CN204304932U - Radio-frequency power amplifier output matching circuit - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及一种射频功率放大器输出匹配电路。The utility model relates to an output matching circuit of a radio frequency power amplifier.
背景技术Background technique
射频功率放大器是各种无线发射机的重要组成部分。在发射机的前级电路中，调制振荡电路所产生的射频信号功率很小，需要经过一系列的放大——缓冲级、中间放大级、末级功率放大级，获得足够的射频功率以后，才能馈送到天线上辐射出去。为了获得足够大的射频输出功率，必须采用射频功率放大器。RF power amplifiers are an essential part of a wide variety of wireless transmitters. In the pre-stage circuit of the transmitter, the power of the RF signal generated by the modulation oscillator circuit is very small, and it needs to go through a series of amplifications—buffer stage, intermediate amplifier stage, and final power amplifier stage. After obtaining sufficient RF power, it can Feed to the antenna and radiate out. In order to obtain a sufficiently large radio frequency output power, a radio frequency power amplifier must be used.
射频功率放大器设计不仅关注输出功率、功率附加效率；还关注其线性特性，输出中的谐波分量应该尽可能地小，以避免对其他频道产生干扰。The design of RF power amplifiers not only focuses on output power and power-added efficiency; it also pays attention to its linear characteristics. The harmonic components in the output should be as small as possible to avoid interference to other channels.
谐波抑制是射频功率放大器设计的重要指标，反映了功放的线性性能。在现代的无线通信系统如GSM、CDMA等系统中，AB类功率放大器由于功率附加效率比A类功率放大器高且线性度又能满足这些系统的要求，从而获得了广泛应用。然而由于非线性失真的影响，AB类功率放大器的谐波失真变得更加严重，通常需要在功放输出后加一带通滤波器以抑制谐波，这就使系统体积和成本增加。随着集成电路产业的飞速发展，芯片模块中集成的功能越来越多，谐波抑制问题也变得越来越严重。谐波抑制是当今射频功放集成电路设计中最令工程师头痛的问题之一。功放的输出匹配电路对功放的谐波失真有重要的影响，采用低通或带通特性的输出匹配电路可以降低功放的谐波失真。射频功放的输出匹配电路通常在基板上实现。但是常规的LC低通滤波器匹配结构(如图1所示)，匹配电容直接到地，不能形成对特定谐波频率的“陷阱”(Trap)，从而达不到抑制特定高次谐波的要求。Harmonic suppression is an important indicator of RF power amplifier design, reflecting the linear performance of the power amplifier. In modern wireless communication systems such as GSM, CDMA and other systems, Class AB power amplifiers are widely used because of their higher power-added efficiency than Class A power amplifiers and linearity that can meet the requirements of these systems. However, due to the influence of nonlinear distortion, the harmonic distortion of the class AB power amplifier becomes more serious, and it is usually necessary to add a band-pass filter after the output of the power amplifier to suppress the harmonics, which increases the size and cost of the system. With the rapid development of the integrated circuit industry, more and more functions are integrated in the chip module, and the problem of harmonic suppression is becoming more and more serious. Harmonic suppression is one of the biggest headaches for engineers in the design of RF power amplifier integrated circuits today. The output matching circuit of the power amplifier has an important influence on the harmonic distortion of the power amplifier, and the output matching circuit with low-pass or band-pass characteristics can reduce the harmonic distortion of the power amplifier. The output matching circuit of the RF power amplifier is usually realized on the substrate. However, in the conventional LC low-pass filter matching structure (as shown in Figure 1), the matching capacitor is directly connected to the ground, which cannot form a "trap" for a specific harmonic frequency, so that the suppression of specific high-order harmonics cannot be achieved. Require.
