CN204214977U - Neutral line break detection control device - Google Patents
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Abstract
A kind of neutral line break detection control apparatus, comprises signal gathering unit, CPU (central processing unit), output control unit and power supply unit; Wherein, described signal gathering unit, gathers neutral line current and three-phase phase voltage; Described CPU (central processing unit), carry out conversion to the described neutral line current gathered and three-phase phase voltage to calculate, to judge whether neutral line current and imbalance of three-phase voltage state meet the electric characteristic of default neutral line break, if YES then described CPU (central processing unit) by output one trigger pip; Described output control unit, receives the trigger pip of described CPU (central processing unit) output and produces a control signal, the switch automatic trip connected with the load of activated user end; Described power supply unit, provides constant working power to described signal gathering unit, CPU (central processing unit) and output control unit.The control device that the utility model provides, effectively can detect neutral line current and accurately judge zero line situation, and make corresponding safeguard measure in three-phase imbalance situation.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to low-voltage network field, is specifically related to neutral line break detection control apparatus in the operation of a kind of power distribution network.
Background technology
Since entering 21st century, along with socioeconomic development, domestic electric appliance is popularized in a large number, power load constantly increases, find in power distribution network actual motion, because thermal effect, mechanical force, joint oxidation, external force scraping, lawless person steal, build the internal and external factor impacts such as barbarous construction, frequently there is zero line break fault.Neutral line break fault is once occur, the face of impact is very wide, bring very large inconvenience both on the one hand the production of user and life, bring such as corporate image impaired to power supply enterprise again on the other hand, electric power rate difficulty is received, and will bear the multiple risks such as huge reparation, and some place even causes power supply enterprise and customer relationship anxiety, society's labile factor increases, the good cooperative relations between grievous injury private enterprise.
As everyone knows, the existing low-voltage network of China adopts three-phase four-wire system to transmit electricity mostly, for the method for most employing threephase load mean allocation of access resident building, when desirable three-phase equilibrium, each phase voltage is roughly the same, phase 120 degree, specifically please refer to shown in Fig. 1.
But, inventor of the present utility model finds through research, and most of time, single-phase load cannot accomplish equilibrium assignmen, if do not consider zero line, so its polar plot as shown in Figure 2 (assuming that A phase current overload, voltage drags down), this shows, the less phase of load often obtains higher voltage, if change in voltage is larger, this voltage often causes the damage of electrical appliance, and this to be us do not wish to run into; If but now zero line is reliable access, unbalanced electric current is as far as possible by zero line access the earth, also there is voltage in the zero line being equivalent to user side, so its polar plot as shown in Figure 3, can be drawn by this polar plot, although now voltage is different relative to transformer grounding terminal voltage, observe user side, its voltage is in a basic balance.As can be seen here, when three-phase imbalance, the access situation of zero line seems particularly important.
In sum, zero line plays very important effect in three-phase imbalance situation, and how the reliable connection of routine monitor zero line is particularly important, if can detect in zero line loop that having electric current to flow through must judge that zero line reliably connects, current inductor just can accurately detect the electric current of zero line.But can't detect electric current and do not represent that zero line necessarily breaks, according to analysis above, once three-phase relative equilibrium, user side zero line loop vector is 0, and now zero line does not have electric current yet, but due to now three-phase equilibrium, although neutral line break, also electrical equipment will be caused to burn out due to bias voltage.Therefore, only the surplus neutral line current that how effectively to detect when three-phase imbalance also accurately judges zero line situation, makes corresponding safeguard measure, becomes technical matters urgently to be resolved hurrily at present.
Summary of the invention
How what exist for prior art effectively detects neutral line current at three-phase imbalance and accurately judges zero line situation, and make the technical matters of corresponding safeguard measure, the utility model provides a kind of novel neutral line break detection control apparatus.
