CN204438591U - 电厂锅炉出口低温烟气凝液回收及余热利用系统 - Google Patents
电厂锅炉出口低温烟气凝液回收及余热利用系统 Download PDFInfo
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- CN204438591U CN204438591U CN201520066037.4U CN201520066037U CN204438591U CN 204438591 U CN204438591 U CN 204438591U CN 201520066037 U CN201520066037 U CN 201520066037U CN 204438591 U CN204438591 U CN 204438591U
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- heat exchanger
- flue gas
- heat
- tube bundle
- exchanging tube
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- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound 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[O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000003009 desulfurizing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009998 heat setting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
- Y02P80/15—On-site combined power, heat or cool generation or distribution, e.g. combined heat and power [CHP] supply
Abstract
电厂锅炉出口低温烟气凝液回收及余热利用系统，包括脱硫塔和固定在脱硫塔中的汽气换热器、液气换热器和烟气导向装置，冷却塔、溴化锂机组，烟气导向装置固定在液气换热器的上部，汽气换热器和液气换热器通过管道连接，脱硫塔上设有冷冻水进口管、蒸汽管，冷冻水出口管，冷却塔由溴化锂机组连接控制，蒸汽管与溴化锂机组连接。本实用新型能够大大减少烟气排放白雾现象的发生，在减少排放有害气体的同时，设备的检修率也大为降低。
Description
技术领域
[0001] 本实用新型涉及一种凝液回收和废气再利用技术领域，具体为电厂锅炉出口低温烟气凝液回收及余热利用系统。
背景技术
[0002]目前被大家熟知的电厂锅炉尾部120〜170°C原烟气的余热回收方式有除尘器之前的余热回收和除尘器之后的余热回收，经过余热回收后的80~100°C烟气进入脱硫塔脱硫，脱硫之后~40-60°C的烟气再经过加热至~80°C通过烟囱排出，除尘器之前通常设置空气预热器煤气、预热器或省煤器；除尘器之后通常设置GGH，或者加省煤器，通过加热凝结水提高原系统的进口水温来减少煤耗，以上这些余热回收措施和脱硫塔都是独立存在的，并且这些余热回收技术未充分考虑到除湿，因此所带来的问题就是酸腐蚀问题比较突出，设备的检修率比较高，同时，从脱硫塔出来的烟气的含水率很高，造成了电厂的白雾现象普遍存在，对周边的环境也造成了不小的影响。
发明内容
[0003] 本实用新型就是要提供一种电厂锅炉出口低温烟气凝液回收及余热利用系统，能够大大减少烟气排放白雾现象的发生，在减少排放有害气体的同时，设备的检修率也大为降低。
[0004] 本实用新型的技术方案是:电厂锅炉出口低温烟气凝液回收及余热利用系统，包括脱硫塔、冷却塔、溴化锂机组和固定在脱硫塔中的汽气换热器、液气换热器和烟气导向装置，烟气导向装置固定在液气换热器的上部，汽气换热器和液气换热器通过管道连接，脱硫塔和冷却塔上设有冷冻水进口管、蒸汽管和冷冻水出口管，脱硫塔和冷却塔由溴化锂机组连接控制。
[0005] 本实用新型所述液气换热器由换热管束、弯管箱、汇流集箱组成，换热管束倾斜一定角度布置于脱硫塔内，换热管束与塔体固定，换热管束上端部设置弯管箱，换热管束上部为固定端，下部为自由端，汇流集箱固定于换热管束下部。
[0006] 本实用新型所述的换热管束采用非金属防腐材料，所述的换热管束与弯管箱和汇流集箱连接处设有防腐蚀涂层。
[0007] 本实用新型净烟气通过汇集导向，形成流通通道和合适流速，烟气从〜55°C降至〜45°C所采用的方式是:设置液气换热器，即通过较低的液体将烟气的热量置换出，通过降低烟气温度来降低烟气中水蒸气的分压，烟气中的水蒸气会随着分压的降低析出，从45°C升温至80°C所采用的方式为:用蒸汽加热净烟气。
