CN115842183A - Thermal runaway early warning system and early warning method for lithium ion battery energy storage cabin - Google Patents
Thermal runaway early warning system and early warning method for lithium ion battery energy storage cabin Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses thermal runaway early warning system and early warning method of lithium ion battery energy storage cabin relates to battery safety on-line monitoring technical field, and the thermal runaway early warning system includes: the plurality of detection devices are arranged in the shells of the plurality of battery pack units one by one; the detection device comprises a pressure detection module for monitoring the air pressure in the battery pack unit, a sound detection module for monitoring the sound of the opening process of the cell pressure relief valve and a particle detection module for monitoring the concentration of nano particles in the battery pack unit; the monitoring host is arranged in the battery cluster and is connected with all the detection modules of the plurality of detection devices one by one; the monitoring host is used for receiving monitoring signals of all the detection modules and giving an alarm when receiving abnormal signals. According to the thermal runaway early warning system and the early warning method, each battery pack unit is monitored independently, early warning time can be preset, and early warning accuracy is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of battery safety online monitoring, in particular to a thermal runaway early warning system and method for a lithium ion battery energy storage cabin.
Background
According to incomplete statistics, more than 40 energy storage power stations are subjected to fire and explosion accidents in the world in nearly 10 years. Lithium ion batteries are adopted for more than 90% of accidents, and more than 70% of accidents caused by fire and explosion of energy storage power stations mostly occur in the charging process or the waiting process after charging, so the urgency degree of effective safety monitoring on the lithium ion battery energy storage power stations is particularly prominent.
In order to ensure that the inside of a battery pack unit in an energy storage power station can carry out efficient electrochemical reaction, the battery core and the battery pack unit are both designed in a sealing mode. The sealing grade of the whole lithium ion battery can reach IP65-67 at present.
In the related art, as shown in fig. 1, the energy storage cabin is generally composed of a plurality of battery clusters, each battery cluster includes a BMS monitoring unit and a plurality of battery pack units, and a plurality of battery cells are integrated in each battery pack unit; after single electric core takes place the thermal runaway to break through electric core relief valve, progressively stretch to the periphery, reach the certain degree, inside temperature of battery pack unit and pressure can progressively rise to break through the pack relief valve, the battery pack unit that the temperature rose this moment can transmit high temperature to its battery pack unit on every side, make battery pack unit thermal runaway stretch gradually, if intervene in untimely, then can take place the thermal runaway of energy storage cabin level, cause serious incident.
Specifically, in the detection device for monitoring thermal runaway in the prior art, a battery cluster is taken as a unit, the detection device is arranged in the battery cluster, and each battery cluster is correspondingly provided with one detection device. The existing detection device mainly adopts a smoke alarm mode to monitor the thermal runaway risk. In the actual detection process, because the battery pack unit is strictly sealed, the conventional monitoring means can detect the thermal runaway risk of the battery pack unit only after a pack pressure relief valve of the battery pack unit is opened; however, the pressure relief valve is opened due to the risk of thermal runaway of the battery pack unit, and the time from the occurrence of a fire or explosion accident is very short, so that the processing time for fire fighting and emergency rescue is limited, and if the processing is not proper, the thermal runaway of the battery is easy to spread, even the explosion and other large-scale safety accidents are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the application aims to provide a thermal runaway early warning system and an early warning method for a lithium ion battery energy storage cabin, each battery pack unit is monitored independently, early warning time can be preset, and the early warning accuracy is improved.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme is as follows: the utility model provides a thermal runaway early warning system in lithium ion battery energy storage cabin, the battery energy storage cabin contains a plurality of battery clusters, and every battery cluster contains a plurality of battery pack units, and every battery pack unit contains a plurality of electric cores, thermal runaway early warning system includes:
the detection devices are arranged in the shells of the battery pack units one by one; the detection device comprises a pressure detection module for monitoring the air pressure in the battery pack unit, a sound detection module for monitoring the sound of the opening process of the cell pressure relief valve and a particle detection module for monitoring the concentration of nano particles in the battery pack unit;
the monitoring host is arranged in the battery cluster and is connected with all the detection modules of the plurality of detection devices one by one; the monitoring host is used for receiving monitoring signals of all the detection modules and giving an alarm when receiving abnormal signals.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the battery clusters and the battery pack units in the battery clusters are provided with corresponding numbers, and the monitoring host is used for giving an alarm and feeding back corresponding number information to the outside.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the detection device further comprises a characteristic gas detection module for monitoring the concentration of the characteristic gas.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the detection device further comprises an active spoiler used for accelerating the flow of the characteristic gas in the battery pack unit, and the active spoiler adopts an electric fan.