To achieve these goals, the utility model adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of neutral line break detection control apparatus, comprises signal gathering unit, CPU (central processing unit), output control unit and power supply unit; Wherein,
Described signal gathering unit, gathers neutral line current and three-phase phase voltage;
Described CPU (central processing unit), carry out conversion to the described neutral line current gathered and three-phase phase voltage to calculate, to judge whether neutral line current and imbalance of three-phase voltage state meet the electric characteristic of default neutral line break, if YES then described CPU (central processing unit) by output one trigger pip;
Described output control unit, receives the trigger pip of described CPU (central processing unit) output and produces a control signal, the switch automatic trip connected with the load of activated user end;
Described power supply unit, provides constant working power to described signal gathering unit, CPU (central processing unit) and output control unit.
Compared to prior art, in the neutral line break detection control apparatus that the utility model provides, first described signal gathering unit gathers neutral line current and three-phase phase voltage, secondly described CPU (central processing unit) is carried out conversion to the neutral line current gathered and three-phase phase voltage and is calculated, to judge whether neutral line current and imbalance of three-phase voltage state meet the electric characteristic of default neutral line break, if met, described CPU (central processing unit) is by output one trigger pip, then described output control unit receives described trigger pip and produces a control signal, for the switch automatic trip that the load of activated user end connects, realize effectively detecting neutral line current when three-phase imbalance thus and accurately judge zero line situation, and make the technique effect of corresponding safeguard measure.
Further, described signal gathering unit comprises signal detection module and signal processing module, and described signal detection module comprises current detection module and voltage detection module, and described signal processing module comprises Current amplifier module and voltage sampling module; Wherein,
Described current detection module, carries out induction to the current signal of described zero line and detects;
Described voltage detection module, carries out induction to the phase voltage signal of described three-phase electricity and detects;
Described Current amplifier module, carries out amplification shaping to the neutral line current signal that induction detects;
Described voltage sampling module, samples the phase voltage signal of the three-phase electricity that induction detects.
Further, described current detection module is current sensor, and described voltage detection module is voltage transformer (VT), has precision thus high, isolation and the good feature of security, and does not affect the normal performance of primary circuit after access.
Further, described CPU (central processing unit) comprises A/D modular converter and computing module, described A/D modular converter carries out analog to digital conversion to the neutral line current gathered and three-phase phase voltage, the described neutral line current gathered is converted into the electric current displayed value of 0-100 ampere by described computing module, the described three-phase phase voltage gathered is converted into the voltage displayed value of 0-220 volt, and judge whether the described neutral line current of collection and imbalance of three-phase voltage state meet the electric characteristic of default neutral line break according to the current value after converting and magnitude of voltage, if YES then described computing module by output one trigger pip.
Further, described CPU (central processing unit) selects the STC series monolithic of macrocrystalline company or the PIC series monolithic of crystallite company, has stable performance thus, the feature that interference free performance is splendid.
Further, described output control unit is relay, has contact thus and exports, simple and reliable feature.
Further, the power supply that described power supply unit provides is drawn from the arbitrary phase line triple-phase line and zero line, obtains after linear transformer and voltage stabilizer.
Further, described neutral line break detection control apparatus also comprises the judged result according to described CPU (central processing unit), provides the information Tip element of the normal or abnormal electrical power supply of current power supply, can carry out real-time display reminding thus to current power supply state.
Further, described neutral line break detection control apparatus also comprises the conversion result of calculation according to described CPU (central processing unit), show current each phase phase voltage and the signal display unit of neutral line current value in turn, staff can be facilitated thus to observe the size of each phase phase voltage and neutral line current and process in time, both facilitated production link to test to equipment performance, the personnel that maintain easily again effectively detect whole equipment running status.
Adopt the neutral line break detection control apparatus that the utility model provides; there is following beneficial effect: can carry out effectively detecting and accurately judging to neutral line current in three-phase imbalance situation; make corresponding safeguard measure; namely distributed monitoring and protection is provided by intelligentized technological means and equipment to low-voltage distributing line; improve electricity consumption reliability and user satisfaction; reduce economic dispute and economic loss; decrease the difficulty that electric power overhaul personnel investigate fault simultaneously, have very important significance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is each phase voltage PHASE DISTRIBUTION schematic diagram in desirable three-phase equilibrium situation that prior art provides.
