CN205138819U - Soil sampler - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a soil sampler, which is mainly composed of a sampling pipe, a mud pushing piston and a sampling pipe head fitted at the bottom end of the sampling pipe. Under the premise of ensuring the smooth flow of soil sampling into the pipe, it can effectively prevent the mud core from exiting the pipe cavity when the pipe is drawn, so that the sampling pipe can completely take out the mud core soil sample, and the mud pushing piston equipped in the sampling pipe can conveniently Push out the core soil samples to provide continuous and complete core soil samples for soil census testing. The utility model has the outstanding advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, convenient sampling operation, labor-saving and time-saving, high success rate of one-time sampling, and good quality of soil sample collection rules, which is useful for accurate detection and acquisition of soil information and improvement of precision agricultural management level It has obvious technical effects and has excellent application prospects in soil testing and sampling operations.

Description

soil sampler

technical field

The utility model relates to a mechanical device for collecting soil samples, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural soil testing and sampling equipment, in particular to a soil sampler, which is especially suitable for performing deep sampling operations on cultivated soil layers, and is useful for accurate detection and acquisition of cultivated land. Soil information and improving the scientific informatization level of agricultural soil management have very obvious technical effects.

Background technique

As far as our country's basic national conditions are concerned, our country is a large agricultural country with a vast land and abundant resources and hundreds of millions of farmers engaged in agricultural production. Agricultural production is a basic industry that maintains the national economy and the people's livelihood. The sustainable and scientific development of agricultural economy plays a very important supporting role in ensuring the material supply of the people and improving the development level of my country's national economy. The key to scientific planning and development of precision agriculture is to do a good job in agricultural land survey and detection, and to accurately grasp the soil information of cultivated land. The "soil sampling" technical device and method is an important key link to obtain the soil information of the cultivated layer in the field. In the agricultural soil census and detection work, not only the surface soil samples of the cultivated land must be collected evenly, but also the depth sampling should be carried out according to the thickness of the cultivated layer. Only by detecting soil samples at different depths of the plow layer can we fully and accurately grasp the internal information of the soil. That is to say, "deep sampling" is the most practical and effective technical method to obtain soil information inside the cultivated layer. So far, a straight-pipe soil sampler has been widely used in deep soil sampling operations. Its basic structure is a linear sampling pipe body. According to technical requirements such as thickness and planting variety distribution characteristics, select sampling points on the ground; then align the bottom of the sampling tube with the selected sampling point and insert it into the cultivated soil in a vertical direction. The insertion depth must be detected according to the thickness of the cultivated layer. Depending on the operation specification, when the tube body is gradually inserted into the soil, the soil in the cultivated layer can enter the sampling tube layer by layer and be stored in the tube cavity; then firmly hold the handle and pull out the sampling tube straight up, and then Constantly tapping the pipe body to shake out the mud core in the pipe cavity is the depth soil sample of the cultivated land profile. So far, the operation of deep sampling of the cultivated land soil has been completed. Although this "straight tube soil sampler" has been maturely used in agricultural soil testing and sampling operations for many years, we need not deny that the current "straight tube soil sampler" also has "one-time sampling" in actual use. Low success rate, poor continuous integrity of collected soil samples” and other technical structural defects, which are manifested in: 1. Since the pipe body is a straight pipe structure, it is not easy to take out the mud core completely when pulling the sampling pipe straight up from the soil center, The phenomenon of "empty mining" often occurs in which the mud core exits the tube cavity and remains in the original soil. In actual use, it usually takes repeated operations to bring out the mud core, resulting in labor-intensive and time-consuming sampling operations; 2. The current coring operation method of "knocking the pipe body to shake out the mud core" is not scientific and reasonable. When knocking, it will not only damage the pipe body and cause deformation, but also easily destroy the original shape of the mud core and affect the collection of soil samples. continuous integrity. This is exactly where the current "straight tube soil sampler" needs to be further improved and perfected, and this is also a technical issue that the current soil sampling equipment research and development and production industry has long hoped to solve.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies existing in the prior art and to propose a soil sampler with a new structure, which can continuously and completely collect the soil samples of the cultivated layer, and has the advantages of simple structure, easy production and low manufacturing cost, and can be used in the field. It has the advantages of convenient portability, light and fast sampling operation, high sampling success rate and good integrity of collected soil samples.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The utility model proposes a soil sampler, which includes a sampling tube and a sampling tube head fitted at the bottom of the sampling tube, and is characterized in that: the sampling tube head is an inverted tapered tube hole structure, and the inverted tapered tube hole The inner cone angle α is 5°-12°. Its remarkable structural features are: the bottom of the sampling tube adopts a detachable threaded connection to fix and assemble the sampling tube head, and the inner taper angle of the inverted tapered tube hole is set in the sampling tube head to form a "neck" stop structure, When the sampling tube is drawn straight up from the soil core, the "neck" at the bottom of the sampling tube head can effectively prevent the collected soil cores stored in the tube cavity from exiting the sampling tube, ensuring that the sampling tube can completely take out the collected soil cores sample. The trial results show that its "one-time sampling success rate" can be as high as 95%, and it has the advantages of convenient operation, labor-saving and time-saving, high sampling success rate, and good quality of collected plow layer soil samples.