通常的做法是在接地电容C01上串一个电感L04(如图2所示)，在特定阶次谐波频率上形成LC串联谐振(谐振时，到地阻抗最小)。然而，电容值的选择要满足功率匹配的要求。对于电容值选的比较大的情况下，由于电容的自谐振频率随着容值增大而减小，而当工作频率超过自谐振频率后，电容呈现感性而非容性，此时LC谐振电路不能满足串联谐振条件，因此不能对特定高次谐波形成Trap，滤波性能变差；特别是当电容值选择很大时，自谐振频率可能降到二次或三次谐波频率附近，此时该匹配结构的二、三次谐波抑制性能也会急剧恶化。The usual practice is to connect an inductor L04 in series with the grounding capacitor C01 (as shown in Figure 2) to form an LC series resonance at a specific order harmonic frequency (at the time of resonance, the impedance to ground is the smallest). However, the choice of capacitance value should meet the requirements of power matching. When the capacitance value is selected relatively large, since the self-resonant frequency of the capacitor decreases with the increase of the capacitance value, and when the operating frequency exceeds the self-resonant frequency, the capacitance is inductive rather than capacitive. At this time, the LC resonant circuit The condition of series resonance cannot be satisfied, so traps cannot be formed for specific high-order harmonics, and the filtering performance is deteriorated; especially when the capacitance value is selected to be large, the self-resonant frequency may drop to the vicinity of the second or third harmonic frequency. The second and third harmonic suppression performance of the matching structure will also deteriorate sharply.
实用新型内容Utility model content
针对现有技术的不足，本实用新型旨在于提供一种可提高高次谐波抑制性能的射频功率放大器输出匹配电路。Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model aims to provide an output matching circuit of a radio frequency power amplifier which can improve the suppression performance of high-order harmonics.
为实现上述目的，本实用新型采用如下技术方案：In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
一种射频功率放大器输出匹配电路，其包括电感L1、电容C3、电感L3和至少一电容C4；A radio frequency power amplifier output matching circuit, which includes an inductor L1, a capacitor C3, an inductor L3 and at least one capacitor C4;
一射频功率放大器U1的输出端依次通过电感L1、电容C3和电感L3接地；每一电容C4与电容C3相并联连接。The output end of a radio frequency power amplifier U1 is grounded sequentially through the inductor L1, the capacitor C3 and the inductor L3; each capacitor C4 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C3.
优选地，射频功率放大器输出匹配电路还包括至少一电感L4，每一电感L4与电感L3相并联连接。Preferably, the RF power amplifier output matching circuit further includes at least one inductor L4, and each inductor L4 is connected in parallel with the inductor L3.
优选地，射频功率放大器输出匹配电路还包括电感L6、电容C11、至少一电容C12、电感L8、至少一电感L9和隔直电容C14；Preferably, the RF power amplifier output matching circuit further includes an inductor L6, a capacitor C11, at least one capacitor C12, an inductor L8, at least one inductor L9, and a DC blocking capacitor C14;
一射频功率放大器U2的输出端依次通过电感L6、电容C11和电感L8接地；每一电容C12与电容C11相并联连接；每一电感L9与电感L8相并联连接；电感L1和电容C3之间的节点连接隔直电容C14的一端，隔直电容C14的另一端作为输出匹配电路的输出端；电感L6和电容C11之间的节点连接隔直电容C14的一端。The output terminal of a radio frequency power amplifier U2 is grounded through inductance L6, electric capacity C11 and inductance L8 successively; Each electric capacity C12 is connected in parallel with electric capacity C11; Each inductance L9 is in parallel connection with inductance L8; Between inductance L1 and electric capacity C3 The node is connected to one end of the DC blocking capacitor C14, and the other end of the DC blocking capacitor C14 is used as the output end of the output matching circuit; the node between the inductor L6 and the capacitor C11 is connected to one end of the DC blocking capacitor C14.
