CN205680751U - A kind of battery thermal runaway detecting system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The utility model relates to new energy car battery safety monitoring technology field, particularly relates to a kind of battery thermal runaway detecting system.It includes intelligence instrument, background monitoring center and is arranged at thermal runaway detector within battery case, it is characterised in that described thermal runaway detector includes data acquisition unit and master control set；Described data acquisition unit is for gathering the current thermal runaway parameter of each detection node within battery case and sending described master control set to；Described master control set includes core cpu processing module, communication transmission module, execution device control module；The utility model further relates to a kind of battery thermal runaway detection method, including judge whether flame value is more than or equal to flame threshold set in advance；Carry out data filtering process to temperature, gas and smog parameter, extract characteristic value；By above-mentioned parameter integrated treatment, determine that starting extinguishing device puts out a fire or provide early warning signal.Provide the benefit that: make detecting system energy accurate assurance put out a fire opportunity, hidden danger can be made to dispose in time.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to new energy car battery safety monitoring technology field, particularly relates to a kind of battery thermal runaway inspection
Examining system.
Background technology
Burning that the security incident of electric automobile causes essentially from battery thermal runaway or blast, battery is as electric automobile
Energy-storage units, if its energy is by burning or blast release, power and huge, easily cause casualties.Battery heat
Out of control causing the reason that burning or blast is that the heat that certain battery core thermal runaway is formed cannot effectively distribute, and flock together formation
Hot environment causes adjacent battery core to produce chain thermal runaway, and heat continues to build up then, causes burning or blast.If in thermal runaway
Heat is effectively distributed or is guided in early days, then the thermal runaway of battery can be avoided, and this may certify that in test in correlative study.
Problematically, battery energy storage is too many, there is no a kind of material at present or technology can be by so many heat absorption in the short time
Fall or distribute.The application of extinguishing medium is to apply more a kind of technological means at present, its object is to avoid naked light
Conflagration that the heat causing quickly spreads and causes or blast so that the burning of whole battery bag is postponed occurring, be occupant
Strive for escape time.The detection technique of development battery early warning is to provide the reaction time of personnel, it is to avoid because cell loses
It is extremely critical for imitating and pass to other batteries causing bigger suffering disaster.Accordingly, it would be desirable to one economic, practical, effectively examine
Examining system can detect that battery is in thermal runaway and carries out thermal runaway suppression or fire to battery when being necessary in early days
Calamity controls, and needs extremely low rate of false alarm and misoperation rate to avoid causing unnecessary fear and loss.
In the system of prior art, general has following two mode to realize early warning.
One is that thermal runaway detects (tens to hundreds of Zhi Dan by the contact between battery compartment electrode and temperature sensor
In one battery bag of body battery core composition, general setting is less than 8 temperature sensors).Its shortcoming is even only one
During cell generation thermal runaway, it is also necessary to the battery location that temperature sensor is arranged in all cells detects.No
Then, if temperature sensor is only arranged at one or several electrode, away from the heat mistake of the cell generation of temperature sensor
Just can be detected in the case of control only below: i.e. have the substantial amounts of heat that be enough to arrive at temperature sensor to come out.
But when the temperature sensor away from fault cell detects that temperature changes, now the cell of fault can energy loss
Bad, even feed through to periphery cell, it is possible to defined irremediable loss.Because in fail battery heat
Under heat effect out of control, the cell adjacent with hot stall battery has met or exceeded and has caused it to cause the external world of thermal runaway
Temperature conditions, i.e. thermal runaway chain reaction has been formed, in some instances it may even be possible to cause extremely swift and violent fire.Existing known system is led to
Cross and dispose as far as possible many temperature sensors solving these problems, but this can cause system cost prohibitively expensive, installs more
Complexity, and due to extremely numerous and diverse wire harness, this reliability reducing again battery pack and security.
