CN204824775U - 一种低碳气体燃料的制备系统 - Google Patents

一种低碳气体燃料的制备系统 Download PDF

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CN204824775U
CN204824775U CN201520504774.8U CN201520504774U CN204824775U CN 204824775 U CN204824775 U CN 204824775U CN 201520504774 U CN201520504774 U CN 201520504774U CN 204824775 U CN204824775 U CN 204824775U
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毛志明
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Abstract

本实用新型属于气体燃料技术领域,具体涉及一种低碳气体燃料的制备系统。制备的低碳气体包括体积分数1-50%的氢气及余量的天然气,所述天然气贮罐、氢气贮罐、混合器及混合气贮罐,所述天然气贮罐及氢气贮罐连接所述混合器输入端,所述混合器输入端连接所述混合气贮罐本实用新型的技术效果:本实用新型低碳气体燃料的主要优点是利用现阶段的工业基础推进氢气在能源方面的应用,使全国乃至全球由现有的化石能源转向低碳、无碳的能源,提供切实可行的方案。

Description

一种低碳气体燃料的制备系统
技术领域
本实用新型属于气体燃料技术领域,具体涉及一种低碳气体燃料的制备系统。
背景技术
目前常用的气体燃料大体分成四类:
第一类是天然气,含煤层气。我国正在大力推广,但我国资源少且分布不均。目前已建成的西气东输等管道将天然气的输往东部各省。
第二类是电石气,即乙炔气,是由碳化钙加水反应生成,而碳化钙(也称电石)的制造必须耗费大量的电能,生产成本较高,污染大。
第三类是煤气,是通过煤炭在高温时加水制成,由于要耗用大量的煤炭且放出二氧化碳等污染物,成本较高且污染严重。
第四类是氢气。氢气是新型能源载体。氢气可以用煤、天然气、石油等气化、重整制得,也可用电解水制得。氢气已经用于航天航空的火箭发射,现在研究将其用于氢能汽车。由于氢气的特殊性质,尚未见其用于工业燃料的报道。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的在于提出一种新的低碳气体燃料的制备系统。
本实用新型的技术方案具体如下:
一种低碳气体燃料的制备系统,制备的低碳气体包括体积分数1-50%的氢气及余量的天然气,所述天然气贮罐、氢气贮罐、混合器及混合气贮罐,所述天然气贮罐及氢气贮罐连接所述混合器输入端,所述混合器输入端连接所述混合气贮罐。
所述天然气贮罐通过天然气预处理单元连接混合器的天然气输入端,所述氢气贮罐通过氢气预处理单元连接混合器的氢气输入端。
进一步地,所述天然气输入端设置在所述混合器上部,所述天然气输入端为天然气入口,所述氢气输入端设置在所述混合器底部,所述氢气输入端为氢气入口;
所述天然气预处理单元包括脱硫、脱水、换热、调压及稳压组件。
进一步地,所述制备系统还包括氢气阻火器、控制仪表、计量装置、第一旁路阀、第二旁路阀、安全装置及放空装置;
所述混合器连接所述控制仪表及计量装置,所述第一旁路阀一端连接在天然气贮罐的输入端,另一端连接在天然气预处理单元的输出端上,所述第二旁路阀一端连接在氢气贮罐的输入端上,另一端连接在氢气预处理单元的输出端上,氢气贮罐的输入端前端安装氢气阻火器,所述制备系统的管路通过安全装置连接放空装置。
进一步地,所述天然气入口连接天然气排放管道,所述氢气入口连接一氢气排放端口,所述混合器顶部设置混合气出口端。
进一步地,所述天然气排放管道围置于所述混合器内侧上部,所述天然气排放管道具有多个排放出口,所述排放出口均匀围置所述混合器内侧上部,所述排放出口前端呈90°弯折,并排放出口端口面向混合器底侧;
所述氢气排放端口整体为圆盘状,并在圆盘状的上端面上均匀分布氢气出口,所述氢气出口尺寸为直径5-30mm的圆孔,所述氢气出口方向面向所述混合器顶部;
所述混合气出口整体适配混合器内侧顶部结构,所述混合气出口端的下表面设有多个混合气出口,所述混合气出口外侧延伸为凹部,并所述凹部连接所述混合气出口端下表面。
进一步地,所述混合器上部外侧对应所述天然气排放管道的位置设有纳米促进层,所述纳米促进层内设有纳米促进材料。