优选地，射频功率放大器输出匹配电路还包括电感L6、电感L4、电容C11、至少一电容C12、电感L8和隔直电容C14；Preferably, the RF power amplifier output matching circuit further includes an inductor L6, an inductor L4, a capacitor C11, at least one capacitor C12, an inductor L8, and a DC blocking capacitor C14;
一射频功率放大器U2的输出端依次通过电感L6、电容C11和电感L8接地；每一电容C12与电容C11相并联连接；电感L1和电容C3之间的节点连接隔直电容C14的一端，隔直电容C14的另一端作为输出匹配电路的输出端；电感L6和电容C11之间的节点连接隔直电容C14的一端；电感L4的一端连接电容C3和电感L3之间的节点，电感L4的另一端连接电容C11和电感L8之间的节点。The output terminal of a radio frequency power amplifier U2 is grounded sequentially through the inductor L6, the capacitor C11 and the inductor L8; each capacitor C12 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C11; the node between the inductor L1 and the capacitor C3 is connected to one end of the DC blocking capacitor C14 to block DC The other end of the capacitor C14 is used as the output end of the output matching circuit; the node between the inductor L6 and the capacitor C11 is connected to one end of the DC blocking capacitor C14; one end of the inductor L4 is connected to the node between the capacitor C3 and the inductor L3, and the other end of the inductor L4 Connect the node between capacitor C11 and inductor L8.
优选地，射频功率放大器输出匹配电路还包括电感L2、电容C5、电容C6、电感L5、电感L15、电感L10、电容C7、电容C8和电感L7；Preferably, the RF power amplifier output matching circuit further includes an inductor L2, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, an inductor L5, an inductor L15, an inductor L10, a capacitor C7, a capacitor C8, and an inductor L7;
电感L2连接于电感L1和电容C14之间，电感L7连接与电感L6和电容C14之间；电感L2和电容C14之间的节点依次通过电容C5和电感L5接地，还依次通过电容C6、电感L15和电容C8连接电感L7和电容C14之间。电感L7和电容C14之间的节点还依次通过电容C7和电感L10接地。The inductor L2 is connected between the inductor L1 and the capacitor C14, and the inductor L7 is connected between the inductor L6 and the capacitor C14; the node between the inductor L2 and the capacitor C14 is grounded through the capacitor C5 and the inductor L5 in turn, and also through the capacitor C6 and the inductor L15 in turn. It is connected between the inductor L7 and the capacitor C14 with the capacitor C8. The node between the inductor L7 and the capacitor C14 is also grounded through the capacitor C7 and the inductor L10 in turn.
优选地，射频功率放大器输出匹配电路还包括电容C22、电容C21、电感L13和电感L14；射频功率放大器U1的输出端还依次通过电容C22和电感L13接地。射频功率放大器U2的输出端还依次通过电容C21和电感L14接地。Preferably, the RF power amplifier output matching circuit further includes a capacitor C22, a capacitor C21, an inductor L13 and an inductor L14; the output terminal of the RF power amplifier U1 is grounded through the capacitor C22 and the inductor L13 in turn. The output end of the radio frequency power amplifier U2 is also connected to the ground through the capacitor C21 and the inductor L14 in sequence.
优选地，射频功率放大器输出匹配电路还包括电感L11、电容C33、电容C34、电感L12、电容C29和电容C38；射频功率放大器U1的输出端还依次通过电感L11和电容C34接地，电容C33与电容C34相并联连接；电感L11和电容C34之间的节点连接一直流电源VCC。射频功率放大器U2的输出端还依次通过电感L12和电容C29接地，电容C38与电容C29相并联连接。Preferably, the RF power amplifier output matching circuit also includes an inductor L11, a capacitor C33, a capacitor C34, an inductor L12, a capacitor C29, and a capacitor C38; the output terminal of the RF power amplifier U1 is also grounded through the inductor L11 and the capacitor C34 in turn, and the capacitor C33 and the capacitor C34 is connected in parallel; the node between the inductor L11 and the capacitor C34 is connected to a DC power supply VCC. The output end of the radio frequency power amplifier U2 is also grounded sequentially through the inductor L12 and the capacitor C29, and the capacitor C38 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C29.
上述实用新型的谐波抑制效果佳。The harmonic suppression effect of the above-mentioned utility model is good.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1和图2为现有的射频功率放大器输出匹配网络的结构示意图。FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are structural schematic diagrams of an existing RF power amplifier output matching network.
