CN204618474U - Integral type mammal anoxia experimental simulation device - Google Patents
Integral type mammal anoxia experimental simulation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN204618474U CN204618474U CN201520270958.2U CN201520270958U CN204618474U CN 204618474 U CN204618474 U CN 204618474U CN 201520270958 U CN201520270958 U CN 201520270958U CN 204618474 U CN204618474 U CN 204618474U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses integral type mammal anoxia experimental simulation device, comprise processor module, described processor module respectively with display module, module, sensor assembly, power module and control module be set be connected, described control module is connected with vacuum pump; Sensor assembly is connected with vacuum desiccator, described processor module, display module, arranges module, sensor assembly, power module and control module and is arranged in casing.This device has compact conformation, feature easy to use.It can control vacuum pressure automatically, reduces the operation easier of experiment student, makes student can main attention be concentrated in the observation of anoxia phenomenon, greatly improve conventional efficient, improves test effect.This experimental provision experimental result is stablized, and repeatable strong, experiment teaching effect is good.
Description
Technical field
This utility model relates to medical experiment field, is specifically related to a kind of integral type mammal anoxia experimental simulation device.
Background technology
Anoxia, can cause change and the disorder of other systematic function of breathing function and lung form, even cause death.In addition, age and organism nervous system functional status change, and ambient temperature changes, and CO
2concentration increases all can affect the toleration of body to anoxia.
" observation of mice low pressure pathogenic effects " experiment is exactly by observing animal when all kinds anoxia, the change of breathing function, lung form, internal organs and blood color, understands feature and the importance of various factors in anoxia is fallen ill of dissimilar anoxia.
This experiment is the Classic Experiments in pathophysiology laboratory, is also the Pathophysiology experiment that in ergology Comprehensive Experiment class, Classic Experiments part is unique.At present, large, special secondary school medical college also all offers this experiment.Low atmospheric pressure test device is necessary equipment used in " observation of mice low pressure pathogenic effects " experiment, but uses traditional low atmospheric pressure test device in decades always, as shown in Figure 1.The method of conventional apparatus is connected with hydrargyrum decompression meter with air exhauster respectively by vacuum desiccator with two rubber tubes, press the on and off switch of distribution board, start air exhauster, air pressure is made to be down to 507mmHg (being equivalent to height above sea level 3000m height) respectively gradually, stopping is bled, keep 3 ~ 5 minutes, observe, record the active situation of white mice, respiratory depth and the index such as frequency and tip position (ear, lip, tail, sole) skin color, then decontrol the screw clamp on rubber tube, make air pressure recover normal.Then start air exhauster again, make air pressure be down to 270mmHg (being equivalent to height above sea level 8000m height), 150mmHg (being equivalent to height above sea level 10000m height) respectively gradually, repeat above-mentioned steps.The shortcoming of this device is: air exhauster is heavy, and during preparing experiment, carrying is difficult; Air exhauster, without switch, starts air exhauster by the switch on distribution board, and air pressure is difficult to reach setting value; Pipeline is long, and joint is many, and easily aging, air pressure easily leaks; Venting seasonal epidemic pathogens pressure-controlled is bad, and the hydrargyrum in glass tubing falls suddenly, easily causes hydrargyrum to leak, and produces serious laboratory mercury pollution, and this is also great laboratory safety hidden danger.
Utility model content
For solving the deficiency that prior art exists, the utility model discloses integral type mammal anoxia experimental simulation device, for the demand of Medical Colleges, scientific research institution, the application have developed integral type mammal anoxia experimental simulation device according to anoxia principle in Pathophysiology experimental technique.The control air pressure that this device energy is good, stablizes air pressure a lower state, Digital Control, easy to use.
For achieving the above object, concrete scheme of the present utility model is as follows:
Integral type mammal anoxia experimental simulation device, comprises processor module, described processor module respectively with display module, module, sensor assembly, power module and control module be set be connected, described control module is connected with vacuum pump; Sensor assembly is connected with vacuum desiccator, described processor module, display module, arranges module, sensor assembly, power module and control module and is arranged in casing.