Two is that smog by not contacting with battery core is or/and temperature sensor detects thermal runaway.Big in sensor values
When certain threshold value, start extinguishing device, or judge that the time interval that thermal runaway is burnt occurs by certain algorithm.Its shortcoming exists
In the later stage that can not accurately judge thermal runaway, i.e. can not detect that thermal runaway causes the possibility that burning occurs, can not
Precognition causes the exact time of burning, thus can not provide foundation accurately for the injection of extinguishing chemical.
In sum, existing battery thermal runaway detection is mainly accomplished by: utilize temperature, monomer voltage change
Or/and Smoke Sensor detection, determined warning level by setting threshold value or Algorithm Analysis and start cooling or extinguishing device.Its
Shortcoming: the 1st, can only judge that thermal runaway causes the approximate time scope of burning by data analysis, it is impossible to determine the standard that naked light occurs
In the true moment, miss the best opportunity starting cooling/extinguishing device；If 2 select to dispose in advance to strive for opportunity, then may be used
Being formed and process by mistake, as mistake starts fire plant, cause whole battery case impaired, making whole battery case because starting fire extinguishing dress
Put and need to change disposal.
Utility model content
The utility model, for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of battery heat that can confirm that naked light time of origin to lose
Control detecting system.
The technical scheme that the utility model solves above-mentioned technical problem is as follows: a kind of battery thermal runaway detecting system, including
Intelligence instrument, background monitoring center and be arranged at thermal runaway detector within battery case, it is characterised in that described thermal runaway is visited
Survey device and include data acquisition unit and master control set；
Described data acquisition unit is for gathering the current thermal runaway parameter of each detection node within battery case and passing
Give described master control set；Described data acquisition unit includes smokescope sensor, gas concentration sensor, temperature sensor
And flame sensor；
There is the exact time of naked light in described flame sensor in being used for detecting battery case, be the suppression hand of later stage thermal runaway
Section offer action foundation；
Described master control set includes core cpu processing module, communication transmission module, execution device control module；
Described core cpu processing module, for receiving the current thermal runaway parameter of data acquisition unit transmission, and to described
Current thermal runaway parameter is analyzed processing to judge whether thermal runaway and monitoring thermal runaway process occur.
Described master control set is additionally operable to when described core cpu processing module judges that thermal runaway occurs in current region, to
Background monitoring center sends thermal runaway warning message.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: in heat such as temperature value, gas concentration value and the smokescope values detecting battery
On the basis of parameter information out of control, merge flame sensor detection flame optical information, be conducive to accurately judging the development of thermal runaway
Stage, particularly thermal runaway later stage, i.e. detection thermal runaway cause the exact time of burning, are the suppression hand of later stage thermal runaway
Section offer action foundation, improves the accuracy rate of thermal runaway detection.Neither miss an opportunity because of a delay, again not because of too early startup extinguishing device
Cause damage.
On the basis of technique scheme, the utility model can also do following improvement.
Further, described communication transmission module is Zigbee wireless transport module, GPRS (General Packet Radio
Service) communication module, CAN (Controller Area Network) interface module or internetwork interface module；
Communication transmission module is used for transmitting own health status, thermal runaway information, action message, and is used for receiving outside life
Order；
Above-mentioned further scheme is used to provide the benefit that, it is simple to the thermal runaway signal in battery case to be transferred to automobile whole
Vehicle controller VCU (Vehicle Control Unit) or battery management system BMS (Battery Management
System)。
Further, described execution device control module, is used for receiving core cpu processing module signal, and to action executing
Device sends voltage, electric current and/or frequency control signal, performs device for starting operation.
Use above-mentioned further scheme to provide the benefit that, perform device transmission enabling signal for giving timely.
Further, described action executing device, including extinguishing device and/or cooling device；
Described extinguishing device is used for receiving the process signal that described master control set sends, and fills according to signal suitable startup fire extinguishing
Put；
Described cooling device, for receiving the process signal that described master control set sends, is used for controlling battery ambient temperature.
Use above-mentioned further scheme to provide the benefit that, corresponding treatment measures can be taked by different advanced warning grades.