图3为本实用新型射频功率放大器输出匹配电路的第一较佳实施方式的电路图。Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the first preferred implementation mode of the output matching circuit of the radio frequency power amplifier of the present invention.
图4为本实用新型射频功率放大器输出匹配电路的第二较佳实施方式的电路图。FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a second preferred embodiment of the output matching circuit of the RF power amplifier of the present invention.
图5为本实用新型射频功率放大器输出匹配电路的第三较佳实施方式的电路图。FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a third preferred embodiment of the output matching circuit of the radio frequency power amplifier of the present invention.
图6为本实用新型射频功率放大器输出匹配电路的第四较佳实施方式的电路图。FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a fourth preferred embodiment of the output matching circuit of the radio frequency power amplifier of the present invention.
图7为本实用新型射频功率放大器输出匹配电路的第五较佳实施方式的电路图。FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a fifth preferred embodiment of the output matching circuit of the radio frequency power amplifier of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合附图以及具体实施方式，对本实用新型做进一步描述：Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the utility model is further described:
请参见图3，本实用新型涉及一种射频功率放大器输出匹配电路，其第一较佳实施方式包括电感L1、电容C3、电感L3和至少一电容C4。Please refer to FIG. 3 , the utility model relates to an output matching circuit of a radio frequency power amplifier, and its first preferred embodiment includes an inductor L1 , a capacitor C3 , an inductor L3 and at least one capacitor C4.
一射频功率放大器U1的输出端依次通过电感L1、电容C3和电感L3接地。每一电容C4与电容C3相并联连接。如此，通过并联方式，降低单个电容C3和C4的电容值，提高电容的自谐振频率，远离要抑制的高阶次谐波频点，以达到满足抑制高次谐波的需求。The output terminal of a radio frequency power amplifier U1 is grounded through the inductor L1, the capacitor C3 and the inductor L3 in sequence. Each capacitor C4 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C3. In this way, by connecting in parallel, the capacitance values of individual capacitors C3 and C4 are reduced, the self-resonant frequency of the capacitors is increased, and the frequency points of high-order harmonics to be suppressed are kept away from, so as to meet the requirement of suppressing high-order harmonics.
参见图4，射频功率放大器输出匹配电路的第二较佳实施方式还包括至少一电感L4，每一电感L4与电感L3相并联连接，从而电感Q值可以进一步提高，可使得谐波抑制效果更佳。Referring to Fig. 4, the second preferred embodiment of the RF power amplifier output matching circuit also includes at least one inductor L4, each inductor L4 is connected in parallel with the inductor L3, so that the Q value of the inductor can be further improved, and the harmonic suppression effect can be improved. good.
参见图5，射频功率放大器输出匹配电路的第三较佳实施方式在第二较佳实施方式的基础上还包括电感L6、电容C11、至少一电容C12、电感L8、至少一电感L9和隔直电容C14。Referring to Fig. 5, the third preferred embodiment of the RF power amplifier output matching circuit also includes an inductor L6, a capacitor C11, at least one capacitor C12, an inductor L8, at least one inductor L9 and a DC block on the basis of the second preferred embodiment. Capacitor C14.
一射频功率放大器U2的输出端依次通过电感L6、电容C11和电感L8接地。每一电容C12与电容C11相并联连接。每一电感L9与电感L8相并联连接。电感L1和电容C3之间的节点连接隔直电容C14的一端，隔直电容C14的另一端作为输出匹配电路的输出端；电感L6和电容C11之间的节点连接隔直电容C14的一端。The output terminal of a radio frequency power amplifier U2 is grounded sequentially through the inductor L6, the capacitor C11 and the inductor L8. Each capacitor C12 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C11. Each inductor L9 is connected in parallel with the inductor L8. The node between the inductor L1 and the capacitor C3 is connected to one end of the DC blocking capacitor C14, and the other end of the DC blocking capacitor C14 is used as an output end of the output matching circuit; the node between the inductor L6 and the capacitor C11 is connected to one end of the DC blocking capacitor C14.