The application also discloses an early warning method of the thermal runaway detection system, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the monitoring host collects signals detected by the particle detection module, the pressure detection module and the sound detection module at intervals of a small period of T, and collects signals for n times in each large period of T; n = T/T; the monitoring host stores all the signals collected in the ith large period T;
s2: judging whether the signal acquired in the ith large period T is abnormal or not; if yes, turning to S3; if not, making i = i +1, and turning to S1;
s3: extracting and storing abnormal signals acquired in the ith large period;
s4: judging whether the abnormal signal stored in the ith large period is obviously different from the abnormal signal in the (i-1) th large period; if not, turning to S6; if yes, turning to S5;
s5: adding one to the abnormal times, judging whether the abnormal times are larger than 3, if so, turning to S6, otherwise, enabling i = i +1, and turning to S1;
s6: the monitoring host sends an alarm signal to the outside.
On the basis of the above technical solution, before step S1, the method further includes: setting time lengths of T and T, and numbering the battery pack unit and the battery cluster;
in step S6, the method further includes: the monitoring host sends the codes of the hidden danger battery pack unit and the battery cluster where the hidden danger battery pack unit is located to the outside.
On the basis of the technical scheme, in the step S1, in each large period T, small periods T are separated, electric signal parameters of the particle detection module, the pressure detection module and the sound detection module are collected for n times, and the particle concentration electric signal array is a 1 、a 2 、a 3 、…、a n The pressure electric signal array is b 1 、b 2 、b 3 、…、b n The sound electric signal array is c 1 、c 2 、c 3 、…、c n Building an electrical signal matrix [ a ] 1 、a 2 、a 3 、…、a n ；b 1 、b 2 、b 3 、…、b n ；c 1 、c 2 、c 3 、…、c n 】。
On the basis of the above technical solution, in step S2, determining whether the signal acquired in the ith large period T is abnormal includes:
the monitoring host computer sends particle concentration electric signal array (a) 1 、a 2 、a 3 、…、a n Converting to obtain particle concentration array [ A ] 1 、A 2 、A 3 、…、A n H ]; the pressure electric signal parameter (b) 1 、b 2 、b 3 、…、b n Converting to obtain pressure value array (B) 1 、B 2 、B 3 、…、B n H ]; an array of sound electrical signals [ c ] 1 、c 2 、c 3 、…、c n Converting to obtain sound signal array [ C ] 1 、C 2 、C 3 、…、C n 】；
The monitoring host sets corresponding threshold value in advance when [ A ] 1 、A 2 、A 3 、…、A n 】、【b 1 、b 2 、b 3 、…、b n And [ C ] 1 、C 2 、C 3 、…、C n When each signal of the second half section is abnormal compared with the corresponding threshold value, the signal collected in the ith large period is judged to be abnormal.
In step S3, extracting and storing the abnormal signal acquired in the ith large period includes:
convert and save the exception signal with the standard format, will [ A ] 1 、A 2 、A 3 、…、A n Stored as particle concentration anomaly array [ BA ] 1 、BA 2 、BA 3 、…、BA n [ B ] will 1 、B 2 、B 3 、…、B n Stored as a pressure anomaly array [ BB ] 1 、BB 2 、BB 3 、…、BB n [ C ] 1 、C 2 、C 3 、…、C n Is stored as a sound anomaly array [ BC ] 1 、BC 2 、BC 3 、…、BC n 】。
On the basis of the above technical solution, in step S4, determining whether the abnormal signal stored in the ith large cycle is significantly different from the abnormal signal in the (i-1) th large cycle includes:
the ith large-period abnormal signal matrix is [ BA ] 1 、BA 2 、BA 3 、…、BA n ；BB 1 、BB 2 、BB 3 、…、BB n ；BC 1 、BC 2 、BC 3 、…、BC n I-1 st is largeThe cycle anomaly signal is constructed into a matrix of [ BA ] 1 ’、BA 2 ’、BA 3 ’、…、BA n ’；BB 1 ’、BB 2 ’、BB 3 ’、…、BB n ’；BC 1 ’、BC 2 ’、BC 3 ’、…、BC n ’】；
Calculating [ BA ] based on correlation formula of correlation coefficient n/2 、BA 1+n/2 、BA 2+n/2 、…、BA n Is respectively linked with [ BA ] 1 ’、BA 2 ’、BA 3 ’、…、BA n/2 ’】、【BA n/4 ’、BA 1+n/4 ’、BA 2+n/4 ’、…、BA 3n/4 ' mean value U of absolute values of correlation coefficients between 1 ；
Calculate [ BB ] n/2 、BB 1+n/2 、BB 2+n/2 、…、BB n Is respectively linked with (BB) 1 ’、BB 2 ’、BB 3 ’、…、BB n/2 ’】、【BB n/4 ’、BB 1+n/4 ’、BB 2+n/4 ’、…、BB 3n/4 ' mean value U of absolute values of correlation coefficients between 2 ；
Calculate [ BC ] n/2 、BC 1+n/2 、BC 2+n/2 、…、BC n Is respectively linked with [ BC ] 1 ’、BC 2 ’、BC 3 ’、…、BC n/2 ’】、【BC n/4 ’、BC 1+n/4 ’、BC 2+n/4 ’、…、BC 3n/4 ' mean value U of absolute values of correlation coefficients between 3 ；
If E (U) 1 +U 2 +U 3 ) If the signal is more than or equal to 0.5, the ith large-period abnormal signal has no obvious difference from the (i-1) th large-period abnormal signal; if E (U) 1 +U 2 +U 3 )<0.5, the ith large-period abnormal signal is obviously different from the (i-1) th large-period abnormal signal.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the detection device further comprises a characteristic gas detection module for monitoring the concentration of the characteristic gas, in the step S1, the monitoring host machine further collects a characteristic gas concentration signal, and in the steps S2 to S5, the characteristic gas concentration signal is added to judge the abnormal signal.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme that this application provided brought includes:
1. the utility model provides a thermal runaway early warning system in battery energy storage cabin, a plurality of detection device monitor a plurality of battery pack units one by one, realized the monitoring to battery pack unit in electric core thermal runaway stage, for the detection device of prior art to the monitoring of battery cluster in battery pack unit thermal runaway stage, the thermal runaway early warning system of this application has prepositioned early warning time greatly, and early warning time leans on more preceding. Simultaneously, detection device has integrateed multiple monitoring mode, and every detection device contains sound monitoring, pressure monitoring and nano particle concentration monitoring, and for the mode of smog warning among the prior art, detection device monitors from the multi-angle, can prevent the wrong report, and the early warning is more accurate.