Further, described background monitoring center includes computer supervisory control system, vehicle complete vehicle controller VCU and battery management
System BMS；Duty, the alarm signal of master control set, for receiving the signal of master control set, are detected in described background monitoring center
Number and actuating signal, for status information and alarm signal are sent to described intelligence instrument；Described intelligence instrument is used for receiving master
The information of control device or the signal at background monitoring center, send the alarm signal of sound and/or light；
Above-mentioned further scheme is used to provide the benefit that, it is simple to form the battery management system of car load.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is a kind of battery thermal runaway detecting system structural representation of the present utility model；
Fig. 2 a kind of battery thermal runaway detection method FB(flow block) of the present utility model；
Fig. 3 is the curve synoptic diagram of the utility model early warning system；
Fig. 4～Fig. 8 is the utility model thermal runaway detector installation position structural representation in different battery case combinations；
In Fig. 1 to Fig. 8, the 1st, thermal runaway detector；11st, data acquisition unit；12nd, master control set；2nd, action executing dress
Put；3rd, intelligence instrument；4th, background monitoring center；5th, battery management system；19th, wireless；20th, battery case.
Detailed description of the invention
Being described principle of the present utility model and feature below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, example is served only for explaining this practicality
Novel, it is not intended to limit scope of the present utility model.
As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, a kind of battery thermal runaway detecting system, including intelligence instrument the 3rd, background monitoring center 4 and setting
Being placed in the thermal runaway detector 1 within battery case 20, described thermal runaway detector 1 includes data acquisition unit 11 and master control set
12；
Described data acquisition unit 11 is for gathering the current thermal runaway parameter of each detection node within battery case 20
And send described master control set 12 to；Described data acquisition unit 11 includes smokescope sensor, has sensitive nanoparticle
The gas sensor of structure, temperature sensor and flame sensor；
There is the exact time of naked light in described flame sensor in being used for detecting battery case, be the suppression hand of later stage thermal runaway
Section offer action foundation；
Described master control set 11 includes that the 122nd, core cpu processing module the 121st, communication transmission module performs device control module
123；
Described core cpu processing module 121, is used for receiving the current thermal runaway parameter of data acquisition unit 11 transmission, and
It is analyzed to described current thermal runaway parameter processing to judge whether thermal runaway and monitoring thermal runaway process occur.
Described master control set 12 is additionally operable to when described core cpu processing module 121 judges that thermal runaway occurs in current region
When, send thermal runaway warning message to backstage Surveillance center 5.
Described communication transmission module 121 is Zigbee wireless transport module, GPRS communication module, CAN interface module or because of
Special network interface module；Communication transmission module 121 is used for transmitting own health status, thermal runaway information, action message, and is used for connecing
Receive external command；
Described execution device control module 123, is used for receiving core cpu processing module 121 signal, and to action executing dress
Put 2 and send voltage, electric current and/or frequency control signal, perform device 2 for starting operation.
Described action executing device 2, including extinguishing device and/or cooling device；
Described extinguishing device is used for receiving the process signal that described master control set sends, and fills according to signal suitable startup fire extinguishing
Put；
Described cooling device, for receiving the process signal that described master control set sends, is used for controlling battery ambient temperature.
Described thermal runaway detector also has a road interlocking equipment power switch.When detecting battery thermal runaway and occurring,
Can start this power switch, start linkage, such as battery thermal management system, with to battery cooling.
Described background monitoring center 5 includes computer supervisory control system, vehicle complete vehicle controller VCU and battery management system
BMS；Duty, the alarm signal of master control set 12, for receiving the signal of master control set 12, are detected in described background monitoring center 5
Number and actuating signal, for status information and alarm signal are sent to described intelligence instrument 3；Described intelligence instrument 3 is used for receiving
The information of master control set 12 or the signal at background monitoring center 5, send the alarm signal of sound and/or light；
As Figure 4-8, it is the utility model thermal runaway detector 1 installation position structure in different battery cases 20 combinations
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the situation of a battery case, and described thermal runaway detector is arranged in battery case 20, and passes through intelligence instrument
Display detection state；
Fig. 5 is the situation of two or more battery case, is respectively provided with thermal runaway detector 1, and focuses on intelligence in battery case
Instrument 3 is processed；
Fig. 6 is another way, is arranged at thermal runaway detector and battery management system in battery case 20, thermal runaway
Detector transmits signal by battery management system 5 to intelligence instrument；
Fig. 7 is to be respectively provided with thermal runaway detector and battery management system in multiple battery case, and focuses on intelligence instrument
Situation about processing；
Fig. 8 is to be respectively provided with thermal runaway detector in multiple battery case, and by the communication transfer in thermal runaway detector
Detection parameter is transferred to the situation of battery management system and intelligence instrument by module with zigbee communication mode 19.