如此，该输出匹配电路构成一对称结构，使得对偶次谐波谐波抑制效果更佳。In this way, the output matching circuit constitutes a symmetrical structure, so that the effect of suppressing even-order harmonics is better.
参见图6，射频功率放大器输出匹配电路的第四较佳实施方式与第三较佳实施方式不同的是不包括电感L9。电感L4的一端连接电容C3和电感L3之间的节点，电感L4的另一端连接电容C11和电感L8之间的节点。Referring to FIG. 6 , the difference between the fourth preferred embodiment of the RF power amplifier output matching circuit and the third preferred embodiment is that the inductor L9 is not included. One end of the inductor L4 is connected to a node between the capacitor C3 and the inductor L3, and the other end of the inductor L4 is connected to a node between the capacitor C11 and the inductor L8.
与第三较佳实施方式相比，由于第三较佳实施方式的电感L4和电感L9各有一个节点接地，因此可以合并两个电感为一个电感L4，更有利于在基板上通过键合线实现。Compared with the third preferred embodiment, since each of the inductance L4 and the inductance L9 of the third preferred embodiment has a node grounded, the two inductances can be combined into one inductance L4, which is more conducive to passing the bonding wire on the substrate accomplish.
如此，可通过改变电感L8、电感L3和电感L4的电感量来调节输出匹配电路的总电感量，实现所需的对特定高次谐波的抑制。In this way, the total inductance of the output matching circuit can be adjusted by changing the inductance of the inductor L8 , the inductor L3 and the inductor L4 , so as to achieve the required suppression of specific high-order harmonics.
参见图7，射频功率放大器输出匹配电路的第五较佳实施方式在第三较佳实施方式的基础上还包括电感L2、电容C5、电容C6、电感L5、电感L15、电感L10、电容C7、电容C8和电感L7。Referring to FIG. 7, the fifth preferred embodiment of the RF power amplifier output matching circuit also includes an inductor L2, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, an inductor L5, an inductor L15, an inductor L10, and a capacitor C7 on the basis of the third preferred embodiment. capacitor C8 and inductor L7.
电感L2连接于电感L1和电容C14之间，电感L7连接于电感L6和电容C14之间；电感L2和电容C14之间的节点依次通过电容C5和电感L5接地，还依次通过电容C6、电感L15和电容C8连接电感L7和电容C14之间。电感L7和电容C14之间的节点还依次通过电容C7和电感L10接地。The inductor L2 is connected between the inductor L1 and the capacitor C14, and the inductor L7 is connected between the inductor L6 and the capacitor C14; the node between the inductor L2 and the capacitor C14 is grounded through the capacitor C5 and the inductor L5 in turn, and also through the capacitor C6 and the inductor L15 in turn. It is connected between the inductor L7 and the capacitor C14 with the capacitor C8. The node between the inductor L7 and the capacitor C14 is also grounded through the capacitor C7 and the inductor L10 in turn.
如此，可以通过配置各LC串联谐振电路电感和电容值的大小，实现对二次以上各次谐波的合理抑制，该结构特别对高次谐波有较好的抑制效果。In this way, by configuring the inductance and capacitance values of each LC series resonant circuit, reasonable suppression of harmonics above the second order can be realized, and this structure has a good suppression effect especially on high-order harmonics.
其他实施例中，可使用连接线或走线替代电感L15，合理选择走线长度宽度和电容器件值，能够实现很好的输出阻抗匹配，从而实现最大功率传输。In other embodiments, the inductor L15 can be replaced by a connecting line or a trace, and the length and width of the trace and the value of the capacitor can be reasonably selected to achieve good output impedance matching and thus achieve maximum power transmission.
本实施例中，射频功率放大器输出匹配电路还包括电容C22、电容C21、电感L13和电感L14。In this embodiment, the RF power amplifier output matching circuit further includes a capacitor C22, a capacitor C21, an inductor L13, and an inductor L14.