Fig. 2 is each phase voltage PHASE DISTRIBUTION schematic diagram in the three-phase imbalance zero line non-access situation that provides of prior art.
Fig. 3 is each phase voltage PHASE DISTRIBUTION schematic diagram in the three-phase imbalance zero line access situation that provides of prior art.
Fig. 4 is the neutral line break detection control apparatus hardware theory of constitution schematic diagram that the utility model embodiment provides.
In figure, 1, signal gathering unit; 11, signal detection module; 111, current detection module; 112, voltage detection module; 12, signal processing module; 121, Current amplifier module; 122, voltage sampling module; 2, CPU (central processing unit); 21, A/D modular converter; 22, computing module; 3, output control unit; 4, power supply unit; 5, information Tip element; 6, signal display unit.
Embodiment
The technological means realized to make the utility model, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with concrete diagram, setting forth the utility model further.
Please refer to shown in Fig. 4, a kind of neutral line break detection control apparatus, comprise signal gathering unit 1, CPU (central processing unit) 2, output control unit 3 and power supply unit 4; Wherein,
Described signal gathering unit 1, gathers neutral line current and three-phase phase voltage;
Described CPU (central processing unit) 2, carry out conversion to the described neutral line current gathered and three-phase phase voltage to calculate, to judge whether neutral line current and imbalance of three-phase voltage state meet the electric characteristic of default neutral line break, if YES then described CPU (central processing unit) by output one trigger pip;
Described output control unit 3, receives the trigger pip of described CPU (central processing unit) 2 output and produces a control signal, the switch automatic trip connected with the load of activated user end;
Described power supply unit 4, provides constant working power to described signal gathering unit 1, CPU (central processing unit) 2 and output control unit 3.
Compared to prior art, in the neutral line break detection control apparatus that the utility model provides, first described signal gathering unit gathers neutral line current and three-phase phase voltage, secondly described CPU (central processing unit) is carried out conversion to the neutral line current gathered and three-phase phase voltage and is calculated, to judge whether neutral line current and imbalance of three-phase voltage state meet the electric characteristic of default neutral line break, if met, described CPU (central processing unit) is by output one trigger pip, then described output control unit receives described trigger pip and produces a control signal, for the switch automatic trip that the load of activated user end connects, realize effectively detecting neutral line current when three-phase imbalance thus and accurately judge zero line situation, and make the technique effect of corresponding safeguard measure.
As specific embodiment, please refer to shown in Fig. 4, described signal gathering unit 1 comprises signal detection module 11 and signal processing module 12, described signal detection module 11 comprises current detection module 111 and voltage detection module 112, and described signal processing module 12 comprises Current amplifier module 121 and voltage sampling module 122; Wherein, described current detection module 111, carries out induction to the current signal of described zero line and detects; Described voltage detection module 112, carries out induction to the phase voltage signal of described three-phase electricity and detects; Described Current amplifier module 121, carries out amplification shaping to the neutral line current signal that induction detects; Described voltage sampling module 122, samples the phase voltage signal of the three-phase electricity that induction detects.Particularly, described current detection module 111 detects for carrying out induction to the current signal of zero line; Described voltage detection module 112 is provided with three, detects for carrying out induction respectively to A, B, C three-phase phase voltage signal of three-phase electricity; Described Current amplifier module 121 is connected with current detection module 111, carries out amplification shaping for the neutral line current signal detected induction; Described voltage sampling module 122 is connected with voltage detection module 112, samples for A, B, C three-phase phase voltage signal detected induction.In the present embodiment, when detecting neutral line current signal, need to process the ac current signal on described current detection module 111, namely ac small signal is amplified and be shaped to direct current effective value signal, so that follow-up described CPU (central processing unit) 2 can accurately detect, it specifically can adopt amplification rectification circuit well known to those skilled in the art to realize.
As specific embodiment, described current detection module 111 is current sensor, and described voltage detection module 112 is voltage transformer (VT), has precision thus high, isolation and the good feature of security, and does not affect the normal performance of primary circuit after access.
