CN205599660U - Underground soil pollution's plant prosthetic devices - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an underground soil pollution's plant prosthetic devices, the device moulds the membrane including the limit of restoreing its crossgrowth of plant and circumference encirclement restoration plant root system restriction, to mould the membrane be both ends open -ended hollow columnar structure to the limit, and it is regional that secret soil pollution is goed deep into at top and ground parallel and level, bottom, and culture medium is loaded to inside, the restoration plant in among the culture medium. The utility model discloses the membrane is moulded to the limit that sets up its crossgrowth of restriction in the circumference of restoreing the plant, through the limit mould the membrane make restore the plant can be more rationally to the underground pollution wait to restore region growing, improved remediation efficiency, realized high -efficient ground soil normal position restoration purpose.

Description

The phytoremediation device that a kind of underground pollutes

Technical field

This utility model relates to pollution law technical field, particularly relates to the phytoremediation device that a kind of underground pollutes.

Background technology

Through the process of industrialization of decades, a large amount of factories are closed down because of severe contamination.Find through investigation, most All there is pollution in various degree in factory, and with a varied topography various owing to polluting time length, geology, and pollution condition is more complicated. Contaminated soil, on the one hand by direct polluted underground water, causes water deficiency to people, and on the other hand pollutant turn with subsoil water Move, not only pollute underground, and be likely to physical features lower ground watchband is come serious ecological crisis.

According to features of pollution, underground is polluted big reduction of a fraction two classes by earth's surface: a class is that pollutant are not by subsoil water and the shadow of landform Ring, permeate immediately below polluter, and spread to surrounding, form so-called " pollution clouds "；Such pollution range is measurable, not The situation of pollutant transfer occurs, can remove by engineering means, repair or isolate.Another kind of, it is that pollutant penetrate into ground Along with landform, direction of groundwater flow, skew occurs after Xia, form strip contaminated zone, be referred to as " Pollution Plume ", be characterized in that earth's surface is polluted Area is little, and earth's surface diffusion is inconspicuous, but along with the increasing of pollution depth, pollutant levels are gradually increased, and diffusing phenomenon are notable, Contaminated area is likely to be breached the several times of earth's surface contaminated area to decades of times.This pollution type crypticity is strong, identity is poor, pollutes The degree of depth more than 10m typically can be arrived in serious region, repairs means by engineerings such as broken tables and substantially cannot be carried out, and engineering is disturbed The dynamic diffusion unavoidably polluting thing.And select biological restoration means same because the degree of depth is difficult to carry out greatly.

At present, the research report using plant restoration method to administer underground contaminated soil is more, such as:

Application publication number is that the application for a patent for invention document of CN104607448A discloses a kind of reparation Cd contaminated soil or water The method of body, the method uses south Herba corydalis racemosae to repair Cd contaminated soil or water body as vegetable material, and step is as follows: 1) By in south Herba corydalis racemosae sprigging to Cd contaminated soil or water body, the growth course after the Herba corydalis racemosae of south keeps soil or water body PH value between 5～8；2) periodically gathering in ground or the above water of south Herba corydalis racemosae, the Cd continued to soil or water body contains Amount reaches environmental quality requirement.Cadmium in the method sustainable extraction soil and water body, thus it is dirty to remove the cadmium in soil or water body Dye.

Application publication number is the side that the application for a patent for invention document of CN102553903A discloses a kind of restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal Method, the method selects soil nutrient and the relatively low heavy-metal contaminated soil of the content of organic matter to repair；Plantation rehabilitation plant companion ore deposit Herba hylotelephii erythrosticti；During until plant length is to plant height 5～10cm, add organic waste and biosurfactant respectively in plant roots circle district； Every 60d, repeat to apply a biosurfactant to soil；After rehabilitation plant maturation, results ground and under ground portion, Focus on；Measure heavy metal content in soil.The method by biosurfactant by heavy metal from soil particle under desorbing Come, improve the biological effectiveness of heavy metal.

