CN106786681A - Low-voltage platform area becomes threephase load automatic-balancing system and its automatic balancing method - Google Patents
Low-voltage platform area becomes threephase load automatic-balancing system and its automatic balancing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of low-voltage platform area becomes threephase load automatic-balancing system and its automatic balancing method, including an intelligent central controller and several intelligent phase changers, intelligent central controller is arranged on the top of ready to balance circuit, and intelligent phase changer is arranged on along the single-phase branch road of three phase transformations, intelligent central controller only be responsible for be arranged on branch road intelligent phase changer is communicated, intelligent phase changer as intelligent central controller slave.The change that the present invention passes through the monitored circuit three-phase voltage current of collection, carry out the degree of unbalancedness of real-time assessment three-phase load circuit, degree of unbalancedness according to three-phase load circuit starts balanced logic algorithm and arbitrary sampling method to control three-phase to monitor the load switching of circuit, so as to reach the purpose of Real-time Balancing three-phase load.
Description
Technical field：
The invention belongs to power distribution technical field, and in particular to a kind of low-voltage platform area becomes threephase load automatic-balancing system
And its automatic balancing method.
Background technology：
As China's development of modern industry is constantly accelerated, uneven nonlinear-load also increases therewith in power system.It is logical
In the case of often, power network three-phase imbalance long-play can have a strong impact on the power network quality of power supply, and to power supply and electricity consumption both sides
To all have a negative impact, such as in production, household electricity, be influenceed by three-phase imbalance, transformer will be in asymmetric operation
State, causes the loss of transformer to increase, and threephase load imbalance can also cause transformer zero-sequence current excessive, local gold
Attribute heats up and increases, and results even in transformer and burns；In electrical equipment side, because the disequilibrium of voltage inevitably results in number
The generation of times current imbalance, the temperature for easily causing electrical equipment rises, energy consumption increases etc., and ultimately results in electrical equipment and make
With the lost of life, acceleration equipment part replacement frequency, the cost of increase plant maintenance.Therefore, should be kept away as far as possible in power system
Exempt from and solve the problems, such as three-phase imbalance.
In China's power system, due to the uneven distribution of electric load, platform area low-voltage, three-phase imbalance problem compared with
For common, and the problem frequently encountered in line management person works has been increasingly becoming it.The three-phase equilibrium problem of low voltage electric network
It is increasingly becoming one of subject matter of puzzlement power supply unit.
Low voltage electric network be mostly through 10/0.4kV transformer pressure-reducings after, to customer power supply in the form of three-phase four-wire system, be
A kind of supply network of three-phase productive power and single-phase load mixing electricity consumption.It is negative in order to prevent in the single-phase user of attaching
Should be balancedly tapped at single-phase load on A, B, C three-phase by lotus three-phase imbalance problem, power supply department.But, in actual work
Make and operation in, mark, the carelessness, the uncontrollable increase-volume of single-phase user, the great power single phase load that meet electric personnel due to circuit
Access and single-phase load electricity consumption the reason such as asynchronism, can all cause the imbalance of threephase load.
In intelligent grid, Three-phase Power Systems imbalance problem refers to voltage or phase angle the size not phase of each phase of three phase mains
Deng belonging to fundamental wave configuration of load problem.It is the generation of three-phase imbalance problem and customer charge characteristic, the planning of power system, negative
The correlations such as lotus distribution.
China's power system《Quality of power supply three-phase voltage allows degree of unbalancedness》(GB/T15543-1995) standard is clearly advised
It is fixed：Uneven permissible value is 2% under power system points of common connection (PCC points) stable state, normal operating mode, and transient state must not exceed
4%.
Under normal circumstances, if power system is in off-center operation for a long time, electric power system easily occurs as follows
Problem：
1) active power of circuit or electric energy loss increases.During three-phase load unbalance, the load current of each phase is unequal,
Out-of-balance current just is generated alternate, these out-of-balance currents, will also be on the neutral conductor in addition to causing loss in phase line
Cause loss, this adds increased total line loss.
2) electric energy loss of distribution transformer increases.In the case of the capacity identical of distribution transformer output, low pressure three
When the uneven ratio of phase load electric current is balanced, the electric energy loss of transformer is big.
3) reduction of exerting oneself of distribution transformer.The design and manufacture of distribution transformer capacity are with threephase load equilibrium condition
Determine, if threephase load is uneven, the EIAJ of distribution transformer can only mutually be no more than by threephase load maximum one
Rated capacity is limited, and the light phase of load just has spare capacity, the reduction so that distribution transformer is exerted oneself.
4) running temperature of distribution transformer is raised, and service life shortens.For three-phase four-wire system, three-phase load is not
During balance, the neutral conductor has electric current and flows through.When neutral current is excessive, the zero sequence fluxes produced by zero-sequence current can be in fuel tank
Pass through in wall and steel construction piece, cause larger electric energy loss, so that distribution transformer running temperature is raised, accelerate transformer
Built-in electrical insulation is aging.Neutral current may exceed when more serious allows current-carrying capacity, the neutral conductor to be blown, three-phase voltage difference
Greatly, overtension in the light phase of load, even up to line voltage, are easily caused distribution transformer failure.
5) neutral point is subjected to displacement, and distribution transformer three-phase voltage is unbalance.Threephase load is uneven, and the neutral conductor has zero sequence electricity
Stream by the counteracting of primary side magnetic flux, and cannot overlap the master of original positive phase sequence by producing zero sequence fluxes in the core
On magnetic flux.This zero sequence fluxes can induce zero-sqeuence potential in first and second lateral coil, and be superimposed upon in the terminal voltage of each phase,
Three-phase voltage asymmetry is caused, neutral point is produced displacement.Big phase voltage is loaded in three-phase just to be reduced, and loads small phase electricity
Pressure is just raised.
