig. 4 is the polygon connector of this utility model basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs and extension
The structural representation that support feet connects；
Fig. 5 illustrates for the extension supporting foot structure of this utility model basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs
Figure；
In figure：11st, equilateral polygon component；12nd, outer hound；13rd, singletree；14th, inner oblique stay bars；21st, center stand column；
22nd, central connector；23rd, horizontal support bar；3rd, polygon connector；41st, fixed column；42nd, supporting table；43rd, wedge shaped support foot；
5th, lateral step grid.
Specific embodiment
In order to describe this utility model this utility model basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs in detail
Technology contents, structural features, below in conjunction with embodiment and coordinate accompanying drawing to be described further.
As shown in Fig. 1,2,3,4,5, this basalt fibre coral reef processed restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs, including polygon terrace with edge
Framework or round platform framework, central supported assembly and polygon connector 3；Described polygon terrace with edge framework includes several from top to bottom
Equilateral polygon component 11, the outer hound 12 being parallel to each other and inner oblique stay bars 14 that the length of side increases one by one；Wherein, all of outer
Hound 12 is all vertically respectively provided at the edge of equilateral polygon component 11, and every outer hound 12 is equilateral with each respectively
The corner of polygonal member 11 is affixed, and every outer hound 12 is all connected to inner side with the junction of each equilateral polygon component 11
It is equipped with singletree 13, the other end of singletree 13 is affixed with described inner oblique stay bars 14；Described polygon connector 3 with equilateral
Polygonal member 11 structure is corresponding (being the equilateral polygon body that several length of sides increase one by one from top to bottom), and polygon connects
Body 3 is located inside inner oblique stay bars 14, and affixed with inner oblique stay bars 14；Described central supported assembly includes several centers from top to bottom
The horizontal support bar 23 that uniformly connects to external radiation on connector 22, each central connector 22 and connect center from top to bottom
The center stand column 21 of connector；It is corresponding with polygon connector 3 that described central supported assembly passes through every horizontal support bar 23
Side face is affixed.
Preferably, this basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs also includes several extension support feets, each
Wedge shaped support foot 43 that extension support feet by supporting table 42, extends downwardly from supporting table 42 and upwardly extending from supporting table 42
Fixed column 41 is constituted, and extension support feet passes through the polygon connector 3 affixed (as shown in Figure 4) of fixed column 41 and bottom.
Preferably, this basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs described also includes several lateral step grids
5, each step grid 5 is respectively provided at the space that equilateral polygon component 11, polygon connector 3 and singletree 13 are constituted.
Lateral step grid 5 is made up of basalt muscle, basalt grid and basalt fine-structure mesh.Every section of basalt muscle diameter 16mm with
On, a diameter of 3～4mm of basalt grid muscle, basalt fine-structure mesh is soft fine-structure mesh.
Preferably, this basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs described can also include several longitudinal steps
Grid (in figure does not indicate), longitudinally in each step grid be respectively provided at the upper and lower corresponding side structure of neighbouring polygon connector
At the space becoming, longitudinal step grid is made up of basalt muscle, basalt grid and basalt fine-structure mesh.Every section of basalt muscle diameter
In more than 16mm, a diameter of 3～4mm of basalt grid.Longitudinal step grid is optionally arranged it is impossible to whole setting seals up
The inner chamber of whole reefs, is easy to provide vexed place and access way for marine organisms (wild fish).
Preferably, described polygon terrace with edge framework or round platform framework, central supported assembly and polygon connector are by profound
Coat basalt fiber composite material after military rock muscle joints cement again to constitute.
For adapting to scraggly seabed plane, this utility model artificial reef body can be buckled in the lobe in seabed, institute
The position stating the bottom central connector of central supported assembly is higher than bottom polygon connector, makes bottom center even
Fitting and bottom polygon connector there is difference in height it is ensured that bottom central connector and bottom polygon connector it
Between there is cavity.I.e. the bottom horizontal support bar of central supported assembly and the polygon connector of layer second from the bottom affixed or with
Polygon connector more than layer second from the bottom is affixed.
Basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs of the present utility model is placed to seabed, the top of reefs
Less than sea level certain depth, throw in 3～15 meters of the profundal zone depth of water in marine site.Artificial reef body adopts multilamellar group in structure design
Close wind and wave resistance and the bearing structure form that framework is combined with central supported assembly, lid wave can be born and Corallium Japonicum Kishinouye attachment is piled up and formed
Pressure, first ensure that the high intensity life-span length of artificial reef body；The diclinic strut of polygon prismatic table shape framework and singletree are easy to
Fast Installation and support lateral step grid, the step grid of multilayer steps laying basalt fibre is conducive to the nature of Corallium Japonicum Kishinouye
Attachment and stable growth, are conducive to Corallium Japonicum Kishinouye can play the effect of inner support skeleton after tying reef and the long-term accumulation of other marine growths.
This utility model increases extension support feet and the vertical supporting of inner oblique stay bars bottom is equal to the bottom that increased artificial ecology reefs
Portion's diameter, increased reefs and can rolls in sea beat, shape in the wedge shaped support foot insertion sea sand of extension support feet
Grip is become to guarantee that artificial reef body will not over-tilting.Set up the pass that strong anchor system is Anti-Typhoon and anti-sea beat
Key, the artificial reef body thrown in flakes is first coupled together by this utility model each other with corrosion-resistant rope, then artificial in flakes
The outside of reefs is thrown in embedded type and is fixed anchor, outside artificial reef body top and bottom is being connected anchor line with fixing anchor line, is being formed
Anchor system guarantees that artificial reef body of the present utility model can be with long-term existence in seabed under the impact of violent typhoon stormy waves.