As specific embodiment, please refer to shown in Fig. 4, described CPU (central processing unit) 2 comprises A/D modular converter 21 and computing module 22, described A/D modular converter 21 carries out analog to digital conversion to the neutral line current gathered and three-phase phase voltage, the described neutral line current gathered is converted into the electric current displayed value of 0-100 ampere by described computing module 22, the described three-phase phase voltage gathered is converted into the voltage displayed value of 0-220 volt, and judge whether the described neutral line current of collection and imbalance of three-phase voltage state meet the electric characteristic of default neutral line break according to the current value after converting and magnitude of voltage, if YES then described computing module 22 by output one trigger pip.Particularly, described A/D modular converter 21 is connected with described Current amplifier module 121 and voltage sampling module 122, for carrying out analog to digital conversion to the neutral line current after amplification shaping and the three-phase phase voltage after sampling; Neutral line current after analog to digital conversion is converted into the electric current displayed value of 0-100 ampere by described computing module 22, and the three-phase phase voltage after analog to digital conversion is converted into the voltage displayed value of 0-220 volt, and judge whether the described neutral line current that gathers and imbalance of three-phase voltage state meet the electric characteristic of default neutral line break according to the current value after converting and magnitude of voltage, if YES then described computing module 22 by output one trigger pip.As a kind of embodiment, the electric characteristic of described default neutral line break is: neutral line current is that this equipment of 0(regards zero line no current lower than 50 milliamperes), imbalance of three-phase voltage state (the voltage deviation size namely between three-phase phase voltage) is more than 12.5%; If the described neutral line current gathered is 0, and described imbalance of three-phase voltage state is more than 12.5%, then can judge described neutral line break, now needs that corresponding output is made to this kind of event and control.Certainly, those skilled in the art is understood that on the basis of aforementioned default neutral line break electric characteristic, the electric characteristic of described default neutral line break is not limited thereto, it can also set the ultimate value of neutral line current and three-phase voltage deviation according to actual needs, as long as effectively can judge neutral line break and make corresponding output to control.
As specific embodiment, described CPU (central processing unit) 2 selects the STC series monolithic of macrocrystalline company or the PIC series monolithic of crystallite company, has stable performance thus, the feature that interference free performance is splendid.Particularly, described CPU (central processing unit) 2 is control and the process core of whole detection control apparatus, is mainly used to process the neutral line current signal inputted and three-phase phase voltage signal.Therefore, in the type selecting of processor chips, be applied to power frequency occasion based on this control device, electromagnetic interference (EMI) is large, so select the chip that antijamming capability is stronger as far as possible; Simultaneously, described CPU (central processing unit) 2 moment detects the phase voltage of three-phase current, phase place and neutral line current, described A/D modular converter 21 operation irregularity is frequent, therefore require that the A/D arithmetic speed of CPU (central processing unit) 2 wants fast, precision wants high, on the basis that this analyzes, the STC series monolithic of domestic macrocrystalline company or the PIC series monolithic of crystallite company of the U.S. are selected in suggestion.
As specific embodiment, described output control unit 3 is relay, has contact thus and exports, simple and reliable feature.Particularly, described relay is provided with one group of passive output and controls contact, is in normally open position under normal circumstances; When after abnormity of zero line (as broken string), by the trigger pip closing of contact conducting that the described CPU (central processing unit) 2 of reception exports, and produce the switch automatic trip of a control signal activated user end load connection, with disconnecting consumers power supply.
