CN114135256A - Intelligent intermittent-opening oil pumping unit fixed-point start-stop control device and control method - Google Patents
Intelligent intermittent-opening oil pumping unit fixed-point start-stop control device and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114135256A CN114135256A CN202111444313.2A CN202111444313A CN114135256A CN 114135256 A CN114135256 A CN 114135256A CN 202111444313 A CN202111444313 A CN 202111444313A CN 114135256 A CN114135256 A CN 114135256A
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 241001023788 Cyttus traversi Species 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 36
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/126—Adaptations of down-hole pump systems powered by drives outside the borehole, e.g. by a rotary or oscillating drive
- E21B43/127—Adaptations of walking-beam pump systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/02—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/02—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control
- F04B49/03—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control by means of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/06—Control using electricity
- F04B49/065—Control using electricity and making use of computers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B51/00—Testing machines, pumps, or pumping installations
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fixed-point start-stop control device and a fixed-point start-stop control method for an intelligent intermittent pumping unit, which comprise a workbench, wherein a support table is arranged on the upper side of the workbench, a walking beam is rotatably connected to the upper end of the support table, a horse head is arranged at one end of the walking beam, a lower stop mechanism is arranged at one end of the workbench, a driving mechanism is arranged on the upper side of the workbench, an intelligent fixed-point intermittent control cabinet is arranged at the far end of the workbench, the intelligent fixed-point intermittent control cabinet can remotely and automatically start and stop through a network so as to complete intermittent operation, an automatic program is set in the intelligent fixed-point intermittent control cabinet, personnel are not required to carry out field manual operation, the labor intensity of operators is reduced, the intelligent intermittent operation control device is not influenced by the proficiency of the operators, the intelligent intermittent operation control device can adapt to different use scenes and operation time, and the operation precision is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pumping units, in particular to a fixed-point start-stop control device and a fixed-point start-stop control method for an intelligent intermittent-start pumping unit.
Background
The reserves of ultra-low permeability oil fields in China are rich, the low permeability reserves account for 60-70% in the petroleum geological reserves explored in China in recent years, the significance of researching, exploring and summarizing the development technology of ultra-low permeability oil fields is great, in recent years, most oil fields in China enter the later development stage in succession, the exploitation difficulty of old oil fields is increased continuously, part of oil field blocks are in low-efficiency and negative-efficiency development, the oil well yield is low, the production cost is high, some wells have the low-efficiency phenomena of 'dry pumping' such as intermittent oil output and insufficient liquid supply, the oil well yield can be directly influenced by adopting the all-day exploitation mode of the part of wells, and the efficiency of the oil pumping unit is reduced and the energy is wasted due to long-term operation.
The oil well pump does no work, increases the abrasion loss, reduces the service life, leads to frequent pump detection of the oil well, seriously influences the overall economic benefit of oil field development, adopts an intermittent oil pumping mode for the oil pumping well, can effectively improve the underground working condition of the oil well pump, shortens the running time of the oil pumping machine and reduces the energy consumption.
However, the conventional intermittent pumping mode generally has certain disadvantages that the error rate of manual start and stop is high, the manual labor intensity is increased by frequently starting and stopping wells, the start and stop time is not accurate due to the influence of manual efficiency, the northern Shaanxi region belongs to loess hillside topography, oil wells are scattered, the conditions of part of single well roads are poor, a time-open system cannot be executed on time when encountering severe weather such as rain and snow and the like, the time-open system is single, the conventional majority of time-open oil wells adopt a system of '12-hour start and 12-hour stop' and cannot optimize the time-open system to the maximum extent according to the current situation of single well production, a horse head cannot be controlled to be positioned at a lower dead point when a pumping unit is shut down, if the horse head is positioned at an upper dead point after being shut down, the phenomenon of pump blockage is easily caused when the horse head is restarted, after the pumping unit is remotely started and stopped, the switch of a back pressure gate needs to be manually completed, otherwise, the oil liquid of other pumping wells is easily poured into the pumping well after being shut down, automatic brake can not be realized after the long-range shut down of beam-pumping unit, there is beam-pumping unit operation potential safety hazard, and the long-range time of opening and stopping that can't automatic control beam-pumping unit of function, beam-pumping unit can't control the automation of beam-pumping unit through the extraction oil liquid level and open and stop, in view of foretell drawback, need improve current beam-pumping unit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that in a traditional starting and stopping mode, the error rate of manual starting and stopping is high, the manual labor intensity is increased due to frequent starting and stopping, the starting and stopping time is not accurate due to manual influence, and the automatic braking cannot be carried out during starting and stopping, so that potential safety hazards appear during leaving operation, and provides an intelligent intermittent pumping unit fixed-point starting and stopping control device and a control method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an intelligence is opened beam-pumping unit fixed point and is opened and stop controlling means and control method, includes the workstation, the workstation upside is equipped with a supporting bench, the supporting bench upper end is rotated and is connected with the walking beam, walking beam one end is equipped with the horse head, workstation one end is equipped with down and ends the mechanism, the workstation upside is equipped with actuating mechanism, the workstation distal end is equipped with intelligent fixed point and opens the switch board between.