Described sensor assembly obtains the analog quantity of the air pressure change in vacuum desiccator by baroceptor, then by amplifier, signal is amplified, send into AD converter again, analogue signal is converted into digital quantity to be supplied to processor module and to process, processor module completes the process of the data to sensor assembly, computational analysis goes out the atmospheric pressure value in vacuum desiccator, and compare with the atmospheric pressure value of setting, if reach setting air pressure, stop vacuum pump by control module, if during the atmospheric pressure value height certain value of the air pressure that system records drying bottle than setting value, start vacuum pump and again bleed, processor module passes through display module in real time, the atmospheric pressure value of the atmospheric pressure value in display vacuum desiccator and user's setting.
Described processor module adopts the C8051F340 processor of CIP-51 microcontroller core, processor running voltage is 3.3v, vdd terminal mouth and the filter capacitor C13 be in parallel of processor, C14 is connected, processor P 0 mouthful is for the date processing of sensor assembly and the control of vacuum pump, P2 mouth is used for acousto-optic instruction and controls the transmission of LED, buzzer and RS232 data, and P3 mouth is used for transmission to display module data and control.
Described sensor assembly adopts MPXM2202 pressure sensing chip baroceptor, work in+5V voltage, measured signal is converted to output voltage, what export is the analog voltage signal corresponding with atmospheric pressure value, realize Differential Input, voltage signal is delivered to AD8220 instrument amplifier, by gain terminal resistance R7 and RV1, gain is set, then by amplify after magnitude of voltage through AD conversion, wherein AD conversion chip adopts this AD conversion chip of AD7705 to be 16 complete dual pathways fully differential analog input AD conversion, amplifying signal accesses 7 feet and AIN+ foot, conversion data sends data to single-chip microcomputer process by 13 feet and the serial of DOUT foot the most at last, wherein external crystal oscillator X1 provides conversion sample frequency, LM431 circuit provides AD conversion reference voltage.
Described control module is by controlling audion Q10, Q11 carrys out the break-make of control relay, when given high level signal, two audion turn-on relays close thus control the start and stop of vacuum pump, wherein diode D5, D6 is fly-wheel diode, prevent relay from producing at shutdown moment and oppositely damage other devices of circuit higher than the electromotive force of supply voltage, when vacuum pump startup time, the air will extracted out in exsiccator makes the air pressure in bottle reduce; If intake valve cuts out completely when vacuum pump stops time, exsiccator internal gas pressure can not change, and exsiccator internal gas pressure can be changed by regulating " intake valve " knob.
Described display module adopts the mode of charactron dynamic scan to demonstrate currency and setting value in real time.
Described rotary encoder module being set and comprising band keypress function, vacuum pump can be started or stoped when pressing rotary encoder, setting atmospheric pressure value can being adjusted when vacuum pump quits work, the atmospheric pressure value of needs can be set by arranging module, and manual start stop system.
The method of integral type mammal anoxia experimental simulation device, comprises the following steps:
Step one: install vacuum desiccator and utilized by vacuum desiccator PU pipe to be connected to integral type mammal anoxia experimental simulation device;
Step 2: open vacuum desiccator lid, put into laboratory animal, covers vacuum desiccator lid, and break-in vacuum desiccator lid makes it sealing;
Step 3: left rotation and right rotation knob target setting atmospheric pressure value, push-turn key starts experiment;
Step 4: regulate breather valve knob, adjusting air inflow quantity;
Step 5: when vacuum desiccator atmospheric pressure value reaches setting atmospheric pressure value, air pump quits work, when air pressure exceedes the 5mmHg integral type mammal anoxia experimental simulation device meeting Automatic-bleeding blood pressure lowering of setting value, push-turn key stops experiment;
Step 6: open breather valve, recovers pressure in vacuum desiccator;
Step 7: after pressure recover to local air pressure, open vacuum desiccator lid, takes out laboratory animal, and experiment terminates.