As specific embodiment, the power supply that described power supply unit 4 provides is drawn from the arbitrary phase line triple-phase line and zero line, obtains after linear transformer and voltage stabilizer.Particularly, described power supply unit 4 comprises the first power input and second source input end, described first power input is drawn from the arbitrary phase line A, B, C triple-phase line, and described second source input end is drawn from zero line, realizes the power source of described power supply unit 4 thus.Inventor of the present utility model studies discovery further, under three-phase voltage is in non-equilibrium state, phase voltage amplitude of variation is often larger, in order to obtain constant voltage source, need the voltage of drawing from the arbitrary phase line in triple-phase line and zero line first to carry out transformation through linear transformer, and then carry out voltage stabilizing acquisition by voltage stabilizer.As a kind of embodiment; the LM2576 series voltage stabilizing chip that described voltage stabilizer adopts National Semiconductor to produce; LM2576 series voltage stabilizer is that 3 Ampere currents that National Semiconductor produces export stabilized switch type mu balanced circuit; it includes fixed oscillator (52 KHz) and benchmark voltage stabilizer (1.23 volts); and there is perfect protection circuit; comprise current limit and breaking circuit etc., utilize this chip only to need few peripheral components just can form efficient mu balanced circuit.
As specific embodiment; please refer to shown in Fig. 4; described neutral line break detection control apparatus also comprises the judged result according to described CPU (central processing unit) 2, provides the information Tip element 5 of the normal or abnormal electrical power supply of current power supply, can carry out real-time display reminding thus to current power supply state.Particularly, described information Tip element 5 is connected with an I/O interface of described CPU (central processing unit) 2, for the judged result according to described CPU (central processing unit) 2, provides current power supply information that is normal or abnormal electrical power supply and points out; As a kind of embodiment, described information Tip element 5 is one group of LED(light emitting diode) lamp, when the green light in LED group glimmers, all are normal to represent current power supply; When blinking red lamp in LED group, represent that exception has appearred in current power supply, described CPU (central processing unit) 2 controls the action of described output control unit 3 this moment, exports the switch automatic trip that the load of control signal activated user end connects.
As specific embodiment, please refer to shown in Fig. 4, described neutral line break detection control apparatus also comprises the conversion result of calculation according to described CPU (central processing unit) 2, show current each phase phase voltage and the signal display unit 6 of neutral line current value in turn, staff can be facilitated thus to observe the size of each phase phase voltage and neutral line current and process in time, both facilitated production link to test to equipment performance, the personnel that maintain easily again effectively detect whole equipment running status.Particularly, described signal display unit 6 is connected with an I/O interface of described CPU (central processing unit) 2, for the conversion result of calculation according to described CPU (central processing unit) 2, shows current each phase phase voltage and the value of neutral line current in turn; As a kind of embodiment, described signal display unit 6 is a LCD(liquid crystal display) panel, current each phase phase voltage after can being calculated the conversion of described CPU (central processing unit) 2 by this LCD and neutral line current value are shown, so that staff observes and process.
The utility model also provides a kind of control method adopting aforementioned neutral line break detection control apparatus, comprises the following steps:
S1, described signal gathering unit gather neutral line current and three-phase phase voltage;
S2, described CPU (central processing unit) are carried out conversion to the neutral line current gathered and three-phase phase voltage and are calculated;
S3, described CPU (central processing unit) judge whether neutral line current is 0, then judge whether three-phase voltage is in non-equilibrium state if YES again, then perform step S4 if YES;
S4, described output control unit export control signal, the switch automatic trip that the load of activated user end connects.
Particularly, before the control method of the described neutral line break detection control apparatus of application, first described neutral line break detection control apparatus to be powered on, so that system and device carries out initialization operation; Then described signal gathering unit 1 pair of neutral line current and three-phase phase voltage is adopted to gather; Secondly described CPU (central processing unit) 2 carries out conversion calculating to the neutral line current gathered and three-phase phase voltage, neutral line current is converted into the electric current displayed value of 0-100 ampere, and three-phase phase voltage is converted into the voltage displayed value of 0-220 volt; Then described CPU (central processing unit) 2 judges whether the neutral line current after converting is 0, if be 0, then judge that whether voltage deviation size between three-phase voltage is more than 12.5%, if namely think that more than 12.5% described three-phase voltage is in non-equilibrium state, otherwise then think that described three-phase voltage is not be in uneven shape; If YES, then described output control unit 3 will export control signal, the switch automatic trip that the load of activated user end connects, with disconnecting consumers power supply.
