CN204298276U - A kind of changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment with rapid drying ability - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment with rapid drying ability that the utility model proposes by the reaction cavity with agitating function, cooling water circulation with condensation water collection system, air heating and with deodorization functions ventilation system, heating in water bath and heat-insulation system and form with the intelligent control system of remote supervisory.Reaction cavity built with temperature/humidity sensor and oxygen concentration sensor, for monitoring temperature, humidity and the oxygen concn in chamber; Water-bath chamber, built with well heater and temperature sensor, can, in time to reaction cavity heat supply, be heat insulating interlayer outside water-bath chamber, for the insulation of cavity; Air heating and ventilation system can guarantee the oxygen concn in reaction chamber in treating processes; Cooling water circulationly can in time the steam in reaction chamber to be derived with condensation water collection system; Tail gas deodoration system can prevent gas to the secondary pollution of environment; Equipment is by PLC intelligent control system controlling run.The utility model device structure is simple, and operation energy consumption is low, and treatment effect is good.

Description

A kind of changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment with rapid drying ability

Technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of organic solid castoff process and resource technology, is specially adapted to process and the disposal of the organic wastes such as changing food waste.

Background technology

Changing food waste is mainly derived from the food process tankage (kitchen is remaining) of the generations such as food and restaurant service industry, family and enterprises and institutions dining room and edible remaining (hogwash).Along with the develop rapidly of our national economy, the quickening gradually of Development of China's Urbanization, the output of changing food waste significantly rises in China, at home large-scale, as Beijing in megapolis, Shanghai, Shenzhen etc., the day output of changing food waste reaches thousands of tons of, and the annual production of national changing food waste reaches ten million ton.Along with the lasting propelling of Development of China's Urbanization, food safety and environmental safety more and more come into one's own, and changing food waste is used as traditional outlet of cultivation raw material just in atrophy.The process disposal options of the changing food waste of current city is based on garbage loading embeading, changing food waste enters landfill yard except taking limited storage capacity, also can increase the load of follow-up percolation liquid treating system, easily produce in collection, transport and landfill disposal process and secondary pollution is produced to environment, can cause a hidden trouble to hygienic safety.As returnable put environment dirty and messy, multiply and attract the insects such as mosquito, fly, mouse, cockroach, infectivity disease, harm the people healthy; Easily produce bad smell near refuse collection transfer point, cause the dislike on people's sense organ; Due to the characteristic that changing food waste water content is higher, in the process of transport, easily there is changing food waste leak outside and pour down or forth, have a strong impact on the appearance of the city, city's looks and traffic; Most importantly the rubbish of urban catering enterprise is many is collected by raiser, directly uses as feed ingredient, and rubbish is unprocessed enters human foods chain, jeopardizes the healthy of the people; And for away from the supporting food and beverage enterprise in natural scenic spots, urban, because of its shipment distance, far to transport the cycle long, its changing food waste produced collects the temporary time than general food and beverage enterprise head at scenic spot, larger to the potential hazard of scenic environment.Changing food waste is the waste the most general produced in daily life, belong to domestic refuse, its main component comprises the organism such as starch food, vegetable fibre, animal proteinum and fats, there is water ratio high, grease, salt content are high, perishable smelly, be unfavorable for the features such as common dumper transport.The changing food waste environmental quality be very easy to superelevation requires in transport transfer process produced for Special Areass such as Scenic Spots produces harm.The treatment technology of current changing food waste mainly comprises landfill, burning, fodder process, anaerobically fermenting and aerobic compost etc., wherein more potential is anaerobically fermenting and aerobic compost, but these two kinds of method treatment cycles are longer, be difficult to meet the clear requirement of changing food waste daily output day.Therefore, propose in this context and a kind ofly changing food waste treatment in situ can be had an invention of the changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment of continuous processing power.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to develop a kind of changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment with rapid drying ability.This equipment lamps structure is simple, take up an area little, the easy processing in face, intellectuality, working cost are low, the feature of convenient management, is suitable for miniaturization, commercialization and regularization.

A kind of changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment with rapid drying ability that the utility model proposes by the reaction cavity with stirring, cooling water circulation with condensation water collection system, air heating and with deodorization functions ventilation system, heating in water bath and heat-insulation system and form with the intelligent control system of remote supervisory, continuous dosing process can be realized, effect that intermittent take-off and discharging product reach fertilizer standard.

