CN205658098U - Warmhouse booth CO2 fertilization control system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a warmhouse booth's CO2 fertilization control system belongs to agricultural product production technical field, relates to warmhouse booth's environmental factor control, the utility model discloses control system includes treater, key acquisition module, illumination intensity collection module and valve control module, preserve the CO2 saturation point of every kind of plant under different illumination intensity in treater built -in memory and the parameter setting module, memory, the treater reads the plant variety of key acquisition module input and the illumination intensity that illumination intensity collection module confirms, looks for the CO2 saturation point that corresponds in the memory, confirms the CO2 volume of discharging to turn into the CO2 volume of discharging on the valve of the opening time of valve, valve control module control CO2 air supply. The utility model discloses a plant to CO2's demand, gives appropriate replenishment under different light intensity, improve the photosynthetic rate of plant, improves economic benefits.

Description

A Greenhouse CO2 Fertilization Control System

technical field

The utility model belongs to the application technical field of the Internet of Things, relates to the environmental factor control of a greenhouse, and in particular relates to a _CO2 fertilization control system of a greenhouse.

Background technique

With the continuous improvement of facility engineering technology and planting and breeding technology, the yield of facility agriculture crops has been greatly improved, but the unfavorable growth environment factors make the actual yield of agricultural crops only play about 24% of its production potential, limiting the yield improvement.

CO ₂ is one of the raw materials for photosynthesis of crops, therefore, CO ₂ concentration is a very important environmental factor affecting crop growth. _CO2 fertilization can enhance the resistance of vegetables to biotic and abiotic stresses, change the mineral uptake and distribution of vegetable crops, and also affect the ultrastructure of vegetable crops. Photosynthesis of crops will consume a large amount of CO ₂ , if the indoor CO ₂ is not replenished in time, the CO ₂ concentration will drop rapidly. Without ventilation, the _CO2 concentration will drop below the crop _CO2 compensation point, and even with ventilation, the indoor _CO2 concentration may be lower than the outdoor _CO2 concentration. Therefore, too low _CO2 concentration has become the main limiting factor for photosynthesis of facility crops, restricting crop growth and development, and reducing crop yield and quality.

Although some places have achieved good results after using CO ₂ , humidity and other environmental factor control methods, many places have not yet been used or the effect is not good after use, and some places even have some problems in use, so the CO ₂ The effects of fertilization are mixed. The above-mentioned situation is mainly due to the lack of low-cost, safe, simple operation, high gas production, and easy-to-control CO ₂ generating equipment in China and the lack of reasonable fertilizer and water management measures for crops after increasing CO ₂ .

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a _CO2 fertilization control system for greenhouses, by comprehensively considering conditions such as plant species, growth stages, cultivation conditions and other environmental factors, and selecting a suitable _CO2 increase method, Fertilizer concentration and fertilization time.

The technical scheme of the utility model is: a _CO2 fertilization control system for a greenhouse, including a processor, a button collection module, a light intensity collection module, a valve control module and a temperature and humidity sensor, and the processor has a built-in memory and a parameter setting module , the _CO2 saturation points of various plants under different light intensities are stored in the memory, the temperature and humidity sensor outputs the collected data to the processor, and the processor reads the plant variety data input by the button collection module and the light intensity collection module detects According to the light intensity, find the corresponding CO ₂ saturation point of the plant in the memory under a certain light intensity, confirm the amount of CO ₂ released, and realize the release control of CO ₂ through the valve control module.