Presence problem based on the above, common corrective measure is, according to circuit actual load situation, to adopt in power system
Artificial mode of periodically relocating is taken to be adjusted load, but due to the asynchronism of user power utilization load, in one section of adjustment operation
Still the problem of three-phase imbalance occurs after time, requirement of the intelligent grid to the instantaneous adjustment of load is extremely difficult to.Therefore, grind
Send out to be capable of the device of the alternate load of automatic, intellectual balance a kind of, in can in real time, quickly and efficiently solving power system
Three-phase imbalance problem necessitates.
The content of the invention：
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are：Above-mentioned prior art is solved the problems, such as, and a kind of low pressure is provided
Platform area becomes threephase load automatic-balancing system and its automatic balancing method, by the change of the monitored circuit three-phase voltage current of collection
Change, carry out the degree of unbalancedness of real-time assessment three-phase load circuit, the degree of unbalancedness according to three-phase load circuit is monitored controlling three-phase
The load switching of circuit, so as to reach the purpose of Real-time Balancing three-phase load.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of low-voltage platform area becomes threephase load automatic-balancing system, including an intelligence
Energy central controller and several intelligent phase changers, intelligent central controller are arranged on the top of ready to balance circuit, and intelligent phase changer is installed
Along the single-phase branch road of three phase transformations, intelligent central controller is only responsible for being communicated with the intelligent phase changer installed in branch road, intelligence
Phase changer as intelligent central controller slave；
The intelligent central controller is using dsp chip as processor MCU；It is defeated that the input of processor MCU connects button respectively
Enter circuit, analog input circuit and power circuit, and the input of button inputting circuits connects button or touch-screen, simulation input
The input connection three-phase load data sampling circuit of circuit, the working power of the intelligent central controller circuit of power circuit supply simultaneously has
There is dc source output interface；The output end connection liquid crystal display circuit of processor MCU, and the output end of liquid crystal display circuit connects
Connect display；Processor MCU is also connected with communicating circuit and goes forward side by side row data communication, and on the one hand telecommunication circuit passes through G PRS circuits
Enter row data communication with remote monitoring host computer, communicating circuit is on the other hand by the communication of less radio-frequency device and intelligent phase changer
Circuit enters row data communication；
Equally using dsp chip as cpu circuit, the input of cpu circuit connects simulation to the intelligent phase changer respectively
Input circuit and power circuit, the input connection uniline load data sample circuit of analog input circuit, power circuit
The working power of the intelligent phase changer circuit of supply simultaneously has dc source output interface；Cpu circuit connects with phase changer communicating circuit
Letter is connected, and phase changer communicating circuit is communicated by less radio-frequency device and intelligent central controller, the output end connection of cpu circuit
Digital output circuit, the output end connection phase sequence switching switch of digital output circuit.
A kind of automatic balancing method for becoming threephase load automatic-balancing system based on above-mentioned low-voltage platform area, intelligent central controller peace
Mounted in the top of monitored ready to balance total line, and each intelligent phase changer is separately mounted to along the single-phase branch road of three phase transformations,
Intelligent central controller is communicated with each intelligent phase changer, intelligent phase changer as intelligent central controller slave；Intelligent central controller leads to
Cross three-phase current, the voltage of the three-phase load data sampling circuit Real-time Collection platform area low-pressure side of its own.It is power factor (PF), active
Power.Reactive power achievement data, at the same time intelligent phase changer is by its own uniline load data sample circuit reality
When gather voltage, electric current, load and the separate information of single-phase branch road, intelligent phase changer and by the voltage of these single-phase branch roads, electricity
Stream, load and separate information are uploaded to intelligent central controller by communicating circuit；Intelligent central controller real-time monitoring total line three is alternate
Degree of unbalancedness, when monitor the alternate degree of unbalancedness of total line three exceed setting value when, balanced logic algorithm will be started, tie
Each branch road load current size is closed, leveling strategy is optimized by arbitrary sampling method, then by communicating circuit and wirelessly penetrating
Frequency device is communicated and is issued regulating command with intelligent phase changer, after intelligent phase changer receives communication data and regulating command,
Excision, the input of commutation are carried out by the digital output circuit permanent-magnet relay of intelligent phase changer, the balance of each branch road load is realized.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, balanced logic algorithm and arbitrary sampling method are as follows in described automatic balancing method：
If at a time, 6 intelligent phase changers monitor 6 charge circuit current values and its branch road charge circuit respectively
Separate grouping information is expressed as：
i1∈A,i2∈A,i3∈B,i4∈B,i5∈C,i6∈C (1)
A, B, C are respectively total line three-phase in formula；
Intelligent central controller now monitors that total line load current is IA,IB,IC, its degree of balance commented by following formula
Estimate：
Three-phase equilibrium angle value in formulaCan be by parameter tuning, intelligent central controller monitors that three-phase load circuit is real-time
During total current satisfaction (2) formula, then the optimization of three-phase equilibrium circuit is started according to charge circuit current value and calculated, calculated to use and take out at random
Sample method, whole implementation process is as follows：
The first step, intelligent central controller real-time sampling three-phase load total line load current IA、IB、IC；
Second step, intelligent central controller takes three-phase equilibrium degree setting valve, and calculates whether (2) formula is set up；Held if setting up
The step of row the 3rd, it is invalid, return to the first step；
3rd step, intelligent central controller is called together by less radio-frequency device and communicating circuit and surveys each of each branch road intelligence phase changer collection
Branch road load current and phase group information, represent in (1) formula form；
4th step, classification calculating is carried out by the phase group information of single-phase load circuit, will belong to A, B, C three-phase branch road load
Electric current is added, and calculates its three-phase equilibrium error, and keeping records calculated value and categorizing information, by (3), (4),
(5) formula form is represented：
In formulaIt is error minimum commutation value,It is error commutation value；
emin=(iA-iB)2+(iB-iC)2+(iC-iA)2 (5)
E in formulaminIt is error minimum value, e is error amount；
5th step, intelligent central controller sets the value of frequency in sampling num and to branch road load current information i1,i2,i3,i4,i5,
i6Carry out random sampling with equal probability packet：
i1∈ (A, B, C) sampling results is designated as：i1=(C)