Using above-mentioned battery thermal runaway detecting system, it is as follows that it specifically controls detection method:
(1), data acquisition unit 11 by Real-time Collection to each detection node current thermal runaway parameter be transferred to CPU
Core processing module 121；Described parameter includes temperature value, gas concentration value, smokescope value and flame parameters；And carry out simultaneously
Following (2nd) and (3rd) step:
(2), judge whether flame value is more than or equal to flame threshold set in advance；It is then to perform (6th) step, otherwise circulate
Perform (1st) step；
(3), core cpu processing module 121 carries out data filtering process to temperature, gas and smog parameter, extracts feature
Value；
(4), whether judging characteristic value is more than or equal to respective threshold set in advance；It is then to perform (5th) step, otherwise circulate
Perform (1st) step；
, when a threshold is exceeded, then determine whether such environmental effects (5)；It is then to perform (6th) step；If this parameter
It is that such environmental effects then circulates execution (1st) step；
(6), by temperature value, smokescope value, the characteristic value of gas concentration value or/and flame parameters integrated treatment, determine
Warning level: when warning level reaches to need to provide when needing of early warning signal, provide early warning signal, and circulate execution (1st)
Step, takes cooling measure simultaneously；If warning level reaches to start the needs of extinguishing device, start while providing early warning signal and go out
Fire device fire extinguishing, and circulate execution (1st) step, take cooling measure simultaneously.
Described (6th) step by temperature value, smokescope value, the characteristic value of gas concentration value or/and flame parameters General Office
Reason, processes step as follows:
(1) basis detects that each current thermal runaway parameter is set up temperature, smokescope and gas concentration and must be become in time
Change curve；
(2) a time period Δ t conduct is determined when described temperature, smokescope and gas concentration all occur and increasing rapidly
High-risk early warning section；
(3) in above-mentioned high-risk early warning section, if be detected that naked light occur in flame sensor data, then fire extinguishing dress is started immediately
Put；If flames of anger signal, show the high-risk warning of relevant parameter.
Below each step is further detailed:
It in above-mentioned (1st) step, is arranged in the thermal runaway detector of each detection node near battery case or battery bag
Data acquisition unit Real-time Collection each detection node current thermal runaway parameter, such as current temperature value, current gas is dense
The parameters such as angle value, current smokescope value and current flare up fire, wherein, the gas of detection is mainly C0, also include O2,
The gases such as C02, C2H2, CH4.Why the utility model detects the current temperature value of battery, current gas concentration value, current cigarette
Mistiness angle value and flame information, be primarily due to these parameters and can characterize the thermal runaway situation of battery.Temperature when battery
Too high or when gas concentration is too high or smokescope is too high, battery is possible to thermal runaway occur.When the spectrum in battery case
During with frequency values in the peculiar frequency band range of flame light, illustrate that battery thermal runaway has caused burning.
Data acquisition unit acquire each detection current temperature value of node near battery, current gas concentration value,
After current smokescope value and flame information, the core cpu processing module being transmitted in master control set, by core cpu
It is analyzed processing by processing module.
Detect according to the corresponding spectrum of flame light and frequency range.If there being naked light to occur in current environment, flame passes
Sensor will detect that and be uploaded to core cpu processing module.