Said method is mainly for the selection of rehabilitation plant kind and coordinates the research of soil-repairing agent of rehabilitation plant, for such as The research what more reasonably adjusts rehabilitation plant root growth situation is less.Therefore, it is necessary to for the growth of rehabilitation plant root system And move towards to study, to guarantee that root system of plant can more effectively process contaminated soil, improve soil remediation efficiency.

Utility model content

This utility model provides the phytoremediation device of a kind of underground pollution soil, and this device can reasonably adjust reparation plant Root growth, improve soil remediation efficiency.

The phytoremediation device of a kind of underground pollution soil, including repairing plant and circumferentially surrounding reparation plant root to limit it horizontal The limit plastic film of growth；Described limit plastic film is the hollow columnar structures of both ends open, and top is concordant with ground, and Polluted Soil is goed deep in bottom Earth region, the internal cultivation matrix that loads, plant is planted in described cultivation matrix in reparation.

Specifically, the material of described limit plastic film is density polyethylene film with high.This film is impermeable, anticorrosion；Reparation plant can be limited The cross growth of root system.

Further, a diameter of the 0.6～0.8m of described limit plastic film, the degree of depth >=6m.

For improving repairing effect, need to make full use of the factors such as soil, moisture content, air and guide root system to grow to deep soil；When Root growth, to when limiting bottom plastic film, i.e. can extend out to four and scatter, form obvious rhizosphere effect；Participation in microorganism declines Solve organic pollution, or directly absorb root system organic pollution by transpiration, at plant vivo degradation or volatilized by leaves Go out, thus realize the in-situ immobilization to bottom contaminated soil.

Cultivation matrix is arranged to gradient, as preferably, if described cultivation matrix is along being longitudinally divided into dried layer, from top to bottom, cultivates The sand content of substrate successively reduces, and the content of organic matter successively increases.

It is further preferred that described cultivation matrix is divided into contour five layers, from top to bottom, the sand content of each layer be followed successively by 75～95%, 55～65%, 35～45%, 25～34%, 5～15%, the content of organic matter is followed successively by 5～15%, 16～25%, 26～35%, 36～45%, 46～55%.

The hierarchical Design of above-mentioned cultivation matrix is conducive to the growth of root system of plant and constantly extends to deep soil.

Additionally, as preferably, the inner vertical to described limit plastic film interts for the conveying pipe for cultivation matrix offer water and air； It is easy to water to root system of plant, utilizes root system hydrotropism to guide root system to grow to deeper soil layer simultaneously；In plant growing early stage, Being mainly used to water, normally survive plant, after root system independently absorbs water, this conveying pipe, mainly as breather, contributes to meeting The root system of plant needs to air.

As preferably, described conveying pipe offers some sprocket holes.

As preferably, described conveying pipe arranges sprocket hole at equal intervals.

As preferably, the sustained height of described conveying pipe arranges the sprocket hole of several equal apertures.

Further, a diameter of the 10～15cm of described conveying pipe；A diameter of the 0.8 of described sprocket hole～1.0cm.Described conveying Pipe is inserted directly into the bottom concordant with limit plastic film.

In order to avoid cultivation matrix enters in the sprocket hole carrying pipe, at the stainless steel cloth of periphery one layer of 10 mesh of parcel of conveying pipe (aperture is 2mm).It addition, when inserting cultivation matrix, the water content of all cultivation matrixes is 75～85%, be conducive to The survival of plant, it is possible to avoid sand material to pass through aperture and enter in sprocket hole.

As preferably, the top of described limit plastic film is provided with antiseepage film, antiseepage film offers for conveying pipe through opening.

As preferably, the bottom of described limit plastic film is higher than level of ground water 0.5～1m.

As preferably, described reparation plant is willow or willow.It is relatively deep that the root system of this trees penetrates soil, chooses the age of tree 2 years Above seeds, it is easy to survive, absorb water and dirt-removing power is strong.

Specifically, described willow is Xinjiang poplar or gray poplar；Described willow is Salix fragilis L. or Salix nigra.