The above parameter setting module also includes the time point setting for the light intensity collection module to collect light intensity every day. Specifically, in the middle of March to April, the light intensity is detected 1 hour after sunrise, and from late April to May, half an hour after sunrise Detection, from November to February, detection at sunrise 2 hours. In the comparison table of plant species, light intensity and CO ₂ in the memory, when the light intensity is above 27W·m ^-2 , the amount of CO ₂ emitted is greater than 0. The control system also includes a fan control module and a fan, the fans are arranged bidirectionally and circularly in the greenhouse, and their rotation direction is to form a circulating air flow inside the greenhouse. Specifically, the height of the fan is 10 to 20 centimeters from the ground, forming an elevation angle of 10-20 degrees with the ground, and the rotation direction of the fan is to make the airflow flow from a low place to a high place. When the wind speed of the fan is set within the range of 0.3-1.0m·s ^-1 , the boundary layer resistance of the plant leaves decreases and the stomatal conductance increases; the ventilation speed of the fan is 10h ^-1 , that is, the fan is started and stopped every 6 minutes. One end of the above-mentioned electromagnetic valve is communicated with the _CO2 gas source, and the other end is connected to an air guide tube with a diameter of 2 cm, and the other end is closed. The air guide tube is provided with a small hole with a diameter of 2 mm every 1 meter. The control system also includes a CO ₂ concentration detection module. After the CO ₂ gas fertilizer is applied, the CO ₂ concentration detection module detects the change of the CO ₂ concentration in real time. After the CO ₂ concentration inside and outside the greenhouse is consistent, the greenhouse is forced to ventilate. When the greenhouse is forced to be ventilated, the fan in the greenhouse works in one direction, and its rotation direction is to form a one-way flow airflow inside the greenhouse. The release of _CO2 is below the saturation point of _CO2 .

The utility model has the following positive effects: the photosynthetic rate of the plants is improved and the economic benefits are improved by giving appropriate supplements to the _CO2 requirements of the plants under different light intensities.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the CO ₂ fertilization control system structural diagram of the specific embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a fan layout diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Among the figure, 1, blower fan.

detailed description

Below, referring to the accompanying drawings, through the description of the embodiments, the specific implementation of the present utility model, such as the shape and structure of each component involved, the mutual position and connection relationship between each part, the function and working principle of each part, and manufacturing The process, operation and use methods, etc. are further described in detail to help those skilled in the art have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the inventive concept and technical solutions of the present utility model.

The system of the utility model includes a processor, a button collection module, a light intensity detection module, a _CO2 concentration detection module, a fan control module and a solenoid valve control module, the processor includes a memory and a parameter setting module, and the button collection module is used for user input parameters , because different plants have different CO ₂ saturation points, so the plant species must be input through the button collection module. In addition, due to seasonal changes, the sunrise time is changing, which also means that the time for photosynthesis of plants is changing, and the user needs to set the light The collection time point of the intensity detection module, that is, the release time of CO ₂ . Through the button collection module, the user manually inputs the type of plant and the time point of CO ₂ release every day. In the memory, the CO ₂ saturation point of each plant under different light intensities is preset, and the controller determines the need for release by looking up the table. The volume of CO ₂ , the volume of CO ₂ is converted into release time, that is, the conduction time of the solenoid valve.

Because the density of CO ₂ is higher than that of the air, CO ₂ is deposited at the bottom of the greenhouse, affecting the uniform distribution of CO ₂ in the plant canopy and the community, thereby affecting the effect of adding CO ₂ gas fertilizer. Plants consume a large amount of CO ₂ for photosynthesis. If the wind speed is low, the diffusion rate of CO _{2 will be slowed down, causing CO 2 in} the plant community to not be replenished in time, thereby reducing the photosynthetic rate of plants. Adding fan equipment inside the greenhouse is conducive to improving the air circulation inside the greenhouse and making the _CO2 in the greenhouse evenly distributed. At the same time, the boundary layer resistance of the plant leaves is reduced, the stomatal conductance is increased, and the conversion efficiency of _CO2 is improved.