In above-mentioned (2nd) step, core cpu processing module detects, according to each, the number that node flame sensor collects
According to, it may be judged whether there is naked light to occur, if there being naked light to occur, performing (6th) step, otherwise circulating execution (1st) step；
In above-mentioned (3rd) step, each receiving is detected the current temperature value of node, cigarette by core cpu processing module
Mistiness angle value, gas concentration value carry out data filtering process, extract the characteristic value of this sampled data；
In above-mentioned (4th) step, the characteristic value of extraction is compared with corresponding predetermined threshold value, if described characteristic value surpasses
Go out predetermined threshold value, then perform (5th) step；If described characteristic value is without departing from predetermined threshold value, then circulate execution (1st) step；
Even characteristic value exceeds corresponding predetermined threshold value, then show that battery may have occurred thermal runaway, and therefore judgement is again
No for such environmental effects caused by.Described environmental factor such as vehicle is in specific hot environment, or travels in the region of smog again
Etc..
If in addition, N number of current temperature value of continuously detection all exceedes temperature threshold, then judge that thermal runaway occurs in battery can
Energy property is very big, performs (6th) step, determines the exact time that naked light occurs simultaneously, and starting operation execution device is to thermal runaway region
Carrying out thermal runaway control process, wherein, the value of usual N is 2～20, corresponding a period of time, say, that within a period of time,
The temperature value of the battery of detection all exceedes high temperature threshold value, then it represents that battery pole is possible to thermal runaway occur, by current spectrum
Analyse whether further with frequency signal to occur thermal runaway and starting operation to perform the Best Times that device carries out thermal runaway.
In above-mentioned (5th) step, determine whether such environmental effects, if such environmental effects, then circulate execution the
(1) step；If not such environmental effects, then perform (6th) step；
Concrete, utilize the feature extraction value of current all nodes, set up horizontal real time data queue；If in real-time queue
Have one or more data without departing from described predetermined threshold value, then judge that current local data affects as non-ambient factor；If
Horizontal real time data queuing data all beyond described predetermined threshold value, is then judged to such environmental effects；Utilize compound Trend Algorithm
Carry out the Trend judgement of described characteristic value, if each characteristic value is ascendant trend change in the given time, be then judged to non-ambient
Factor affects；If interlude to rear is downward trend change, it is determined that be such environmental effects.
In addition, this method sets the other threshold value of warning of predetermined magnitude respectively to temperature, gas concentration and smokescope, will
The characteristic value extracted compares with the threshold value of warning of corresponding level, when the threshold value of warning exceeding corresponding level and through step S4
When judging not for such environmental effects, send early warning respectively by corresponding rank and starting operation performs device instruction.More enter
Saying of one step, the corresponding warning level of the current temperature value according to current detection node, current gas concentration value are corresponding respectively
Warning level and the corresponding warning level of current smokescope value, sum up the corresponding warning level of current detection node, hold
Row (6th) step.
In above-mentioned (6th) step, warning level that above-mentioned analysis is drawn compare with the testing result of flame sensor,
Eliminate false alarm, report to the police by corresponding warning level and determine that starting operation performs the Best Times of device, thermal runaway region is entered
Row thermal runaway control process.
Determine that the Best Times starting execution device judges that principle is as follows:
As it is shown on figure 3, represent temperature, smokescope and CO concentration in time change curve:
Wherein, 0-t1 section is parameters index section normal time, and system does not warn and do not reports to the police；
T1-t2 section is temperature, gas, smog value appearance exception, it is possible to battery has occurred thermal runaway time period, Qi Zhong
Near t2 point, (see the Δ t time period in Fig. 3) is high-risk early warning section, i.e. extracts characteristic value, warp by temperature, gas, smoke data
Cross analysis and judge it is the time period that i.e. will appear from naked light；
Take how Disposal Measures is then difficult to clearly define according to temperature, gas, smoke data in this time period, be also power
The time period that consequence is difficult to resolution disposed by weighing apparatus.At this moment need flame sensor to provide signal, catch time point i.e. accurately, resolutely
Dispose.