2. According to the early warning method of the thermal runaway detection system, after the abnormal signal occurs, the alarm is not directly and comprehensively given out; judging whether the abnormality of the current large period is the same as the abnormality of the previous large period or not through rigorous classification calculation analysis, and if the abnormality is the same twice continuously, judging that the thermal runaway abnormality exists; if the two times of abnormity are different, the next period of verification is carried out, if three times of different abnormity are reported, the calculation is rigorous, the situation of misinformation is avoided fundamentally, and the early warning accuracy is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art battery energy storage compartment and its detection apparatus;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a detection apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a detection apparatus including a characteristic gas detection module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a detection apparatus including a characteristic gas detection module and an active spoiler according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an inside of a battery pack unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a battery cluster, a detection device and a monitoring host according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a battery energy storage compartment and a thermal runaway warning system in an embodiment of the application;
fig. 8 is a flowchart of an early warning method provided in an embodiment of the present application;
reference numerals: 100. a battery energy storage compartment; 10. a battery cluster; 1. a battery pack unit; 2. a detection device; 3. a BMS system; 4. monitoring the host; 5. a can communication line; 11. an electric core; 12. a pack housing; 21. a sound detection module; 22. a pressure detection module; 23. a particle detection module; 24. a characteristic gas detection module; 25. a communication interface; 26. an active spoiler.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in fig. 2, 6, and 7, the present application discloses a first embodiment of a thermal runaway early warning system for a lithium ion battery energy storage compartment, which is used for solving the problem that the early warning is not timely when a thermal runaway risk occurs in a conventional battery energy storage compartment.
Specifically, the battery energy storage compartment 100 includes a plurality of battery clusters 10, each battery cluster 10 includes a plurality of battery pack units 1, and each battery pack unit 1 includes a plurality of battery cells 11. Each battery pack unit 1 has a pack relief valve, and each battery cell 11 has a cell relief valve. The process of the thermal runaway risk occurring in the battery energy storage cabin 100 is that firstly, a certain battery cell 11 is thermally runaway, and then a battery cell pressure release valve is opened; along with electric core relief valve is washed away, the inside pressure of battery pack unit continues to increase, and the pack relief valve of battery pack unit is washed away until. Meanwhile, in the process of thermal runaway occurring in the battery cells, the temperature of a single battery cell 11 continuously rises and gradually spreads to the periphery, so that the same thermal runaway occurs in the peripheral battery cells 11, and finally, the whole battery pack unit 1 is affected by the spread of the thermal runaway to the whole battery energy storage cabin 100.
The thermal runaway early warning system comprises a monitoring host 4 and a plurality of detection devices 2, wherein the detection devices 2 are arranged in the shells of the battery pack units 1 one by one to monitor the thermal runaway stage of the battery core.
The detection device 2 comprises a pressure detection module 22, a sound detection module 21 and a particle detection module 23, wherein the pressure detection module 22 is used for monitoring the internal air pressure of the battery pack unit 1, and when the battery cell 11 in the battery pack unit 1 is in a thermal runaway risk, the air pressure in the battery pack unit 1 is gradually increased.
The sound detection module 21 is used for monitoring the sound emitted by the opening process of the battery core pressure release valve, and when the battery core 11 in the battery pack unit 1 is in thermal runaway risk, the sound emitted by the opening process of the battery core pressure release valve can be captured.