i2∈ (A, B, C) sampling results is designated as：i2=(B)
i3∈ (A, B, C) sampling results is designated as：i3=(B)
i4∈ (A, B, C) sampling results is designated as：i4=(A)
i5∈ (A, B, C) sampling results is designated as：i5=(B)
i6∈ (A, B, C) sampling results is designated as：i6=(B)
The total degree num that sampled after the completion of sampling subtracts 1, and according to the result of sampling, according to the phase of (6) formula single-phase load circuit
Group information carries out classification calculating, and its result of calculation is recorded according to (8) formula：
e2=(i'A-i'B)2+(i'B-i'C)2+(i'C-i'A)2 (8)
6th step, compares result of calculation e twiceminAnd e2It is compared, if emin<=e2, then return and re-execute the 5th
Step, if emin>e2, then e is used2Value replaces emin,ReplaceCentral controller
Record e2The mutually category classification of sampling results, and whether judgement sampling total degree is zero, is not zero, and repeats the 5th step, is zero
Then perform the 7th step；
7th step, central controller foundationInformation commutation command is issued to descending phase changer, and
And jump to the first step and repeat.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, described arbitrary sampling method is using random on the basis of current phase group matching
The method of sampling optimizes current matching phase sequence, and num is random sampling number of times, num parameters are chosen bigger, then arrived at random optimal
The probability for matching phase sequence is bigger, but with the increase of monitored line load branch road quantity, in order to increase random sampling sample
Space, num parameters are chosen can the increase of exponentially form；Assuming that monitored line load circuitry number is N, then random sampling sample
Space number is 3N；Num parameters are excessive, influence its arithmetic speed, and the too small then random probability to Optimum Matching phase sequence is smaller,
Therefore, the selection of num needs to be determined according to monitored load branch circuit quantity.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, theoretical and actual test checking, the power down time of 30ms will not cause electrical equipment power down,
Therefore in action, the switching time interval for disconnecting mutually and putting into phase is power off time interval holding in 30ms to intelligence phase changer
Ensure that electrical equipment not power down.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, intelligent phase changer as system executing agency, on the one hand, using current over-zero excision,
The method of voltage zero-cross input；On the other hand, it is using permanent-magnet relay as action element, the intelligent phase changer commutation time is small
In 30ms.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, intelligent central controller is to collect sampling, computing in automatic-balancing system, communication, man-machine interaction, put down
Weighing apparatus logical algorithm is in the intelligent controlling device of one；
Intelligent central controller is capable of three-phase current, voltage, power factor (PF), active power, the nothing of Real-time Collection platform area low-pressure side
Load data, separate information in work(power index data and intelligent phase changer, are produced information by CPRS communication modes；
The balanced logic algorithm of intelligent central controller, can combine the load of balancing demand and each intelligent phase changer, carry out logic
The computing of combination, solves optimal policy, and regulating command is conveyed into intelligent phase changer by radio frequency communication method；
In the composition of intelligent central controller：
1) processor MCU：
The bit DSP chip of high-performance 16 that the processor MCU of intelligent central controller is provided using Texas Instrument, data processing function
It is powerful, support at least 16 road analog acquisitions and 32 road programmable digital amounts；It is the core of whole system operation, control dress
Signal acquisition, balanced logic computing, the distant place GPRS communications put, and with radio frequency communication between phase changer etc.；
2), liquid crystal display circuit：
The centralized displaying of device information and the human-computer interaction interface of parameter modification, liquid crystal display show dimensions as the Chinese of 128X 64
Word lattice, is communicated by SPI serial ports and dsp chip；
3), button inputting circuits：
Device key-press module major function is the key-press input function of being configured as device information inquiry, logic, and button is certainly
Band disappears and trembles function；
4) communicating circuit：
Device communication module is divided into the GPRS circuits and wirelessly penetrating with intelligence commutation communication among unit for supporting distant place communication
Two parts of frequency circuit；The function of GPRS distant places communicating circuit be device is gathered three-phase current, voltage, power factor (PF), have
Load data, separate information on the achievement datas such as work(power, reactive power and phase changer are produced；
The function of less radio-frequency device is to complete and the information exchange between intelligent phase changer, receives what intelligent phase changer was uploaded
Load and affiliated separate information, while regulating command can be handed down into phase changer；Configuration high-performance wireless RF device, with number
According to transmittability it is strong, transmission range is wide, the excellent feature of interference free performance；
5) analog input circuit and load data Acquisition Circuit：
System mainly gathers three-phase current, voltage indexes data；
After AC sampling analog signalses are processed through transformer, reverse operational amplification circuit and passive filter circuit, introduce
Changed to 12 built-in ADC analogue-to-digital converters of DSP, obtained original sampling data；ADC converters use hardware
PHASE-LOCKED LOOP PLL TECHNIQUE gathered with frequency, 24 points of each frequency cycle design sampling, and sampling precision is high, for analyzing, calculating three-phase
The degree of unbalancedness of system；
6) power circuit：
Power circuit turns DC5V, 12V, 24V Switching Power Supply using AC/DC220V, and the DC5V power supplys of stabilization are provided for device,
And the reserved output of DC12V and DC24V power supplys all the way；
The intelligent phase changer is the executing agency of automatic-balancing system, is to collect sampling, communication, phase sequence handoff functionality in one
On the one hand the Intelligent switching device of body, intelligent phase changer gathers the information on load of single-wire line, and by radio frequency communication
Information on load is uploaded to intelligent central controller by form；On the other hand, the control instruction of intelligent central controller is received, to current loads line
Road carries out commutation；
Intelligent phase changer selects permanent magnet relay as action element, and uses operating passing zero technology, realizes to not
Switch with the not power down between phase sequence, intelligent phase changer includes：
1) cpu circuit：
Cpu circuit uses the bit DSP chip of high-performance 16, and its data processing function is powerful, the data acquisition of control device, nothing
Line communication, commutation are outputed；
2) phase changer communicating circuit：
The major function of phase changer communicating circuit is to realize that the double-direction radio between intelligent phase changer and intelligent central controller leads to
News, upload to intelligent central controller, and connect in real time by the separate information on the information on load on single-wire line and intelligent phase changer
Remote operation order by intelligent central controller to intelligent phase changer；High-performance wireless RF device is configured with inside it.