In described a kind of reaction cavity with the changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment of rapid drying ability, rotation axis is installed, rotation axis is provided with stirring rake, can realizes carrying out turning reoxygenation to reactor block by the drive of step-down gear.

In described a kind of water-bath chamber with the changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment of rapid drying ability, well heater and temperature sensor are installed, by the effect of well heater, the temperature of water-bath is made to maintain high temperature section, constant temperature heat supply can be carried out to reaction cavity when piling water-bath chamber when body is not in the thermophilic fermentation stage, maintaining the leavening temperature of heap body; Import and export water-bath cavity also having been reserved external thermal water source supplement the circulation of water-bath for external hot water; Be heat insulating interlayer outside water-bath chamber, for the insulation of cavity, reaction cavity is wrapped in wherein by heat insulation layer.

Described a kind of there is the changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment of rapid drying ability air heating and there is deodorization functions ventilation system can guarantee that in treating processes the oxygen concn in reaction chamber is suitable with the oxygen concn in air, when the microbial life Metabolic activity piling body is very vigorous, the reoxygenation speed of simple turning may not catch up with the oxygen consumption rate of microorganism, therefore need blower fan and forced ventilation is carried out to heap body, airheater can make the air themperature entering reaction cavity be consistent with the leavening temperature of heap body, supplement the heat lost because of ventilation, microbic activity can be guaranteed, tail gas deodoration system can avoid the foul gas produced in forced ventilation and degradation process to the secondary pollution of environment.

Steam in reaction chamber can be derived by described a kind of cooling water circulation and condensation water collection system with the changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment of rapid drying ability in time, combine with the humidity sensor in reaction cavity, can guarantee that the humidity in reaction cavity is in the suitableeest humidity value of microorganism all the time, guarantee that moisture contained in the changing food waste dropped into every day is discharged in 24h, and then in guarantee reaction chamber, the water ratio of material is stable remains between 20%-40%, remaining organism is made to be continued fermentation maturity, thus guarantee the efficient degradation speed of microorganism.

Described a kind of operation with the changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment of rapid drying ability is controlled by PLC intelligent control system, this Controlling System is by temperature/humidity sensor, oxygen concentration sensor, signal transmitting device, man-machine dialog interface, remote monitoring server and PLC module composition: during by the controlling run write in advance program is imported to PLC module, Controlling System just can carry out effective management and control to each electromechanical equipment of a complete set of equipment, and the various kinds of equipment parameter in the running status of each electromechanical equipment and fermenting process can be transported to man-machine dialog interface and remote monitoring server, just the long-range real-time monitoring of the terminating unit realizations such as mobile phone, flat board and computer to fermentation equipment can be passed through after being entered the Internet by remote monitoring service.

A kind of working process with the changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment of rapid drying ability that the utility model proposes is as follows:

The first step: open feeding door, drops into the changing food waste wet feed through draining, feeds intake and can add at any time, in real time as required;

Second step: close feeding door, starts the automatic operation button of intelligent control system;

3rd step: in operational process, the production according to changing food waste adds wet feed in real time, and by the terminal such as mobile phone and computer at any time, real time access fermentation equipment, understand the running condition of fermentation equipment;

4th step: according to the cycle of operation of presetting or actual needs, draw clearly leavened prod in right amount for afforesting fertilising.

Advantage of the present utility model is as follows:

1, the utility model equipment can ensure that moisture contained in the changing food waste dropped into every day is discharged in 24h, ensures that the water ratio of material in reaction chamber is stable and remains between 20%-40%, make remaining organism be continued fermentation maturity.Thus realize the continuous process of changing food waste;

3, the combination measure of the utility model heating in water bath and heat insulating interlayer, can protect the fermentation heat production of microorganism to greatest extent, reduces running cost;

4, the utility model creatively employs and cools the method for collecting by the water of condensation of humid control, can guarantee that the humidity in reaction cavity maintains its suitableeest humidity all the time, thus guarantee efficient degradation rate;

5, the utility model creatively introduces the PLC intelligent monitor system based on technology of Internet of things, except realizing except the automatic operation of unmanned intelligence to equipment, the terminal servers such as mobile phone, flat board and computer can also be utilized to access the server of equipment at any time, grasp the real-time parameter in the working condition of fermentation equipment each electromechanical equipment in operation process fermenting process, achieve the digitizing of a whole set of fermentation equipment and full fermenting process.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Accompanying drawing 1 is a kind of changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment vertical view and system assembles schematic diagram with rapid drying ability described in the utility model.