As a further description of the above technical solution: use actuating mechanism to carry out the control of rising and falling to walking beam one end, and then drive the horse head and rise and fall and accomplish the oil pumping operation, give the instruction to actuating mechanism through intelligent fixed point spaced apart switch board when the whole mechanism stops to pump oil need to close, make the horse head stop at bottom dead center with stopping down the mechanism under stopping down the cooperation work of mechanism simultaneously.
The lower stopping mechanism comprises a detection rod and an auxiliary frame, the detection rod is fixed to the upper end of a supporting table, a contact switch is arranged on the upper side of the detection rod, the auxiliary frame is fixed to one end of a workbench, the auxiliary frame is fixed to the outer side of the auxiliary frame, an opening is formed in the upper end of the auxiliary frame, a connecting block is slidably connected to the inner portion of the auxiliary frame, a connecting belt penetrating through the opening is arranged on the upper side of the connecting block, the upper end of the connecting belt is fixed to the upper end of the horse head, and a connecting assembly is arranged at the lower end of the auxiliary frame.
As a further description of the above technical solution: whether the position where the walking beam is located is in a bottom dead center or not can be judged through pressing and loosening conditions of the detection switch, and meanwhile, when the horse head rises and falls, the position of the connecting block is controlled through the connecting band, and then the position of the connecting assembly is controlled.
The connecting assembly comprises a landing block, two ends of the landing block are rotatably connected with connecting rods, one side of each connecting rod is provided with a deflection spring, the two sides of the landing block are provided with deflection openings, the far ends of the deflection springs are fixed in the deflection openings, the far end of the connecting rod is provided with a clamping block, clamping ports with the same size as the clamping block are arranged on two sides of the connecting block, the lower end of the auxiliary frame is provided with an opening, the lower side of the lifting block is provided with a lifting cylinder penetrating through the opening, auxiliary components are arranged on two sides of the auxiliary frame, each auxiliary component comprises an electric telescopic rod, one end of each electric telescopic rod is fixed on two sides of the auxiliary frame, an auxiliary plate is fixed at the far end of the electric telescopic rod and is connected inside the auxiliary frame in a sliding way, the detection switch automatically controls the extension of the electric telescopic rod when the whole mechanism is started, and controls the shortening of the electric telescopic rod when the whole mechanism is shut down.
As a further description of the above technical solution: the extension of electric telescopic handle makes the accessory plate released during normal work, and then promote the connecting rod and be in vertical state, the joint piece and then inside the joint mouth, the spring that deflects is compressed inside the deflection mouth, can accomplish the connecting block through the connecting rod and play the piece be connected fixedly, can drive the piece that falls to rise and fall in the in-process that rises and falls of horse head, and then accomplish the oil pumping operation through the cylinder that rises and falls, when needs are closed and stop, control electric telescopic handle shrink when the walking beam reachs the bottom dead center, can promote the auxiliary rod under the extension reset action of spring that deflects and deflect the separation of accomplishing piece that falls and connecting block, the cylinder that guarantees to rise and fall is in the bottom, when reopening the connecting block control electric telescopic handle extension can connect the connecting block once more and play the piece and carry out normal oil pumping work when the bottom.