3), analog input circuit and uniline load data Acquisition Circuit：
The major function of Acquisition Circuit be gather single-wire line information on load, analog input circuit with DSP it is built-in 12
Position ADC analogue-to-digital converters are changed, and obtain single line load current data, are that intelligent central controller three-phase balancing load is cut
Offer data are changed to support；
4) digital output circuit：
The major function of system digital output circuit is that the relay for realizing phase changer phase sequence switching action is outputed, its use permanent magnetism after
Electrical equipment as action element, with load capacity is strong, small power consumption, quick action the features such as；
5) power circuit：
Power circuit turns DC5V, 12V, 24V Switching Power Supply using AC/DC220V, and the DC5V power supplys of stabilization are provided for device,
And the reserved output of DC12V and DC24V power supplys all the way.
Low-voltage platform area of the invention becomes threephase load automatic-balancing system and its automatic balancing method, monitored by collection
The change of circuit three-phase voltage current, carrys out the degree of unbalancedness of real-time assessment three-phase load circuit, and three are controlled according to degree of unbalancedness
The load switching of circuit is mutually monitored, so as to reach the purpose of Real-time Balancing three-phase load, the effect in power system is mainly wrapped
Include following aspects：
1) autobalance threephase load：
Real-time monitoring tri-phase unbalance factor, and threephase load is automatically adjusted according to degree of unbalancedness, maximum of commutation time needs
30ms, does not interrupt customer power supply, will not cause the reset of common electric and restart, and also will not produce infringement to electrical equipment.
2) intelligent networking：
For the pattern of multiple intelligence central controller common networks, possesses the intelligent networking mechanism of uniqueness, i.e. preemptive type tdm communication
Mechanism, mechanism avoids the conflict and interference of the carrier communication between different branch, realizes intelligent networking function.
3) transformer loss is reduced：
Transformer is in symmetrical operation state, effectively reduce transformer loss.
4) line loss is reduced, neutral current is effectively reduced, so as to reduce the loss of the neutral conductor, while also reducing
The loss of phase line.
5) low pressure, overpressure problems are solved：
Solve the problems, such as low pressure, the overvoltage caused by three-phase imbalance, it is to avoid burn out electrical equipment or because low because of overvoltage
The normal operation of pressure influence electrical equipment.
6) protection low-voltage distribution network, safe operation：
Avoid due to neutral current it is long-term it is excessive caused by heating and old damage, and avoid the distribution such as transformer and set
The standby potential safety hazard burnt.
Advantageous effect
(1), system effect
Tradition is overcome by manually relocating to adjust the shortcoming of three-phase imbalance, can effectively reduce uneven by threephase load
Transformer loss, line loss caused by weighing apparatus, situations such as overcome certain phase excessively stream, and by three-phase imbalance brought it is numerous
Potential safety hazard.
(2), system advantage
It is non-maintaining, exempt from management, system put into operation after without special messenger's maintenance and management, use manpower and material resources sparingly, improve efficiency.
Automatic commutation, is not required to interrupt customer power supply, without artificial participation；The commutation time≤30ms, in will not causing to power
It is disconnected.
Communicated using wireless module, and supported distant place GPRS Background communications, communication networking mode is convenient.
Phase changer uses reliable hardware lock-out techniques, can effectively prevent multiple phase sequences to be also turned on.
Brief description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is present system topological diagram；
Fig. 2 is intelligent central controller electricity theory diagram；
Fig. 3 is intelligent phase changer electricity theory diagram.
Specific embodiment：
Referring to accompanying drawing, low-voltage platform area of the invention becomes threephase load automatic-balancing system, including an intelligent central controller and
Several intelligent phase changers, intelligent central controller is arranged on the top of ready to balance circuit, and intelligent phase changer is arranged on three phase transformation lists
Along the branch road of phase, intelligent central controller is only responsible for being communicated with the intelligent phase changer installed in branch road, intelligent phase changer conduct
The slave of intelligent central controller；The intelligent central controller is using dsp chip as processor MCU；The input of processor MCU connects respectively
Button inputting circuits, analog input circuit and power circuit are connect, and the input of button inputting circuits connects button or touch-screen,
The input connection three-phase load data sampling circuit of analog input circuit, the work of the intelligent central controller circuit of power circuit supply
Power supply simultaneously has dc source output interface；The output end connection liquid crystal display circuit of processor MCU, and liquid crystal display circuit
Output end connects display；Processor MCU is also connected with communicating circuit and goes forward side by side row data communication, and on the one hand telecommunication circuit passes through
GPRS circuits enter row data communication with remote monitoring host computer, and communicating circuit is on the other hand by less radio-frequency device and intelligent commutation
The communicating circuit of device enters row data communication；The intelligent phase changer equally using dsp chip as cpu circuit, cpu circuit it is defeated
Enter end and connect analog input circuit and power circuit respectively, the input connection uniline load data of analog input circuit is adopted
Sample circuit, the working power of the intelligent phase changer circuit of power circuit supply simultaneously has dc source output interface；Cpu circuit with change
Phase device communicating circuit connection communication, and phase changer communicating circuit is communicated by less radio-frequency device and intelligent central controller, CPU electricity
The output end connection digital output circuit on road, the output end connection phase sequence switching switch of digital output circuit.