The particle detection module 23 is configured to monitor the concentration of nanoparticles inside the battery pack unit 1, and when the electric core 11 in the battery pack unit 1 is at a risk of thermal runaway, the concentration of nanoparticles may gradually increase due to overheating of the electric core 11 and its peripheral structures, and the nanoparticles are difficult to be detected by a conventional smoke detection means, and a specific particle detection module 23 needs to be used for detection; the concentration of nanoparticles in the battery pack unit 1 gradually increases, and the particle detection module 23 determines the risk of thermal runaway according to the increased concentration of nanoparticles.
The monitoring host 4 is installed in the battery clusters 10, and one monitoring host 4 is correspondingly arranged in one battery cluster 10. The monitoring host 4 is connected with all the detection modules of the detection devices 2 one by one through CAN communication lines 5. The monitoring host 4 is used for receiving monitoring signals of all the detection modules and giving an alarm when receiving abnormal signals. Specifically, the monitoring host 4 is installed at the BMS system 3 of the battery cluster.
The thermal runaway early warning system of battery energy storage cabin 100 of this application, a plurality of battery pack units 1 of 2 monitoring of a plurality of detection device have realized the monitoring to battery pack unit 1 in electric core thermal runaway stage, and for the detection device of prior art to the monitoring of battery cluster in battery pack unit 1 thermal runaway stage, the thermal runaway early warning system of this application has prepositioned early warning time greatly, and early warning time leans on more forward. Simultaneously, detection device 2 has integrateed multiple monitoring mode, and every detection device 2 contains sound monitoring, pressure monitoring and nano particle concentration monitoring, and for smoke alarm's among the prior art mode, detection device 2 monitors from the multiangle, can prevent the wrong report, and the early warning is more accurate.
Specifically, pressure detection module 22 adopts the baroceptor, sound detection module 21 adopts the sound sensor, particle detection module 23 adopts laser emitter and light receiving sensor, laser emitter is used for launching laser, light receiving sensor responds to laser light intensity at the side of laser, laser emitter and light receiving sensor collocation use, along with the change of nano particle concentration, the laser light intensity that light receiving sensor responded changes thereupon, through the light intensity change control nano particle concentration.
Furthermore, the battery pack units 1 in the battery clusters 10 and the battery pack units 1 in the battery clusters 10 have corresponding numbers, and the monitoring host 4 gives an alarm to the outside and feeds back number information to the outside, so that the monitoring host not only reminds workers of the occurrence of a thermal runaway risk, but also tells the workers which battery pack unit 1 of which battery cluster 10 has a problem, and can strive for more time for fire rescue or maintenance.
As shown in fig. 3, in the second embodiment, based on the first embodiment, the detection device 2 further includes a characteristic gas detection module 24 for monitoring a characteristic gas concentration in the thermal runaway early warning system of the energy storage compartment of the lithium ion battery. Specifically, the characteristic gas refers to VOC, CO and CO 2 、H 2 HF and CH 4 At least one of which is preferably a VOC. Preferably, the characteristic gas detection module 24 uses a semiconductor characteristic gasA sensor. The semiconductor characteristic gas sensor monitors the concentration of the characteristic gas, and then judges whether thermal runaway occurs.
In other embodiments, the characteristic gas detection module 24 is an NDIR optical characteristic gas detection sensor for detecting VOCs, CO 2 、H 2 HF and CH 4 At least one of the pressure detection module 22, the sound detection module 21 and the particle detection module 23 are respectively arranged outside and inside the detection device, detachably connected, and flexibly arranged in a narrow space inside the battery pack unit.
As shown in fig. 4, in the third embodiment, in the thermal runaway early warning system of the energy storage compartment of the lithium ion battery, on the basis of the first embodiment, the detection device 2 further includes an active spoiler 26 for accelerating the flow of the characteristic gas inside the battery pack unit, and the active spoiler 26 is an electric fan. The electric fan can accelerate the gas flow in the battery pack unit, so that the characteristic gas distribution is more uniform, and the concentration of the characteristic gas and the concentration of the nano particles can be measured more accurately.
Preferably, the pressure detection module 22, the sound detection module 21, the particle detection module 23 and the characteristic gas detection module 24 share one communication interface 25, and the communication interface 25 is disposed on the side wall of the pack housing 12 of the battery pack unit 1. The pack shell 12 of the battery pack unit 1 is made of insulating corrosion-resistant materials.
The application also discloses an embodiment of the early warning method of the thermal runaway detection system, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the monitoring host 4 collects signals detected by the particle detection module 23, the pressure detection module 22 and the sound detection module 21 at small period intervals of T, and collects signals n times in each large period T; n = T/T; wherein n is a positive multiple of four. The monitoring host 4 stores all the signals (including particle concentration signal, pressure signal and sound signal) collected in the ith large period T
S2: calculating and judging whether the signal collected in the ith large period T is abnormal or not; if yes, turning to S3; if not, let i = i +1, and go to S1 to determine the next large cycle. And when the abnormity is judged, a one-to-one comparison principle is adopted.