The quick-assembly type backflow prevention device is arranged at the lower end of the auxiliary frame, the quick-assembly type backflow prevention device is installed in a tee joint or a four-way coupling of a Christmas tree at the wellhead of the existing oil production well, a screwed plug (an inherent accessory of the wellhead) on the tee joint or the four-way joint of the pipeline is disassembled, the quick-assembly type backflow prevention device is placed in the quick-assembly type backflow prevention device, then the screwed plug is installed in a recovery mode, the function of backflow prevention or backflow prevention device for the pipeline of the oil production wellhead can be achieved, and the far end of the lifting cylinder is fixed at the working end of the quick-assembly type backflow prevention device.
As a further description of the above technical solution: after the liquid produced in the oil production well flows into the supporting seat, the combined valve plate is pushed and opened to enter the gathering and transportation pipeline, when the pressure of the combined valve plate is balanced up and down, the combined valve plate is closed under the action of the torsion spring to cut off a liquid channel, and when the pressure of the downstream is higher than that of the upstream, the liquid in the gathering and transportation pipeline cannot enter a well mouth, so that the function of pouring or backflow prevention is realized.
Actuating mechanism includes drive support and two connecting rods, drive support mounting is in the workstation upside, two connecting rod one end rotate respectively connect in the walking beam both sides, the inside rotation of drive support is connected with stepless speed regulation belt pulley, drive support both sides rotate and are connected with the crank, two the connecting rod distal end rotates respectively to be connected in two the crank distal end, the crank distal end is equipped with the balancing piece, the workstation upside is equipped with drive assembly, drive assembly includes the drive engine, the stepless speed regulation belt pulley outside is equipped with the drive belt, the drive belt distal end is located the drive engine output, the drive engine output is equipped with automatic hydraulic brake device.
As a further description of the above technical solution: the stepless speed regulation belt pulley is driven to rotate by the driving engine, so that the walking beam can be driven to rotate to finish oil pumping operation, the intelligent fixed-point intermittent control cabinet is used for controlling the driving engine to stop when the walking beam needs to be shut down, and meanwhile, the walking beam and the crank are tightly held under the action of the automatic hydraulic brake device.
The intelligent fixed-point intermittent control cabinet has the advantages that the intelligent fixed-point intermittent control cabinet has similar functions with other common motor control cabinets when working in a local mode, the due effect of the intelligent fixed-point intermittent control cabinet can be exerted only when working in a remote mode, and the remote control mode supports three modes of operation, namely a remote direct start and direct stop mode, a timing control mode and an oil outlet liquid level control mode.
As a further description of the above technical solution: the remote control mode of the intelligent fixed-point spaced control cabinet can support three modes of operation, namely a remote direct start and direct stop mode, a timing control mode and a liquid level control mode. The three modes are switched by an operation panel on an SCADA system operator station, wherein the liquid level control mode must be used with the liquid level admittance radio frequency sensor device. When the panel of the control cabinet is twisted to the direction of a local button, the pumping unit is in a direct start and direct stop mode, and the start and stop operation is similar to that of local start and stop. When the timing control mode is put into, after a start button on the operation panel is clicked, the pumping unit is started according to the set sequence of the start program, automatically stops after the set corresponding operation time length is operated, automatically starts after the set corresponding stop time length is reached, and the operation is repeated in the above way until an operator presses a stop button on the operation panel. The timing time can be set between minutes and hours at will to meet the requirements of different well conditions of each well. When the oil pump is put into an oil outlet liquid level control mode, after a start button on an operation panel is clicked, when the system judges the setting of the current liquid level detection start, the oil pump is automatically started according to the setting of a start program, otherwise, the oil pump keeps a stop state; and when the admittance radio frequency sensor does not detect the liquid level, the oil pumping unit automatically stops. And when the admittance radio frequency sensor detects that the oil surface is detected, starting the oil pumping unit, and repeating the steps until an operator presses a stop button on a computer operation interface. According to different well condition requirements of each well, an oil outlet liquid level control mode for starting and stopping the well can be arranged on the operation panel. The submergence threshold value and the pump hanging depth can not be simultaneously input in the timing control mode and the oil outlet liquid level control mode.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the intelligent fixed-point spaced control cabinet, automatic start-stop operation can be remotely carried out through a network, so that spaced operation is completed, meanwhile, an automatic program is set in the intelligent fixed-point spaced control cabinet, personnel are not required to carry out field manual operation, the labor intensity of operators is reduced, meanwhile, the intelligent fixed-point spaced control cabinet is not influenced by proficiency of the operators, and the intelligent fixed-point spaced control cabinet can adapt to different use scenes and operation time and is high in operation precision;