本实用新型的技术效果:本实用新型低碳气体燃料的主要优点是利用现阶段的工业基础推进氢气在能源方面的应用(先前,氢气主要用于化工原料),使全国乃至全球由现有的化石能源转向低碳、无碳的能源,提供切实可行的方案。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型的结构示意图;
图2为本实用新型的混合器的结构示意图;
图3为本实用新型的混合器的气体流向示意图;
图4为本混合器的天然气排放管道的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本实用新型的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本实用新型进行进一步详细描述。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释本实用新型,并不用于限定本实用新型。
相反,本实用新型涵盖任何由权利要求定义的在本实用新型的精髓和范围上做的替代、修改、等效方法以及方案。进一步,为了使公众对本实用新型有更好的了解,在下文对本实用新型的细节描述中,详尽描述了一些特定的细节部分。对本领域技术人员来说没有这些细节部分的描述也可以完全理解本实用新型。
如图1所示,本实用新型提供一种低碳气体燃料的制备系统,所述低碳气体燃料的制备系统包括天然气贮罐1、天然气预处理单元2、氢气阻火器3、氢气贮罐4、氢气预处理单元5、混合器6、控制仪表7、混合气贮罐8、第一旁路阀9、第二旁路阀10;具体为天然气贮罐1的输出端连接天然气预处理单元2的输入端,所述天然气预处理单元2的输出端连接混合器6的天然气输入端,所述氢气贮罐4的输出端连接氢气预处理单元5的输入端,所述氢气预处理单元5的输出端连接所述混合器6的氢气输入端,所述混合器6连接所述控制仪表7,所述混合器6的输出端连接所述混合器贮罐8,所述第一旁路阀9一端连接在天然气贮罐1的输入端,另一端连接在天然气预处理单元2的输出端上,所述第二旁路阀10一端连接在氢气贮罐4的输入端上,另一端连接在氢气预处理单元5的输出端上,氢气贮罐4的输入端前端安装氢气阻火器3,氢气需要通过氢气阻火器3再进入氢气贮罐4中。
本实用新型提供的制备系统还包括计量装置、安全装置及放空装置,所述计量装置连接在混合器上,所述制备系统的所有管道上均通过安全装置连接放空装置,所述计量装置、安全装置及放空装置为现有技术中常用的设备,在说明书附图中不直接示出。所述天然气预处理单元及氢气预处理单元均包括脱硫、脱水、换热、调压及稳压组件,所述脱硫、脱水、换热、调压及稳压组件组合使用,所述脱硫、脱水、换热、调压及稳压组件均为现有技术中常用设备。
所述天然气贮罐1中天然气来源于化工副产品、或煤层气、天然气、焦炉煤气等,并且天然气的浓度符合国家天然气燃气标准。
所述氢气贮罐4中的氢气来源于多种途径,具体可为化工副产氢气(焦炉煤气、高炉煤气、氯碱副产气等),化石燃料制氢、矿物制氢、电解水制氢、生物质制氢,氢气浓度大于99%。
如图2所示,本实用新型提供的混合器6包括天然气入口64、氢气入口65,所述天然气入口64设置在混合器6上部处,并连接天然气排放管道66,所述天然气排放管道66围置于所述混合器6内侧上部,所述天然气排放管道66具有多个排放出口,所述排放出口均匀围置所述混合器6内侧上部,所述排放出口前端呈90°弯折,并排放出口端口面向混合器6底侧,所述氢气入口65设置在混合器6底部中心处,并所述氢气入口65连接一氢气排放端口62,所述氢气排放端口62整体为圆盘状,并在圆盘状的上端面上均匀分布氢气出口,所述氢气出口尺寸为直径5-30mm的圆孔,所述氢气出口方向面向所述混合器6顶部,所述混合器6顶部设置混合气出口端63,所述混合器出口气63整体为圆盘状,具体可替换为适配混合器6内侧顶部结构的其他结构,所述混合气出口端63通过混合气运输管道81连接所述混合气贮罐8,所述混合气出口端63的下表面设有多个混合气出口,所述混合气出口外侧延伸为凹部,并所述凹部连接所述混合气出口端下表面。
所述混合器上部外侧对应所述天然气排放管道66的位置设有纳米促进层61,所述纳米促进层61内设有纳米促进材料,所述纳米促进材料为具有红外辐照的材料即可,例如纳米碳化硅粉末或纳米氧化铜粉末。
所述天然气贮罐内的天然气来源于化工副产品,或煤层气、天然气、焦炉煤气等,但天然气浓度应符合国家天然气燃气标准。
为保证混合气均匀,要在进入气体混合器之前,氢气和天然气各自调节温度和压力,将氢气与天然气的温度控制在差幅不超过20℃即可,同时保证氢气及天然气的稳定,压力差幅不超过2Mpa即可。
在混合器中,要求计量准确,保证混合气浓度及精度符合下游用户的需要。
当混合气中的氢气的体积分数等于或小于1%时,允许其氢气来源自特殊电解水装备的氢氧混合气(俗称布朗气),此时允许氧气体积分数小于1/2氢气体积分数。