S3: extracting and storing abnormal signals collected in the ith large period T;
s4: judging whether the abnormal signal stored in the ith large period T is obviously different from the abnormal signal in the (i-1) th large period; if not, the two continuous same differences are indicated, the alarm can be directly given, and S6 is switched; if yes, indicating that the difference is different for two times, and turning to S5;
s5: adding one to the abnormal times, judging whether the abnormal times are more than or equal to 3, if so, indicating that the system is accumulated to have three different abnormalities, turning to S6, if not, enabling i = i +1, turning to S1, and continuing to observe the next large period;
s6: the monitoring host 4 sends out an alarm signal.
The early warning method of the thermal runaway detection system stores and compares various different signals related to thermal runaway, and during comparison, all abnormal signals are summed up through rigorous analysis, and if the summed signals are abnormal and two times of continuous same abnormality occurs, an alarm is given; if the summed signal is abnormal and different abnormalities occur for more than three times continuously, the alarm is given out in the same way; the early warning method is rigorous and reliable, early warning is accurate, and the situation of misinformation is avoided logically in the process.
Further, before step S1, the method further includes: the time length of the period T is defined, the battery pack units 1 are numbered,
in step S6, the method further includes: the monitoring host 4 sends the code of the hidden danger battery pack unit 1 and the code of the battery cluster where the hidden danger battery pack unit 1 is located to the outside.
The early warning method not only reminds workers of the thermal runaway risk, but also tells the workers which battery pack unit 1 of which battery cluster 10 has a problem, and can strive for more time for fire rescue or maintenance.
Further, in step S1, the electrical signal parameters of the particle detection module 23, the pressure detection module 22 and the sound detection module 21 are collected n times at intervals of the small period T in each large period T, and the electrical signal parameter of the particle concentration isa 1 、a 2 、a 3 、…、a n The pressure electrical signal parameter is b 1 、b 2 、b 3 、…、b n The parameter of the sound electric signal is c 1 、c 2 、c 3 、…、c n To form an electrical signal parameter matrix [ a ] 1 、a 2 、a 3 、…、a n ；b 1 、b 2 、b 3 、…、b n ；c 1 、c 2 、c 3 、…、c n 】。
In step S2, determining whether the signal acquired in the ith large period T is abnormal includes:
the monitoring host (4) sends an electric signal array of particle concentration (a) 1 、a 2 、a 3 、…、a n Converting to obtain particle concentration array [ A ] 1 、A 2 、A 3 、…、A n H ]; the pressure electric signal parameter (b) 1 、b 2 、b 3 、…、b n Converting to obtain pressure value array (B) 1 、B 2 、B 3 、…、B n H ]; an array of sound electrical signals [ c ] 1 、c 2 、c 3 、…、c n Converting to obtain sound signal array [ C ] 1 、C 2 、C 3 、…、C n 】；
The monitoring host (4) sets corresponding threshold value in advance when [ A ] 1 、A 2 、A 3 、…、A n 】、【b 1 、b 2 、b 3 、…、b n And [ C ] 1 、C 2 、C 3 、…、C n When each signal in the second half section is abnormal compared with a corresponding threshold value, the signal acquired in the ith large period is judged to be abnormal.
In step S3, extracting and storing the abnormal signal acquired in the ith large period includes:
convert and save the exception signal with the standard format, will [ A ] 1 、A 2 、A 3 、…、A n Stored as particle concentration anomaly array [ BA ] 1 、BA 2 、BA 3 、…、BA n [ B ] will 1 、B 2 、B 3 、…、B n Stored as a pressure anomaly array [ BB ] 1 、BB 2 、BB 3 、…、BB n [ C ] 1 、C 2 、C 3 、…、C n Is stored as a sound anomaly array [ BC ] 1 、BC 2 、BC 3 、…、BC n 】。
The method comprises the following specific steps:
judging whether the particle concentration signal in the ith large period is abnormal or not, comprising the following steps:
the monitoring host 4 will collect the particle concentration electrical signal array [ a ] from the particle detection module 23 1 、a 2 、a 3 、…、a n Converting into corresponding particle concentration under the parameter to obtain a particle concentration array [ A ] 1 、A 2 、A 3 、…、A n 】；
The monitoring host 4 sets a particle concentration threshold value Y1 in advance;
when [ A ] 1 、A 2 、A 3 、…、A n Each signal of the second half of the period is greater than the particle concentration threshold value Y1, i.e. when [ A ] n/2 、A 1+n/2 、A 2+n/2 、…、A n When the numerical value of each particle concentration parameter in [ A ] is greater than the particle concentration threshold value Y1, judging [ A ] 1 、A 2 、A 3 、…、A n The whole set of particle concentration signals is abnormal and in a standard format [ BA ] 1 、BA 2 、BA 3 、…、BA n Stores a particle concentration abnormality signal. Specifically, the standard format is that the parameters are stored in the same length and the same relative size, and normalization processing is performed, so that the original rule of the data is not influenced, and subsequent analysis is facilitated.