A kind of automatic balancing method for becoming threephase load automatic-balancing system based on above-mentioned low-voltage platform area, intelligent central controller peace
Mounted in the top of monitored ready to balance total line, and each intelligent phase changer is separately mounted to along the single-phase branch road of three phase transformations,
Intelligent central controller is communicated with each intelligent phase changer, intelligent phase changer as intelligent central controller slave；Intelligent central controller leads to
Cross three-phase current, the voltage of the three-phase load data sampling circuit Real-time Collection platform area low-pressure side of its own.It is power factor (PF), active
Power.Reactive power achievement data, at the same time intelligent phase changer is by its own uniline load data sample circuit reality
When gather voltage, electric current, load and the separate information of single-phase branch road, intelligent phase changer and by the voltage of these single-phase branch roads, electricity
Stream, load and separate information are uploaded to intelligent central controller by communicating circuit；Intelligent central controller real-time monitoring total line three is alternate
Degree of unbalancedness, when monitor the alternate degree of unbalancedness of total line three exceed setting value when, balanced logic algorithm will be started, tie
Each branch road load current size is closed, leveling strategy is optimized by arbitrary sampling method, then by communicating circuit and wirelessly penetrating
Frequency device is communicated and is issued regulating command with intelligent phase changer, after intelligent phase changer receives communication data and regulating command,
Excision, the input of commutation are carried out by the digital output circuit permanent-magnet relay of intelligent phase changer, the balance of each branch road load is realized, it is described
Automatic balancing method in balanced logic algorithm and arbitrary sampling method it is as follows：
If at a time, 6 intelligent phase changers monitor 6 charge circuit current values and its branch road charge circuit respectively
Separate grouping information is expressed as：
i1∈A,i2∈A,i3∈B,i4∈B,i5∈C,i6∈C (1)
A, B, C are difference total line three-phase in formula；
Central controller now monitors that total line load current is IA,IB,IC, its degree of balance assessed by following formula：
Three-phase equilibrium angle value in formulaCan be by parameter tuning, intelligent central controller monitors that three-phase load circuit is real-time
During total current satisfaction (2) formula, then the optimization of three-phase equilibrium circuit is started according to charge circuit current value and calculated, calculated to use and take out at random
Sample method, whole implementation process is as follows：
The first step, intelligent central controller real-time sampling three-phase load total line load current IA、IB、IC；
Second step, intelligent central controller takes three-phase equilibrium degree setting valve, and calculates whether (2) formula is set up；Held if setting up
The step of row the 3rd, it is invalid, return to the first step；
3rd step, intelligent central controller is called together by less radio-frequency device and communicating circuit and surveys each of each branch road intelligence phase changer collection
Branch road load current and phase group information, represent in (1) formula form.
4th step, classification calculating is carried out by the phase group information of single-phase load circuit, will belong to A, B, C three-phase branch road load
Electric current is added, and calculates its three-phase equilibrium error, and keeping records calculated value and categorizing information, by (3), (4),
(5) formula form is represented：
In formulaIt is error minimum commutation value,It is error commutation value；
emin=(iA-iB)2+(iB-iC)2+(iC-iA)2 (5)
E in formulaminIt is error minimum value, e is error amount；
5th step, intelligent central controller sets the value of frequency in sampling num and to branch road load current information i1,i2,i3,i4,i5,
i6Carry out random sampling with equal probability packet：
i1∈ (A, B, C) sampling results is designated as：i1=(C)
i2∈ (A, B, C) sampling results is designated as：i2=(B)
i3∈ (A, B, C) sampling results is designated as：i3=(B)
i4∈ (A, B, C) sampling results is designated as：i4=(A)
i5∈ (A, B, C) sampling results is designated as：i5=(B)
i6∈ (A, B, C) sampling results is designated as：i6=(B)
The total degree num that sampled after the completion of sampling subtracts 1, and according to the result of sampling, according to the phase of (6) formula single-phase load circuit
Group information carries out classification calculating, and its result of calculation is recorded according to (8) formula：
e2=(i'A-i'B)2+(i'B-i'C)2+(i'C-i'A)2 (8)
6th step, compares result of calculation e twiceminAnd e2It is compared, if emin<=e2, then return and re-execute the 5th
Step, if emin>e2, then e is used2Value replaces emin,ReplaceCentral controller
Record e2The mutually category classification of sampling results, and whether judgement sampling total degree is zero, is not zero, and repeats the 5th step, is zero
Then perform the 7th step；
7th step, central controller foundationInformation commutation command is issued to descending phase changer, and
And jump to the first step and repeat.
Above-mentioned arbitrary sampling method is optimized using the method for random sampling on the basis of current phase group matching
Current matching phase sequence, num is random sampling number of times, and num parameters choose bigger, then the random probability to Optimum Matching phase sequence is got over
Greatly, but with the increase of monitored line load branch road quantity, in order to increase the space of random sampling sample, the choosing of num parameters
Taking can the increase of exponentially form；Assuming that monitored line load circuitry number is N, then random sampling sample space number is 3N；num
Parameter is excessive, influences its arithmetic speed, and the too small then random probability to Optimum Matching phase sequence is smaller, therefore, the selection of num is needed
Should be determined according to monitored load branch circuit quantity.
Substantial amounts of theoretical investigation and actual test checking, the power down time of 30ms will not cause electrical equipment power down, therefore
As long as ensureing intelligent phase changer in action, the switching time interval for disconnecting phase and input phase is that power off time interval holding exists
Electrical equipment not power down is ensured that in 30ms.