Claims (6)

1.一种低碳气体燃料的制备系统,其特征在于,所述制备系统包括天然气贮罐、氢气贮罐、混合器及混合气贮罐,所述天然气贮罐及氢气贮罐连接所述混合器输入端,所述混合器输出端连接所述混合气贮罐。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备系统,其特征在于,所述天然气贮罐通过天然气预处理单元连接混合器的天然气输入端,所述氢气贮罐通过氢气预处理单元连接混合器的氢气输入端;
所述天然气输入端设置在所述混合器上部,所述天然气输入端为天然气入口,所述氢气输入端设置在所述混合器底部,所述氢气输入端为氢气入口;
所述天然气预处理单元包括脱硫、脱水、换热、调压及稳压组件。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备系统,其特征在于,所述制备系统还包括氢气阻火器、控制仪表、计量装置、第一旁路阀、第二旁路阀、安全装置及放空装置;
所述混合器连接所述控制仪表及计量装置,所述第一旁路阀一端连接在天然气贮罐的输入端,另一端连接在天然气预处理单元的输出端上,所述第二旁路阀一端连接在氢气贮罐的输入端上,另一端连接在氢气预处理单元的输出端上,氢气贮罐的输入端前端安装氢气阻火器,所述制备系统的管路通过安全装置连接放空装置。
4.根据权利要求2所述的制备系统,其特征在于,所述天然气入口连接天然气排放管道,所述氢气入口连接一氢气排放端口,所述混合器顶部设置混合气出口端。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制备系统,其特征在于,所述天然气排放管道围置于所述混合器内侧上部,所述天然气排放管道具有多个排放出口,所述排放出口均匀围置所述混合器内侧上部,所述排放出口前端呈90°弯折,并排放出口端口面向混合器底侧;
所述氢气排放端口整体为圆盘状,并在圆盘状的上端面上均匀分布氢气出口,所述氢气出口尺寸为直径5-30mm的圆孔,所述氢气出口方向面向所述混合器顶部;
所述混合气出口整体适配混合器内侧顶部结构,所述混合气出口端的下表面设有多个混合气出口,所述混合气出口外侧延伸为凹部,并所述凹部连接所述混合气出口端下表面。
6.根据权利要求4所述的制备系统,其特征在于,所述混合器上部外侧对应所述天然气排放管道的位置设有纳米促进层,所述纳米促进层内设有纳米促进材料。
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