Specific reference to table 1；
Table 1 characteristic value, flare up fire and result of determination mapping table
In table 1, on smog, gas, temperature profile value hurdle, " 1 " represents and comes into above-mentioned high-risk early warning section, and " 0 " is at height
Before the early warning section of position；
On flare up fire hurdle, " 1 " represents and flare up fire, and " 0 " represents without flare up fire；
On final result of determination hurdle, " 1 " represents and performs device according to corresponding warning level starting operation, and " 0 " represents and do not opens
Dynamic execution device, but early warning can be sent.
If there is thermal runaway (being " 1 ") in the Eigenvalues analysis battery being extracted by data such as smog, temperature, gases, and fiery
Flame sensor is not detected by naked light (being " 0 "), then be judged to that not starting operation performs device (being " 0 "), it is to avoid smog etc.
The false alarm that data analysis mistake causes；
If the Eigenvalues analysis battery status being extracted by the data such as smog, temperature is normal, flame sensor detects flame
Optical signal, it is determined that perform device for not starting operation, to get rid of due to disturbing factors such as heat radiation, electromagnetic interference, mechanical oscillation
The flame sensor spurious alarm causing；Because always there being the isoparametric cumulative change of temperature before naked light occurs, therefore inevitable companion
With these abnormal parameters.
If thermal runaway occurs in the Eigenvalues analysis battery being extracted by the data such as smog, temperature, and flame sensor detects
Naked light signal, then perform device by corresponding warning level starting operation, by flame detecting data judge that naked light occurs accurate when
Carving, starting operation performs device and processes thermal runaway.
When " 1 " occurs in any of the above described parameter attribute value, system will provide abnormal prompt signal.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, not in order to limit the utility model, all in this practicality
Within novel spirit and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included in guarantor of the present utility model
Within the scope of protecting.
Claims (5)
1. a battery thermal runaway detecting system, including intelligence instrument, background monitoring center and be arranged at heat within battery case
Detector out of control, it is characterised in that described thermal runaway detector includes data acquisition unit and master control set；
Described data acquisition unit is for gathering the current thermal runaway parameter of each detection node within battery case and sending to
Described master control set；Described data acquisition unit include smokescope sensor, gas concentration sensor, temperature sensor and
Flame sensor；
There is the exact time of naked light in described flame sensor in being used for detecting battery case, be that the suppression means of later stage thermal runaway carry
For action foundation；
Described master control set includes core cpu processing module, communication transmission module, execution device control module；
Described core cpu processing module, for receive data acquisition unit transmission current thermal runaway parameter, and to described currently
Thermal runaway parameter is analyzed processing to judge whether thermal runaway and monitoring thermal runaway process occur.
2. battery thermal runaway detecting system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described communication transmission module is
Zigbee wireless transport module, GPRS communication module, CAN interface module or internetwork interface module.
3. battery thermal runaway detecting system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described execution device control module,
For receiving core cpu processing module signal, and send voltage, electric current and/or frequency control signal to action executing device, use
Perform device in starting operation.
4. battery thermal runaway detecting system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described action executing device, including
Extinguishing device and/or cooling device；
Described extinguishing device is used for receiving the process signal that described master control set sends, and according to signal suitable startup extinguishing device；
Described cooling device, for receiving the process signal that described master control set sends, is used for controlling battery ambient temperature.
5. battery thermal runaway detecting system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described background monitoring center includes meter
Calculate machine monitoring system, vehicle complete vehicle controller VCU and battery management system BMS；Described background monitoring center is used for receiving master control
The signal of device, detects duty, alarm signal and the actuating signal of master control set, for sending shape to described intelligence instrument
State information and alarm signal；Described intelligence instrument, for receiving the information of master control set or the signal at background monitoring center, sends
Sound and/or the alarm signal of light.
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Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106066457A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-11-02 | 烟台创为新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of battery thermal runaway detecting system and detection method thereof |
| CN106569142A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-04-19 | 华中科技大学 | Power lithium ion battery thermal runaway early warning system and early warning method |
| CN106600885A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-04-26 | 智能（厦门）传感器有限公司 | Safety monitoring and early warning system for lithium battery power of new energy automobile and early warning method |
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