According to the size of planting plants tree crown, on the premise of plant growing does not influences each other, planting plants the most thick and fast, As preferably, the described spacing in the rows repairing plant is 5～8m.

Compared with prior art, this utility model has the advantages that

This utility model limits the limit plastic film of its cross growth repairing being wrapped circumferentially around of plant, makes reparation plant energy by limit plastic film Enough more reasonably to the growth of the area to be repaired of underground pollution, improve remediation efficiency, it is achieved that soil in-situ repairs mesh efficiently 's.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the phytoremediation device that this utility model underground pollutes；

Wherein, 1, plant is repaired；2, limit plastic film；3, cultivation matrix；4, conveying pipe；5, sprocket hole；6, antiseepage film；

A is overground part；B is underground part pure land region；C is underground part contaminated soil region；D is subsoil water saturated zone.

Detailed description of the invention

As it is shown in figure 1, the phytoremediation device of a kind of underground pollution soil, including repairing plant 1 and circumferentially surrounding reparation plant Root system limits the limit plastic film 2 of its cross growth.

Limit plastic film 2 is the hollow cylindrical configuration of both ends open, and material is density polyethylene film with high, and top is concordant with ground, bottom Going deep into contaminated soil region, the bottom of limit plastic film is higher than level of ground water 0.5m, a diameter of 0.7m of limit plastic film；Outside limit plastic film Wall is affixed with filling out the inwall putting the deep-well for phytoremediation, and the bottom of deep-well is higher than level of ground water 0.5m, a diameter of 0.7m.

The inside of limit plastic film 2 is filled with cultivation matrix 3, repairs plant 1 and plants in cultivation matrix 3.Containing of cultivation matrix 3 The water yield is 80%；Cultivation matrix waits highly five layers along being longitudinally divided into, from top to bottom, the amount containing yellow ground is followed successively by 80%, 60%, 40%, 30%, 10%, organic (muck) content is followed successively by 10%, and 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%；Remaining component is Unselected clay.

Cultivation matrix 3 inner vertical is interspersed with one for the conveying pipe 4 providing water and air for cultivation matrix, conveying pipe 4 A diameter of 12cm, is in the centre repairing plant 1 with limit plastic film 2.For ease of preferably providing the water and air also can be in cultivation base The conveying pipe 4 of 1～3 is interted in the inside of matter 3.Some sprocket holes 5 are offered on conveying pipe 4；Wherein, on conveying pipe 4 not only Sprocket hole 5 is set at equal intervals, the sprocket hole 5 of four equal apertures is also set on sustained height, a diameter of 0.5cm of sprocket hole. Conveying pipe 4 is inserted directly into concordant with bottom limit plastic film 2.In order to avoid cultivation matrix enters in the sprocket hole carrying pipe, defeated Send the stainless steel cloth (aperture is 2mm) of periphery one layer of 10 mesh of parcel of pipe.

Repair plant 2 and use willow or willow, such as Xinjiang poplar, gray poplar, Salix fragilis L. or Salix nigra；Repair plant 2 Planting the degree of depth in cultivation matrix 3 between 1.5～2m, the spacing in the rows repairing plant in points of contamination is 6m.

The initial planting of rehabilitation plant, timing is watered to earth's surface until plant transplantation is successful, after plant survival, by antiseepage film 6 Limit plastic film top is sealed, antiseepage film 6 offers for conveying pipe through opening, then by conveying pipe pour water, When not pouring water, conveying pipe provides air as vent line.

Application examples 1

Use said apparatus to carry out phytoremediation, specifically comprise the following steps that

(1) centered by polluter, the pollutant kind in Soil Surrounding, the degree of depth and concentration are investigated, according to pollutant Survey result, is drawn up by Surfer software film and makees the features of shape of three-dimensional Pollution Plume, (as shown in Figure 1).

(2) points of contamination of scope within the selection Pollution Plume degree of depth is 6～10m, digging diameter is 0.7m, and the degree of depth is higher than subsoil water The deep-well of position 0.5～1m.