2. according to the invention, whether the walking beam is at the bottom dead center position or not is detected through the detection switch when the walking beam is shut down, if the walking beam is detected not to be at the bottom dead center position when the walking beam is shut down, the engine is driven to continue to work until the walking beam rotates to the bottom dead center position, the electric telescopic rod is automatically controlled to contract so that the deflection spring extends to push the connecting rod to deflect, the clamping block is separated from the inside of the clamping interface, the connecting block is separated from the lifting block, the lifting cylinder is located at the bottom dead center position, the phenomenon of pump clamping when the walking beam is opened again is avoided, the walking beam and the crank are automatically locked, the potential safety hazard is avoided, when the walking beam reaches the bottom dead center position when the walking beam is opened again, the electric telescopic rod is automatically controlled to extend so that the deflection rod reaches the vertical state again, the clamping block enters the inside of the clamping interface, and the connecting block and the lifting block are connected and fixed again, so that the normal work can be carried out;
3. the invention adopts remote control, after a specially designed check valve device is installed at a production gate in a Christmas tree of an oil pumping unit, the problem is solved, the device is installed in a tee joint or a four-way coupling of the Christmas tree at the wellhead of the existing oil production well, a plug (inherent part of the wellhead) at the upper part of a tee joint or a four-way joint of a pipeline is disassembled, quick-assembly backflow prevention is put in, then the plug is reinstalled, the function of the backflow prevention or backflow prevention device of the pipeline at the wellhead can be realized, after the device is installed, after liquid produced in the oil production well flows into a supporting seat, a combined valve plate is pushed open to enter a gathering and transportation pipeline, and when the upper pressure and the lower pressure of the combined valve plate are balanced. The combined valve plate is closed under the action of the torsion spring, the liquid channel is cut off, when the pressure at the downstream is higher than that at the upstream, the liquid in the gathering and transportation pipeline cannot enter a well mouth, and the function of pouring or preventing backflow is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a fixed-point start-stop control device of an intelligent intermittent oil pumping unit according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of a horse head lifting mechanism in the intelligent intermittent oil pumping unit fixed-point start-stop control device provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the point A of the intelligent intermittent oil pumping unit fixed point start-stop control device provided by the invention;
fig. 4 is a component list of an intelligent fixed-point intermittent control cabinet in the intelligent intermittent pumping unit fixed-point start-stop control device provided by the invention;
fig. 5 is an internal circuit diagram of an intelligent fixed-point intermittent control cabinet in the fixed-point start-stop control device of the intelligent intermittent pumping unit provided by the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of an intelligent fixed-point intermittent control cabinet in the fixed-point start-stop control device of the intelligent intermittent pumping unit provided by the invention;
fig. 7 is an internal circuit diagram of an intelligent fixed-point intermittent control cabinet in the fixed-point start-stop control device of the intelligent intermittent pumping unit provided by the invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of an internal structure of an intelligent fixed-point intermittent control cabinet in the fixed-point start-stop control device for the intelligent intermittent pumping unit according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a work table; 2. a support table; 3. an automatic hydraulic brake device; 4. a lower stop mechanism; 5. a drive mechanism; 6. an intelligent fixed-point interval control cabinet; 7. a detection lever; 8. an auxiliary frame; 9. a contact switch; 10. connecting blocks; 11. a connecting belt; 12. a connecting assembly; 13. lifting and dropping blocks; 14. a connecting rod; 15. a biasing spring; 16. a deflection port; 17. a clamping block; 18. a card interface; 19. a lifting cylinder; 20. an auxiliary component; 21. an electric telescopic rod; 22. an auxiliary plate; 23. a quick-assembly backflow prevention device; 24. a drive bracket; 25. a connecting rod; 26. a stepless speed regulating belt pulley; 27. a counterbalance; 28. a drive assembly; 29. a drive engine; 30. a transmission belt.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-8, the intelligent intermittent-opening pumping unit fixed-point starting and stopping control device comprises a workbench 1, a supporting table 2 is arranged on the upper side of the workbench 1, a walking beam is rotatably connected to the upper end of the supporting table 2, a horse head is arranged at one end of the walking beam, a lower stop mechanism 4 is arranged at one end of the workbench 1, a driving mechanism 5 is arranged on the upper side of the workbench 1, and an intelligent fixed-point intermittent-opening control cabinet 6 is arranged at the far end of the workbench 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment specifically includes: use actuating mechanism 5 to carry out the control of rising and falling to walking beam one end, and then drive the horse head and rise and fall and accomplish the oil pumping operation, give the instruction to actuating mechanism 5 through intelligent fixed point spaced apart switch board 6 when the whole mechanism that needs to close stops to pump oil, make the horse head stop at bottom dead center with lower stop mechanism 4 under lower stop mechanism 4's cooperation work simultaneously.
