CN205557441U - Half permeable breakwater - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a pair of half permeable breakwater, its shaping is in under water, and it includes levee body, inverted filter, pavement structure and wave wall, wherein, the levee body is the main part of breakwater, and the inverted filter is laid on the levee body, lays the anti unrestrained structure of pavement structure formation above the inverted filter, the wave wall installation is laid in the top of levee body. The inside a plurality of sand bag of filling of levee body, pack the grit in the sand bag, sand bag construction on water is piled up and is formed cofferdam under water at the edge of levee body to protect the side that backfill runs off and consolidates the backfill levee body. Overburden soil worker pipe racks on the sand bag, geotechnological pipe racks is piled up in the sand bag top, forms land cofferdam, and tubulose sand bag and geotechnological pipe racks are piled up respectively in the edge of levee body, and the backfill of the embankment heart avoids or reduce its infiltration running off, and the reinforcement levee body is marginal, improves the stability against sliding of levee body, plays the effect of strengthening rib, promotes the overall stability of breakwater, and the dyke heart adopts backfill with building material such as reduction dyke cardiolith, sparingly engineering cost.

Description

A kind of half permeable breakwater

Technical field

This utility model relates to the hydraulic engineering such as breakwater, shore protection field, particularly relates to a kind of half permeable breakwater.

Background technology

Breakwater is the impulsive force of blocking-up wave, goes along with sb. to guard him basin, the maintenance water surface steadily to protect harbour to affect from terrible weather, So that safety of ship berths and operation and the building built, its traditional structure forms can be largely classified into vertical type and ramp type.

Sloping breakwater is a kind of wide variety of water conservancy project breakwater structure form.Its feature mainly dike heart is made up of the stone that cuts into a mountain, ground Requirement for bearing capacity is low, it is adaptable to soft foundation marine site.Wave is at floor crushing, and dike front-reflection is little, and stability in the large is high and is prone to Maintenance.Due to sloping breakwater simple in construction, easy construction, it is not necessary to large lifting equipment, therefore extensively built.Traditional is oblique Slope formula breakwater structure, its material usage is greatly increased with the increase of deep water, therefore the tradition inapplicable depth of water of sloping breakwater relatively deep and Less marine site, building stones source.

Vertical breakwater is usually type breakwater structure, and this structure is maintained Stability Analysis of Structures, conventional structure by own wt Form includes normal concrete square-shaped, huge concrete blocks formula, reinforced concrete caisson formula and large-diameter circular cartridge type etc..Side Block formula upstanding bank is sturdy and durable, easy construction, can resist bigger wave, but its deadweight is relatively big, and foundation stress is big, concrete Consumption is many, installs under water and workload of diving under water is big, and construction speed is slow, and levee body stability in the large is poor.Caisson type upstanding bank is overall steady Qualitative good, installation workload waterborne is little, and construction speed is fast, backfills gravel and can reduce cost in casing, but caisson fortune waterborne The navigation channel of the enough depth of water of defeated needs, caisson wall is thin, is easily damaged by sea water intrusion in fluctuation of water table district, to ground requirement for bearing capacity Height, more the wave is high for levee crown.Large-diameter circular cartridge type upstanding bank simple in construction, material usage saves, can be used for soft soil foundation, but its structure Complicated mechanism, by a definite limitation when use.

Itself there is certain environmental effect, development over time, the ionodialysis in concrete in ocean large-sized concrete building In sea water, marine environment can be caused certain impact, in the area that environmental requirement is the highest, deep water large-scale xoncrete structure breakwater There is environment hidden danger.

Marine structure gradually moves towards deep water, maximization at present, and site condition becomes increasingly complex, and difficulty of construction is also increasing, There is many limits in traditional structure pattern in the problem such as stone material usage amount, the ground suitability and the structure feature of environmental protection of deep water breakwater System, can not meet engine request.Therefore adapting to complex geological condition, save stone material or concrete, environmentally friendly is deep Water breakwater developmental research becomes the most urgent.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to propose a kind of stabilized structure, build half simple, to be applicable to deep water waters permeable anti-ripple Dike.

