CN205681837U - Efficiently Brassica campestris L transplantation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses efficient Brassica campestris L transplantation device, material storing box front end is provided with the traction apparatus being connected with dynamic power machine, the rear end of material storing box is provided with platform, the lower end of material storing box is provided with ditching device, platform rear end is provided with the charging gear installing shedding mechanism, and charging gear rear end connects has installing rack, installing rack and material storing box lower end to be mounted on wheel, the upper end of installing rack is provided with the watering device installing controller, is provided with by connecting the covering device that seat is connected outside the rear end of watering device；Connecting seat and be provided with up-down adjustment mechanism, up-down adjustment mechanism is realized moving up and down outside watering device rear end by driven by rotary disc gear train；Covering device back side top is provided with the watering tube being connected with rear end, watering device bottom.This utility model substantially reduces labor intensity, simple operation, and transplanting efficiency is high, and seedling percent is high.

Description

Efficiently Brassica campestris L transplantation device

Technical field

This utility model relates to agricultural mechanical equipment field, is specifically related to efficient Brassica campestris L transplantation device.

Background technology

At present, more than 60% dependence on import of China edible oil consumption, rapeseed area and per unit area yield fluctuate, edible oil from Also declining to rate, country's edible oil supply security hidden danger day is aobvious prominent.The main cause causing case above has three aspects: One is the oil content of China's Brassica campestris L and yield needs to be improved further；Two is that the mechanization degree of Rape-seed production is low；Three is special morning Ripe rape variety and production technology lack.The particularly mechanization production degree of Rape-seed production, is only 5% left the most on the whole The right side, labor cost accounts for production cost nearly 50%, adds means of agricultural production cost increase, and income from working outside is significantly greater than kind of ground receipts simultaneously Entering, therefore, the rapeseed cultivation wasted time and energy is not welcome by peasant.

According to the statistical data in National agricultural portion in 2013, single culturing and transplanting seedlings with regard to Yangtze river basin Brassica campestris L dominant area is with live Area be respectively 1,820,000 hectares and about 192.5 ten thousand hectares, culturing and transplanting seedlings is about the same with live area, southern china Double cropping of rice area, Rice-rape rotation still have within considerable time larger area because of before the winter farming season not enough and machinery cannot be used Live, it is necessary to carry out culturing and transplanting seedlings.Meanwhile, because the planting density of Brassica campestris L is relatively big, manual transplanting rape labor intensity is big, efficiency Low, 1 strong labour power's average transplants about 0.8 mu every day, thus causes many peasants to abandon double cropping paddy rice plantation, changes water into Rice-rapeseed cultivation pattern, affects greatly whole nation year Oryza glutinosa total output.Therefore, exploitation high efficiency, the Brassica campestris L of low cost are educated Seedling with transplant new method, be to carry out an arduousness of the crop implantation in large scale such as Brassica campestris L and great task.

The main transplanting machine of current Rape-seed production has following several:

1, clamp type transplanter: this machine is divided into disk clamp type and two kinds of types of chain-clip type, and its operation principle is essentially identical, Difference is that the slew gear of disk clamp type transplanter is rotating disk, and the slew gear of chain-clip type transplanter is for being arranged on Chain on sprocket wheel.During the work of this transplanter, by being manually placed on clamp by rice shoot, rice shoot is with disk or chain row culture circumference Motion, when moving to rice shoot and being perpendicular to the ground, Seedling folder is opened, and rice shoot relies on gravity to fall into plantation ditch, completes to throw Seedling, after throwing Seedling Fixing by naturally returning soil, then by densification wheel compacting.

2, flexible disk formula transplanter: this machine is clamped rice shoot by 2 flexible disk, during transplanter work, manually by seedling Seedling is placed on disk and opens place, when disk forwards accumulation to, by rice shoot clamp, to disk open time, rice shoot falls into plantation ditch, by town I.e. complete after pinch roller earthing to transplant.