As shown in Figure 2, the utility model adds a plurality of fans inside the greenhouse to form a circulating air flow in the greenhouse. The height of the fans is 10 to 20 centimeters from the ground, forming an elevation angle of 10-20 degrees with the ground, and the wind speed is set at 0.3 to 1.0 m. s ^-1 range. Set the fan at a certain height from the ground and at a certain elevation angle to the ground. The negative pressure surface of the fan is the side close to the ground. This height can ensure that the air circulation on the negative pressure surface of the fan will not be hindered when the fan is running. If it is too close to the ground, it will generate a lot of noise because the air circulation is blocked. An elevation angle of 10-20 degrees can diffuse the deposited CO ₂ to a high place, ensuring the demand of the plant canopy for CO ₂ . When the wind speed is in the range of 0.3～1.0m·s ^-1 , the boundary layer resistance of plant leaves decreases, the stomatal conductance increases, and the effect of increasing CO ₂ increases. If the wind speed is too high, part of the stomata of the plant will be closed, the stomatal conductance will be reduced, and the conversion efficiency of _CO2 will be reduced.

The air exchange rate of the greenhouse in the ventilation state is more than 10h ^-1 time, therefore, the fan of the utility model can adopt the mode of intermittent operation, and the fan works once every 6 minutes on average, and the working time of each time depends on the distance between the fans , to ensure that the air in the entire greenhouse is circulated, and the CO ₂ is evenly distributed, and the operation can be stopped.

The CO ₂ gas source of the utility model adopts bottled liquid CO ₂ , the concentration of the bottled liquid CO ₂ is easy to control, convenient and safe, and the CO ₂ is uniformly released into the greenhouse through the air duct and the small hole on it, and the catheter is fixed On the top of the greenhouse, the air duct has a diameter of 2 cm, one end is connected to the air release port of the steel cylinder, and the other end is closed. A small hole with a diameter of about 2 mm is punched every 1 meter on the air duct. The air release port of the steel cylinder is controlled by an electromagnetic valve.

Due to the respiration of plants at night, the concentration of CO ₂ in the shed increases, and these CO ₂ can just be used as raw materials for photosynthesis of plants during the day. After 1-2 hours after sunrise, the concentration of CO ₂ in the shed is higher than the concentration outside. High, it is beneficial to promote the photosynthesis of plants, and no additional CO ₂ gas fertilizer is required. The control system of the utility model considers _CO2 fertilization according to environmental factors such as current sunshine intensity after 1-2 hours of sunrise. In rainy weather, photosynthesis is not strong, so it is not suitable to apply air fertilizer.

Specifically, from March to mid-April, the concentration of CO ₂ is detected 1 hour after sunrise, from late April to May, the concentration of CO ₂ is detected half an hour after sunrise, and from November to February, 2 hours after sunrise Detect the _CO2 concentration, because the temperature in winter is relatively low, the sunlight intensity is also low, and the photosynthetic rate is low. Generally, the _CO2 concentration drops to a low level after two hours. In summer, the temperature is high, and ventilation is needed to cool down the greenhouse, but even if the ventilation is maintained, the _{CO 2} concentration inside the greenhouse should be 5%-10% lower than that of the outside world. Atmospheric _CO2 concentration levels have a significant effect. Increase the net photosynthetic rate of plants to a great extent. Increase the CO ₂ concentration to the outdoor level, even if the ventilation rate of the greenhouse is fast, no CO ₂ will escape to the outside. At this time, the utilization efficiency of the increased CO ₂ is about 1.

Set the TPS-2 portable photosynthesis measuring instrument in the greenhouse to measure the concentration of _CO2 , and use the light intensity sensor to measure the light intensity in the room. The light intensity will affect the compensation point and saturation point of _CO2 . Through the comparison of multiple groups of experiments, in Under the light intensity of 8.5, 27, 61, 129, and 265W·m ^-2 , the photosynthetic rate under the CO ₂ concentration of 300 to 1000umol·mol ^-1 was observed respectively, and it was found that under the light intensity of 8.5W·m ^-2 , increasing the concentration of CO ₂ had a positive effect on photosynthesis The photosynthetic rate increased from 5umol·m ^-2 ·s ^-1 to 10umol·m ^-2 ·s ^{-1 under} the light intensity of 27W·m ^-2 . Under lower conditions, the photosynthetic rate is more obvious. Therefore, the utility model selects 27W·m ^-2 as a reference value. When the light intensity is above 27W·m ^-2 , it is considered to apply CO ₂ gas fertilizer to the plants.