(3) in well, place the high density polyethylene (HDPE) limit plastic film of the hollow cylindrical configuration of both ends open, make limit plastic film outer wall recline deeply Well inwall, and make limit plastic film top concordant with ground, bottom stretches to bottom deep-well.

(4) adding water content in limit plastic film and be the cultivation matrix of 80%, wherein, cultivation matrix is along height such as being longitudinally divided into Five layers, from top to bottom, the amount containing yellow ground of each layer is followed successively by 80%, 60%, 40%, 30%, 10%, and organic (muck) contains Amount is followed successively by 10%, and 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%；Remaining component is unselected clay.

(5) being transplanted to cultivation matrix by the willow of more than the 2 years age of trees, planting depth is between 1.5～2m, and spacing in the rows is 6m again, Cultivate.

(6) cultivation during, to limit plastic film inner vertical intert one for for cultivation matrix provide water and air conveying pipe, Carry and on pipe, offer the sprocket hole arranged at equal intervals, and on sustained height, be provided with the sprocket hole of several equal apertures, conveying pipe The a diameter of 0.8cm. of a diameter of 12cm, sprocket hole

The initial planting of rehabilitation plant, timing is watered to earth's surface until plant transplantation is successful, after plant survival, will by antiseepage film Limit plastic film top seal, antiseepage film offers for conveying pipe through opening, then by conveying pipe pour water, every time Irrigation quantity is 20L, and the 1st month is once a day, and the 2nd month is twice a week, and 3-4 month is 1 times a week, backsight trees The situation that survives take the circumstances into consideration to pour water, enable trees normally to survive.When not pouring water, conveying pipe is cultivation as vent line Substrate provides air.

(7) according to step (6), persistently cultivation rehabilitation plant willow, until soil is up to standard.

According to above-mentioned implantation methods, rehabilitation plant plantation can be survived for about 1 year, and in 2～3 years, its root system i.e. can reach contaminated area The edge in territory.After the Poplar Roots planted reaches Polluted area, root system of plant can obtain moisture from deep soil, And by the pollutant absorption and transport in soil to plant shoot, by dirty in detection overground part branch and leaf, stem and underground part root system The content of dye thing, it is judged that heavy metal and the content of organic pollution.

The place of plant growing is typical industry contaminated site, pollutant include the heavy metals such as cadmium, zinc, lead and copper, trichloro ethylene, Nitrobenzol, benzene homologues, Polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon；After testing, wherein, cadmium concentration is 19mg/kg, and zinc concentration is 950mg/kg, Lead concentration is 740mg/kg, and copper concentration is 460mg/kg；The mean concentration of trichloro ethylene and Nitrobenzol is 81mg/kg and 149 mg/kg；The average pollution concentration of benzene homologues is 45.3mg/kg；The average pollution concentration of Polychlorinated biphenyls is 69.6mg/kg；Multi-ring The average pollution concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons is 15.4mg/kg.

Detection willow is to underground Heavy Metals in Contaminated Soils and organic absorbing state.

Concrete detection method is as follows: takes rehabilitation plant and plants blade, stem and the root system of the 3rd year, measures blade, stem and root system In each heavy metal element and organic content (being measured by ICP-OES after clearing up completely by acid solution), understand willow plantation Within 3rd year, to underground Heavy Metals in Contaminated Soils and organic absorbing state, result is as shown in table 1.The mensuration side of following index Method, as all used conventional determining method without special indicating.

Table 1 willow is to the absorption of soil common contaminant, removal effect

Note: in above-mentioned heavy metal repair process, willow does not shows toxic effect.

Embodiment 2

, test as rehabilitation plant with willow (Salix nigra), concrete restorative procedure and assay method all with embodiment 1 phase With, result is as shown in table 2.

Table 2 willow is to the absorption of soil common contaminant, removal effect

Note: in above-mentioned heavy metal repair process, willow does not shows toxic effect.