One half permeable breakwater that this utility model provides, it takes shape under water, and it includes levee body, inverted filter, pavement structure And bulwark, wherein, described levee body is the main body of breakwater, and inverted filter is layed on levee body, lays mask above inverted filter Structure forms anti-wave structure, and described bulwark installs the top being layed in levee body.Described levee body is internal fills several sandbags, institute Stating filling sandstone in sandbag, described sandbag over-water construction is also piled up at the edge of levee body formation underwater cofferdam, with protection backfill stream Lose and reinforce the side of levee body.

Preferably, in a tubular form, several sandbags are layered on top of each other along levee body edge to be piled up described sandbag.

Preferably, overburden soil work pipe racks on described sandbag, described geotechnique's pipe racks is piled up above sandbag, and described geotechnique's pipe racks passes through Sand pump blast molding, and pile up the land cofferdam of formation.Described geotechnique's pipe racks is closed into bag by water-permeable and air permeable high strength geotextile and blows Sand is formed.

Preferably, being filled with backfill material inside described levee body, described backfill material is sea sand, sand, cobble, rubble.

Preferably, described bulwark is installed on the top of levee body, and offsets with the pavement structure outside levee body and combine closely, and makes Obtain bulwark to be firmly installed on levee body, improve overall wave resistance steadiness.

Compared with prior art, a kind of half permeable breakwater of this utility model, use the mode of multistage stacking, be layered the anti-ripple of molding Dike, including the dike heart, sandbag, geotextile tube belt etc., tubulose sandbag and geotechnique's pipe racks pile up the edge in levee body respectively, embankment The backfill material of the heart, it is to avoid its seepage, reinforced embankment edge at one's side, improves the stability against sliding of levee body, plays the effect of reinforcement, carry Rise the stability in the large of breakwater.It addition, fill the hard fillers such as sand by sandbag or geotechnique's pipe racks to carry out stacked in multi-layers, both Sand running-down will not be made, there is good environment friendly, will not cause because of sand running-down and inrush；Meanwhile, at breakwater Forming method on, by split hull waterborne filling sand enter in sandbag, automation mechanized operation, it is not necessary to underwater performance, improve dike The efficiency of body molding, improves the safety and stability of construction.Levee body has half Permeable characteristic, is especially suitable for deep-sea tide-electricity Stand the building of water-retention wave resistance breakwater.Meanwhile, decrease concrete and the use of dike cardiolith, reduce building cost, can be because of ground Suiting measures to different conditions ground utilizes littoral metaling or sandstone, draws materials conveniently, and the ground suitability is strong, it is adaptable to soft base matter seashore or building stones The area that source lacks.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of half permeable breakwater of this utility model.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the technical solution of the utility model is described in detail.

With reference to shown in Fig. 1, one half permeable breakwater that this utility model provides, it takes shape under water, it include levee body 1, Inverted filter 2, pavement structure 3 and bulwark 4, wherein, described levee body 1 is the main body of breakwater, and inverted filter 2 is layed in levee body On, above inverted filter 2, to lay pavement structure 3 form anti-wave structure, described bulwark 4 installs the top being layed in levee body.

Described breakwater is trapezoidal, and it is piled up by multiple filler and forms, including multiple-level stack safeguard structure, at the inside dike of levee body The heart fills chiltern backfill material or little gravel, and the backfill stockpile of dike interior portion is built into trapezoidal, the profile of breakwater is substantially piled into Type, backfill material can be gathered materials on the spot, and reduces concrete and the consumption of dike cardiolith, and treatment in accordance with local conditions ground uses base material to fill as the dike heart, The backfill material such as sea sand or cobble is as the main body of breakwater, and owing to using little granule filler, the little water penetration of levee body infiltration coefficient is weak.