Different plant species have different CO ₂ absorption efficiencies. The CO ₂ absorption efficiency of C3 plants varies greatly with the influence of CO ₂ concentration, light intensity and other factors, but C4 plants can achieve 330umol· mol ^-1 , the photosynthetic rate basically does not increase, and the outdoor CO ₂ concentration can basically meet this requirement.

In the actual use process, the release of _CO2 will be set lower than the actual saturation point, because the absorption of _CO2 is also affected by other environmental factors, but this is a complex and dynamic process, and it is difficult to determine a Therefore, setting the CO ₂ saturation point lower than the actual value can ensure that the CO ₂ concentration will not exceed the saturation point, avoiding excessive CO ₂ concentration, which is not good for plant growth and wastes CO ₂ gas source.

After the CO ₂ gas is released, the greenhouse is closed tightly, and the plants undergo photosynthesis. With the progress of photosynthesis, the indoor CO ₂ concentration begins to decrease. The CO ₂ concentration detection module monitors the CO ₂ concentration in real time. When it drops to the external environment level , you can open the greenhouse, forced ventilation, so that the gas in the greenhouse can be ventilated. At this time, the side fan in Figure 2 can be turned off to allow the gas to flow in one direction. The fan control module is used to control the gas circulation in the greenhouse, and set the start time interval and each working time of the fan.

The utility model has been exemplarily described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the utility model is not limited by the above-mentioned methods, as long as various insubstantial improvements are made by adopting the method concept and technical solutions of the utility model, or Directly applying the ideas and technical solutions of the utility model to other occasions without improvement is within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (6)

1. the CO of a warmhouse booth₂Fertilization control system, it is characterised in that include that processor, key acquisition module, illumination are strong Degree acquisition module and valve control module, described processor internal memory and parameter setting module, preserve various in memorizer Plant CO under different illumination intensity₂Saturation point, processor reads plant variety data and the light of key acquisition module input The intensity of illumination detected according to intensity collection module, searches the CO that in memorizer, this kind of plant is corresponding under a certain intensity of illumination₂ Saturation point, confirms CO₂The amount of discharging, realizes CO by valve control module₂Discharge control.

The CO of warmhouse booth the most according to claim 1₂Fertilization control system, it is characterised in that described control system is also wrapped Including fan control module and blower fan (1), described blower fan (1) is in booth internal bidirectional circulating arrangement, and its direction of rotation is for making booth It is internally formed circulating current.

The CO of warmhouse booth the most according to claim 2₂Fertilization control system, it is characterised in that described blower fan (1) is highly 10 to 20 centimetres of ground of distance, forms the 10-20 degree elevation angle with ground, and the direction of rotation of blower fan (1) is for making air-flow from lower to height Place's flowing；Described blower fan (1) wind speed is located at 0.3～1.0m s^-1In the range of；The air exchanging rate of described blower fan (1) is 10h^-1, often Blower fan (1) start and stop in 6 minutes are once.

The CO of warmhouse booth the most according to claim 1₂Fertilization control system, it is characterised in that described valve one end with CO₂Source of the gas UNICOM, the other end connects airway, a diameter of 2cm of airway, and the other end is closed, at interval of 1 meter on described airway It is provided with the aperture of an a diameter of 2mm.

The CO of warmhouse booth the most according to claim 2₂Fertilization control system, it is characterised in that described control system is also wrapped Include CO₂Concentration detection module, CO₂Concentration detection module is discharging CO₂After gas fertilizer, detect CO in real time₂Concentration change, inside and outside booth CO₂After concentration is consistent, to booth forced ventilation, during to booth forced ventilation, blower fan (1) work unilateral in booth, its rotation Turn direction for making booth be internally formed one-way flow air-flow.

The CO of warmhouse booth the most according to claim 1₂Fertilization control system, it is characterised in that described CO₂The amount of discharging Compare CO₂Saturation point low.