CN204092220U - 一种剌激下颌前导、抑制上颌生长的矫形装置 - Google Patents

一种剌激下颌前导、抑制上颌生长的矫形装置 Download PDF

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CN204092220U
CN204092220U CN201420445104.9U CN201420445104U CN204092220U CN 204092220 U CN204092220 U CN 204092220U CN 201420445104 U CN201420445104 U CN 201420445104U CN 204092220 U CN204092220 U CN 204092220U
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lower jaw
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occlusal pad
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沈刚
陈荣敬
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Abstract

本实用新型涉及一种剌激下颌前导、抑制上颌生长的矫形装置,它包括上颌部分、下颌部分;所述上颌部分有左/右侧塑料牙合垫、螺旋开大器、左/右一前一后两根腭杆,所述螺旋开大器位于患者上颌腭部中线处,左/右一前一后两根腭杆一端固定在螺旋开大器上、另一端融入左/右侧的塑料牙合垫;所述下颌部分有下颌舌侧塑料基托连接的左/右侧塑料牙合垫、卡环、球状邻间钩,下颌部分的左/右侧牙合垫覆盖下颌左/右第一前磨牙或第一乳磨牙的牙合面、在第一前磨牙或第一乳磨牙远中与上颌部分左/右侧牙合垫呈70°向上、向近中的斜面交错关系。本实用新型的优点:本矫形装置通过上颌部分粘结固定在上牙列上,下颌部分靠卡环、邻间钩及加长的基托机械固位于下牙列上,这样矫形效果好。

Description

一种剌激下颌前导、抑制上颌生长的矫形装置
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种口腔正畸矫治器,尤其是涉及一种剌激下颌前导、抑制上颌生长的矫形装置。 
背景技术
骨性突面畸形是口腔正畸临床上较常见的错牙合畸形之一,在国人中典型表现为矢状向上上颌前突以及下颌后退伴前牙深覆牙合和深覆盖,水平向上上颌基骨弓宽度发育不足。目前,用以治疗骨性突面畸形的传统矫形装置是一种活动式下颌前导型功能性矫治器,其作用的发挥依赖患者的佩戴,因为只有髁突持续性的负荷应力变化,才有可能带来下颌长度实质性的增加及上颌过度生长发育的抑制,进而改善上下颌骨矢状关系不调。然而,相关研究表明,正畸患者对戴用矫治器的依从性普遍不高,且对上颌的抑制作用不明显。 
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的是针对现有技术不足之处而提供一种能够增加患者的依从性、制作简单、戴用舒适的剌激下颌前导、抑制上颌生长的矫形装置。该装置对于处于生长发育期的患者,合理地运用矫形方法前导下颌,刺激髁突软骨生长及关节窝重建,使得下颌向前生长,其反作用力则有效抑制上颌生长,经过咬合重建使下颌形成新的稳定的神经-肌肉协调位,于此同时扩展上颌基骨弓宽度,从而达到矫治前牙覆牙合覆盖、调整磨牙关系、协调上下颌牙弓宽度和改善下颌后退、增进面部软组织侧貌和谐与平衡的疗效。 
本实用新型的目的是通过以下措施来实现:一种剌激下颌前导、抑制上颌生长的矫形装置,其特征在于:它包括上颌部分、下颌部分;其中: 
所述上颌部分有左/右侧塑料牙合垫、螺旋开大器、左/右一前一后两根腭杆,所述左/右侧塑料牙合垫起始于上颌第一前磨牙或第一乳磨牙、延至口腔内已萌出的最后一颗磨牙并包裹上述牙齿牙冠,左/右侧塑料牙合垫在上颌第一前磨牙或第一乳磨牙相对牙冠颊面中心位置包埋MBT托槽,所述螺旋开大器位于患者上颌腭部中线处,左/右一前一后两根腭杆一端固定在螺旋开大器上、另一端融入左/右侧的塑料牙合垫,上颌部分的左/右侧塑料牙合垫在第一前磨牙或第一乳磨牙近中与下颌部分左/右侧塑料牙合垫呈70°向下、向远中的交错关系;
下颌部分有下颌舌侧塑料基托连接的左/右侧塑料牙合垫,左/右侧塑料牙合垫位于下颌第一前磨牙或第一乳磨牙位置,第一前磨牙或第一乳磨牙以及第一磨牙放置箭头卡环、下颌切牙间位置放置球状邻间钩,下颌舌侧塑料基托紧贴口腔内下颌所有牙齿牙冠的舌侧面,下颌部分的左/右侧牙合垫覆盖下颌左/右第一前磨牙或第一乳磨牙的牙合面、在第一前磨牙或第一乳磨牙远中与上颌部分左/右侧牙合垫呈70°向上、向近中的斜面交错关系。
所述的上颌部分左/右侧塑料牙合垫的牙合面设有若干穿通微孔。 
与现有技术相比,采用了本实用新型提出的一种剌激下颌前导、抑制上颌生长的矫形装置,具有如下优点:本矫形装置通过上颌部分粘结固定在上牙列上,下颌部分靠卡环、邻间钩及加长的基托机械固位于下牙列上,这样的结构配置较少需要患者配合,从而减少了主观影响因素的干扰,矫形效果更为理想。另外,由于矫形装置上颌固定,对上颌向后的作用力力值充分、作用持续,从而能更有效地抑制上颌骨的向前生长,甚至推上颌骨向后,这对矫治以上颌前突、下颌后退为特征的骨性突面畸形是至关重要的。 
附图说明
图1是本实用新型提出的一个实施例上颌部分结构示意图。 
图2是图1实施例下颌部分结构示意图。 
图3是图1实施例上颌部分和下颌部分咬合示意图。 
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对具体实施方式作详细说明:图1~图3示出了本实用新型的一个实施例。图中,一种剌激下颌前导、抑制上颌生长的矫形装置,它包括上颌部分、下颌部分;其中: 
所述上颌部分有左/右侧塑料牙合垫11、螺旋开大器12、左/右一前一后两根腭杆13,所述左/右侧塑料牙合垫起始于上颌第一前磨牙或第一乳磨牙、延至口腔内已萌出的最后一颗磨牙并包裹上述牙齿牙冠,牙合垫边缘离开牙龈缘1~2mm,有利于牙龈的健康。左/右侧塑料牙合垫在上颌第一前磨牙或第一乳磨牙相对牙冠颊面中心位置包埋MBT托槽。所述螺旋开大器位于病患者上颌腭部中线处,左/右一前一后两根腭杆一端固定在螺旋开大器上、另一端融入左/右侧的塑料牙合垫。通过这样的连接,使上颌各部件形成一个体积相对较小的整体。上颌部分的左/右侧塑料牙合垫在第一前磨牙或第一乳磨牙近中与下颌部分左/右侧塑料牙合垫呈70°向下、向远中的斜面交错关系。本结构中,上颌第一前磨牙或第一乳磨牙相对牙冠颊面中心位置在牙合垫中包埋MBT托槽,配合上颌前牙区MBT托槽粘结,可在矫形治疗的同时排齐上前牙,有效合并和缩短双期正畸治疗的程序和时间。
下颌部分有下颌舌侧塑料基托21连接的左/右侧塑料牙合垫22,左/右侧塑料牙合垫位于下颌第一前磨牙或第一乳磨牙位置,第一前磨牙或第一乳磨牙以及第一磨牙放置箭头卡环23、下颌切牙间位置放置球状邻间钩24,下颌舌侧塑料基托紧贴口腔内下颌所有牙齿牙冠的舌侧面,下颌部分的左/右侧牙合垫覆盖下颌左/右第一前磨牙或第一乳磨牙的牙合面、在第一前磨牙或第一乳磨牙远中与上颌部分左/右侧塑料牙合垫呈70°向上、向近中的斜面交错关系。本结构中,下颌舌侧塑料基托连接左右侧牙合垫,卡环及邻间钩融入基托中,使下颌各部件形成一个整体。下颌舌侧塑料基托紧贴口腔内下颌所有牙齿牙冠的舌侧面及以下的2-3mm牙龈粘膜。 
本实用新型下颌部分的左/右侧牙合垫 与 上颌部分左/右侧塑料牙合垫呈70°向上、向近中的斜面交错关系,如图3所示,构建了上颌部分和下颌部分一个很好的相互制约的力学构结,将下颌引导并保持在前伸位置,对于剌激下颌前导、抑制上颌生长起到了关键的作用。 
本实用新型进一步采取如下措施:所述的上颌部分左/右侧塑料牙合垫的牙合面设有若干穿通微孔。通常穿通微孔的直径为1mm,有利于化学粘结剂的排溢,在化学固位的同时增加机械固位。 
本文申请中的牙合的英文名为 occlusion,在口腔医学中牙与合为一个字的左部和右部,但在普通字库中找不到这样的字,故分开书写。 
上面给出的实施例并不构成对本实用新型的限制,本领域内熟练的技术人员在所附权利要求的范围内做出各种变形或修改均在保护范围内。 