As shown in fig. 2 to 3, the embodiment specifically is: whether the position of the walking beam is at the bottom dead center or not can be judged by detecting the pressing and loosening conditions of the switch, and meanwhile, the position of the connecting block 10 is controlled through the connecting band 11 when the horse head rises and falls, and then the position of the connecting assembly 12 is controlled.
Coupling assembling 12 is including the landing piece 13, the landing piece 13 both ends are rotated and are connected with connecting rod 14, connecting rod 14 one side is equipped with deflection spring 15, landing piece 13 both sides are opened there is deflection mouth 16, deflection spring 15 distal end is fixed in inside deflection mouth 16, connecting rod 14 distal end is equipped with joint piece 17, connecting block 10 both sides are opened has the joint mouth 18 the same with joint piece 17 size, open at the 8 lower extreme of auxiliary frame has the opening, landing piece 13 downside is equipped with the cylinder 19 that rises and falls that runs through the opening inside, 8 both sides of auxiliary frame are equipped with auxiliary assembly 20, auxiliary assembly 20 includes electric telescopic handle 21, electric telescopic handle 21 one end is fixed in 8 both sides of auxiliary frame, electric telescopic handle 21 distal end is fixed with accessory plate 22, accessory plate 22 sliding connection is inside auxiliary frame 8, detection switch is automatic when whole mechanism starts up to electric telescopic handle 21 extension control, shorten control to electric telescopic handle 21 when whole mechanism shuts down.
As shown in fig. 3, the embodiment specifically includes: electric telescopic handle 21 extension makes accessory plate 22 pushed out during normal work, and then promote connecting rod 14 and be in vertical state, joint piece 17 and then inside joint mouth 18, deflection spring 15 is compressed inside deflection mouth 16, can accomplish connecting block 10 and the connection of playing the landing piece 13 fixed through connecting rod 14, can drive the landing piece 13 and rise and fall in the in-process that rises and falls of horse head, and then accomplish the oil pumping operation through cylinder 19 that rises and falls, when needs shut down, control electric telescopic handle 21 shrink when the walking beam reachs bottom dead center, can promote the auxiliary rod under the extension reset effect of deflection spring 15 and deflect and accomplish the separation of playing landing piece 13 and connecting block 10, it is in the bottom to guarantee cylinder 19 that rises and falls, connecting block 10 controls electric telescopic handle 21 extension when reopening can connect connecting block 10 and the landing piece 13 once more and carry out normal oil pumping work once more when the bottom.
The lower end of the auxiliary frame 8 is provided with a quick-assembly anti-backflow device 23, the quick-assembly anti-backflow device 23 is installed in a tee joint or a four-way coupling of a Christmas tree at the wellhead of the existing oil production well, a screwed plug (an inherent accessory of the wellhead) on the tee joint or the four-way joint of the pipeline is disassembled, the quick-assembly anti-backflow device 23 is put in, then the screwed plug is reinstalled, the function of anti-backflow or anti-backflow device for the pipeline of the oil production wellhead can be realized, and the far end of the lifting cylinder 19 is fixed at the working end of the quick-assembly anti-backflow device 23.