In order to better realize the purpose of the invention of the utility model, it further has the following technical characteristics:

The inner taper angle α of the inverted tapered pipe hole of the sampling pipe head is 8°. After repeated trials, it has been shown that in the actual production and manufacturing, the optimal control of the inner taper angle α of the inverted tapered pipe hole to 8° can form the optimal "neck opening" anti-retraction functional structure. This structural design is both It can ensure that when the sampling pipe head is inserted into the soil of the plow layer, the soil is taken layer by layer to form a continuous and complete mud core smoothly, and it can also have an excellent necking and anti-retraction function when the sampling pipe is drawn out. It is stable and improves the success of one-time sampling. The rate has obvious technical effects.

A mud pushing piston is equipped in the tube cavity of the sampling pipe, and the mud pushing piston is provided with a balance air hole. After the operator pulls out the sampling tube from the soil and takes out the mud core, then removes the sampling tube head, holds the handle and pushes down the piston rod, then the mud core collected and stored in the sampling tube cavity can be easily pushed out by the mud pushing piston , to obtain continuous and complete soil sample cores of the depth profile of the cultivated layer for agricultural soil census testing. The purpose of setting the balance air holes on the mud-pushing piston is to make the mud-pushing piston in an "equal pressure" force state. This structural design can make the operation of soil sampling and coring more convenient and fast, labor-saving and time-saving, and has great advantages. Good use effect. It should also be noted that the piston rod can be fully retracted and placed in the lumen of the sampling tube, which is particularly convenient for storage, storage and field operation.

A group of sampling observation holes are arranged on the pipe wall of the sampling pipe, and a sampling depth scale is marked on the surface of the sampling pipe corresponding to a group of sampling observation holes. This structural design is particularly convenient for observing and mastering the depth of inserting into the tillage layer to collect soil samples, and has a good effect on guiding operators to work on site and completing sampling technical indicators.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the progress of the following substantive features:

The utility model is the first to create a soil sampler that can prevent the collected mud core from retreating when the pipe is sucked. When inserting the soil, it can ensure that the soil is sampled smoothly to form a mud core, and it can effectively prevent the mud core from exiting the tube cavity when the tube is drawn, so that the sampling tube can completely take out the soil core sample of the plow layer. The trial shows that its disposable The sampling success rate can reach more than 95%. At the same time, the cavity is also equipped with a mud pusher piston, which can easily and smoothly push out the mud cores collected in the cavity, providing a complete soil test for agricultural soil census. The plow layer soil sample core has obvious technical effects on accurately obtaining cultivated land soil information and improving the level of scientific information management of precision agriculture.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model, also makes summary accompanying drawing.

Fig. 2 is the left side view (partial) of Fig. 1, showing a schematic diagram of the structure of the sampling tube with a set of sampling observation holes and a scoring depth gauge.