Accompanying drawing 2 is a kind of A-A sectional views with the changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment of rapid drying ability described in the utility model.

Accompanying drawing 3 is a kind of B-B sectional views with the changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment of rapid drying ability described in the utility model.

Reference numeral:

1. step-down gear, 2. rotating shaft, 3. stirring rake, 4. heat preservation sandwich layer, 5. water-bath acceptor, 6. heating rod open holes, 7. water-bath cavity moisturizing hole, 8. water-bath cavity posticum, 9. opening for feed/draw mouth clearly, 10. blast inlet, 11. air outlets, 12. cooling water intakes, 13. cooling water outlets, 14. water of condensation collect outlet, 15. blower fans, 16. airheaters, 17. tail gas odor removals, 18. water coolant water pumps, 19. cooling water tanks, 20. hot water cooling towers, 21. cooling water tank liquidometers, 22. cooling water tank temperature sensors, 23. hot well tanks/water-heater, 24. blowdown ditches, 25. reaction cavities, 26. air cloth tracheaes, 27. blast main fixed supports, 28. well heaters, 29. water-cooled tubes, 30. condensation water collection pipes, 31. bath temperature sensors, 32. temperature/humidity sensor, 33. oxygen concentration sensors, 34. artificial PLC Controlling System, 35. sender units, 36. remote servers.

Embodiment

The first step: should first water flowing energising after fermentation equipment installs at the scene, is full of water by water-bath cavity 5 and cooling water tank 19 and hot well tank/water-heater 23, is then pressed by the button automatically run on the man-machine dialog interface of intelligent control system 34;

Second step: open opening for feed 9, the wet feed draining the changing food waste of moisture is dropped into reaction cavity 25, and close opening for feed 9 after feeding intake, this step can repeat according to the actual requirements every day, and opening for feed can be driveed and also can drive in side at top;

3rd step: under the control of intelligent control system 34, a whole set of fermentation apparatus system starts to carry out aerobic fermentation degraded to changing food waste, and blas running pressed by all electromechanical equipments, and specific procedure is as follows:

(1) drive rotating shaft 2 to rotate by step-down gear 1, the 3 pairs of changing food waste heap bodies of the stirring rake in rotating shaft 2 carry out turning reoxygenation;

(2) temperature in cavity and temperature are sent to PLC intelligent control system 34 by the temperature/humidity sensor 32 of installing in reaction cavity 25 in real time, when the temperature in reaction cavity does not reach the requirement of equipment setting, PLC intelligent control system 34 heats automatically enabling water-bath 5, main type of heating has two kinds, a kind of is the well heater 28 enabled in water-bath cavity, the water temperature in water-bath is made to reach the requirement of equipment setting, when the water temperature of water-bath reaches set temperature, well heater 28 in water-bath cavity just quits work, another kind of type of heating is the moisturizing valve opening hot well tank/water-heater 23, the hot water of hot well tank/water-heater 23 is made to enter water-bath cavity 5 by water-bath cavity water supplement port 7, water more than needed in water-bath cavity 5 will be got back to hot well tank/water-heater 23 by water-bath water outlet 8 and heat, so move in circles until the temperature sensor 31 in water-bath cavity detects that water temperature stops after reaching the requirement of equipment setting,

(3) when the oxygen concentration sensor 33 installed in reaction cavity 25 will detect oxygen concn in cavity lower than oxygen concn in air, PLC intelligent control system 34 will enable air heating ventilation system automatically, specifically enable airheater 16 and blower fan (pneumatic pump) 15, by the air through heating by blast inlet 10 access arrangement on equipment, and eventually through the air cloth tracheae 26 of perforate obliquely, warm air is blowed to the heap surface of changing food waste, until PLC control system stops blower fan (pneumatic pump) 15 and airheater 16 again when the oxygen concentration sensor 33 in cavity detects that oxygen concn in cavity returns normal value, gas in reaction cavity in 25 enters tail gas odor removal 17 by air outlet 11, final discharged to environment or guide to sanitary sewer manhole,