3, hanging basket type transplanter: the planting mechanism of this machine is connected on eccentric disc constitute by hanging basket or barrel-shaped planting apparatus. At hanging basket, during highest order, manually place rice shoot, at hanging basket during lowest order, make rice shoot fall into plantation ditch by apparatus control, with After carry out earthing and fix.

4, belt transplanter: this machine is made up of 1 horizontal conveying belt and 1 inclined conveyer belt, and pot seedling is at horizontal conveying belt Upper upright advance, in horizontal feed end of tape overturning on inclined conveyer belt, when pot seedling arrives end of tape, pot seedling overturns 90 ° fall into plantation ditch, complete to transplant behind suppression of soil.

5, after seedling guiding tubular transplanting machine: this is applicable to potted-seedling transplanting, i.e. potted sprout are fallen into plantation ditch by deadweight by conduit Complete to transplant.

6, cup type transplanter is turned round: this owner to be formed by throwing Seedling cup, slew gear and cam mechanism；Rice shoot is put in cup After, slew gear driving, to when throwing Seedling position, throw Seedling cup and controlled to open by cam mechanism, rice shoot has fallen transplanting.

The common defects of above transplanting machine is to be required to manually feed Seedling, and can only be that unit is moved with individual plant (single alms bowl) Planting, labor intensity is big, and transplanting efficiency is on the low side；Meanwhile, Seedling easily hindered by the clamp of clamp type transplanter, easily causes leakage Seedling；Flexible circle It is uneven that disc type transplanter easily causes spacing in the rows；The poor reliability of belt transplanter, transplants quality low；Although seedling guiding tubular transplanting machine No seedling injury, but complicated in mechanical structure, cost is high；Turn round cup type transplanter and also there is the integrity problem of transplanting.

Utility model content

The efficient Brassica campestris L that the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of Brassica campestris L or the higher density close with Brassica campestris L is planted moves Plant device, during solving the transplanting of current Brassica campestris L or similar crop, there is artificial Seedling of feeding and cause labor intensity bigger than normal, individual plant (single root and stem of certain plants) is that unit carries out transplanting the problem causing transplanting efficiency on the low side；Have substantially reduce labor intensity, transplanting efficiency is high, move Plant the advantage that survival rate is high.

Efficiently Brassica campestris L transplantation device, by traction apparatus, wheel, material storing box, platform, ditching device, charging gear, installation Frame, watering device and covering device composition, described material storing box front end is provided with the traction apparatus being connected with dynamic power machine, material storing box Rear end be provided with platform, the lower end of material storing box is provided with ditching device, described platform rear end be provided with install shedding mechanism feed Device, described charging gear rear end connects has installing rack, described installing rack and material storing box lower end to be mounted on wheel, installing rack Upper end is provided with the watering device installing controller, is provided with the earthing being connected by connecting seat and fills outside the rear end of watering device Put；Described connection seat is provided with up-down adjustment mechanism, and up-down adjustment mechanism is realized after watering device by driven by rotary disc gear train Moving up and down outside end；Described covering device back side top is provided with the watering tube being connected with rear end, watering device bottom.

Further, described ditching device, charging gear and covering device are provided with four.

Further, described charging gear is by pushing mechanism, drive mechanism, shedding mechanism, parallel conveying mechanism and inclination Conveying mechanism forms；Described pushing mechanism is made up of power wheel, driven pulley and chain band, and described power wheel is hinged with slide unit, And be connected with drive mechanism, the lower section of described chain band is provided with the panel unit installing seedling pushing plate, described panel unit Make seedling pushing plate increase by built-in magnetoelectric induction to embed in panel unit；Pushing mechanism can be by the most defeated for Caulis et Folium Oryzae rope seedling Deliver to shedding mechanism；It is provided with on the right side of slide unit by the shedding mechanism of driving mechanisms control；Being arranged right below of shedding mechanism is parallel defeated Sending mechanism and the slope conveyor structure being connected with parallel conveying mechanism rear end, shedding mechanism includes two pieces by drive mechanism Control and below centre, Magnet can be provided with in the both sides of the slide plate of 90-degree rotation, described slide unit and shedding mechanism junction；Described Magnet can form comprehensive function with the magnetoelectric induction mechanism in panel unit makes seedling pushing plate rise, and leaves the position promoting seedling band Put；Described parallel conveying mechanism and slope conveyor structure are formed by conveyer belt, drivewheel and driven pulley.

