CN205638379U - A support type oil extraction device driven by a switched reluctance motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a switched reluctance motor dragged bracket type oil production device, which comprises a switched reluctance motor and a switched reluctance motor control cabinet, wherein the switched reluctance motor and the switched reluctance motor control cabinet are arranged on one side of a well head, the switched reluctance motor is connected with the switched reluctance motor control cabinet, an output shaft of the switched reluctance motor is connected with a roller, the other side of the well head is provided with a bracket, and the top end of the bracket is connected with a pulley; the utility model relates to a remove beam-pumping unit of walking beam formula adopts the support as supporting, and switched reluctance motor is as power, is similar to the oil production device of crane davit. The structure has less transmission links and high transmission efficiency; the pure torque transmission of the motor is realized, and the transmission efficiency is improved; the belt transmission structure is not adopted, so that the conditions of belt slipping, rotation loss, breakage, falling off and the like are avoided, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced; the motor is a switched reluctance motor, has the advantages of large starting torque, adjustable rotating speed, forward and reverse rotation, high power factor and the like, and reduces the energy consumption of oil pumping; the oil extraction double-pulley guide transmission can reduce the load of the motor.

Description

A support type oil extraction device driven by a switched reluctance motor

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of oil extraction wells in oil fields, and in particular relates to a bracket type oil extraction device driven by a switched reluctance motor.

Background technique

The beam pumping unit has been used for more than 100 years due to its simple structure, strong adaptability, and convenient operation and maintenance, and it is still the most important oil production method at present, accounting for more than 90% of domestic oil fields. The beam pumping unit is mainly composed of a donkey head, a beam, a connecting rod, a crank, a reduction box and an electric motor. When the pumping unit is working, after the motor is decelerated by the belt reducer, the crank-link mechanism converts the rotary motion of the output shaft of the reducer into the reciprocating motion of the donkey head, thereby driving the oil well pump to reciprocate up and down to complete the oil extraction process.

The beam pumping unit has played a very important role in the history of my country's oil development. However, with the development of science and technology and the progress of oil extraction technology, the disadvantages of the beam pumping unit are gradually becoming more and more obvious. The main problems are as follows:

1. Low transmission efficiency

The beam pumping unit has many transmission links, including belts, reduction boxes, connecting rods, cranks, beams, donkey heads, downhole poles, etc., and its own mechanical transmission energy loss is about 28%. The efficiency of the conventional beam pumping unit is generally only 12%-23% in China, and the highest is only about 30%.

2. The problem of excessive inertial load

The four-bar linkage mechanism of the beam pumping unit makes the movement of the donkey head similar to simple harmonic motion. The acceleration at the upper and lower dead points is very large, resulting in a large inertial load, which makes the pumping unit bear too much load and the torque of the reduction box Large fluctuations increase the gear impact and shorten the service life of the gearbox and pumping unit.

3. Poor motor adaptability

1) The beam pumping unit is mainly equipped with a three-phase asynchronous motor. The pumping unit starts at full voltage, and the current reaches 5-7 times its rated current when starting, which has a large impact on the grid and motor current, and the grid voltage fluctuates greatly. .

2) Due to the change of the pumping unit's own structure and pumping working conditions, it will be unbalanced with the change of the load during the up and down stroke operation, and the difference is large, so that the motor has the phenomenon of "reverse power generation" during operation. "Inverted power generation" not only causes a certain energy loss, but also causes a certain disturbance to the power grid. There are many motor burnout accidents and high maintenance costs. At the same time, the power factor of the power grid and the motor is further reduced, resulting in energy waste.

3) The motor presents a "hard characteristic" when operating at power frequency, and the impact loss is large when the load changes and changes. At the same time, the unbalanced state is covered up, causing the pumping unit to waste energy on "weight lifting".

4) The power factor is low, and the line and reactive power losses are large. The phenomenon of "big horses and small carts" is ubiquitous. During normal operation, the load becomes lighter and the required torque is smaller. There is a problem that the load characteristics of the sucker rod do not match the mechanical characteristics of the motor 23, and the power utilization rate is very low.

4. The workload of parameter adjustment is heavy

When the working system of the oil well changes and the punching frequency needs to be adjusted, the belt pulley or the reduction box needs to be replaced. The process is cumbersome, high risk and heavy workload.

5. Other issues

Conventional pumping units are equipped with a reduction box, but the reduction box is used as a reduction mechanism, and oil leakage and mechanical wear of the gears caused by casting defects often occur during operation, which affects the normal production of the oil well and the service life of the pumping unit. Secondly, as the transmission mechanism between the motor and the reduction box, the belt also has many disadvantages. For example, when the motor encounters rainy and snowy weather or the load increases, the belt is prone to slipping, lost rotation and breakage, which will increase the labor intensity of the workers. The operation cost is high and the production time rate is reduced.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of oil production device which removes the beam pumping unit, uses the bracket as the support, and the switched reluctance motor to provide power for the development of cluster well groups in various oil fields and the needs of energy saving and consumption reduction.