(4) along with the carrying out of fermentation reaction, humidity in reaction cavity 25 will continue to raise, when height is to equipment set(ting)value, temperature/humidity sensor 32 in reaction cavity 25 sends signal to PLC intelligent control system 34, PLC intelligent control system 34 will enable cooling-water pump 18, the water-cooled tube 29 that water coolant will be entered by cooling water intake 12 in cavity, the heat exchange carried out with the heat steam outside pipe in water-cooled tube 29, the globule after making hot steam condensation is also attached to the outer wall of water-cooled tube 29, when fall into after the long water droplet of the globule be positioned at immediately below condensation water collection pipe 30, and enter trench 24 eventually through water of condensation water outlet 14, and the water coolant after heat exchange heats up leaves water-cooled tube 29 by cooling water outlet 13, cooling water tank 19 is entered after being lowered the temperature with environment heat exchange by the cooling tower 20 above cooling water tank 19 again, till the humidity so moved in circles in reaction cavity is reduced to equipment set(ting)value,

(5) cooling water system is in operational process, water temperature in cooling water tank can heat up because of carrying out heat exchange with the hot steam in reaction cavity, when the water temperature that the temperature sensor 22 in cooling water tank 19 detects in cooling water tank is elevated to equipment set(ting)value, PLC intelligent control system 34 will supplement tap water at normal temperature to cooling water tank 19, till the temperature in water tank is reduced to equipment set(ting)value automatically;

(6) when the liquidometer 21 in cooling water tank 19 detects the work liquid level of the liquid level in water tank lower than water pump, if cooling-water pump 18 works, PLC intelligent control system 34 will close the cooling-water pump 18 run automatically, and moisturizing is carried out to cooling water tank 19 simultaneously, until when the water level in cooling water tank 19 reaches the work liquid level of water pump, require to assign further instruction to the start and stop of cooling-water pump 18 according to equipment setting again after PLC intelligent control system 34 other parameters comprehensive, if cooling-water pump 18 is work not, PLC intelligent control system 34 will supplement tap water at normal temperature to cooling water tank 19 automatically, until the water level of water tank reaches the work liquid level required by cooling-water pump 18,

(7) in the operational process of fermentation equipment, the signal that each sensor in real-time reception equipment transmits by PLC intelligent control system 34, and according to these signals, scheduling management and control is carried out to each electromechanical equipment in fermentation equipment, the stop information of various types of signal and electromechanical equipment is sent to remote server 36 by sender unit 35 by PLC intelligent control system 34 in real time simultaneously, the relevant personnel just can by mobile phone, remote server accessed at any time by the terminating units such as flat board and computer, thus grasp the real time execution situation of fermentation equipment in real time, thus the digital management realized fermentation equipment.

Claims (6)

1. one kind has the changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment of rapid drying ability, the reaction cavity that it is characterized in that being stirred by band, cooling water circulation with condensation water collection system, air heating and with deodorization functions ventilation system, heating in water bath and heat-insulation system and form with the intelligent control system of remote supervisory, its operation mode is: after changing food waste enters reaction cavity, and step-down gear drives stirring shaft to carry out stirring turning reoxygenation to heap body; In water-bath chamber, appropriate well heater and temperature sensor are installed, by the effect of the well heater in water-bath chamber, the temperature of water-bath is made to maintain high temperature section, constant temperature heat supply can be carried out to reaction cavity when piling water-bath chamber when body is not in the thermophilic fermentation stage, maintain the thermophilic fermentation reaction of heap body, be heat insulation layer outside water-bath chamber, for the insulation of cavity, to reduce the calorific loss of heap body; Air heating and ventilation system are used in heap height temperature fermentation treatments for carrying the air of high temperature in reaction chamber, both guaranteed that the oxygen concn in reaction chamber was suitable with the oxygen concn in air, supplement again the calorific loss of ventilation oxygen supply process, maintain the thermophilic fermentation reaction of heap body; Cooling water circulationly be used for the high-temperature water vapor in condensation reaction chamber with condensation water collection system and derived reaction cavity, the moisture contained by guaranteeing in the changing food waste dropped into every day is discharged in 24h, makes heap body water ratio maintain 20%-40%; The tail gas that tail gas deodoration system is discharged for filtering ventilation system, prevents gas to the secondary pollution of environment; Equipment is by PLC intelligent control system controlling run.