For meeting the requirement of Anti-Typhoon anti-sea beat, this utility model artificial bio-membrane's reefs structure is according to different waters not
Same landform, may be designed as the little polygon terrace with edge framework in the big top in bottom or round platform framework or irregular shape solid geometry shape,
Meet attachment and the growth demand of variety classes Corallium Japonicum Kishinouye.The structure of round platform framework and the polygon terrace with edge frame of this utility model description
Frame is the same, and simply equilateral polygon component and polygon connector change circular configuration into.This utility model artificial reef
The all reserved mooring hole in the top of body and bottom or ring, are easy to be connected each other with static line and can be with the static line that anchors
It is connected it is therefore an objective to play the effect of overall wind and wave resistance impact.
Described above is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, certainly can not limit this practicality with this new
The interest field of type, the equivalent variations therefore made according to this utility model claim, still fall within what this utility model was covered
Scope.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs it is characterised in that：Including polygon terrace with edge framework or
Round platform framework, central supported assembly and polygon connector；Described polygon terrace with edge framework include from top to bottom several length of sides by
The equilateral polygon component of individual increase, the outer hound being parallel to each other and inner oblique stay bars；Wherein, all of outer hound is all vertical
It is respectively provided at the edge of equilateral polygon component, and every outer hound is solid with the corner of each equilateral polygon component respectively
Connect, the junction of every outer hound and each equilateral polygon component is all connected with singletree to inner side, singletree another
One end is affixed with described inner oblique stay bars；Described polygon connector is corresponding with equilateral polygon element structure, and polygon connects
Body is located inside inner oblique stay bars, and affixed with inner oblique stay bars；Described central supported assembly includes several centers from top to bottom and connects
The horizontal support bar that uniformly connects to external radiation on part, each central connector and connecting from top to bottom in central connector
Heart column；It is affixed with polygon connector that described central supported assembly passes through horizontal support bar.
2. basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that：This basalt
Fiber coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs also includes several extension support feets, each extension support feet by supporting table, from
The support wedge shaped support foot that extends downwardly of platform and constituting from the upwardly extending fixed column of supporting table, extension support feet passes through fixed column
Affixed with the polygon connector of bottom.
3. basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that：The described Black Warrior
Rock fiber coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs also includes several lateral step grids, and each step grid is respectively provided at equilateral
At the space that polygonal member, polygon connector and singletree are constituted.
4. basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that：The described Black Warrior
Rock fiber coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs also includes several longitudinal step grids, and step grid is respectively provided at longitudinally in each
At the space that neighbouring polygon connector is constituted.
5. basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described polygon
Shape terrace with edge framework or round platform framework, central supported assembly and polygon connector are profound by coating after basalt muscle joints cement again
Military rock fibrous composite is constituted.
6. basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs as claimed in claim 3 it is characterised in that：Described horizontal stroke
It is made up of to step grid basalt muscle, basalt grid and basalt fine-structure mesh.
7. basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs as claimed in claim 4 it is characterised in that：Described longitudinal direction
Step grid is made up of basalt muscle, basalt grid and basalt fine-structure mesh.
8. basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs as claimed in claim 2 it is characterised in that：Described extension
Support feet is to be constituted by coating basalt fiber composite material again after basalt muscle joints cement.
9. basalt fibre coral reef restoration of the ecosystem multidimensional reefs as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described center
The position of the bottom central connector of support component is higher than bottom polygon connector.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620755982.XU CN205946901U (en) | 2016-07-15 | 2016-07-15 | Basalt fiber system coral reef ecological remediation multidimension reefs |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620755982.XU CN205946901U (en) | 2016-07-15 | 2016-07-15 | Basalt fiber system coral reef ecological remediation multidimension reefs |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN205946901U true CN205946901U (en) | 2017-02-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201620755982.XU Expired - Fee Related CN205946901U (en) | 2016-07-15 | 2016-07-15 | Basalt fiber system coral reef ecological remediation multidimension reefs |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN205946901U (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105994091A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-10-12 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Basalt fiber cay ecological restoration multi-dimensional reef |
| CN107079840A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-08-22 | 刘小兵 | A kind of seabed coral culture seat |
| CN107083777A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-08-22 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | A kind of rigid support net cage that bucket foundation is combined based on offshore wind turbine |
| CN110476857A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-11-22 | 海南大学 | A kind of the landscape fish shelter and design method of basalt fibre enhancing |
-
2016
- 2016-07-15 CN CN201620755982.XU patent/CN205946901U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105994091A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-10-12 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Basalt fiber cay ecological restoration multi-dimensional reef |
| CN107083777A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-08-22 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | A kind of rigid support net cage that bucket foundation is combined based on offshore wind turbine |
| CN107079840A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-08-22 | 刘小兵 | A kind of seabed coral culture seat |
| CN107079840B (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2019-08-16 | 郑修志 | A kind of seabed coral culture seat |
| CN110476857A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-11-22 | 海南大学 | A kind of the landscape fish shelter and design method of basalt fibre enhancing |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20170215 |