For this reason, the utility model provides a bracket-type oil extraction device driven by a switched reluctance motor, which includes a switched reluctance motor and a switched reluctance motor control cabinet arranged on one side of the wellhead, and the reluctance motor and the switched reluctance motor The motor control cabinet is connected, the output shaft of the switched reluctance motor is connected to a drum, the other side of the wellhead is provided with a bracket, and the top of the bracket is connected to a pulley;

The drum includes a drum shaft and a drum roller. A cable is wound on the drum roller. The other end of the cable goes around a pulley at the top of the support and is connected to a polished rod. The polished rod is connected to an oil pump in the oil well.

The bottom of the bracket is provided with a bracket base.

The number of strokes and the stroke of the oil production device are respectively adjusted through the switch reluctance motor control cabinet to adjust the speed of the switch reluctance motor and the forward and reverse conversion time.

The cable is connected with the polished rod through a rope hanger.

Described pulley is double pulley.

The output shaft of the switched reluctance motor is connected with the drum shaft through a coupling.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the bracket-type oil extraction device driven by the switched reluctance motor provided by the utility model is a beam-pumping unit without a beam, and the bracket is used as a support, and the switched reluctance motor is used as a driving force. , similar to the oil extraction device of the crane boom. This structure has fewer transmission links and high transmission efficiency; the pure torque transmission of the motor is realized, which improves the transmission efficiency; the beltless transmission structure prevents the belt from slipping, losing rotation and breaking off, and reduces the labor intensity of workers; The switched reluctance motor has the advantages of large starting torque, adjustable speed, forward and reverse rotation and high power factor, which can reduce oil pumping energy consumption; oil production double pulley guide transmission will reduce the motor load.

Further details will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the bracket type oil production device driven by the switched reluctance motor of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a drum driven by a switched reluctance motor;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional beam pumping unit.

In the figure: 1. Switched reluctance motor control cabinet; 2. Switched reluctance motor; 3. Drum; 4. Cable; 5. Double pulley; 6. Rope hanger; 10. Bracket base; 11. Switched reluctance motor output shaft; 12. Coupling; 13. Drum shaft; 14. Drum roller; 15. Brake; 16. Motor; 17. Donkey head; 18. Beam; 19. Crossbeam; 20, connecting rod; 21, crank; 22, reduction box.

detailed description

Example 1:

This embodiment provides a bracket-type oil production device driven by a switched reluctance motor, which includes a switched reluctance motor 2 and a switched reluctance motor control cabinet 1 arranged on one side of the wellhead 8, the reluctance motor and the switched reluctance motor The motor control cabinet 1 is connected, the output shaft of the switched reluctance motor is connected to the drum 3, the other side of the wellhead 8 is provided with a support 9, and the top of the support 9 is connected to a pulley;

The drum 3 includes a drum shaft 13 and a drum roller 14, the drum roller 14 is wound with a cable 4, and the other end of the cable 4 is connected to the polished rod 7 around the pulley at the top of the support 9, and the polished rod 7 is connected to the pumping rod 7 in the oil well. Oil pump connection.

The support 9 type oil extraction device provided in this embodiment is composed of a switched reluctance motor 16, a support 9, a pulley and a drum 3. The output shaft of the switched reluctance motor is connected to the drum shaft 13, and the cable wound on the drum roller 14 4 is connected with polished rod 7 around pulley. When the oil production device is working, the switched reluctance motor 2 drives the drum shaft 13, and the rotation of the drum shaft 13 drives the drum 3 to rotate. When the switched reluctance motor 2 rotates forward, the cable 4 is wound on the drum roller 14 to complete the oil pumping downstroke; the switch When the reluctance motor 2 reverses, the cable 4 is released to complete the pumping upstroke; the switched reluctance motor 2 realizes forward and reverse switching within the set time, driving the front donkey head to pull the reciprocating motion of the sucker rod, realizing Suction pump for oil recovery.