Further, described slope conveyor structure is triangular shape, its conveyer belt upper part be provided with the most respectively in 30 degree and The slope of 60 degree.

Further, described covering device include connection seat, up-down adjustment mechanism, bracing frame, earthing plough, firming plate and Stage clip；Bracing frame is arranged on connection seat, and the lower front part of bracing frame is provided with about two pieces parallel earthing ploughs, bracing frame Rear end, bottom is hinged with the firming plate of about two pieces equalitys, is provided with, in the middle part of described firming plate, the stage clip being connected with bracing frame.

Further, the length of described material storing box is respectively 65-85 centimetre, 60-360 centimetre, 90-120 centimetre；Stand Platform length and width is respectively 50-60 centimetre, 60-360 centimetre；A length of 50-80 centimetre of slide unit, is divided into point face, railway carriage or compartment of more than 2, its A width of 45-60 centimetre of face, railway carriage or compartment, face, each point of railway carriage or compartment has length and width to be respectively 65 centimetres, the children of 3.5 centimetres in the left side of direction of advance Seedling band exports；It is the water tank that 50-200 rises water that watering device is provided with volume, and two earthing plough spacing are 11 centimetres, single earthing Plough width is 3 centimetres, and the width of firming plate is 6 centimetres.

Efficiently the using method of Brassica campestris L transplantation device, sequentially includes the following steps:

The most first the soft seedling culture disc being used for Caulis et Folium Oryzae rope seedling band is stacked on material storing box；

2. the traction apparatus of material storing box front end is connected to dynamic power machine, and regulation connects the up-down adjustment mechanism on seat, will Covering device is adjusted to the position suitably contacted with soil；

3. stand on platform, by the slide unit on charging gear of the seedlings nursing plate transposition in material storing box, when dynamic power machine is opened When beginning to drive traction apparatus, drive mechanism and controller will be started；Caulis et Folium Oryzae rope seedling tape is pushed to unloader by pushing mechanism Structure, shedding mechanism makes Caulis et Folium Oryzae rope seedling band fall parallel conveying mechanism one by one, then makes Caulis et Folium Oryzae rope children through slope conveyor structure Seedling band falls into plantation ditch；After this transplantation device has transplanted whole seedling band of a floppy disk, original place stops 1-2 minute, by workman After changing the seedling band on slide unit in time, the panel unit of pushing mechanism and seedling pushing plate return to the beginning state transplanted, again Start to transplant work；

3. covering device and the watering device of controller are installed, it is achieved function of covering soil and automatic watering function automatically；

When 4. having worked, close drive mechanism and controller, covering device is adjusted to the position away from soil, disconnect Traction apparatus.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

1. pushing mechanism devises slide unit, metal make, unusual light, makes Caulis et Folium Oryzae rope seedling band slide in the above Time, resistance is the least；

2. the pushing mechanism of design can realize the overall promotion gradually moving Caulis et Folium Oryzae rope seedling band, the chain band of this mechanism Side is mounted with 10 panel unit and seedling pushing plate thereof, thus realizes Caulis et Folium Oryzae rope seedling band and automatically achieve the energy of shedding mechanism On the platform of " automatic open-close "；

3. devise panel unit and seedling pushing plate, when seedling pushing plate reaches the connecting line of slide unit and shedding mechanism, pass through The magnetoelectric induction function of panel unit, makes seedling pushing plate rise and embeds in panel unit, it is achieved " seedling pushing plate " disengaging " Caulis et Folium Oryzae rope Seedling carry " position；

4. devising shedding mechanism, this mechanism realizes Caulis et Folium Oryzae rope seedling band and reaches parallel conveyor belts from parallel slide unit, " automatic open-close " of shedding mechanism is two-door, can realize that " opening time about 1 second closes state 4 seconds left under controller action Right " function；

5. devise parallel conveying mechanism and slope conveyor structure, its conveyer belt specification width about 5-8 centimetre, middle 2-4 li Concavely, both sides are slightly higher, it is achieved Caulis et Folium Oryzae rope seedling band can fall into plantation ditch slowly for rice.