In described step one, be specially:
(1-1) exsiccator plug is arranged on vacuum desiccator to cover, when exsiccator plug is installed, smears vacuum grease or vaseline beyond the Great Wall at exsiccator;
(1-2) breather valve is directly inserted the upper end of exsiccator plug;
(1-3) covered on vacuum drying body by vacuum desiccator lid, vacuum grease or vaseline are smeared in the edge contacted, and are beneficial to break-in tight;
(1-4) two connected entrances of exsiccator plug detect mouth respectively by the air inlet of PU pipe and integral type mammal anoxia experimental simulation device and air pressure and are connected.
This utility model is for the demand such as Medical Colleges, scientific research institution, according to the hypobaric hypoxia system that anoxia principle in Pathophysiology experimental technique is developed, the experiment that may be used for being correlated with is as models such as anoxia, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, hypoxic precondition.The control air pressure that this controller energy is good, stablizes air pressure a lower state, Digital Control, easy to use.Can be successfully completed the requirements of Pathophysiology Classic Experiments " anoxia ", when air pressure increases to over setting value 5mmHg, Automatic-bleeding reduces air pressure, can continual and steady hypobaric.This utility model operation interface is simple and practical, and venting safety, shirtsleeve operation makes teaching and scientific research more convenient.Observe the behavioristics of animal after air pressure reduces and body surface change is also very directly perceived, to bleed and deflation course completes equal within a short period of time, make experiment become easily quick; Based Intelligent Control is bled and is made experimentation more reliable and stable, and error is little, conveniently draws objective conclusion.
The beneficial effects of the utility model:
In the experiment of low pressure pathogenic effects, low atmospheric pressure test device is the key of Success in Experiment, for this reason, the method that this utility model utilizes digital technology, electronic technology and medicine function experiments technology to combine have developed integral type mammal anoxia experimental simulation device, this device has without hydrargyrum, use safety; Pipeline sealing, air pressure adjustment scope is large, stable gas pressure; Integration, high accuracy; Knob setting atmospheric pressure value, the advantages such as current gas pressure value and setting atmospheric pressure value charactron Real time dynamic display.For studying the anoxia mechanism of whole animal in teaching, scientific research, copying overall mammal anoxia experimental model and providing new means.
This device has compact conformation, feature easy to use.It can control vacuum pressure automatically, reduces the operation easier of experiment student, makes student can main attention be concentrated in the observation of anoxia phenomenon, greatly improve conventional efficient, improves test effect.This experimental provision experimental result is stablized, and repeatable strong, experiment teaching effect is good.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The low atmospheric pressure test device that Fig. 1 is traditional;
The inner principle schematic of Fig. 2 experimental provision of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 experimental provision processor module of the present utility model schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 experimental provision sensor assembly of the present utility model schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 experimental provision control module of the present utility model schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 experimental provision display module of the present utility model schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 experimental provision of the present utility model arranges module principle figure.
Detailed description of the invention:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, this utility model is described in detail:
The parts such as control circuit, minipump, electronic type baroceptor and charging valve concentrate in a cabinet by integral type mammal anoxia experimental simulation device.As shown in Figure 2, the control circuit of the application comprises power module, sensor assembly, display module, control module, user arrange module and processor module, is realized flexible setup pressure value, accurately measured pressure value by six large modules, is shown force value in real time.
As shown in Figure 3, processor module, the C8051F340 single-chip microcomputer that to select with CIP-51 microprocessor be kernel, running voltage is 3.3v, wherein, and electric capacity C13, C14 act as filtering decoupling, processor P 0 mouthful is for the date processing of sensor assembly and the control of vacuum pump, and P2 mouth is used for the transmission (P2.0, P2.1) that acousto-optic instruction controls LED, buzzer and RS232 data, and P3 mouth is used for transmission to display module data and control.Processor module is after carrying out date processing to sensor assembly, and computational analysis goes out the atmospheric pressure value in exsiccator, and compares with the atmospheric pressure value that user sets, if reach setting air pressure to stop vacuum pump by control module.If when system records the atmospheric pressure value height 5mmHg of the air pressure in exsiccator than setting value, start vacuum pump and again bleed.Meanwhile processor accurately shows the atmospheric pressure value of atmospheric pressure value in exsiccator and user's setting in real time by display module.User can at any time by arranging module start and stop vacuum pump, change setting air pressure and air inlet speed.