Further, if described CPU (central processing unit) 2 judges that the neutral line current after converting is not 0, then this control method will be back to step S1, continue through signal gathering unit 1 pair of neutral line current and three-phase phase voltage gathers.
Further, if described CPU (central processing unit) 2 judges that the three-phase voltage after converting is in equilibrium state, namely there is not voltage deviation between described three-phase phase voltage, then this control method also will be back to step S1, continue through signal gathering unit 1 pair of neutral line current and three-phase phase voltage gathers.
The neutral line break detection control apparatus adopting the utility model to provide and control method; there is following beneficial effect: can carry out effectively detecting and accurately judging to neutral line current in three-phase imbalance situation; make corresponding safeguard measure; namely distributed monitoring and protection is provided by intelligentized technological means and equipment to low-voltage distributing line; improve electricity consumption reliability and user satisfaction; reduce economic dispute and economic loss; decrease the difficulty that electric power overhaul personnel investigate fault simultaneously, have very important significance.
What finally illustrate is, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model and unrestricted, although be described in detail the utility model with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify to the technical solution of the utility model or equivalent replacement, and not departing from aim and the scope of technical solutions of the utility model, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present utility model.
Claims (9)
1. a neutral line break detection control device, is characterized in that, comprises signal gathering unit, CPU (central processing unit), output control unit and power supply unit; Wherein,
Described signal gathering unit, gathers neutral line current and three-phase phase voltage;
Described CPU (central processing unit), carry out conversion to the described neutral line current gathered and three-phase phase voltage to calculate, to judge whether neutral line current and imbalance of three-phase voltage state meet the electric characteristic of default neutral line break, if YES then described CPU (central processing unit) by output one trigger pip;
Described output control unit, receives the trigger pip of described CPU (central processing unit) output and produces a control signal, the switch automatic trip connected with the load of activated user end;
Described power supply unit, provides constant working power to described signal gathering unit, CPU (central processing unit) and output control unit.
2. neutral line break detection control device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described signal gathering unit comprises signal detection module and signal processing module, described signal detection module comprises current detection module and voltage detection module, and described signal processing module comprises Current amplifier module and voltage sampling module; Wherein,
Described current detection module, carries out induction to the current signal of described zero line and detects;
Described voltage detection module, carries out induction to the phase voltage signal of described three-phase electricity and detects;
Described Current amplifier module, carries out amplification shaping to the neutral line current signal that induction detects;
Described voltage sampling module, samples the phase voltage signal of the three-phase electricity that induction detects.
3. neutral line break detection control device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described current detection module is current sensor, and described voltage detection module is voltage transformer (VT).
4. neutral line break detection control device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described CPU (central processing unit) comprises A/D modular converter and computing module, described A/D modular converter carries out analog to digital conversion to the neutral line current gathered and three-phase phase voltage, the described neutral line current gathered is converted into the electric current displayed value of 0-100 ampere by described computing module, the described three-phase phase voltage gathered is converted into the voltage displayed value of 0-220 volt, and judge whether the described neutral line current of collection and imbalance of three-phase voltage state meet the electric characteristic of default neutral line break according to the current value after converting and magnitude of voltage, if YES then described computing module by output one trigger pip.
5. neutral line break detection control device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described CPU (central processing unit) selects the STC series monolithic of macrocrystalline company or the PIC series monolithic of crystallite company.
6. neutral line break detection control device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described output control unit is relay.
7. neutral line break detection control device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the power supply that described power supply unit provides is drawn from the arbitrary phase line triple-phase line and zero line, obtains after linear transformer and voltage stabilizer.
8. neutral line break detection control device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described neutral line break detection control device also comprises the judged result according to described CPU (central processing unit), provides the information Tip element of the normal or abnormal electrical power supply of current power supply.
9. the neutral line break detection control device according to any one of claim 1-8, it is characterized in that, described neutral line break detection control device also comprises the conversion result of calculation according to described CPU (central processing unit), shows current each phase phase voltage and the signal display unit of neutral line current value in turn.
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