Judging whether the pressure signal in the ith large period is abnormal or not, comprising the following steps:
the monitoring host 4 will follow the pressure electric signal array [ b ] that the pressure detection module gathered 1 、b 2 、b 3 、…、b n Converting into corresponding pressure value under the parameter to obtainTo the internal pressure value array [ B ] of the battery pack unit (1) 1 、B 2 、B 3 、…、B n 】；
The monitoring host 4 sets a particle concentration threshold value Y2 in advance;
when [ B ] 1 、B 2 、B 3 、…、B n When each signal of the second half section is greater than the pressure threshold value Y2, namely [ B ] n/2 、B 1+n/2 、B 2+n/2 、…、B n When each pressure value in the pressure signal is greater than a pressure threshold value Y2, judging that the pressure signal is abnormal, and carrying out standard format [ BB ] 1 、BB 2 、BB 3 、…、BB n Store pressure anomaly signals.
Judging whether the sound signal in the ith large period is abnormal or not, comprising the following steps:
the monitoring host 4 will follow the sound electric signal array [ c ] that the sound detection module gathered 1 、c 2 、c 3 、…、c n First, preliminary noise filtering is performed, and then, the parameters are converted into corresponding sound parameters under the parameters, and a sound parameter array (C) is obtained 1 、C 2 、C 3 、…、C n 】；
When [ C ] 1 、C 2 、C 3 、…、C n When each signal of the second half section is greater than a pressure threshold value Y2, namely a sound parameter array [ C ] n/2 、C 1+n/2 、C 2+n/2 、…、C n When each sound signal is abnormal, the standard format [ BC ] 1 、BC 2 、BC 3 、…、BC n Store sound anomaly signals.
Specifically, the characteristics of the sound include a time domain characteristic and a frequency domain characteristic, the time domain characteristic includes an energy parameter and a time threshold peak value, and the frequency domain characteristic includes a frequency peak value and a frequency standard deviation; the monitoring host 4 sets threshold values for the energy parameter, time threshold peak value, frequency peak value and frequency standard deviation of the sound respectively, and judges that the sound is abnormal when any two characteristics of any sound exceed the respective threshold values.
According to the early warning method, after the abnormal signal occurs, the sound parameter array is subjected to normalization processing in a standard format, and subsequent calculation and analysis are facilitated.
Further, in step S4, determining whether the abnormal signal stored in the ith large cycle is significantly different from the abnormal signal in the (i-1) th large cycle includes:
the ith large-period abnormal signal matrix is [ BA ] 1 、BA 2 、BA 3 、…、BA n ；BB 1 、BB 2 、BB 3 、…、BB n ；BC 1 、BC 2 、BC 3 、…、BC n 】
The i-1 th large-period abnormal signal is constructed into a matrix of [ BA ] 1 ’、BA 2 ’、BA 3 ’、…、BA n ’；BB 1 ’、BB 2 ’、BB 3 ’、…、BB n ’；BC 1 ’、BC 2 ’、BC 3 ’、…、BC n ’】
In this application, U 1 、U 2 And U 3 The calculation method of (2) is as follows:
calculate [ BA ] n/2 、BA 1+n/2 、BA 2+n/2 、…、BA n Is respectively linked with [ BA ] 1 ’、BA 2 ’、BA 3 ’、…、BA n/2 ’】、【BA n/4 ’、BA 1+n/4 ’、BA 2+n/4 ’、…、BA 3n/4 ' mean value U of absolute values of correlation coefficients between 1 ；
Calculate [ BB ] n/2 、BB 1+n/2 、BB 2+n/2 、…、BB n Is respectively linked with (BB) 1 ’、BB 2 ’、BB 3 ’、…、BB n/2 ’】、【BB n/4 ’、BB 1+n/4 ’、BB 2+n/4 ’、…、BB 3n/4 ' mean value U of absolute values of correlation coefficients between 2 ；
Calculate [ BC ] n/2 、BC 1+n/2 、BC 2+n/2 、…、BC n Is respectively linked with [ BC ] 1 ’、BC 2 ’、BC 3 ’、…、BC n/2 ’】、【BC n/4 ’、BC 1+n/4 ’、BC 2+n/4 ’、…、BC 3n/4 ' mean value U of absolute values of correlation coefficients between 3 ；
If E (U) 1 +U 2 +U 3 ) If the signal is more than or equal to 0.5, the ith large-period abnormal signal has no obvious difference from the (i-1) th large-period abnormal signal; if E (U) 1 +U 2 +U 3 )<0.5, the ith large-period abnormal signal is obviously different from the (i-1) th large-period abnormal signal.
According to the early warning method, after an abnormal signal appears, an alarm is not directly given out in a general mode, whether the current large-period abnormity is the same as the previous large-period abnormity or not is judged through strict classification calculation analysis, and if the current large-period abnormity is the same as the previous large-period abnormity, the thermal runaway abnormity is judged; if the two times of abnormity are different, the next period verification is carried out, if three times of different abnormity are given, the same alarm is given, the calculation is rigorous, and the situation of misinformation is avoided fundamentally.