6. devising covering device, it includes 2 the earthing ploughs realizing digging to ditch center from plantation ditch both sides, and installs additional , there is certain regulation effect in the firming plate of stage clip, after making Caulis et Folium Oryzae rope seedling band fall into plantation ditch during making firming, it is achieved from Dynamic earthing；

7. significantly reduce the labor intensity transplanting workman, be avoided that phenomenon is planted in the leakage that labor intensity brings greatly simultaneously: this Utility model compares with semi-automatic transplanter, decreases artificial uninterrupted individual plant (or single root and stem of certain plants) and feeds the arduous degree of Seedling, changes letter into Singlely in the way of " banding " transplants small lot seedling (transplanting about 25 strains for 1 time)；

8. transplanting efficiency is high, is typically designed every five seconds for example kind and pushes 1 seedling band, and i.e. average single file is per second transplants 5 young plants left sides The right side, loads and unloads the time of " seedling band " including workman, and average minute clock can transplant 200-250 young plant, is significantly higher than existing semi-automatic The speed of transplanter 40-50 strain/min；

9. seedling percent is high: the mud straw rope of this method is similar to " reinforced concrete " shape, and seedlings root is pricked in mud grass, In the growth course of first about 20 days, nutrition and moisture supply abundance, simultaneously as there is certain air in Caulis et Folium Oryzae rope, can make Seedling robust growth；Mud straw rope seedling band entirety implants plantation ditch, will not damage seedling, and seedling percent is more than 90%, with Time, straw rope can become the organic matter of soil after rotting.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model；

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of charging gear；

Fig. 3 is the side schematic view of pushing mechanism；

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of covering device.

In accompanying drawing: 11, traction apparatus, 111, installing rack, 112, wheel, 12, material storing box, 13, platform, 14, ditching device, 2, charging gear, 21, pushing mechanism, 211, panel unit, 212, seedling pushing plate, 213, drive mechanism, 2111, power wheel, 2112, chain band, 22, shedding mechanism, 221, slide unit, 222, Magnet, 231, parallel conveying mechanism, 232, slope conveyor structure, 2321, conveyer belt, 2322, drivewheel, 2323, driven pulley, 3, watering device, 31, controller, 32, watering tube, 4, earthing dress Put, 41, connect seat, 411, up-down adjustment mechanism, 42, bracing frame, 43, earthing plough, 44, firming plate, 441, stage clip.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with embodiment, detailed description of the invention of the present utility model is described in further detail:

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, efficient Brassica campestris L transplantation device, by traction apparatus 11, wheel 112, material storing box 12, platform 13, Ditching device 14, charging gear 2, installing rack 111, watering device 3 and covering device 4 form, ditching device 14, charging gear 2 Equal with covering device 4 are provided with four, and material storing box 12 front end is provided with the traction apparatus 11 being connected with dynamic power machine, material storing box The rear end of 12 is provided with platform 13, and the lower end of material storing box 12 is provided with ditching device 14, and platform 13 rear end is provided with installation shedding mechanism The charging gear 2 of 22, charging gear 2 rear end connects has installing rack 111, installing rack 111 and material storing box 12 lower end to be mounted on wheel Son 112, the upper end of installing rack 111 is provided with the watering device 3 installing controller 31, is provided with and passes through outside the rear end of watering device 3 Connect the covering device 4 that seat 41 is connected；Connecting seat 41 and be provided with up-down adjustment mechanism 411, up-down adjustment mechanism 411 is by rotating disk Driven gear group realizes moving up and down outside watering device 3 rear end；Covering device back side top is provided with and watering device 3 times The watering tube 3 that rear end, portion is connected.