The C8051F340 processor of the patent CIP-51 microcontroller core using Silicon Labs is selected during system design.It and MCS-51TM instruction set are completely compatible, and the assembler of standard 803x/805x and compiler can be used to carry out software development.
CIP-51 adopts pipeline organization, and instruction execution speed improves a lot compared with 8051 structures of standard.In 8051 of a standard, except MUL and DIV, all instructions all need 12 or 24 system clock cycles, and maximum system clock frequency is 12-24MHz.And for CIP-51 kernel, the time of implementation of the instruction of 70% is 1 or 2 system clock cycle, only has the time of implementation of 4 instructions to be greater than 4 system clock cycles.Therefore speed raising compared with 8051 of standard is very large.
In addition, this processor also has following advantage:
the interrupt system of expansion provides 16 interrupt sources to CIP-51.The system of a drives interrupts needs less MCU to intervene, and thus has higher execution efficiency.When a design Multi-task real-time system, these interrupt sources increased are very useful.
c8051F340/1/2/3/4/5/6/7 has nearly 9 reset source.
High-speed internal agitator is calibrated to 12MHz ± 1.5% when dispatching from the factory.
As shown in Figure 4, sensor assembly comprises baroceptor, instrument amplifier and AD converter.Baroceptor adopts MPXM2202 baroceptor, the analog quantity of air pressure change is obtained by baroceptor, measured signal is converted to output voltage, output be the analog voltage signal corresponding with atmospheric pressure value, realize Differential Input (+Vout ,-Vout); Then voltage signal is delivered to AD8220 instrument amplifier, gain [by regulating RV1 to finely tune gain size in G=1+ (49.4K/RG) schematic diagram] is set by gain terminal resistance (R7, RV1), signal is amplified; Again the signal after amplification is sent into AD converter, analog voltage signal is converted to the pulse signal with certain frequency, AD conversion chip adopts AD7705, it is 16 complete dual pathways fully differential analog input AD conversion, amplifying signal accesses 7 feet (AIN+), conversion data sends data to single-chip microcomputer process by 13 feet (DOUT) serial the most at last, wherein, external crystal oscillator X1 provides conversion sample frequency, and U8 (LM431) circuit provides AD conversion reference voltage; Receive this pulse signal by single-chip microcomputer, obtain the umber of pulse obtained in the unit interval, the linear relation according to voltage and frequency calculates corresponding actual pressure value, finally under the control of single-chip microcomputer, is shown to user by digital pipe display circuit.
As shown in Figure 5, control module, processor module carrys out the break-make of control relay by control module, thus controls the start and stop of vacuum pump.When vacuum pump startup time, the air will extracted out in drying bottle makes the air pressure in bottle reduce; If intake valve cuts out completely when vacuum pump stops time, bottle internal gas pressure does not return and changes, and user can make a bottle internal gas pressure change by regulating intake valve.
Processor is by controlling audion Q10, Q11 carrys out the break-make of control relay, when given high level signal, (in figure below, network label is RELAY) two audion turn-on relays close thus control the start and stop of vacuum pump, wherein diode D5, D6 is fly-wheel diode, prevents relay from producing at shutdown moment and oppositely damages other devices of circuit higher than the electromotive force of supply voltage.When vacuum pump startup time, the air will extracted out in exsiccator makes the air pressure in bottle reduce; If intake valve cuts out completely when vacuum pump stops time, exsiccator internal gas pressure can not change, and user can make exsiccator internal gas pressure change by regulating " intake valve " knob.
As shown in Figure 6, display module, system adopts the mode of charactron dynamic scan to demonstrate currency and setting value in real time, and display module mainly shows the force value of current pressure values in drying bottle and user's setting.