In one embodiment, the detection apparatus 2 further includes a characteristic gas detection module for monitoring a characteristic gas concentration, and in step S1, the monitoring host 4 further collects a characteristic gas concentration signal, and adds the characteristic gas concentration signal to the steps S2 to S5 to perform abnormal signal determination.
Specifically, taking a characteristic gas such as VOC as an example:
in step S1, a characteristic gas electric signal array d is collected 1 、d 2 、d 3 、…、d n 。
In step S2, the monitoring host 4 transmits the characteristic gas electrical signal array [ d [ ] 1 、d 2 、d 3 、…、d n Converting to obtain characteristic gas concentration array [ D ] 1 、D 2 、D 3 、…、D n H ]; the monitoring host 4 sets corresponding threshold value in advance when [ D ] 1 、D 2 、D 3 、…、D n When each signal of the second half section is abnormal compared with a corresponding threshold value, the whole group of signals collected in the ith large period is judged to be abnormal.
In step S3, convert and save the exception signal with the standard format, will [ D 1 、D 2 、D 3 、…、D n Stored as an array of abnormal particle concentrations [ BD ] 1 、BD 2 、BD 3 、…、BD n 】；
Calculating to obtain U by referring to the calculating step 4 ；
If E (U) 1 +U 2 +U 3 +U 4 ) The ith large-period abnormal signal has no obvious difference with the (i-1) th large-period abnormal signal if the signal is more than or equal to 0.5; if E (U) 1 +U 2 +U 3 +U 4 )<0.5, the ith large-period abnormal signal is obviously different from the (i-1) th large-period abnormal signal, so that the alarm accuracy is further improved.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
It is noted that, in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a … …" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is merely exemplary of the present application and is presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a thermal runaway early warning system in lithium ion battery energy storage cabin, battery energy storage cabin (100) contain a plurality of battery clusters (10), and every battery cluster (10) contain a plurality of battery pack units (1), and every battery pack unit (1) contains a plurality of electric cores (11), its characterized in that, thermal runaway early warning system includes:
the detection devices (2) are arranged in the shells of the battery pack units (1) one by one; the detection device (2) comprises a pressure detection module (22) for monitoring the air pressure in the battery pack unit (1), a sound detection module (21) for monitoring the sound of the opening process of the cell pressure relief valve, and a particle detection module (23) for monitoring the concentration of nanoparticles in the battery pack unit (1);
the monitoring host (4) is arranged in the battery cluster (10), and the monitoring host (4) is connected with all the detection modules of the plurality of detection devices (2) one by one; the monitoring host (4) is used for receiving monitoring signals of all the detection modules and giving an alarm when receiving abnormal signals.
2. The thermal runaway early warning system of a lithium ion battery energy storage compartment of claim 1, wherein: the battery pack unit (1) in battery cluster (10) and battery cluster (10) all have corresponding serial number, monitoring host (4) are used for still outwards feeding back corresponding numbering information when outwards reporting to the police.
3. The thermal runaway early warning system of a lithium ion battery energy storage compartment of claim 1, wherein: the detection device (2) further comprises a characteristic gas detection module (24) for monitoring a characteristic gas concentration.
4. The thermal runaway early warning system of a lithium ion battery energy storage compartment of claim 3, wherein: the detection device (2) further comprises an active spoiler (26) for accelerating the flow of characteristic gas inside the battery pack unit (1), and the active spoiler (26) adopts an electric fan.
5. A warning method for a thermal runaway detection system as recited in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1: the monitoring host (4) collects signals detected by the particle detection module (23), the pressure detection module (22) and the sound detection module (21) at small period intervals of T, and collects signals for n times in each large period T; n = T/T; the monitoring host (4) stores all the signals collected in the ith large period T;
s2: judging whether the signal acquired in the ith large period T is abnormal or not; if yes, turning to S3; if not, making i = i +1, and turning to S1;
s3: extracting and storing the abnormal signal acquired in the ith large period;
s4: judging whether the abnormal signal stored in the ith large period is obviously different from the abnormal signal in the (i-1) th large period; if not, turning to S6; if yes, turning to S5;
s5: adding one to the abnormal times, judging whether the abnormal times are larger than 3, if so, turning to S6, otherwise, enabling i = i +1, and turning to S1;
s6: the monitoring host (4) sends an alarm signal to the outside.
6. The warning method for the thermal runaway detection system of claim 5, further comprising, before step S1: setting the time lengths of T and T, numbering the battery pack unit (1) and the battery cluster (10),
in step S6, the method further includes: the monitoring host (4) sends the codes of the hidden danger battery pack unit (1) and the battery cluster (10) where the hidden danger battery pack unit (1) is located to the outside.