射频功率放大器U1的输出端还依次通过电容C22和电感L13接地。射频功率放大器U2的输出端还依次通过电容C21和电感L14接地。The output terminal of the radio frequency power amplifier U1 is also connected to the ground through the capacitor C22 and the inductor L13 in sequence. The output end of the radio frequency power amplifier U2 is also connected to the ground through the capacitor C21 and the inductor L14 in sequence.
电容C22和电感L13或者电容C21和电感L14形成的串联谐振电路对谐波形成Trap，抑制谐波的同时提高了功放的效率。如此，为了抑制各次谐波，合理配置各串联谐振电路的电感和电容值，通过多级匹配电路的组合，实现对二次以上乃至更高次谐波的抑制，滤除各次谐波后的基波通过隔直电容C14输出。The series resonant circuit formed by the capacitor C22 and the inductor L13 or the capacitor C21 and the inductor L14 forms a trap for the harmonics, suppressing the harmonics and improving the efficiency of the power amplifier. In this way, in order to suppress the harmonics, the inductance and capacitance of each series resonant circuit should be reasonably configured, and the combination of multi-level matching circuits can suppress the second and higher harmonics. After filtering the harmonics The fundamental wave is output through the DC blocking capacitor C14.
本实施例中，射频功率放大器输出匹配电路还包括电感L11、电容C33、电容C34、电感L12、电容C29和电容C38。In this embodiment, the RF power amplifier output matching circuit further includes an inductor L11, a capacitor C33, a capacitor C34, an inductor L12, a capacitor C29 and a capacitor C38.
射频功率放大器U1的输出端还依次通过电感L11和电容C34接地，电容C33与电容C34相并联连接；电感L11和电容C34之间的节点连接一直流电源VCC。射频功率放大器U2的输出端还依次通过电感L12和电容C29接地，电容C38与电容C29相并联连接。The output end of the RF power amplifier U1 is grounded sequentially through the inductor L11 and the capacitor C34, and the capacitor C33 and the capacitor C34 are connected in parallel; the node between the inductor L11 and the capacitor C34 is connected to a DC power supply VCC. The output end of the radio frequency power amplifier U2 is also grounded sequentially through the inductor L12 and the capacitor C29, and the capacitor C38 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C29.
上述输出匹配电路采用对称结构，对功率合成效率有显著提高，但为了方便电路应用和模块设计，该方案采用单端供电，通过回路上的电感实现另一路的供电。The above-mentioned output matching circuit adopts a symmetrical structure, which significantly improves the efficiency of power synthesis. However, in order to facilitate circuit application and module design, this solution uses a single-ended power supply, and the other circuit is powered through the inductor on the loop.
对于本领域的技术人员来说，可根据以上描述的技术方案以及构思，做出其它各种相应的改变以及变形，而所有的这些改变以及变形都应该属于本实用新型权利要求的保护范围之内。For those skilled in the art, various other corresponding changes and modifications can be made according to the technical solutions and ideas described above, and all these changes and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention .
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107370460A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-11-21 | 深圳国民飞骧科技有限公司 | A kind of circuit structure and method for improving radio-frequency power amplifier harmonic inhibition capability |
| WO2018040178A1 (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-08 | 宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司 | Radio frequency circuit and wireless communication device having radio frequency circuit |
| CN109802640A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2019-05-24 | 深圳市中兴微电子技术有限公司 | A kind of radio-frequency power amplifier |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018040178A1 (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-08 | 宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司 | Radio frequency circuit and wireless communication device having radio frequency circuit |
| CN107370460A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-11-21 | 深圳国民飞骧科技有限公司 | A kind of circuit structure and method for improving radio-frequency power amplifier harmonic inhibition capability |
| CN107370460B (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2021-07-27 | 深圳飞骧科技有限公司 | Circuit structure and method for improving harmonic suppression capability of radio frequency power amplifier |
| CN109802640A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2019-05-24 | 深圳市中兴微电子技术有限公司 | A kind of radio-frequency power amplifier |
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