Explanation of the marks in the attached drawings:

1 is the pressure handle, 2 is the sampling tube, 3 is the sampling observation hole, 4 is the balance air hole, 5 is the inverted tapered tube hole, 6 is the sampling tube head, 7 is the thread structure, 8 is the lumen, and 9 is the mud pushing piston , 10 is the piston rod, 11 is the cap, 12 is the handle, and 13 is the sampling depth gauge.

detailed description

Describe embodiment of the present utility model below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

The utility model proposes a soil sampler, which is mainly composed of a sampling tube 2, a sampling tube head 6, and a mud pushing piston 9 and a piston rod 10 fitted in the sampling tube 2, and the mud pushing piston 9 is provided with a balance Air holes 4, a pair of pressing handles 1 are installed symmetrically on the sampling tube 2, a cap 11 is equipped on the upper end of the sampling tube 2, a group of sampling observation holes 3 are set on the tube wall of the sampling tube 2, and a group of corresponding sampling observation holes 3 are arranged. Sampling depth ruler 13 is marked at the position of hole 3, and described sampling pipe head 6 adopts detachable threaded structure 7 to be fixedly connected and installed on the bottom of sampling pipe 2, and sampling pipe head 6 is set to the structure of inverted tapered pipe hole 5 , in the actual production and manufacture, the inner taper angle α of the inverted tapered pipe hole 5 is controlled to 8°, which can form a "neck" structure with the best back-stop function, which can ensure smooth sampling and soil extraction. Next, it can have the function of preventing the mud core from withdrawing from the lumen 8 when drawing the pipe. It carries out the soil depth sampling operation in the following way: the operator first selects the sampling point position on the cultivated land to be tested and determines the sampling depth according to the technical requirements such as soil type, plow layer thickness and planting variety distribution characteristics; The bottom of the head 6 is aligned with the sampling point, hold the pressure handle 1 and apply a downward force to slowly insert the sampling tube 2 into the soil of the cultivated land in the vertical direction, and the tillage can be made in the process of gradually inserting the sampling tube 2 into the soil. Layers of soil enter the sampling pipe 2 layer by layer from the sampling pipe head 6 to form a mud core and store it in the pipe cavity 8. The operator can visually observe the insertion through a set of sampling observation holes 3 and the sampling depth gauge 13 provided on the sampling pipe 2. until it reaches the sampling depth determined according to the technical requirements of soil testing; then firmly hold the handle 1 and pull out the sampling tube 2 straight up to take out the mud core completely. It should be noted that in the process of pumping up the tube, It is due to the structure of the inverted tapered pipe hole 5 "neck opening" arranged at the bottom of the sampling pipe head 6, which can effectively prevent the mud core collected and stored in the pipe cavity 8 from exiting the sampling pipe 2, which ensures that the sampling pipe 2 can It has obvious technical effect to bring out the deep soil core samples collected from cultivated land completely. After the operator pulls out the sampling tube 2 containing the mud core from the soil, he can disassemble the sampling tube head 6, lay the sampling tube 2 flat, and then slowly push the handle 12 and drive the mud pushing piston 9 to the bottom through the piston rod 10. The end moves, and then the soil mud core is pushed out smoothly by the mud pushing piston 9, so far, the continuous and complete mud core soil sample of the cultivated land depth profile can be obtained for the agricultural soil census and detection. Probation through a long period shows that: adopt the soil sampler proposed by the utility model to carry out the one-time success rate of depth sampling can reach more than 95% and can make the mud core soil sample of collection keep the original real state of continuous rule, it is accurate to It has very obvious technical effects to detect and completely obtain the internal deep information of cultivated land soil, and then improve the level of precision agricultural information management.

Claims (3)

1. A soil sampler, which includes a sampling tube (2) and a sampling tube head (6) fitted to the bottom of the sampling tube (2), characterized in that: the sampling tube head (6) is an inverted cone The tube hole (5) structure, the inner cone angle (α) of the inverted tapered tube hole (5) is 5°-12°; the cavity (8) of the sampling tube (2) is equipped with a mud pushing piston (9 ), the mud pushing piston (9) is provided with a balance air hole (4). 2. The soil sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner cone angle (α) of the inverted tapered tube hole (5) of the sampling tube head (6) is 8°. 3. The soil sampler according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: a set of sampling observation holes (3) are arranged on the wall of the sampling tube (2), corresponding to one on the surface of the sampling tube (2). The position of the group sampling observation hole (3) is marked with a sampling depth gauge (13).