CN204454991U - A kind of brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis device - Google Patents
A kind of brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis device Download PDFInfo
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- CN204454991U CN204454991U CN201520064830.0U CN201520064830U CN204454991U CN 204454991 U CN204454991 U CN 204454991U CN 201520064830 U CN201520064830 U CN 201520064830U CN 204454991 U CN204454991 U CN 204454991U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis device, comprise body of heater, be provided with a cloth divider above described furnace interior, a described cloth divider is provided with airway, between above a described cloth divider and body of heater, be provided with thermopair; Secondary material distributing divider is provided with below a described cloth divider, the enclosed space formed between described secondary material distributing divider and a cloth divider is coking chamber, described coking chamber inside is provided with the second thermopair, compounding chamber is provided with below described secondary material distributing divider, three thermocouple is provided with between described compounding chamber and secondary material distributing divider, coke discharge box is provided with below described compounding chamber, air inlet port is provided with above described coke discharge box, this device can continous-stable long-play, brown coal treatment capacity is large, and economic benefit is obvious; Retort process is without waste gas, waste water and waste sludge discharge.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to dry distillation of coal technical field, is specifically related to the device of brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis.
Background technology
The dry distillation of coal, refers to that coal is produced the process that pyrolysis generates coal gas, tar, crude benzol and coke under the condition of isolated air by heating.
The type of heating that coal carbonization technology adopts according to it, generally can be divided into external-heat and internal heat type.In addition, according to coal by the height of outlet temperature heated, coal carbonization technology generally can be divided into low-temperature pyrolysis (500 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C), medium temperature carbonization (700 DEG C ~ 900 DEG C) and high temperature carbonization (900 DEG C ~ 1100 DEG C).
Modern dry distillation of coal process is roughly as follows:
1, coal is dry: when the temperature of coal charge is higher than 100 DEG C, the moisture in coal charge evaporates; When temperature is elevated to more than 200 DEG C, in coal charge, crystal water disengages;
2, coal modification: during to more than 350 DEG C, coal charge starts the change occurring microtexture and physical property; Caking coal starts to soften, and forms the plastic mass of thickness further, and coal gas and tar start to separate out;
3, low-temperature coal carbonization: during to 500 ~ 600 DEG C, coal charge starts low-temperature pyrolysis, most of coal gas and tar are separated out, and this i.e. a thermal decomposition product; Residue retrogradation solidify to form semicoke gradually;
4, the middle temperature dry distillation of coal: during to 700 DEG C ~ 900 DEG C, semicoke continues point volatile matter parsing remainder, and semicoke weightlessness is shunk simultaneously, forms crackle;
5, high-temperature coal destructive distillation: during to 900 DEG C ~ 1100 DEG C, the hardening formation porous coke of semicoke volume-diminished.
From said process, because coal retort process is a process of heating continuously, no matter be adopt what type of heating to complete what distillation process process, the product of the dry distillation of coal is all the multiple coking product such as coal semicoke or coke, coal gas and tar.And, the attribute of these products and composition because of coal charge used attribute and the coal carbonization technology of process and process and understand different.
The external-heat dry distillation of coal
Modern coke making process, is external-heat coking; The body of heater of the external-heat coal carbonization furnace that it adopts is made up of coking chamber, combustion chamber and regenerator three major portions.The two ends of coking chamber are closed with fire door.Coking coal is and air exclusion, is heated by the combustion chamber of coking chamber both sides after adding coal car and pouring coking chamber into.Combustion chamber is made up of many flues, and coal gas and air burn in flue.Regenerator is positioned at lower portion of furnace body, point air regenerator and gas regenerator.The supporting machinery of external-heat coal carbonization furnace has coal charger, pushing machine, coke guiding locomotive and quenching car etc.Wherein: coal charger loads coking chamber coal, the coke pushing machine be smelt is released, and fervid coke falls in quenching car through coke guiding locomotive, puts out or reclaim the dry quenching(of coke) of heat energy through water.The coke put out is put on Jiao Tai.
If patent publication No. is the Chinese patent of CN101751522B, disclose a kind of externally heated retort oven, comprise vertical type body of heater, the feeding device at body of heater top and the slag discharging device of bottom of furnace body; Furnace interior is made up of the destructive distillation room on top and the segment occurred of bottom, and upper end, destructive distillation room is provided with destructive distillation product exit; It is characterized in that: the periphery of destructive distillation room is provided with several combustion chambers, the periphery of segment occurred is provided with several regenerator; The upper end of each combustion chamber communicates with the auxiliary coal bin of feeding device bottom through flue gas delivery line, and lower end communicates with the generation gas inlet of melting down gas inlet and leading to segment occurred on furnace wall; The semicoke comburent air duct communicated with segment occurred lower end and the gas comburent air duct communicated with lower end, combustion chamber is respectively equipped with in regenerator, the outer end of semicoke comburent air duct communicates with the semicoke combustion air inlet on furnace wall, and the outer end of gas comburent air duct communicates with the gas combustion air inlet on furnace wall.The compact thermo-efficiency of this apparatus structure is high, decreases facility investment and running cost.