From can clearly plant willow and willow the 3rd year heavy metal after planting by the above results and organic pollution has bright Aobvious extraction effect, Er Qiegen, stem, leaf are different to the accumulation ability of pollutant.Plant is mainly reflected in for heavy metal Accumulation, and some organic pollutants in root system of plant, plant all it may happen that Degradation, part is volatilizable pollutant Can be by the transpiration of blade.

As a example by heavy metal pollution, in the willow that dry weight is 150kg or willow, heavy metal distribution is at trunk and annual de- Two parts of the blade fallen, the extraction effect of trunk heavy metal is as shown in table 3.Except trunk, tree root heavy metal extraction in addition to, The blade come off every year is also accumulated from plurality of heavy metal, produces the leaves calculating of 10～30kg every year with each tree, then 10 years can Producing the blade of 100-300kg, its heavy metals removal amount is suitable with the trunk removal amount of a 150kg.

Table 3 every willow, the extraction effect of willow heavy metal

Heavy metal kind	Heavy metal concentration (mg/kg)	Extracted amount (g)
			Cd	1.7～7.5	0.255～1.125
Zn	130～260	19.5～39
			Pb	4～23	0.6～3.45
Cu	20～55	3～8.25

It can be seen from the results above that willow and willow are complicated, various to the removal effect of organic contamination, target contaminant includes Pesticide, trichloro ethylene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, Polychlorinated biphenyls etc..Root system of plant contributes to maintaining the multiformity of biological community structure, Significantly improve the degradability of organic pollution.

Therefore, the low molecular organic material of major part easily degraded is all degraded under the microbial action of root system of plant and is made by plant Utilizing for nutriment, a small amount of refractory organic compounds absorbs moisture with root system of plant and enters plant, then part by rising, The effect discharge such as vivo degradation or decomposing organic pollutant, very small amount organic matter remains in plant.

The contact area of root system of plant and subsoil water can be effectively increased by the range of activity limiting root system of plant, strengthen plant roots System absorbs and the ability of degradation of contaminant.According to the studies above data, in Pollution Plume, plant deep root seeds willow, willow, The organic contamination weight can effectively degraded or absorb in subsoil water and heavy metal, significantly reduce the content of underground water pollutant, Place deep layer polluted soil phyto reparation is provided new method.

Claims (10)

1. the phytoremediation device that a underground pollutes, it is characterised in that include repairing plant and circumferentially surrounding reparation plant Root system limits the limit plastic film of its cross growth；Described limit plastic film is the hollow columnar structures of both ends open, and top is concordant with ground, Soil pollution region is in depth descended in bottom, and the internal cultivation matrix that loads, plant is planted in described cultivation matrix in reparation.

2. phytoremediation device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the material of described limit plastic film is high density polyethylene (HDPE) Film.

3. phytoremediation device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that if described cultivation matrix is along being longitudinally divided into dried layer, From top to bottom, the sand content of cultivation matrix successively reduces, and the content of organic matter successively increases.

4. phytoremediation device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described cultivation matrix is divided into five layers, from top to bottom, The sand content of each layer is followed successively by 75～95%, 55～65%, 35～45%, 25～34%, 5～15%, the content of organic matter be followed successively by 5～15%, 16～25%, 26～35%, 36～45%, 46～55%.

5. phytoremediation device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the inner vertical of described limit plastic film be interspersed with for The conveying pipe of water and air is provided for cultivation matrix.

6. phytoremediation device as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that offer some sprocket holes on described conveying pipe.

7. phytoremediation device as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that on described conveying pipe, sprocket hole is set at equal intervals.

8. phytoremediation device as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that arrange some on the sustained height of described conveying pipe The sprocket hole of individual equal aperture.

9. phytoremediation device as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the top of described limit plastic film is provided with antiseepage film, anti- Ooze offer on film for conveying pipe through opening.

10. phytoremediation device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the bottom of described limit plastic film is higher than level of ground water 0.5～1m.