As shown in fig. 3, the embodiment specifically includes: after the liquid produced in the oil production well flows into the supporting seat, the combined valve plate is pushed and opened to enter the gathering and transportation pipeline, when the pressure of the combined valve plate is balanced up and down, the combined valve plate is closed under the action of the torsion spring to cut off a liquid channel, and when the pressure of the downstream is higher than that of the upstream, the liquid in the gathering and transportation pipeline cannot enter a well mouth, so that the function of pouring or backflow prevention is realized.
As shown in fig. 2, the embodiment specifically includes: the drive engine 29 drives the stepless speed regulation belt pulley 26 to rotate, so that the control walking beam can be driven to rotate to finish oil pumping operation, the intelligent fixed-point intermittent control cabinet 6 is used for controlling the drive engine 29 to stop when the stop is required, and meanwhile, the walking beam and the crank are tightly held under the action of the automatic hydraulic brake device 3.
When the intelligent fixed-point intermittent control cabinet 6 works in a local mode, the intelligent fixed-point intermittent control cabinet has similar functions to other common motor control cabinets, the due effect can be exerted only when the intelligent fixed-point intermittent control cabinet works in a remote mode, and the remote control mode supports three modes of operation, namely a remote direct start and direct stop mode, a timing control mode and an oil outlet liquid level control mode.
As shown in fig. 2 to 8, the embodiment specifically is: the remote control mode of the intelligent fixed-point spaced control cabinet 6 can support three modes of operation, namely a remote direct start and direct stop mode, a timing control mode and a liquid level control mode. The three modes are switched by an operation panel on an SCADA system operator station, wherein the liquid level control mode must be used with the liquid level admittance radio frequency sensor device. When the panel of the control cabinet is twisted to the direction of a local button, the pumping unit is in a direct start and direct stop mode, and the start and stop operation is similar to that of local start and stop. When the timing control mode is put into, after a start button on the operation panel is clicked, the pumping unit is started according to the set sequence of the start program, automatically stops after the set corresponding operation time length is operated, automatically starts after the set corresponding stop time length is reached, and the operation is repeated in the above way until an operator presses a stop button on the operation panel. The timing time can be set between 1 minute and 60000 minutes and 1000 hours to meet the requirements of different well conditions of each well. When the oil pump is put into an oil outlet liquid level control mode, after a start button on an operation panel is clicked, when the system judges the setting of the current liquid level detection start, the oil pump is automatically started according to the setting of a start program, otherwise, the oil pump keeps a stop state; and when the admittance radio frequency sensor does not detect the liquid level, the oil pumping unit automatically stops. And when the admittance radio frequency sensor detects that the oil surface is detected, starting the oil pumping unit, and repeating the steps until an operator presses a stop button on a computer operation interface. According to different well condition requirements of each well, an oil outlet liquid level control mode for starting and stopping the well can be arranged on the operation panel. The submergence threshold value and the pump hanging depth can not be simultaneously input in the timing control mode and the oil outlet liquid level control mode.
The working principle is as follows: whether the position of the walking beam is positioned at a bottom dead center or not can be judged by detecting the pressing and releasing conditions of the switch, meanwhile, when the horse head rises and falls, the position of the connecting block 10 is controlled through the connecting band 11, the position of the connecting component 12 is further controlled, when the horse head works normally, the electric telescopic rod 21 extends to enable the auxiliary plate 22 to be pushed out, the connecting rod 14 is further pushed to be in a vertical state, the clamping block 17 and the clamping port 18 are further compressed inside the deflection port 16, the deflection spring 15 is compressed inside the deflection port 16, the connecting block 10 and the lifting block 13 can be connected and fixed through the connecting rod 14, the lifting block 13 can be driven to rise and fall in the rising and falling process of the horse head, the oil pumping operation is further completed through the lifting cylinder 19, when the walking beam needs to be shut down, when the walking beam reaches the bottom dead center, the electric telescopic rod 21 is controlled to contract, under the extension and reset action of the deflection spring 15, the auxiliary rod can be pushed to deflect to complete the separation of the lifting block 13 and the connecting block 10, the lifting cylinder 19 is ensured