Filling several sandbags 10 inside levee body 1, fill sandstone in described sandbag 10, described sandbag 10 is piled up at levee body 1 Edge formed underwater cofferdam, to reinforce the side of levee body 1.In a tubular form, several sandbags 10 are along levee body 1 for described sandbag 10 Edge is layered on top of each other to be piled up.The internal backfill material that is filled with of described levee body 1, described backfill material is sea sand, sand, cobble, rubble. Described sandbag 10 stacks block along the marginal layer of levee body 1, and tubulose sandbag 10 is easy to firm stacking, and contact area is big, and pack is convenient, The sandbag that be will be filled with sandstone by impression suture is sealed, and is paved by sandbag after sealing, and is put in water, multiple sandbags Be stacked on the edge of levee body, dike interior portion structure reinforced and sealed, prevent the dike heart backfill material loss, play protection and Barrier effect, had both strengthened the edge of levee body, prevented again the dike heart backfill stream from losing.

Overburden soil work pipe racks 12 on described sandbag 10, described geotechnique's pipe racks 12 is piled up above sandbag 10, forms land enclosing Weir.Described geotechnique's pipe racks 12 is blown into sandstone by sand pump and is formed.Sandbag 10 and geotechnique's pipe racks 12 have multiple action, and one is by sand Bag formation underwater cofferdam, encloses the dike heart returning filler deposition, it is to avoid it unloads and Lou causes dam break；On the other hand, due to Sandbag dead weight is big, can resist bigger wave in the construction time, therefore build this breakwater, need not additionally in construction period Protection, the cost-effective and duration；Meanwhile, the filling of sandbag and geotechnique's pipe racks can complete, by stormy waves weather etc. on dress large junk Extraneous factor impact is little, uses sealing sandbag to be stacked on the edge of the dike heart, is affected without by environment in water and the degree of depth, engineering Operation easier is substantially reduced, it is only necessary to pack location is thrown in into water, eliminates risk and the maintenance of submerged structure, and tubulose is husky A diameter of 2m-5m, a length of 10m-30m of bag.Geotechnique's pipe racks is a diameter of for 1m-3m, a length of 20m-100m.

Sandbag is identical with the effect of geotechnique's pipe racks, is provided to form cofferdam structure, and difference is: both structures are different, husky Bag is to sew up border after high-strength geotextile sand loading folds to form sandbag structure, and geotechnique's pipe racks is finished product.Physical dimension is different, The size of sandbag depends on out the size of body barge, typically can reach 20-30m, and profile height can reach about 1.5-2m, The size of geotechnique's pipe racks depends on field condition, blast ability etc., and general length can arrive 50m or longer, and profile height can With the highest to 2m-3m.Construction method is different, and body barge form of construction work is opened at the sea that sandbag mainly uses, and can be formed Cofferdam structure in deep water, what geotechnique's pipe racks used is usually land construction mode, or combines offshore construction mode, it is desirable to water The depth, fills sand aqueous mixtures the most inside by sand pump, and after discharging water, remaining sand and geotextile tube band form cofferdam.Filler Difference, can be typically the particulate matter such as dry sand or small crushed stone in sandbag, is mainly sand aqueous mixtures, then passes through in geotechnique's pipe racks Water is leached by geotechnique's pipe racks itself, remaining gravel.Geotechnique's pipe racks (Geo-tube) and use that this product is land to be blown inside it Sand forms cofferdam structure, and rapidly, capacity of anti-storm is strong in construction, and the construction time is without protection.

Described bulwark 4 is installed on the top of levee body 1, and offsets with the pavement structure 3 outside levee body 1 and combine closely, and makes Obtain bulwark to be firmly installed on levee body, improve overall wave resistance steadiness.Set up in the outside of sandbag 10 or geotechnique's pipe racks 12 There is pinner layer 5, reinforce the side steadiness of levee body 1.