Internally heated coal carbonization
In prior art, internally heated coal carbonization technique is also only attempted in low-temperature coal carbonization in small-sized at present to some extent, applies to some extent in also especially not big-and-middle-sized in high-temperature coking high-temperature coking.
The common application form of one of internally heated coal carbonization technique is internal thermal upright coal carbonization furnace.
Its technical process and principle of work are:
Coal charge, particle diameter is 15 ~ 200mm, and timing adds the coking chamber in stove from the top of internal thermal upright coal carbonization furnace, completes continuous charging and runs; Add lump coal in stove due to action of gravity, move from top to bottom, and the high-temperature gas counter current contact sent into combustion chamber.The top of coking chamber is preheating section, and lump coal is heated to about 400 DEG C in this section, completes the coal modification before dry and destructive distillation; Then enter the retort section in the middle part of coking chamber, lump coal is heated to about 700 DEG C in this section, and is semicoke by charing; Afterwards, semicoke is first cooled to about 150 DEG C by the cooling section of coking chamber bottom, and being finally cooled to about 50 DEG C becomes semicoke and the finished product.
The Chinese patent being CN203639415U as patent publication No. discloses a kind of internally heated coal carbonization furnace, internally heated coal carbonization system, comprise body of heater, described body of heater is provided with some coking chambers side by side, coking chamber is for loading the coal charge of the pending dry distillation of coal, from the weary oxygen flue gas of high temperature that high temperature weary oxygen smoke generating appts produces, directly send into each coking chamber through vertical flue, the weary oxygen flue gas of the coal charge in coking chamber and high temperature is directly contacted and carries out the dry distillation of coal.Can maximized reduction energy consumption and shortening coking time.
And China's energy situation is the general layout that rich coal lacks oily deficency always, coal resources A wide selection of colours and designs, comprises each coal from brown coal to hard coal, and wherein lignite resource is the abundantest, and retained reserve accounts for more than 13% of national coal resources, about has 130,300,000,000 tons.Brown coal are coals that degree of coalification is minimum.There is moisture content high, reach 30% ~ 60%; Oxygen level is high, reaches 17 ~ 25%; Fixed carbon content is low, and thermal value is low, as be about 3000 kcal/kg; The notable features such as easy-weathering is broken.Because of the not easily long-distance outward transport economically again of ature of coal difference, do not form mass-producing scientific utilization always.At present these coals 90% directly to burn use as steam coal.Thisly do not consider raw coal compound property difference and under equal conditions, carry out that the extensive style of burning utilizes to be that the one of resource is wasted, bring many environmental problems yet.
Develop lignite resource be alleviate the constraint of china natural resources bottleneck, ensure Chinese energy safety important channel; Develop a kind of device improving resource utilization, reduce pollutant emission, be the important topic in current brown coal comprehensive utilization of energy field simultaneously.
Utility model content
In order to overcome brown coal, very easily weathering is cracked in atmosphere, poor heat stability, especially seriously cracked after being heated, and cause high-temp waste gas to strengthen with resistance in raw coal contact process from the bottom to top in gas retort, shock resistance is excessive or too small, make the problem of gas distribution inequality, the utility model provides a kind of brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis device.
The technical scheme that the utility model adopts is:
A kind of brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis device, comprises body of heater, is provided with a cloth divider above described furnace interior, a described cloth divider is provided with airway, is provided with thermopair between above a described cloth divider and body of heater; Secondary material distributing divider is provided with below a described cloth divider, the enclosed space formed between described secondary material distributing divider and a cloth divider is coking chamber, described coking chamber inside is provided with the second thermopair, compounding chamber is provided with below described secondary material distributing divider, three thermocouple is provided with between described compounding chamber and secondary material distributing divider, be provided with coke discharge box below described compounding chamber, above described coke discharge box, be provided with air inlet port.
A described cloth divider is welded by orthogonal herring-bone steel beam column.