7. The warning method of the thermal runaway detection system as claimed in claim 5, wherein in step S1, the electrical signal parameters of the particle detection module (23), the pressure detection module (22) and the sound detection module (21) are collected n times at intervals of a small period T in each large period T, and the array of the electrical signals of the particle concentration is a 1 、a 2 、a 3 、…、a n The pressure electric signal array is b 1 、b 2 、b 3 、…、b n The acoustic electric signal array is c 1 、c 2 、c 3 、…、c n Building an electrical signal matrix [ a ] 1 、a 2 、a 3 、…、a n ；b 1 、b 2 、b 3 、…、b n ；c 1 、c 2 、c 3 、…、c n 】。
8. The warning method of the thermal runaway detection system as claimed in claim 7, wherein the step S2 of determining whether the signal collected during the ith large period T is abnormal comprises:
the monitoring host (4) sends an electric signal array of particle concentration (a) 1 、a 2 、a 3 、…、a n Converting to obtain particle concentration array [ A ] 1 、A 2 、A 3 、…、A n H ]; the pressure electric signal parameter (b) 1 、b 2 、b 3 、…、b n Converting to obtain pressure value array [ B ] 1 、B 2 、B 3 、…、B n H ]; a sound electric signal array [ c ] 1 、c 2 、c 3 、…、c n Converting to obtain sound signal array [ C ] 1 、C 2 、C 3 、…、C n 】；
The monitoring host (4) sets corresponding threshold value in advance when [ A ] 1 、A 2 、A 3 、…、A n 】、【b 1 、b 2 、b 3 、…、b n And [ C ] 1 、C 2 、C 3 、…、C n When each signal of the second half section is abnormal compared with the corresponding threshold value, the signal collected in the ith large period is judged to be abnormal.
In step S3, extracting and storing the abnormal signal acquired in the ith large period includes:
convert and save the exception signal with the standard format, will [ A ] 1 、A 2 、A 3 、…、A n Stored as particle concentration anomaly array [ BA ] 1 、BA 2 、BA 3 、…、BA n [ B ] will 1 、B 2 、B 3 、…、B n Stored as a pressure anomaly array [ BB ] 1 、BB 2 、BB 3 、…、BB n [ C ] 1 、C 2 、C 3 、…、C n Is stored as a sound anomaly array [ BC ] 1 、BC 2 、BC 3 、…、BC n 】。
9. The warning method of the thermal runaway detection system of claim 8, wherein determining in step S4 whether the anomaly signal stored in the ith large cycle is significantly different from the anomaly signal in the (i-1) th large cycle comprises:
the ith large-period abnormal signal matrix is [ BA ] 1 、BA 2 、BA 3 、…、BA n ；BB 1 、BB 2 、BB 3 、…、BB n ；BC 1 、BC 2 、BC 3 、…、BC n The i-1 st large-period abnormal signal is constructed into a matrix of [ BA ] 1 ’、BA 2 ’、BA 3 ’、…、BA n ’；BB 1 ’、BB 2 ’、BB 3 ’、…、BB n ’；BC 1 ’、BC 2 ’、BC 3 ’、…、BC n ’】；
Calculating [ BA ] based on correlation formula of correlation coefficient n/2 、BA 1+n/2 、BA 2+n/2 、…、BA n Is respectively linked with [ BA ] 1 ’、BA 2 ’、BA 3 ’、…、BA n/2 ’】、【BA n/4 ’、BA 1+n/4 ’、BA 2+n/4 ’、…、BA 3n/4 ' mean value U of absolute values of correlation coefficients between 1 ；
Calculate [ BB ] n/2 、BB 1+n/2 、BB 2+n/2 、…、BB n Is respectively linked with (BB) 1 ’、BB 2 ’、BB 3 ’、…、BB n/2 ’】、【BB n/4 ’、BB 1+n/4 ’、BB 2+n/4 ’、…、BB 3n/4 ' mean value U of absolute values of correlation coefficients between 2 ；
Calculate [ BC ] n/2 、BC 1+n/2 、BC 2+n/2 、…、BC n Is respectively linked with [ BC ] 1 ’、BC 2 ’、BC 3 ’、…、BC n/2 ’】、【BC n/4 ’、BC 1+n/4 ’、BC 2+n/4 ’、…、BC 3n/4 ' mean value U of absolute values of correlation coefficients between 3 ；
If E (U) 1 +U 2 +U 3 ) Not less than 0.5, the ith large-period abnormal signal has no obvious difference from the (i-1) th large-period abnormal signal(ii) a If E (U) 1 +U 2 +U 3 )<0.5, the ith large-period abnormal signal is obviously different from the (i-1) th large-period abnormal signal.
10. The warning method of the thermal runaway detection system of claim 5, wherein: the detection device (2) further comprises a characteristic gas detection module (24) for monitoring the concentration of the characteristic gas, in the step S1, the monitoring host (4) further collects a characteristic gas concentration signal, and in the steps S2 to S5, the characteristic gas concentration signal is added to judge the abnormal signal.
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| CN117438736B (en) * | 2023-12-20 | 2024-03-19 | 万真消防技术(广东)有限公司 | Explosion-proof control method and related device for energy storage container level |
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