Charactron dynamic scanning displaying principle is connected together by the Same Name of Ends of 8 of all charactrons displays stroke " a, b, c; d, e, f; g; dp ", and be that the public pole COM of each charactron increases position gate control circuit in addition, position gating is by respective independently I/O line traffic control, when single-chip microcomputer exports segment encode, all charactrons all receive identical segment encode, but are which charactron can demonstrate font actually, depend on the control of single-chip microcomputer para-position gating COM terminal circuit.In Dynamic Announce process, the lighting time of bits per inch code pipe is 1 ~ 2ms, due to the visual persistence phenomenon of people and the afterglow effect of light emitting diode, although in fact every charactron non-concurrent are lighted, as long as but the speed of scanning is enough fast, and be exactly one group of stable video data to the impression of people, do not have flickering, this display mode can save a large amount of single-chip processor i/o ports, and low in energy consumption.
When signal (label is 38_s1,38_s2,38_s3) is selected in the given charactron position of single-chip microcomputer, after 74ls138 decoder, select the wherein work of 8 Digital sum pipes through buffer stage UN2803 again.74ls138 decoder realizes the decoding of 3 lines to 8 lines, and UN2803 is used for level conversion negate control signal, and drives load charactron.
When the segment encode that single-chip microcomputer transmission charactron will show (binary code of the numeral that will show), data serial input parallel output (74LS595 is that 8 Bits Serial inputs turn parallel output shift register) is realized by 74LS595, serial input terminal is 13 feet (DS), and parallel output position is that Q0-Q7 controls the display of charactron data through audion Q2-Q9.
As shown in Figure 7, module is set, have employed the rotary encoder of band keypress function when designing, when user presses encoder, can vacuum pump be started or stoped.When vacuum pump quits work, user can adjust setting atmospheric pressure value, can set the atmospheric pressure value of needs by arranging module user, and manual start stop system.
Example application:
" hypobaric pathogenic effects " experiment in Medical Function Experiments teaching has employed this experimental provision.Experimental design procedure is, observes animal all kinds anoxia, understands feature and the importance of various factors in anoxia morbidity of dissimilar anoxia.The concrete grammar of experiment is: install instruments assembly, and on the edge of vacuum desiccator lid, be coated with skim vaseline, making it add a cover rear outer rim can be completely airtight.Open vacuum desiccator lid, put into nascent and each one of Adult mouse, put into vacuum desiccator, observe, the general activity situation of record white mice, respiratory depth and frequency and tip position (ear, lip, tail, sole) skin color.Cover vacuum desiccator lid, break-in dryer door makes it sealing; Left rotation and right rotation knob target setting atmospheric pressure value, push-turn key starts experiment.Air pressure is made to be down to 507mmHg, 270mmHg, 150mmHg gradually respectively, when atmospheric pressure value reaches setting atmospheric pressure value, air pump quits work, when air pressure increases to over setting value 5mmHg, system Automatic-bleeding reduces air pressure, continual and steady hypobaric, observes These parameters when stable gas pressure is in setting value, notices it is why not same that two white mice have.When adult rats generation spasm, open breather valve knob immediately, make air pressure recover normal, open exsiccator, why not same observe two white mice has.
The integral type mammal anoxia experimental simulation device operation interface of development is simple and practical, and venting safety, shirtsleeve operation makes teaching and scientific research more convenient.Observe the behavioristics of animal after air pressure reduces and body surface change is also very directly perceived, to bleed and deflation course completes equal within a short period of time, make experiment become easily quick; Based Intelligent Control is bled and is made experimentation more reliable and stable, and error is little, conveniently draws objective conclusion.Student is made to be no longer the time of inaction, invalid operation at substantial in an experiment, limited time and efforts is applied to and studies intensively experimental technique, observe anoxia phenomenon, cultivate manipulative ability, think deeply in anoxia mechanism, greatly improve conventional efficient, improve experiment effect.It also can be undergraduate and carries out heart and brain guard system disease research, design " anoxia experimental model ", and enforcement university students scientific and technical innovation project has built a brand-new technology platform.