Intelligent phase changer as system executing agency, on the one hand, using current over-zero excision, voltage zero-cross input side
Method；On the other hand, the intelligent phase changer commutation time is less than by 30ms as action element using permanent-magnet relay.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, intelligent central controller is to collect sampling, computing in automatic-balancing system, communication, man-machine interaction, put down
Weighing apparatus logical algorithm is in the intelligent controlling device of one；
Intelligent central controller is capable of three-phase current, voltage, power factor (PF), active power, the nothing of Real-time Collection platform area low-pressure side
Load data, separate information on the achievement datas such as work(power and intelligent phase changer etc., will can be believed by CPRS communication modes
Breath is produced；The balanced logic algorithm of intelligent central controller, can combine the load of balancing demand and each phase changer, be patrolled
The computing of combination is collected, optimal policy is solved, and regulating command is conveyed to by intelligent phase changer by radio frequency communication method；
In the composition of intelligent central controller：
1) processor MCU：
The bit DSP chip of high-performance 16 that the processor MCU of intelligent central controller is provided using Texas Instrument, data processing function
It is powerful, support at least 16 road analog acquisitions and 32 road programmable digital amounts；It is the core of whole system operation, control dress
Signal acquisition, balanced logic computing, the distant place GPRS communications put, and with radio frequency communication between phase changer etc.；
2), liquid crystal display circuit：
The centralized displaying of device information and the human-computer interaction interface of parameter modification, liquid crystal display show dimensions as the Chinese of 128X 64
Word lattice, is communicated by SPI serial ports and dsp chip；
3), button inputting circuits：
Device key-press module major function is the key-press input function of being configured as device information inquiry, logic, and button is certainly
Band disappears and trembles function；
4) communicating circuit：
Device communication module is divided into the GPRS circuits and wirelessly penetrating with intelligence commutation communication among unit for supporting distant place communication
Two parts of frequency circuit；The function of GPRS distant places communicating circuit be device is gathered three-phase current, voltage, power factor (PF), have
Load data, separate information on the achievement datas such as work(power, reactive power and phase changer etc. are produced；
The function of less radio-frequency device is to complete and the information exchange between intelligent phase changer, receives what intelligent phase changer was uploaded
Load and affiliated separate information, while regulating command can be handed down into phase changer.Configuration high-performance wireless RF device, with number
According to transmittability it is strong, transmission range is wide, the excellent feature of interference free performance.
5) analog input circuit and load data Acquisition Circuit：
System mainly gathers the achievement datas such as three-phase current, voltage；
After AC sampling analog signalses are processed through transformer, reverse operational amplification circuit and passive filter circuit, introduce
Changed to 12 built-in ADC analogue-to-digital converters of DSP, obtained original sampling data.ADC converters use hardware
PHASE-LOCKED LOOP PLL TECHNIQUE gathered with frequency, 24 points of each frequency cycle design sampling, and sampling precision is high, for analyzing, calculating three-phase
The degree of unbalancedness of system；
6) power circuit：
Power circuit turns DC5V, 12V, 24V Switching Power Supply using AC/DC220V, and the DC5V power supplys of stabilization are provided for device,
And the reserved output of DC12V and DC24V power supplys all the way；
The intelligent phase changer is the executing agency of automatic-balancing system, is to collect sampling, communication, phase sequence handoff functionality in one
On the one hand the Intelligent switching device of body, intelligent phase changer gathers the information on load of single-wire line, and by radio frequency communication
Information on load is uploaded to intelligent central controller by form；On the other hand, the control instruction of intelligent central controller is received, to current loads line
Road carries out commutation；
Intelligent phase changer selects permanent magnet relay as action element, and uses operating passing zero technology, realizes to not
Switch with the not power down between phase sequence, intelligent phase changer includes：
1) cpu circuit：
Cpu circuit equally uses the bit DSP chip of high-performance 16, and its data processing function is powerful, and the data of control device are adopted
Collection, wireless telecommunications, commutation are outputed；
2) phase changer communicating circuit：
The major function of phase changer communicating circuit is to realize that the double-direction radio between intelligent phase changer and intelligent central controller leads to
News, upload to intelligent central controller, and receive intelligence in real time by the separate information on the information on load and phase changer on single-wire line
Can remote operation order of the central controller to intelligent phase changer.High-performance wireless RF device is configured with inside it, with data transfer
Ability is strong, transmission range is wide, the excellent feature of interference free performance；
3), analog input circuit and uniline load data Acquisition Circuit：
The major function of Acquisition Circuit be gather single-wire line information on load, analog input circuit with DSP it is built-in 12
Position ADC analogue-to-digital converters are changed, and obtain single line load current data, are that intelligent central controller three-phase balancing load is cut
Offer data are changed to support；
4) digital output circuit：
The major function of system digital output circuit is that the relay for realizing phase changer phase sequence switching action is outputed, its use permanent magnetism after
Electrical equipment as action element, with load capacity is strong, small power consumption, quick action the features such as；
5) power circuit：
Power circuit turns DC5V, 12V, 24V Switching Power Supply using AC/DC220V, and the DC5V power supplys of stabilization are provided for device,
And the reserved output of DC12V and DC24V power supplys all the way.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of low-voltage platform area becomes threephase load automatic-balancing system, it is characterised in that：Including an intelligent central controller and some
Individual intelligent phase changer, intelligent central controller is arranged on the top of ready to balance circuit, and intelligent phase changer is single-phase installed in three phase transformations
Along branch road, intelligent central controller is only responsible for being communicated with the intelligent phase changer installed in branch road, and intelligent phase changer is used as intelligence
The slave of central controller.
2. low-voltage platform area according to claim 1 becomes threephase load automatic-balancing system, it is characterised in that：In the intelligence
Control device is using dsp chip as processor MCU；The input of processor MCU connects button inputting circuits, analog input circuit respectively
And power circuit, and the input of button inputting circuits connection button or touch-screen, the input connection three of analog input circuit
Phase load data sampling circuit, the working power of the intelligent central controller circuit of power circuit supply simultaneously there is dc source output to connect
Mouthful；The output end connection liquid crystal display circuit of processor MCU, and the output end of liquid crystal display circuit connection display；Processor
MCU is also connected with communicating circuit and goes forward side by side row data communication, and telecommunication circuit is on the one hand by GPRS circuits and remote monitoring host computer
Enter row data communication, on the other hand communicating circuit carries out data and lead to by less radio-frequency device with the communicating circuit of intelligent phase changer
Letter；Equally using dsp chip as cpu circuit, the input of cpu circuit connects simulation input electricity to the intelligent phase changer respectively
Road and power circuit, the input connection uniline load data sample circuit of analog input circuit, power circuit supply intelligence
The working power of energy phase changer circuit simultaneously has dc source output interface；Cpu circuit and phase changer communicating circuit connection communication,
And phase changer communicating circuit is communicated by less radio-frequency device and intelligent central controller, electricity is outputed in the output end connection of cpu circuit
Road, the output end connection phase sequence switching switch of digital output circuit.