to be positioned at the bottom end, when the connecting block 10 is opened again, the electric telescopic rod 21 is controlled to extend when the connecting block 10 is positioned at the bottom end, so that the connecting block 10 and the lifting block 13 can be connected again for normal oil pumping work, when liquid produced in an oil production well flows into the supporting seat, the combined valve plate is pushed to open and enters the gathering and transportation pipeline, when the pressure on the combined valve plate is balanced up and down, the combined valve plate is closed under the action of the torsion spring, a liquid channel is cut off, when the pressure on the downstream is higher than that on the upstream, the liquid in the gathering and transportation pipeline cannot enter a well head, the function of pouring or backflow prevention is realized, the driving engine 29 drives the stepless speed regulating belt pulley 26 to rotate, the walking beam is driven to rotate to finish oil pumping operation, when the stopping is required, the intelligent fixed-point inter-open control cabinet 6 is used for controlling the stopping of the driving engine 29, and simultaneously the walking beam and the crank are tightly held under the action of the automatic hydraulic brake device 3, the brake part is divided into a manual brake and a hydraulic automatic brake, the hydraulic automatic brake is an automatic hydraulic brake device 3, the automatic brake is mainly used in the using process, when the automatic brake has problems and does not work, the manual brake can be used for working, a dead point proximity switch is arranged under a horse head, the monitoring can be carried out when the horse head reaches the dead point, one side of a quick-assembly type backflow prevention device 23 is provided with a check valve and a liquid level detection device, the check valve and the liquid level detection device are arranged at a wellhead and are not integrated with a workbench, and the output end of a driving engine 29 is a stepless speed change belt pulley.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an intelligence is opened beam-pumping unit fixed point and is stopped and stop controlling means which characterized in that: including workstation (1), workstation (1) upside is equipped with brace table (2), brace table (2) upper end is rotated and is connected with the walking beam, walking beam one end is equipped with the horse head, workstation (1) one end is equipped with down and ends mechanism (4), workstation (1) upside is equipped with actuating mechanism (5), workstation (1) distal end is equipped with intelligent fixed point and opens switch board (6) within a definite time.
2. The intelligent intermittent-starting pumping unit fixed-point start-stop control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: stop mechanism (4) are including examining test bar (7) and auxiliary frame (8) down, it is fixed in brace table (2) upper end to examine test bar (7), it is equipped with contact switch (9) to examine test bar (7) upside, auxiliary frame (8) are fixed in workstation (1) one end, the auxiliary frame (8) outside is fixed with auxiliary frame (8), open auxiliary frame (8) upper end has the opening, auxiliary frame (8) inside sliding connection has connecting block (10), connecting block (10) upside is equipped with through open-ended connecting band (11), connecting band (11) upper end is fixed in the horse head upper end, auxiliary frame (8) lower extreme is equipped with coupling assembling (12).
3. The intelligent intermittent-starting pumping unit fixed-point start-stop control device according to claim 2, characterized in that: coupling assembling (12) are including playing falling block (13), it rotates at falling block (13) both ends and is connected with connecting rod (14), connecting rod (14) one side is equipped with deflection spring (15), it has deflection mouth (16) to play falling block (13) both sides open, deflection spring (15) distal end is fixed in inside deflection mouth (16), connecting rod (14) distal end is equipped with joint piece (17), connecting block (10) both sides open have with joint mouth (18) that joint piece (17) size is the same, auxiliary frame (8) lower extreme is opened there is the opening, it is equipped with the inside cylinder (19) that rises and falls of through opening to play falling block (13) downside, auxiliary frame (8) both sides are equipped with auxiliary assembly (20).
4. The intelligent intermittent-starting pumping unit fixed-point start-stop control device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the auxiliary assembly (20) comprises an electric telescopic rod (21), one end of the electric telescopic rod (21) is fixed on two sides of the auxiliary frame (8), an auxiliary plate (22) is fixed at the far end of the electric telescopic rod (21), and the auxiliary plate (22) is connected to the inside of the auxiliary frame (8) in a sliding mode.
5. The intelligent intermittent-starting pumping unit fixed-point start-stop control device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the detection switch automatically controls the extension of the electric telescopic rod (21) when the whole mechanism is started, and controls the shortening of the electric telescopic rod (21) when the whole mechanism is shut down.