Integral type mammal anoxia experimental simulation device can also be used for scientific experiment the copying as models such as anoxia, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, hypoxic precondition of being correlated with, and has broad application prospects.
Experiment shows, the reform of the application's novelty copies the means of overall mammal anoxia experimental model, realizes the fine adjustment that to control air pressure and control.Have without hydrargyrum, use safety; Pipeline sealing, air pressure adjustment scope large (↑ ↓ 600mmHg), stable gas pressure (error <5mmHg); Integration, high accuracy; Knob setting atmospheric pressure value, convenient, flexible; The advantages such as current gas pressure value and setting atmospheric pressure value charactron Real time dynamic display.This device is now for Shandong University's medical college, pharmaceutical college, HSPH, School of Stomatology, nursing college 5 institute's undergraduate courses, the Medical Science Function Comprehensive Experiment of College Students and the experimental teaching of pharmacological experiment two subject, share for school is multi-specialized, multidisciplinary, faced by annual, the inside and outside student in school reaches 1000 people.After applying this device, significantly improve the cultivation of practical teaching to the manipulative ability of student, significantly improve success rate and the experimental teaching efficiency of experiment.
By reference to the accompanying drawings detailed description of the invention of the present utility model is described although above-mentioned; but the restriction not to this utility model protection domain; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of the technical solution of the utility model, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various amendment or distortion that creative work can make still within protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (6)
1. integral type mammal anoxia experimental simulation device, it is characterized in that, comprise processor module, described processor module respectively with display module, module, sensor assembly, power module and control module be set be connected, described control module is connected with vacuum pump; Sensor assembly is connected with vacuum desiccator, described processor module, display module, arranges module, sensor assembly, power module and control module and is arranged in casing.
2. integral type mammal anoxia experimental simulation device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described processor module adopts the C8051F340 processor of CIP-51 microcontroller core, processor running voltage is 3.3v, vdd terminal mouth and the filter capacitor C13 be in parallel of processor, C14 is connected, processor P 0 mouthful is for the date processing of sensor assembly and the control of vacuum pump, P2 mouth is used for acousto-optic instruction and controls the transmission of LED, buzzer and RS232 data, and P3 mouth is used for transmission to display module data and control.
3. integral type mammal anoxia experimental simulation device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described sensor assembly adopts MPXM2202 pressure sensing chip baroceptor, work in+5V voltage, measured signal is converted to output voltage, what export is the analog voltage signal corresponding with atmospheric pressure value, realize Differential Input, voltage signal is delivered to AD8220 instrument amplifier, by gain terminal resistance R7 and RV1, gain is set, then by amplify after magnitude of voltage through AD conversion, wherein AD conversion chip adopts this AD conversion chip of AD7705 to be 16 complete dual pathways fully differential analog input AD conversion, amplifying signal accesses 7 feet and AIN+ foot, conversion data sends data to single-chip microcomputer process by 13 feet and the serial of DOUT foot the most at last, wherein external crystal oscillator X1 provides conversion sample frequency, LM431 circuit provides AD conversion reference voltage.
4. integral type mammal anoxia experimental simulation device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described control module is by controlling audion Q10, Q11 carrys out the break-make of control relay, when given high level signal, two audion turn-on relays close thus control the start and stop of vacuum pump, and wherein diode D5, D6 is fly-wheel diode.
5. integral type mammal anoxia experimental simulation device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described display module adopts the mode of charactron dynamic scan to demonstrate currency and setting value in real time.
6. integral type mammal anoxia experimental simulation device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the described rotary encoder arranging module and comprise band keypress function.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107680457A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-09 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Coaxial cable decay analogue means |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107680457A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-09 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Coaxial cable decay analogue means |
| CN107680457B (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2020-01-21 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Coaxial cable attenuation simulation device |
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Granted publication date: 20150909 Termination date: 20160429 |