Its charging gear 2 is by pushing mechanism 21, drive mechanism 213, shedding mechanism 22, parallel conveying mechanism 231 and tilts Conveying mechanism 232 forms；Pushing mechanism 21 is made up of power wheel 2111, driven pulley 2323 and chain band 2112, power wheel 2111 Being hinged with slide unit 221, and be connected with drive mechanism 213, the lower section of chain band 2112 is provided with the control installing seedling pushing plate 212 Slab element 211, panel unit 211 makes seedling pushing plate 212 rise in embedding panel unit 211 by built-in magnetoelectric induction； Caulis et Folium Oryzae rope seedling can be transported to shedding mechanism 22 by pushing mechanism 21 one by one；It is provided with on the right side of slide unit 221 and is controlled by drive mechanism 213 The shedding mechanism 214 of system；Shedding mechanism 214 be arranged right below parallel conveying mechanism 22 and with after parallel conveying mechanism 231 The slope conveyor structure 232 that is connected of end, shedding mechanism 214 includes two pieces and is controlled by drive mechanism 213 and can be under centre The slide plate of side's 90-degree rotation, slide unit 221 is provided with Magnet 222 with the both sides of shedding mechanism junction；Magnet 222 can be with panel list Magnetoelectric induction mechanism in unit 211 forms comprehensive function makes seedling pushing plate 212 rise, and leaves the position promoting seedling band；Parallel defeated Mechanism 231 and slope conveyor structure 232 is sent to be formed by conveyer belt 2321, drivewheel 2322 and driven pulley 2323.

Slope conveyor structure 232 is in triangular shape, and its conveyer belt 2321 upper part is provided with the most respectively in 30 degree and 60 degree Slope；Covering device 4 includes connection seat 41, up-down adjustment mechanism 411, bracing frame 42, earthing plough 43, firming plate 44 and stage clip 441；Bracing frame 42 is arranged on connection seat 41, and the lower front part of bracing frame 42 is provided with about two pieces parallel earthing ploughs 43, The rear end, bottom of bracing frame 42 is hinged with the firming plate 44 of about two pieces equalitys, is provided with and is connected with bracing frame 42 in the middle part of firming plate 44 The stage clip 441 connect.

The length of material storing box 12 is respectively 65-85 centimetre, 160-195 centimetre, 90-120 centimetre；Platform 13 length and width It is respectively 50-60 centimetre, 160-195 centimetre；Slide unit 221 is about 50-80 centimetre, wide about 45-60 centimetre, is divided into 2-6 point Face, railway carriage or compartment, face, each point of railway carriage or compartment has length and width to be respectively 65 centimetres, the seedling band outlet of 3.5 centimetres in the left side of direction of advance；Water dress Putting 3 water tanks being provided with volume about 50-200 liter water, two earthing are ploughed 43 width and are 3-5 centimetre, the width of firming plate 44 5 centimetres Left and right.

This utility model with utility model patent " nursery with transplant floppy disk " (application number or Patent No.: 201521091485.6) based on, the nursery that use nursery basket is separated with nursery base plate and transplanting floppy disk, start in transplanting Time, the nursery basket first cultivation having Caulis et Folium Oryzae rope seedling carry transports material storing box together with nursery base plate, then by nursery base plate After disengaging, Caulis et Folium Oryzae rope seedling band is made uniformly fixedly to install on slide unit plate, planting mechanism 2 blocks of slide unit plates of configuration of every 1 row, in order to 1 piece operationally, and another block can realize hand charging.

After drive mechanism on slide unit often rotates 3 centimetres (consistent with the width of seedling band), stop about 4 seconds, again open Begin to rotate, each cycle rotation 10 times, i.e. promote 10 seedling bands to fall into conveyer belt from outlet；The direction that conveyer belt advances is the most right Plantation ditch, the speed that conveyer belt moves is about 15 cels, it is ensured that 4 second time, 1 seedling band is conveyed into plantation ditch, The speed that watering device waters is 0.5 liter of water of drippage per minute, stops watering when car stops；Earthing plough can realize relatively digging, The most all corresponding edges to plantation ditch are digged, the angle adjustable of tiltedly hanging down of bracing frame, are placed in plantation ditch both sides, two earthing plough width Degree is for 3-5 centimetre, and at a distance of 10-15 centimetre, embedded depth is 3-6 centimetre, width 5 cm of firming plate.