Claims (2)

1.一种剌激下颌前导、抑制上颌生长的矫形装置,其特征在于:它包括上颌部分、下颌部分;其中:
所述上颌部分有左/右侧塑料牙合垫、螺旋开大器、左/右一前一后两根腭杆,所述左/右侧塑料牙合垫起始于上颌第一前磨牙或第一乳磨牙、延至口腔内已萌出的最后一颗磨牙并包裹上述牙齿牙冠,左/右侧塑料牙合垫在上颌第一前磨牙或第一乳磨牙相对牙冠颊面中心位置包埋MBT托槽,所述螺旋开大器位于患者上颌腭部中线处,左/右一前一后两根腭杆一端固定在螺旋开大器上、另一端融入左/右侧的塑料牙合垫,上颌部分的左/右侧塑料牙合垫在第一前磨牙或第一乳磨牙近中与下颌部分左/右侧塑料牙合垫呈70°向下、向远中的交错关系;
下颌部分有下颌舌侧塑料基托连接的左/右侧塑料牙合垫,左/右侧塑料牙合垫位于下颌第一前磨牙或第一乳磨牙位置,第一前磨牙或第一乳磨牙以及第一磨牙放置箭头卡环、下颌切牙间位置放置球状邻间钩,下颌舌侧塑料基托紧贴口腔内下颌所有牙齿牙冠的舌侧面,下颌部分的左/右侧牙合垫覆盖下颌左/右第一前磨牙或第一乳磨牙的牙合面、在第一前磨牙或第一乳磨牙远中与上颌部分左/右侧牙合垫呈70°向上、向近中的斜面交错关系。
2.根据权利要求1所述的剌激下颌前导、抑制上颌生长的矫形装置,其特征在于,所述的上颌部分左/右侧塑料牙合垫的牙合面设有若干穿通微孔。
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