Preferably, outside sandbag or geotextiles or inverted filter are laid in inner side, composition filters structure.Fall to consider structure and mainly have two kinds: Tradition falls consider structure and consider geotextiles, and Main Function is to stop fine particle thing to ooze out loss between bulky grain thing, considers knot Structure is typically located at the interface that two kinds of grain diameters differ greatly.Tradition is fallen to consider structure and is mainly made up of grating stone, construction ratio More complicated；Falling to consider geotextiles mainly uses the reasonable geotextiles of water penetration to be laid immediately on what two kinds of grain diameters differed greatly Interface, due to the development of present manufacturing process, worry geotextiles of falling can meet considers requirement.Preferably, at breakwater Levee crown install bulwark；Lay pavement structure in the outside of breakwater and form breakwater anti-wave structure.Pavement structure is mainly laid On the top layer of breakwater, material is mainly block stone, concrete manufactured blocks etc., and it is mutual that effect is dependent between deadweight and block Occlusion links the effect of effect opposing wave.Use tubulose sandbag to form the method that cofferdam ramming becomes dike, lay on body barge opening Geotextiles, sand loading, fold, sew up and be transported to job location and open a position and cast, be formed hierarchically cofferdam；The anti-wave of tubulose sandbag and the energy of stream Power is strong, and the construction time is without protection.

This utility model additionally provides the forming method of a kind of half permeable breakwater, and it comprises the following steps:

1) seal after inserting sandstone in sandbag；

2) it is arranged in levee body edge by the sandbag input water of sealing is piled up, forms classification cofferdam under water；

3) treating that classification cofferdam is formed under water, in cofferdam, throwing backfill material is to top, classification cofferdam, cofferdam internal backfill material water outlet；

4) geotechnique's pipe racks is laid in the both sides, sandbag top after water outlet, puts into sea water and the sand material of certain proportion mixing in geotechnique's pipe racks, Sewing up to be formed and close permeable geotechnological pipe racks, geotechnique's pipe racks self leaves sand material, multilamellar geotechnique's pipe racks phase after being discharged by inside sea water Stacking forms land classification cofferdam mutually；

5) mode of land construction or over-water construction or both combinations is used to backfill material in land classification cofferdam to designed elevation；

6) molding inverted filter, pavement structure and bulwark, the most plastic described half permeable breakwater successively.

First, using the backfill stockpile such as sand or rubble to insert in water, certain altitude to be stacked to, backfill material surfaces, dike Body heap is in echelon；Then, laying high-strength geotextile, molding sandbag in opening body barge cabin, filling sandstone also seals；Then, Open body transportation by lighter to walk to job location and open hold and cast, the sandbag of sealing is put into successively arrangement stacking in water, is formed under water Classification cofferdam, sandbag to be stacked surfaces, and treats that classification cofferdam is formed under water, and in cofferdam, throwing backfill material is to classification cofferdam Top, repetitive operation is until sandbag classification cofferdam water outlet, and water outlet is expected in the internal backfill in cofferdam；It follows that the sandbag top after water outlet Geotechnique's pipe racks is laid in both sides, portion, and sea water and sand mixture sand pump according to a certain percentage are blown into geotechnique's pipe racks, and geotechnique's pipe racks is certainly Body leaves sand material after being discharged by inside sea water, geotechnique's pipe racks is overall with bag medium sand material quickly forms land classification cofferdam structure；Use Land construction or over-water construction or both modes of combination backfill material in land classification cofferdam；Finally, repetitive operation until In classification geotechnique's pipe racks cofferdam and cofferdam, backfill material is to designed elevation, finally, install consider soil structure, bed course block stone, mask and Other structures such as wave wall.By sandbag and geotechnique's pipe racks, the backfill material of the dike heart is enclosed, reinforces the structure of levee body periphery, And prevent backfill material from leaking out.