[0008] 本实用新型液气换热器的冷介质不限于冷冻水，可利用其它的冷媒，诸如氟利昂等。
[0009] 本实用新型的工作原理为:利用脱硫塔的塔体作为壳体，将液气换热器和汽气换热器设置于脱硫塔中来进行余热回收，上述余热回收方案中，水汽系统包括:原系统产生的0.4-0.6MPa的蒸汽进入溴化锂机组中，从溴化锂机组出来的冷冻水进入液气换热器，利用7-12°C低温的冷冻水带走烟气中的热量，将烟气的温度从55°C降至45°C，从而析出烟气中的水分，达到烟气的除湿效果，而后45°C烟气进入后续的汽气换热器，利用原系统产生的0.4-0.6MPa的蒸汽来加热烟气，将烟气的温度加热至80°C排放。
[0010] 本实用型新的有益效果为:1、节约占地
[0011] 本实用新型因为在脱硫塔的上方设置换热器，不会占有厂区原有的占地面积，起到节省地面空间的效果。
[0012] 2、减少白雾现象的产生
[0013] 本实用新型通过降低烟气温度来减小水蒸气的分压，将烟气中的水分大量的析出，即烟气的含水率降低，白雾现象自然会减少。
[0014] 3、安全性
[0015] 本实用新型利用脱硫塔作为壳体，不需要额外考虑壳体的耐腐蚀性，只需要考虑换热管的材质能耐酸腐蚀，减少了普通的换热设备壳体经常腐蚀的可能性，同时也降低了投资成本。
附图说明
[0016] 图1为本实用新型整体结构示意图。
具体实施方式
[0017] 电厂锅炉出口低温烟气凝液回收及余热利用系统，包括脱硫塔1、冷却塔2、溴化锂机组3和固定在脱硫塔I中的汽气换热器4、液气换热器5和烟气导向装置，烟气导向装置固定在液气换热器5的上部，汽气换热器4和液气换热器5通过管道连接，脱硫塔I和冷却塔2上设有冷冻水进口管6、蒸汽管7和冷冻水出口管8，脱硫塔I和冷却塔2由溴化锂机组3连接控制。
[0018] 本实用新型所述液气换热器5由换热管束、弯管箱、汇流集箱组成，换热管束倾斜一定角度布置于脱硫塔内，换热管束与塔体固定，换热管束上端部设置弯管箱，换热管束上部为固定端，下部为自由端，汇流集箱固定于换热管束下部。
[0019] 本实用新型所述的换热管束采用非金属防腐材料，所述的换热管束与弯管箱和汇流集箱连接处设有防腐蚀涂层。
[0020] 本实用新型净烟气通过汇集导向，形成流通通道和合适流速，烟气从〜55°C降至〜45°C所采用的方式是:设置液气换热器，即通过较低的液体将烟气的热量置换出，通过降低烟气温度来降低烟气中水蒸气的分压，烟气中的水蒸气会随着分压的降低析出，从45°C升温至80°C所采用的方式为:用蒸汽加热净烟气。
[0021] 本实用新型的工作原理为:利用脱硫塔的塔体作为壳体，将液气换热器和汽气换热器设置于脱硫塔中来进行余热回收，上述余热回收方案中，水汽系统包括:原系统产生的0.4-0.6MPa的蒸汽进入6 (溴化锂机组)中，从溴化锂机组出来的冷冻水进入液气换热器，利用7-12°C低温的冷冻水带走烟气中的热量，将烟气的温度从55°C降至〜45°C，从而析出烟气中的水分，达到烟气的除湿效果，而后45°C烟气进入后续的汽气换热器，利用原系统产生的0.4-0.6MPa的蒸汽来加热烟气，将烟气的温度加热至〜80°C排放，液气换热器的冷介质不限于冷冻水，可利用其它的冷媒，诸如氟利昂等。
[0022] 本实用新型中运用了具体个例对本发明有益效果进行了阐述，以上个例只是用于帮助理解本发明的高能效性。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在本发明理论基础上进行若干改进和修饰的，比如工艺系统、烟气温度范围，换热器的结构形式等都应该落入本发明的权利保护要求内。
Claims (3)
1.电厂锅炉出口低温烟气凝液回收及余热利用系统，其特征在于:包括脱硫塔、冷却塔、溴化锂机组和固定在脱硫塔中的汽气换热器、液气换热器和烟气导向装置，烟气导向装置固定在液气换热器的上部，汽气换热器和液气换热器通过管道连接，脱硫塔和冷却塔上设有冷冻水进口管、蒸汽管和冷冻水出口管，脱硫塔和冷却塔由溴化锂机组连接控制。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电厂锅炉出口低温烟气凝液回收及余热利用系统，其特征在于:所述液气换热器由换热管束、弯管箱、汇流集箱组成，换热管束倾斜一定角度布置于脱硫塔内，换热管束与塔体固定，换热管束上端部设置弯管箱，换热管束上部为固定端，下部为自由端，汇流集箱固定于换热管束下部。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电厂锅炉出口低温烟气凝液回收及余热利用系统，其特征在于:所述的换热管束采用非金属防腐材料，所述的换热管束与弯管箱和汇流集箱连接处设有防腐蚀涂层。
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