6. The intelligent intermittent-starting pumping unit fixed-point start-stop control device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the quick-mounting type backflow prevention device (23) is arranged at the lower end of the auxiliary frame (8), the quick-mounting type backflow prevention device (23) is installed in a tee joint or a four-way coupling of a Christmas tree at the wellhead of the existing oil production well, a screwed plug (an inherent part of the wellhead) on the tee joint or the four-way upper portion of a pipeline is disassembled, the quick-mounting type backflow prevention device (23) is placed into the quick-mounting type backflow prevention device, then the screwed plug is reinstalled, the function of the backflow prevention device or the backflow prevention device can be achieved through the pipeline of the Christmas wellhead, and the far end of the lifting cylinder (19) is fixed at the working end of the quick-mounting type backflow prevention device (23).
7. The intelligent intermittent-starting pumping unit fixed-point start-stop control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: actuating mechanism (5) are including drive support (24) and two connecting rods (25), drive support (24) are installed in workstation (1) upside, two connecting rod (25) one end rotate respectively connect in the walking beam both sides, drive support (24) inside rotation is connected with infinitely variable speed belt pulley (26), drive support (24) both sides are rotated and are connected with the crank, two connecting rod (25) distal end rotates respectively to be connected in two the crank distal end, the crank distal end is equipped with balancing piece (27), workstation (1) upside is equipped with drive assembly (28).
8. The intelligent intermittent-starting pumping unit fixed-point start-stop control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the driving assembly (28) comprises a driving engine (29), a transmission belt (30) is arranged on the outer side of the stepless speed regulation belt pulley (26), the far end of the transmission belt (30) is arranged at the output end of the driving engine (29), and an automatic hydraulic brake device (3) is arranged at the output end of the driving engine (29).
9. The intelligent intermittent-starting pumping unit fixed-point start-stop control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the intelligent fixed-point intermittent control cabinet (6) has the function similar to that of other common motor control cabinets when working in a local mode, the due effect can be exerted only when working in a remote mode, and the remote control mode supports three modes of operation, namely a remote direct start and direct stop mode, a timing control mode and an oil outlet liquid level control mode.
10. The control method of the intelligent intermittent-start pumping unit fixed-point start-stop control device according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
s1, an Ethernet communication module (IP addresses uniformly distributed by using units are bound) is integrated in the programmable controller in the control cabinet, the Ethernet communication module is connected to a well site communication box through a network cable, and then an optical fiber connected with the well site communication box is connected with a SCADA system of the using unit production network, so that real-time data interaction between a well site and a control center is realized, and operation and management personnel monitor the pumping well between targets through a computer interface of a control room in real time.
S2, when the pumping unit needs to be started, the intelligent fixed-point spaced control cabinet (6) is set according to an internal program, firstly, voice alarm is started, people nearby the pumping unit are prompted to evacuate to a safe distance, the alarm lasts for 3 times, each time lasts for 10 seconds, after the alarm action is completed, the electric telescopic rod (21) is extended to complete connection of the lifting block (13) and the connecting block (10), the automatic hydraulic brake device (3) is started, the brake is released, the brake is ensured to be completely released, at the moment, the walking beam is influenced by gravity, can slowly rotate to a new stable state, the delay is about 5 seconds, the motor of the pumping unit is started, and a starting instruction is completed.
S3, when a stop instruction is received, the intelligent fixed point spaced control cabinet (6) starts a stop program arranged inside, firstly, whether the horse head position reaches a lower dead point limit is judged through a detection switch (considering the operation inertia, the horse head lower dead point here detects a non-absolute position), if not, the pumping unit continues to run until the horse head position is detected to reach the bottom dead center, the control program immediately cuts off the main power supply of the motor of the pumping unit, meanwhile, the automatic hydraulic brake device (3) is started to hold tightly, at the moment, the horse head continues to descend under the inertia effect, the holding stroke of the automatic hydraulic brake is synchronous, the walking beam type pumping unit is ensured to be stopped and stabilized at the lower dead point of the horse head, meanwhile, the electric telescopic rod (21) is shortened to separate the connecting block (10) and the lifting block (13), and the lifting cylinder (19) is ensured to be positioned at the lower end of the auxiliary frame (8) when the auxiliary frame is closed.
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