3. a kind of automatic balancing method for becoming threephase load automatic-balancing system based on claim 1 low-voltage platform area, its feature exists
In：Intelligent central controller is arranged on the top of monitored ready to balance total line, and each intelligent phase changer is separately mounted to three phase transformation lists
On along the branch road of phase, intelligent central controller is communicated with each intelligent phase changer, intelligent phase changer as intelligent central controller from
Machine；Three-phase current, electricity that intelligent central controller passes through the three-phase load data sampling circuit Real-time Collection platform area low-pressure side of its own
Pressure.Power factor (PF), active power.Reactive power achievement data, at the same time intelligent phase changer is negative by its own uniline
The voltage of the single-phase branch road of lotus data sampling circuit Real-time Collection, electric current, load and separate information, intelligent phase changer and by these lists
The voltage of phase branch road, electric current, load and separate information are uploaded to intelligent central controller by communicating circuit；Intelligent central controller is supervised in real time
The alternate degree of unbalancedness of total line three is surveyed, when monitoring that the alternate degree of unbalancedness of total line three exceedes setting value, will be started
Balanced logic algorithm, with reference to each branch road load current size, leveling strategy is optimized by arbitrary sampling method, then by logical
News circuit and less radio-frequency device are communicated and are issued regulating command with intelligent phase changer, and intelligent phase changer receives communication data
After regulating command, excision, the input of commutation are carried out by the digital output circuit permanent-magnet relay of intelligent phase changer, realize that each branch road is born
The balance of lotus.
4. automatic balancing method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Balanced logic in the automatic balancing method
Algorithm and arbitrary sampling method are as follows：
If at a time, 6 intelligent phase changers monitor that 6 charge circuit current values and its branch road charge circuit are separate respectively
Grouping information is expressed as：
i1∈A,i2∈A,i3∈B,i4∈B,i5∈C,i6∈C (1)
A, B, C are respectively total line three-phase in formula；
Intelligent central controller now monitors that total line load current is IA,IB,IC, its degree of balance assessed by following formula：
Three-phase equilibrium angle value in formulaCan be by parameter tuning, intelligent central controller monitors three-phase load circuit total electricity in real time
When stream meets (2) formula, then the optimization of three-phase equilibrium circuit is started according to charge circuit current value and calculated, calculating uses random sampling
Method, whole implementation process is as follows：
The first step, intelligent central controller real-time sampling three-phase load total line load current IA、IB、IC；
Second step, intelligent central controller takes three-phase equilibrium degree setting valve, and calculates whether (2) formula is set up；The is performed if setting up
Three steps, it is invalid, return to the first step；
3rd step, intelligent central controller is called together by less radio-frequency device and communicating circuit and surveys each branch road that each branch road intelligence phase changer is gathered
Load current and phase group information, represent in (1) formula form；
4th step, classification calculating is carried out by the phase group information of single-phase load circuit, will belong to A, B, C three-phase branch road load current
It is added, and is calculated its three-phase equilibrium error, and keeping records calculated value and categorizing information, by (3), (4), (5) formula
Form is represented：
In formulaIt is error minimum commutation value,It is error commutation value；
emin=(iA-iB)2+(iB-iC)2+(iC-iA)2 (5)
E in formulaminIt is error minimum value, e is error amount；
5th step, intelligent central controller sets the value of frequency in sampling num and to branch road load current information i1,i2,i3,i4,i5,i6Enter
The random sampling with equal probability packet of row：
i1∈ (A, B, C) sampling results is designated as：i1=(C)
i2∈ (A, B, C) sampling results is designated as：i2=(B)
i3∈ (A, B, C) sampling results is designated as：i3=(B)
i4∈ (A, B, C) sampling results is designated as：i4=(A)
i5∈ (A, B, C) sampling results is designated as：i5=(B)
i6∈ (A, B, C) sampling results is designated as：i6=(B)
The total degree num that sampled after the completion of sampling subtracts 1, and according to the result of sampling, according to the phase group of (6) formula single-phase load circuit
Information carries out classification calculating, and its result of calculation is recorded according to (8) formula：
e2=(i'A-i'B)2+(i'B-i'C)2+(i'C-i'A)2 (8)
6th step, compares result of calculation e twiceminAnd e2It is compared, if emin<=e2, then return and re-execute the 5th step,
If emin>e2, then e is used2Value replaces emin,ReplaceCentral controller is remembered
Record e2The mutually category classification of sampling results, and whether judgement sampling total degree is zero, is not zero, and repeats the 5th step, is zero
Perform the 7th step；
7th step, central controller foundationInformation commutation command is issued to descending phase changer, and jump
The first step is gone to repeat.
5. automatic balancing method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The above method is matched in current phase group
On the basis of optimize current matching phase sequence using the method for random sampling, num is random sampling number of times, and num parameters are chosen
Bigger, then the random probability to Optimum Matching phase sequence is bigger, but with the increase of monitored line load branch road quantity, in order to
Increase the space of random sampling sample, num parameters are chosen can the increase of exponentially form；Assuming that monitored line load circuitry number is
N, then random sampling sample space number is 3N；Num parameters are excessive, influence its arithmetic speed, too small then at random to Optimum Matching
The probability of phase sequence is smaller, therefore, the selection of num needs to be determined according to monitored load branch circuit quantity.
6. automatic balancing method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The checking of theoretical and actual test, 30ms's falls
The electric time will not cause electrical equipment power down, therefore intelligent phase changer is in action, between disconnecting the switching time of phase and input phase
Every i.e. power off time interval holding in 30ms.
7. automatic balancing method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Intelligent phase changer as system execution machine
Structure, on the one hand, using current over-zero excision, the method for voltage zero-cross input；On the other hand, using permanent-magnet relay as action
Element, 30ms is less than by the phase changer commutation time.