Described secondary material distributing divider mutually intersects through building by laying bricks or stones by refractory materials according to width of charring chamber and length direction and forms; The length direction of described secondary material distributing divider is built by laying bricks or stones on the domes on coke discharge box top.
Described refractory materials is silica brick.
Described coking chamber is that square structure built by laying bricks or stones by refractory brick and common brick, is made up of interior refractory brick grid wall, refractory brick interior wall, center partition, heat insulation layer and stove exterior wall.
Described coking chamber is multiple.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
A cloth divider of a kind of brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis device that the utility model provides is provided with airway at herring-bone link position place, what coking chamber can be produced goes out coking chamber containing pitch coal conductance, so this cloth divider has distribution raw coal and gas collection two kinds effect concurrently.Also comprise the secondary material distributing divider at the link position place being arranged at dryer section and retort section, the feed coal being about to enter retort section broken up again, uniform, high-temp waste gas is reduced in gas retort, uniform air distribution from the bottom to top with resistance in raw coal contact process.Can continous-stable long-play, brown coal treatment capacity is large, and economic benefit is obvious; Retort process is without waste gas, waste water and waste sludge discharge.The lignite semi-coke produced through this device can be used as chemical industry, smelting industry; The coal tar produced is the high quality raw material as Hydrogenation oil fuel; The coal gas of by-product can be used as fuel and uses.
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further details.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis of the utility model device.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of a cloth divider.
Fig. 3 is the front view of a cloth divider.
Fig. 4 is the flat vertical planning drawing of secondary material distributing divider.
Description of reference numerals: 1, a cloth divider; 2, coking chamber; 3, secondary material distributing divider; 4, compounding chamber; 5, air inlet port; 6, coke discharge box; 7, thermopair; 701, the first thermopair; 702, the second thermopair; 8, airway; 9, body of heater.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
In order to solve brown coal be heated after seriously cracked, and cause high-temp waste gas to strengthen with resistance in raw coal contact process from the bottom to top in gas retort, make the problem of gas distribution inequality, present embodiments provide a kind of brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis device as shown in Figure 1, comprise body of heater 9, described body of heater 9 inner upper is provided with a cloth divider 1, and a described cloth divider 1 is provided with airway 8, is provided with thermopair 7 between above a described cloth divider 1 and body of heater 9; Secondary material distributing divider 3 is provided with below a described cloth divider 1, the enclosed space formed between described secondary material distributing divider 3 and a cloth divider 1 is coking chamber 2, described coking chamber 2 inside is provided with the second thermopair 701, compounding chamber 4 is provided with below described secondary material distributing divider 3, three thermocouple 702 is provided with between described compounding chamber 4 and secondary material distributing divider 3, be provided with coke discharge box 6 below described compounding chamber 4, above described coke discharge box 6, be provided with air inlet port 5.
A kind of brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis device that the present embodiment provides comprises secondary material distributing divider 3, the feed coal through a cloth divider 1 is broken up again, uniform, waste gas is reduced in gas retort, uniform air distribution from the bottom to top with resistance in raw coal contact process.
A kind of brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis device that the present embodiment provides can continous-stable long-play, and brown coal treatment capacity is large, and economic benefit is obvious; Retort process is without waste gas, waste water and waste sludge discharge.
The lignite semi-coke produced through this device can be used as chemical industry, smelting industry; The coal tar produced is the high quality raw material as Hydrogenation oil fuel; The coal gas of by-product can be used as fuel and uses.
Embodiment 2:
Based on the basis of embodiment 1, used an in the present embodiment cloth divider 1 is nonstandard steel construction piece as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3.
A described cloth divider 1 is combined according to mutually perpendicular direction by the herring-bone steel beam column be welded, and arranges airway 8 at herring-bone link position.
A described cloth divider 1 is nonstandard steel construction piece, as shown in Figure 2, is combined by the herring-bone steel beam column be welded according to mutually perpendicular direction, is arranged on coking chamber 2 top; Arrange airway 8 at herring-bone link position, what coking chamber 2 can be produced goes out coking chamber 2 containing pitch coal conductance.So this non-standard equipment is with distribution raw coal and gas collection two kinds effect, is called as a cloth divider 1 and also can be called gas skirt.
Described airway 8 is positioned on the steel beam column of horizontal direction, and between the vertical direction steel beam column of adjacent two.