2. a kind of changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment with rapid drying ability according to claim 1, is characterized in that being provided with temperature/humidity sensor and oxygen concentration sensor in reaction cavity, for the physical and chemical parameter in monitoring equipment operational process; Well heater and temperature sensor are installed, according to the actual temperature demand in reaction cavity in time to reaction cavity heat supply in water-bath chamber; Be heat insulating interlayer outside water-bath chamber, for the insulation of cavity; Air heating and ventilation system carry the air of high temperature in treating processes in reaction chamber, guarantee oxygen concn enough in reaction chamber; Cooling water circulation being used for condensation water collection system derives after the moisture condensation in reaction chamber in time; Tail gas deodoration system is for preventing the foul gas in cavity to the secondary pollution of environment; Equipment is by PLC intelligent control system controlling run.

3. a kind of changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment with rapid drying ability according to claim 1, it is characterized in that fermentation equipment main body is the reaction cavity of band agitating function, the structure of cavity is horizontal cylindrical, the post heart position of cylinder is provided with stirring shaft, rotating shaft is provided with the stirring rake that left and right is staggered, rotating shaft is driven by the step-down gear be arranged on outside cavity.

4. a kind of changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment with rapid drying ability according to claim 1, it is characterized in that cooling water circulationly being installed on directly over reaction cavity with condensation water collection system, be respectively from the top down and have the water-cooled tube and the condensation water collection pipe with certain inclination angle of a ranking immediately below water-cooled tube that the top of mouth is drawn clearly in opening for feed/discharging, a row of horizontal is equidistantly installed, wherein:

(1) water-cooled tube can adopt mirror face stainless steel pipe or square tube material, uses during square tube and should make its diagonal lines vertically downward;

(2) continuous mode of water-cooled tube is serial or parallel connection, the source of water coolant is cooling water tank or tap water, adopt during cooling water tank and answer the supporting water pump with liquid level protection, and in cooling water tank mounting temperature sensor and cooling water tank automatic water supplement electromagnetism/electrically operated valve, when water temperature rising or the water shortage of cooling water tank, automatic water supplement electromagnetism/electrically operated valve will open moisturizing until automatically close when the water temperature of water tank reaches systemic presupposition value and safety level again;

(3) semicanal of condensation water collection Guan Weixiang fovea superior, the medullary ray of pipe should be consistent with the medullary ray of the water-cooled tube of top, the caliber of condensation water collection semicanal should not be less than water-cooled tube, condensation water collection pipe is merged into a supervisor outside reaction cavity, and water of condensation is entered municipal wastewater pipe network or sewage treatment facility;

(4) opening for feed is arranged on top or in side.

5. a kind of changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment with rapid drying ability according to claim 1, it is characterized in that air heating and with the ventilation system of deodorization functions by airheater, blower fan, gas distributing pipeline and tail gas odor removal composition, airheater and fan linkage, synchronous averaging or stopping, gas distributing pipeline is fixedly installed in reaction cavity the inwall closing on step-down gear side, its mounting height is a little more than 1/2 radius in semicolumn, gas distribution pipe has gas hole obliquely towards heap body side, for forcing to blow hot gas to heap surface, both can guarantee that having enough oxygen in reaction process in reaction cavity carried out vital metabolic activity for aerobic microbiological, the some vapor in reaction cavity can be taken away again, be provided with production well in the position a little less than condensation water collection pipe of the bearing surface of the other end, and this production well is directly guided to the inspection chamber of water drain, or be connected to the odor removal being filled with granulated active carbon, for the deodorizing process of tail gas.

6. a kind of changing food waste aerobic fermentation equipment with rapid drying ability according to claim 1, it is characterized in that heating in water bath and heat-insulation system are made up of heating in water bath cavity and heat insulating interlayer, the hot water source of water-bath has outer supplying hot water and built-in heating unit two kinds, liquidometer and temperature sensor are installed in water-bath cavity, when the liquid level in water-bath cavity is not enough, system will automatically to water-bath moisturizing, when the water temperature drop of water-bath, system will automatically be supplemented hot water or open heating unit until water temperature reaches the preset value of system; Be heat insulating interlayer outside water-bath chamber, heat insulating interlayer has also wrapped up the upper space of reaction cavity except parcel water-bath chamber, can play good insulation effect to whole reaction cavity and water-bath, can improve heating efficiency and reduce operation energy consumption.