8. automatic balancing method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Intelligent central controller is collection in automatic-balancing system
Sampling, computing, communication, man-machine interaction, balanced logic algorithm are in the intelligent controlling device of one；
Intelligent central controller is capable of three-phase current, voltage, power factor (PF), active power, the idle work(of Real-time Collection platform area low-pressure side
Load data, separate information on rate achievement data and intelligent phase changer, are produced information by CPRS communication modes；Intelligence
The balanced logic algorithm of central controller, can combine the load of balancing demand and each intelligent phase changer, carry out logical combination
Computing, solve optimal policy, and regulating command is conveyed to by intelligent phase changer by radio frequency communication method；
In the composition of intelligent central controller：
1) processor MCU：
The bit DSP chip of high-performance 16 that the processor MCU of intelligent central controller is provided using Texas Instrument, data processing function is strong
Greatly, at least 16 road analog acquisitions and 32 road programmable digital amounts are supported；It is the core of whole system operation, control device
Signal acquisition, balanced logic computing, distant place GPRS communications, and with the radio frequency communication between phase changer；
2), liquid crystal display circuit：
The centralized displaying of device information and the human-computer interaction interface of parameter modification, liquid crystal display show dimensions as the Chinese character points of 128X 64
Battle array, is communicated by SPI serial ports and dsp chip；
3), button inputting circuits：
Device key-press module major function is the key-press input function of being configured as device information inquiry, logic, and button is carried and disappeared
Tremble function；
4) communicating circuit：
Device communication module is divided into the GPRS circuits and the less radio-frequency electricity with intelligence commutation communication among unit for supporting distant place communication
Two, road part；The function of GPRS distant places communicating circuit is three-phase current, voltage, power factor (PF), the wattful power for gathering device
Load data, separate information on the achievement datas such as rate, reactive power and phase changer are produced；
The function of less radio-frequency device is to complete and the information exchange between intelligent phase changer, receives the load that intelligent phase changer is uploaded
With affiliated separate information, while regulating command can be handed down into phase changer；
5) analog input circuit and load data Acquisition Circuit：
System mainly gathers three-phase current, voltage indexes data；
After AC sampling analog signalses are processed through transformer, reverse operational amplification circuit and passive filter circuit, DSP is incorporated into
12 built-in ADC analogue-to-digital converters are changed, and obtain original sampling data；ADC converters use hardware phase-locked-loop
Technology gathered with frequency, 24 points of each frequency cycle design sampling, and sampling precision is high, for analyzing, calculating three-phase system
Degree of unbalancedness；
6) power circuit：
Power circuit turns DC5V, 12V, 24V Switching Power Supply using AC/DC220V, and the DC5V power supplys of stabilization are provided for device, and
The reserved output of DC12V and DC24V power supplys all the way；
The intelligent phase changer is the executing agency of automatic-balancing system, integrates sampling, communication, phase sequence handoff functionality
On the one hand Intelligent switching device, intelligent phase changer gathers the information on load of single-wire line, and by radio frequency communication form
Information on load is uploaded to intelligent central controller；On the other hand, the control instruction of intelligent central controller is received, current loads circuit is entered
Row commutation；
Intelligent phase changer selects permanent magnet relay as action element, and uses operating passing zero technology, realizes to different phases
Not power down switching between sequence, intelligent phase changer includes：
1) cpu circuit：
Cpu circuit uses the bit DSP chip of high-performance 16, and its data processing function is powerful, the data acquisition of control device, channel radio
News, commutation are outputed；
2) phase changer communicating circuit：
The major function of phase changer communicating circuit is to realize the bidirectional wireless communication between intelligent phase changer and intelligent central controller, will
The separate information on information on load and intelligent phase changer on single-wire line uploads to intelligent central controller in real time, and receives intelligence
Remote operation order of the central controller to intelligent phase changer；High-performance wireless RF device is configured with inside it；
3), analog input circuit and uniline load data Acquisition Circuit：
The major function of Acquisition Circuit is the information on load for gathering single-wire line, and analog input circuit is with 12 DSP built-in ADC
Analogue-to-digital converters are changed, and obtain single line load current data, for the switching of intelligent central controller three-phase balancing load is provided
Data are supported；
4) digital output circuit：
The major function of system digital output circuit is that the relay for realizing phase changer phase sequence switching action is outputed, and it uses permanent-magnet relay
As action element；
5) power circuit：
Power circuit turns DC5V, 12V, 24V Switching Power Supply using AC/DC220V, and the DC5V power supplys of stabilization are provided for device, and
The reserved output of DC12V and DC24V power supplys all the way.
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| CN107834576A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2018-03-23 | 国网山东省电力公司枣庄供电公司 | A kind of distribution three-phase load unbalance has automatically carries adjusting means and control method |
| CN107834576B (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2024-04-23 | 国网山东省电力公司枣庄供电公司 | Automatic on-load adjusting device for unbalanced load of three phases of distribution network and control method |
| WO2019047514A1 (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2019-03-14 | 广东元森能源科技有限公司 | Energy-saving control system for heating apparatus |
| CN108418307A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-08-17 | 郴州市东塘电气设备有限公司 | With the intelligent control main website for carrying formula three-phase equilibrium self-regulation device |
| CN109586320A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-04-05 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of power distribution station load intelligent dispatching system and its load scheduling method |
| CN110031714A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-07-19 | 中电装备山东电子有限公司 | A kind of the bug check platform and bug check method of three-phase imbalance controlling device |
| CN110275072A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-09-24 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | The phase line detector and its detection method in low-voltage three-phase load imbalance platform area |
| CN110912265A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-03-24 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Modular load power consumption information acquisition device |
| CN110912265B (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-02-23 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Modular load power consumption information acquisition device |
| CN110867876A (en) * | 2019-12-01 | 2020-03-06 | 张翼洲 | Low-voltage automatic pre-distribution three-phase line balancing device based on Internet of things and big data |
| CN111146790A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-05-12 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Commutation switch control system |
| CN111371108A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-07-03 | 河海大学常州校区 | Load split-phase fling-cut switch control system |
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