When loading sandbag, refute cooperation large junk by body of opening waterborne, refute the directly backfill big sandbag of tubulose opening body, insert sandstone After, sew up opening, refuted direct throwing enter in water by opening body, it is not necessary to big machinery is equipped, and it is the most convenient to install, operation simply, Do not affected by the depth of water, it is not necessary to underwater construction operation, provided certain convenience and safety for construction.Dike core material is sand Core, small crushed stone or cobble, the stone that cuts into a mountain of the main 60-500kg of dike core material of current sloping breakwater, core ramp type is prevented Ripple dike is domestic not to be had substantially；The price of dike core material directly affects construction costs.

A kind of half permeable breakwater of this utility model, uses the mode of multistage stacking, is layered molding breakwater, including the dike heart, sand Bag, geotextile tube belt etc., tubulose sandbag and geotechnique's pipe racks pile up the edge in levee body respectively, the backfill material of the embankment heart, it is to avoid Its seepage, reinforced embankment edge at one's side, improves the stability against sliding of the soil body, plays the effect of reinforcement, promote the overall steady of breakwater Qualitative.It addition, carry out stacked in multi-layers by sealing the hard fillers such as bag filling sand, both will not make sand running-down, have good Good environment friendly, will not cause dam break, and affect water quality because of sand running-down；Meanwhile, on the forming method of breakwater, Enter in sandbag by split hull waterborne filling sand, automation mechanized operation, it is not necessary to underwater performance, improve the efficiency of levee body molding, Improve the safety and stability of construction.Due to the granule that the infiltration coefficients comparisons such as dike heart backfill material is dredged sand, small crushed stone are little Material, after levee body structure formation, under long-term Gravitative Loads, particulate interspaces is closely knit, simultaneously because section width is wider, sea water Seepage paths is the longest, and water penetration is the most weak.The breakwater of this half Permeable characteristic can use sea tidal power station etc. outside to have anti-for breakwater In the project that wave sand block and reservoir impoundment power generation require.Levee body has half Permeable characteristic, is especially suitable for deep-sea tidal power station water-retention wave resistance and prevents The building of ripple dike.Meanwhile, decrease the use of concrete, reduce building cost, littoral building stones can be utilized in treatment in accordance with local conditions ground Or sandstone, draw materials conveniently, and the ground suitability is strong, it is adaptable to the area that soft base matter seashore or building stones source lack.

Embodiment described above only have expressed several embodiments of the present utility model, and it describes more concrete and detailed, but not Therefore the restriction to this utility model the scope of the claims can be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art For, without departing from the concept of the premise utility, it is also possible to make some deformation and improvement, these broadly fall into this practicality Novel protection domain.Therefore, the protection domain of this utility model patent should be as the criterion with claims.

Claims (6)

1. one and half permeable breakwater, it takes shape under water, it is characterized in that including levee body, inverted filter, pavement structure and bulwark, wherein, described levee body is the main body of breakwater, inverted filter is layed on levee body, above inverted filter, lay pavement structure form anti-wave structure, described bulwark installs the top being layed in levee body, described levee body is internal fills several sandbags, filling sandstone in described sandbag, described sandbag over-water construction is also piled up and is formed classification cofferdam under water at the edge of levee body, loses and reinforce the side of levee body with protection backfill stream.

Half permeable breakwater the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in a tubular form, several sandbags are layered on top of each other along levee body edge to be piled up described sandbag.

Half permeable breakwater the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: overburden soil work pipe racks on described sandbag, described geotechnique's pipe racks is piled up above sandbag, and described geotechnique's pipe racks is by sand pump blast molding, and piles up the land cofferdam of formation.

Half permeable breakwater the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described geotechnique's pipe racks is closed into bag by water-permeable and air permeable high strength geotextile and blast is formed.

Half permeable breakwater the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: being filled with backfill material inside described levee body, described backfill material is sea sand, sand, cobble or small crushed stone.

Half permeable breakwater the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described bulwark is installed on the top of levee body, and offsets with the pavement structure outside levee body and combine closely so that bulwark is firmly installed on levee body, improves overall wave resistance steadiness.