The above is only preferred implementation of the present utility model, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of this area For Yuan, on the premise of without departing from this utility model know-why, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improve and Retouching should also be as being considered as within protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (6)

1. efficient Brassica campestris L transplantation device, it is characterised in that by traction apparatus, wheel, material storing box, platform, ditching device, feed dress Put, installing rack, watering device and covering device composition, described material storing box front end be provided be connected with dynamic power machine traction dress Putting, the rear end of material storing box is provided with platform, and the lower end of material storing box is provided with ditching device, and described platform rear end is provided with installation unloader The charging gear of structure, described charging gear rear end connects has installing rack, described installing rack and material storing box lower end to be mounted on wheel, The upper end of installing rack is provided with the watering device installing controller, is provided with by connecting what seat was connected outside the rear end of watering device Covering device；Described connection seat is provided with up-down adjustment mechanism, and up-down adjustment mechanism is realized watering by driven by rotary disc gear train Moving up and down outside device rear end；Described covering device back side top is provided with and watering that rear end, watering device bottom is connected Pipe.

Efficient Brassica campestris L transplantation device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described ditching device, charging gear and Covering device is provided with four.

Efficient Brassica campestris L transplantation device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described charging gear by pushing mechanism, Drive mechanism, shedding mechanism, parallel conveying mechanism and slope conveyor structure composition；Described pushing mechanism is by power wheel, driven pulley Forming with chain band, described power wheel is hinged with slide unit, and is connected with drive mechanism, and the lower section of described chain band is provided with peace The panel unit of dress seedling pushing plate, described panel unit makes seedling pushing plate rise by built-in magnetoelectric induction and embeds panel list In unit；Caulis et Folium Oryzae rope seedling can be transported to shedding mechanism by pushing mechanism one by one；It is provided with by driving mechanisms control on the right side of slide unit Shedding mechanism；Shedding mechanism be arranged right below parallel conveying mechanism and defeated with the inclination that parallel conveying mechanism rear end is connected Send mechanism, shedding mechanism include two pieces by driving mechanisms control and can below centre the slide plate of 90-degree rotation, described slide unit It is provided with Magnet with the both sides of shedding mechanism junction；Described Magnet can be formed comprehensively with the magnetoelectric induction mechanism in panel unit Effect makes seedling pushing plate rise, and leaves the position promoting seedling band；Described parallel conveying mechanism and slope conveyor structure are by conveying Band, drivewheel and driven pulley composition.

Efficient Brassica campestris L transplantation device the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described slope conveyor structure is triangle Shape, its conveyer belt upper part is provided with the most respectively in 30 degree and the slope of 60 degree.

Efficient Brassica campestris L transplantation device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described covering device includes connection Seat, up-down adjustment mechanism, bracing frame, earthing plough, firming plate and stage clip；Bracing frame is arranged on connection seat, the bottom of bracing frame Front end is provided with about two pieces parallel earthing ploughs, and the rear end, bottom of bracing frame is hinged with the firming plate of about two pieces equalitys, institute State and in the middle part of firming plate, be provided with the stage clip being connected with bracing frame.

Efficient Brassica campestris L transplantation device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the length of described material storing box is respectively For 65-85 centimetre, 60-360 centimetre, 90-120 centimetre；Platform length and width is respectively 50-60 centimetre, 60-360 centimetre；Slide unit is long For 50-80 centimetre, being divided into point face, railway carriage or compartment of more than 2, a width of 45-60 centimetre of its face, railway carriage or compartment, face, each point of railway carriage or compartment is in direction of advance Left side have length and width to be respectively 65 centimetres, the seedling band of 3.5 centimetres outlet；It is that 50-200 rises water that watering device is provided with volume Water tank, two earthing plough spacing are 11 centimetres, and single earthing plough width is 3 centimetres, and the width of firming plate is 6 centimetres.