Example 2:

On the basis of Embodiment 1, the embodiment provides a bracket-type oil production device driven by a switched reluctance motor as shown in Figure 1. Rope device 6 is connected. The stroke times and strokes of the oil extraction device are respectively adjusted through the switch reluctance motor control cabinet 1 to adjust the speed of the switch reluctance motor 2 and the forward and reverse conversion time. Pulley is double pulley 5, adopts double pulley 5 groups of guide transmissions, has reduced the output force of electric motor 16, reduces the energy consumption of motor operation.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the output shaft of the switched reluctance motor is connected to the drum shaft 13 through a coupling 12 . The switched reluctance motor 2 and the bracket 9 are respectively placed on both sides of the wellhead 8 of the oil well. The output end of the switched reluctance motor 2 is opposite to the drum shaft 13, and the middle is connected by a coupling 12. The center of the drum shaft 13 is on the same plane as the wellhead 8 and the pulley. , the cable 4 is connected with the rope hanger 6 through the double pulley 5 at the top of the support 9, and the lower end of the rope hanger 6 is connected with the polished rod 7 and the downhole pole. When the oil production device is working, the switched reluctance motor 2 transmits power to the drum 3 through the coupling 12, and the forward and reverse rotation of the drum 3 completes the retracting and releasing process of the cable 4. When the motor rotates forward, the cable 4 is in the process of retracting, driving the rod column to realize the oil pumping downstroke; when the motor is reversed, the cable 4 is the process of releasing, driving the rod column to realize the oil pumping upstroke, and a pumping process is completed. Such repeated circulation will continuously lift the bottom hole liquid to the surface. The pumping stroke times can be controlled by setting the rotating speed in the switched reluctance motor control cabinet 1, and the stroke is controlled by adjusting the forward and reverse switching time of the switched reluctance motor 2.

Conventional beam pumping unit 18 as shown in Figure 3, consists of donkey head 17, beam 18, connecting rod 20, beam 19, crank 21, reduction box 22, motor 16, brake 15 and other parts. When the pumping unit is working, after the motor 16 is decelerated by the belt reduction box 22, the crank 21 connecting rod 20 mechanism converts the rotational motion of the output shaft of the reduction box 22 into the reciprocating motion of the donkey head 17, thereby driving the oil well pump to reciprocate up and down, and the Oil recovery process.

To sum up, compared with the oil production device provided by the utility model, it has the following beneficial effects:

1. The beam 18 is removed, there is no pumping unit belt drive, reduction box 22, connecting rod 20, and donkey head 17 and other structures, and the pure torque output of the motor 16 improves the transmission efficiency of the motor 16; there is no need to replace the belt, Gear box 22 maintenance and other work, reduce the work intensity and operating costs, ensure the production time rate, reduce the mechanical loss of the ground system, and make the system operation safer and more reliable;

2. Using the switched reluctance motor 2 speed control system as the power reduces the motor operating current, active and reactive power, and reduces the energy loss of the motor; at the same time, the switched reluctance motor control cabinet 1 is equipped with overcurrent, overvoltage and Overload protection ensures safe and reliable operation;

3. The motor speed is greatly reduced, the internal friction of the motor 16 is reduced, and the ground efficiency of the mechanical mining system is improved;

4. The switch reluctance motor control cabinet is controlled by a microcomputer, which can perform intelligent speed regulation operation according to the load change of the pumping unit. It is convenient to adjust the parameters of the pumping unit. By setting the motor speed and the forward and reverse conversion time, the stroke times and strokes of the pumping unit can be adjusted;

5. The use of double pulleys and 5 sets of guide transmission reduces the output force of the motor 16 and reduces the energy consumption of the motor.

The components and structures not described in detail in this embodiment belong to the known components and commonly used structures in this industry. The switched reluctance motor control cabinet belongs to the prior art, and will not be described here one by one.

The above examples are only illustrations of the utility model, and do not constitute a limitation to the protection scope of the utility model. All designs identical or similar to the utility model all belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (5)

1. A bracket-type oil production device driven by a switched reluctance motor, characterized in that it includes a switched reluctance motor (2) and a switched reluctance motor control cabinet (1) arranged on one side of the wellhead (8). The reluctance motor is connected to the switched reluctance motor control cabinet (1), the output shaft (11) of the switched reluctance motor is connected to the drum (3), and the other side of the wellhead (8) is provided with a bracket (9). The top of the bracket (9) is connected with a pulley; The drum (3) includes a drum shaft (13) and a drum roller (14), the drum roller (14) is wound with a cable (4), and the other end of the cable (4) goes around the pulley at the top of the bracket (9) It is connected with the polished rod (7), and the polished rod (7) is connected with the oil pump in the oil well. 2. The bracket-type oil extraction device driven by a switched reluctance motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the bracket (9) is provided with a bracket base (10). 3. A stent-type oil extraction device driven by a switched reluctance motor according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: the cable (4) and the polished rod (7) pass through the rope hanger (6) connect. 4. A stent-type oil extraction device driven by a switched reluctance motor according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: the pulleys are double pulleys (5). 5. A stent-type oil extraction device driven by a switched reluctance motor according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: the output shaft (11) of the switched reluctance motor passes through a coupling (12) Connect with the drum shaft (13).