At herring-bone link position, place is provided with airway 8, and what coking chamber 2 can be produced goes out coking chamber 2 containing pitch coal conductance, so this cloth divider 1 has distribution raw coal and gas collection two kinds effect concurrently.That derives gas retort contains pitch coal pneumatic transmission to gas cleaning device, a coal gas part after being separated and purifying is sent internal thermal upright coking chamber 2 burning back to and is used, compounding chamber 4 is entered blast the air mixed in upright furnace with centrifugal blower after, air inlet port 5 by gas pipe both sides after mixing enters coking chamber 2, in coking chamber 2 combustion, coal charge is carried out pyrolysis by the heat of the waste gas utilizing burning to produce.
Embodiment 3:
Secondary material distributing divider 3 as shown in Figure 4 used in the present embodiment is nonstandard structural part, and described secondary material distributing divider 3 mutually intersects through building by laying bricks or stones by refractory materials according to coking chamber 2 width and length direction and forms; The length direction of described secondary material distributing divider 3 is built by laying bricks or stones on the domes on coke discharge box 6 top.
Described refractory materials is silica brick.
As shown in Figure 1, the block brown coal rotary conveyor of the 30 ~ 150mm granularity after crushing and screening is delivered to one time, gas retort top cloth divider 1 and is evenly entered brown coal gas retort coking chamber 2, because action of gravity carries out drying, preheating in stove top dryer section, lump coal is heated to 100 DEG C in this section by thermopair 7, moisture in removing brown coal and the gas be adsorbed in brown coal pore, the residence time adjusts according to raw coal character.
Then the brown coal after drying, preheating enter the secondary material distributing divider 3 in the middle part of coking chamber 2 with action of gravity, again distribute to brown coal, start destructive distillation after increasing ventilation property.
Brown coal again after distribution fall with action of gravity, and the hot waste gas utilizing the coal gas after purification and air combustion to produce keeps material at about 450 DEG C pyrolysis 2h, and are semicoke and the raw gas containing tar by pyrolysis; Raw gas is reverse derives coking chamber 2 by a cloth divider 1 after destructive distillation, drying, coal tar oil and gas is obtained after washing and purification, compounding chamber 4 is entered after the air mixed that wherein part coal gas and centrifugal blower blast in upright furnace, air inlet port 5 by gas pipe both sides after mixing enters coking chamber 2, in coking chamber 2 combustion, coal charge is carried out pyrolysis by the heat of the waste gas utilizing burning to produce.Remaining coal gas can be used as product and supplies outward.
The lignite semi-coke produced after destructive distillation enters the utility model lower portion of furnace body and goes cooling, discharging body of heater in stove with after cooled coal gas, air gas mixture and coke quenching steam heat exchange after coke discharge box 6 is cooled to 100 DEG C.
Claims (6)
1. a brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis device, it is characterized in that: comprise body of heater (9), described body of heater (9) inner upper is provided with a cloth divider (1), a described cloth divider (1) is provided with airway (8), between a described cloth divider (1) and body of heater (9) top, is provided with thermopair (7), a described cloth divider (1) below is provided with secondary material distributing divider (3), the enclosed space formed between described secondary material distributing divider (3) and a cloth divider (1) is coking chamber (2), described coking chamber (2) inside is provided with the second thermopair (701), described secondary material distributing divider (3) below is provided with compounding chamber (4), three thermocouple (702) is provided with between described compounding chamber (4) and secondary material distributing divider (3), described compounding chamber (4) below is provided with coke discharge box (6), described coke discharge box (6) top is provided with air inlet port (5).
2. a kind of brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: a described cloth divider (1) is welded by orthogonal herring-bone steel beam column.
3. a kind of brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described secondary material distributing divider (3) is mutually intersected through building by laying bricks or stones by refractory materials according to coking chamber (2) width and length direction and formed; The length direction of described secondary material distributing divider (3) is built by laying bricks or stones on the domes on coke discharge box (6) top.
4. a kind of brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis device according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described refractory materials is silica brick.
5. a kind of brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described coking chamber (2) builds square structure by laying bricks or stones for refractory brick and common brick, is made up of interior refractory brick grid wall, refractory brick interior wall, center partition, heat insulation layer and stove exterior wall.
6. a kind of brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described coking chamber (2) is for multiple.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201520064830.0U CN204454991U (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2015-01-30 | A kind of brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis device |
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| CN201520064830.0U CN204454991U (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2015-01-30 | A kind of brown coal low-temperature pyrolysis device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104560070A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-04-29 | 锡林郭勒盟兴富能源开发有限责任公司 | Lignite low-temperature carbonization device |
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2015
- 2015-01-30 CN CN201520064830.0U patent/CN204454991U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104560070A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-04-29 | 锡林郭勒盟兴富能源开发有限责任公司 | Lignite low-temperature carbonization device |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20150708 Termination date: 20160130 |
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| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |