CN204011624U - Waveguide selector based on Graphene - Google Patents
Waveguide selector based on Graphene Download PDFInfo
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- CN204011624U CN204011624U CN201420406655.4U CN201420406655U CN204011624U CN 204011624 U CN204011624 U CN 204011624U CN 201420406655 U CN201420406655 U CN 201420406655U CN 204011624 U CN204011624 U CN 204011624U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of waveguide selector based on Graphene, comprise selector body, this selector integral body is a cuboid, and the graphene layer that this selector is mainly made by grapheme material, continuous coated and the intermittent grooves layer that semi-conducting material is made, and substrate layer, positive ladder body, packed layer and recessed ladder body that non-conducting material is made form.The utility model has utilized the voltage tunable characteristic that Graphene has to build a waveguide selector, thereby can change conducting and the disconnection that voltage is controlled SPP ripple zones of different on Graphene by continuous like this, and then realizes waveguide and select.In addition, the utility model can show metallicity while also having utilized the imaginary part of the conductivity of Graphene to be greater than zero, and electromagnetic wave can not produce the characteristic compared with high attenuation after entering, and the distance that SPP ripple is propagated in waveguide selector is relatively far away.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to Graphene technical field, is specifically related to a kind of waveguide selector based on Graphene.
Background technology
Current most of waveguide (as rectangular waveguide, circular waveguide or dielectric waveguide etc.) be all single path transmit.If go for the selection transmission of multipath, must when selecting, carry out changing and can realizing in physical structure unusual inconvenience so just, nor easily realization.In addition, SPP ripple (surface plasma-wave) can only be propagated in aobvious metallic material, for conductor, although its metallicity comparison is good, once but electromagnetic wave enters wherein and will, due to skin effect sharp-decay, cause electromagnetic wave propagation distance in conductor very limited.
Graphene (Graphene) is a kind of new material of the individual layer laminated structure consisting of carbon atom, is a kind ofly by carbon atom, with sp2 hybridized orbit, to form the flat film that hexangle type is honeycomb lattice, only has the two-dimensional material of a carbon atom thickness.Graphene has a lot of good characteristics, in recent years along with its success is produced, has attracted numerous scientists and engineer's research interest.Because it has voltage tunable characteristic, make conducting or cut-off SPP ripple (surface plasma-wave) under certain voltage conditions.If can utilize this feature, thereby constantly change conducting and the disconnection that voltage is realized Graphene zones of different SPP ripple, can realize waveguide and select.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is the selection transmission that existing waveguide will obtain multipath, must when selecting, carry out the attainable deficiency in change side in physical structure, and a kind of waveguide selector based on Graphene is provided.
For addressing the above problem, the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of waveguide selector based on Graphene, comprise selector body, this selector integral body is a cuboid, and the graphene layer that this selector is mainly made by grapheme material, continuous coated and the intermittent grooves layer that semi-conducting material is made, and substrate layer, positive ladder body, packed layer and recessed ladder body that non-conducting material is made form.
Substrate layer is rectangular structure.Graphene layer overlays on the upper surface of this substrate layer.
Positive ladder body is positive hierarchic structure.The upper surface that is positive ladder body is horizontal plane, and the lower surface of positive ladder body is cascaded surface, and left surface and the right flank of positive ladder body are vertical plane.The ladder bearing of trend of above-mentioned positive ladder body is consistent with the length direction of substrate layer, and the length of positive ladder body equals the length of substrate layer.The width of positive ladder body is less than the width of substrate layer.Positive ladder body is arranged on the below of substrate layer, and the positive upper surface of ladder body and the lower surface of substrate layer are affixed.
Overlay on to continuous coated continous way on the whole lower surface of positive ladder body, the surface of every grade of cascaded surface step be connected the facade of every two-stage step on be all covered with continuous coated.
Recessed ladder body is the hierarchic structure of caving in.The upper surface that is recessed ladder body is a stepped groove face, this stepped groove face is comprised of multistage groove, every grade of groove is corresponding to the one-level step of positive ladder body cascaded surface, and every grade of groove of groove is all concave shape or all L-shaped, the lower surface of recessed ladder body is horizontal plane, and left surface and the right flank of recessed ladder body are vertical plane.The ladder bearing of trend of above-mentioned recessed ladder body is consistent with the length direction of substrate layer, and the length of recessed ladder body equals the length of substrate layer.The width of recessed ladder body equals the width of substrate layer.Recessed ladder body is placed at the below of positive ladder body, and has certain gap between recessed ladder body and positive ladder body.
Overlay on the upper surface of recessed ladder body intermittent grooves layer discontinuous, only on the surface of every grade of groove of stepped groove, be covered with intermittent grooves layer.
Packed layer is filled in the gap location between intermittent grooves layer and positive ladder body, and is filled in the gap location between intermittent grooves layer and substrate layer.
In such scheme, described positive ladder body can be arranged on the middle part of the below of substrate layer.Being that the left surface of positive ladder body and the left surface of substrate layer exist certain distance in the horizontal direction, also there is certain distance in the positive right flank of ladder body and the right flank of substrate layer in the horizontal direction.Now, every grade of groove of the stepped groove of recessed ladder body is all concave shape.
In such scheme, described positive ladder body is arranged on the positive middle part of the below of substrate layer, and the positive width centreline of ladder body and the width centreline of substrate layer are vertically opposite, and these 2 width centrelines are on same vertical plane.
In such scheme, the width of described positive ladder body preferably equal substrate layer width 1/3.
In such scheme, described positive ladder body also can be arranged on a side of the below of substrate layer.Be that the left surface of positive ladder body and the left surface of substrate layer exist certain distance in the horizontal direction, the positive right flank of ladder body is relative with the right flank level of substrate layer.Or the left surface of flight is relative with the left surface level of substrate layer, there is certain distance in the positive right flank of ladder body and the right flank of substrate layer in the horizontal direction.Now, every grade of groove of the stepped groove of recessed ladder body is all L-shaped.
In such scheme, described continuous coated and intermittent grooves layer is preferably silicon.
In such scheme, described substrate layer, positive ladder body, packed layer and recessed ladder body are aluminium oxide.
In such scheme, the progression of the step sum of series groove of described positive ladder body is preferably made as 5 grades.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has utilized the voltage tunable characteristic that Graphene has to build a waveguide selector, thereby can change conducting and the disconnection that voltage is controlled SPP ripple zones of different on Graphene by continuous like this, and then realize waveguide and select.In addition, the utility model also utilized Graphene conductivity (the imaginary part σ of σ=σ '-j σ ") " can show metallicity while being greater than zero, and after electromagnetic wave enters, can not produce the characteristic compared with high attenuation, the distance that SPP ripple is propagated in waveguide selector is relatively far away.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the main parallax stereogram of the waveguide selector based on Graphene.
Fig. 2 is the simplification left hand view (clear for view, this figure only draws an intermittent grooves layer) of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the top perspective view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the graph of a relation of conductivity imaginary part and electric field strength.
Number in the figure: 1, graphene layer; 2, substrate layer; 3, positive ladder body; 4, packed layer; 5, recessed ladder body; 6, continuous coated; 7, intermittent grooves layer.
Embodiment
A kind of waveguide selector based on Graphene, as shown in Figure 1, comprise selector body, this selector integral body is a cuboid, its graphene layer of mainly being made by grapheme material 1, continuous coated 6 and intermittent grooves layer 7 that semi-conducting material is made, and substrate layer 2, positive ladder body 3, packed layer 4 and recessed ladder body 5 that non-conducting material is made form.In the utility model preferred embodiment, described continuous coated 6 and intermittent grooves layer 7 be silicon.Described substrate layer 2, positive ladder body 3, packed layer 4 and recessed ladder body 5 are aluminium oxide.
Substrate layer 2 is rectangular structure.Graphene layer 1 overlays on the upper surface of this substrate layer 2.Positive ladder body 3 is positive hierarchic structure.The upper surface that is positive ladder body 3 is horizontal plane, and the lower surface of positive ladder body 3 is cascaded surface, and left surface and the right flank of positive ladder body 3 are vertical plane.The ladder bearing of trend of above-mentioned positive ladder body 3 is consistent with the length direction of substrate layer 2, and the length of positive ladder body 3 equals the length of substrate layer 2.The width of positive ladder body 3 is less than the width of substrate layer 2.Positive ladder body 3 is arranged on the below of substrate layer 2, and the positive upper surface of ladder body 3 and the lower surface of substrate layer 2 are affixed.Overlay on to continuous coated 6 continous ways on the whole lower surface of positive ladder body 3, the surface of every grade of cascaded surface step be connected the facade of every two-stage step on be all covered with continuous coatedly 6, now continuous coated 6 is successive all the time on ladder bearing of trend.Recessed ladder body 5 is the hierarchic structure of caving in.The upper surface that is recessed ladder body 5 is a stepped groove face, this stepped groove face is comprised of multistage groove, every grade of groove is corresponding to the one-level step of positive ladder body 3 cascaded surfaces, and every grade of groove of groove is all concave shape or all L-shaped, the lower surface of recessed ladder body 5 is horizontal plane, and left surface and the right flank of recessed ladder body 5 are vertical plane.The ladder bearing of trend of above-mentioned recessed ladder body 5 is consistent with the length direction of substrate layer 2, and the length of recessed ladder body 5 equals the length of substrate layer 2.The width of recessed ladder body 5 equals the width of substrate layer 2.Recessed ladder body 5 is placed at the below of positive ladder body 3.And there is certain gap between recessed ladder body 5 and positive ladder body 3.Overlay on the upper surface of recessed ladder body 5 intermittent grooves layer 7 discontinuous, only on the surface of every grade of groove of stepped groove, be covered with intermittent grooves layer 7, connect on the facade of every two-stage groove without covering intermittent grooves layer 7, now intermittent grooves layer 7 is and is interrupted distribution on ladder bearing of trend, and does not connect mutually.Packed layer 4 is filled in the gap location between intermittent grooves layer 7 and positive ladder body 3, and is filled in the gap location between intermittent grooves layer 7 and substrate layer 2.
The progression of the step sum of series groove of positive ladder body 3 has determined the way of Path selection, therefore the progression of the step sum of series groove of positive ladder body 3 can be set according to the path rotation number of design.In the limited embodiment of the utility model, the progression of the step sum of series groove of positive ladder body 3 is made as 5 grades.
The set-up mode of the horizontal direction of described positive ladder body 3 below substrate layer 2 can adopt following two kinds:
The first set-up mode is to allow positive ladder body 3 be arranged on a side of the below of substrate layer 2.Be that the left surface of positive ladder body 3 and the left surface of substrate layer 2 exist certain distance in the horizontal direction, the positive right flank of ladder body 3 is relative with the right flank level of substrate layer 2.Or the left surface of flight is relative with the left surface level of substrate layer 2, there is certain distance in the positive right flank of ladder body 3 and the right flank of substrate layer 2 in the horizontal direction.Now, every grade of groove of the stepped groove of recessed ladder body 5 is all L-shaped.
The second set-up mode is to allow positive ladder body 3 be arranged on the middle part of the below of substrate layer 2.Being that the left surface of positive ladder body 3 and the left surface of substrate layer 2 exist certain distance in the horizontal direction, also there is certain distance in the positive right flank of ladder body 3 and the right flank of substrate layer 2 in the horizontal direction.Now, every grade of groove of the stepped groove of recessed ladder body 5 is all concave shape.Certainly positive ladder body 3 is arranged on the approximate center of the below of substrate layer 2, and the positive width centreline of ladder body 3 and the width centreline of substrate layer 2 deviate; But in the utility model preferred embodiment, described positive ladder body 3 is arranged on the positive middle part of the below of substrate layer 2, the positive width centreline of ladder body 3 and the width centreline of substrate layer 2 are vertically opposite, and these 2 width centrelines are on same vertical plane.
The utility model does not have strict requirement for the width of positive ladder body 3, and the width that only need to guarantee positive ladder body 3 is less than the width of substrate layer 2, the width of its positive ladder body 3 can equal 1/2,1/3 or other arbitrary proportion values of the width of substrate layer 2 just.And when positive ladder body 3 adopts first kind of way to be arranged on substrate layer 2 belows (allowing positive ladder body 3 be arranged on a side of the below of substrate layer 2), can allow the width of positive ladder body 3 just equal substrate layer 2 width 1/2; And when positive ladder body 3 adopts the second way to be arranged on substrate layer 2 belows (allowing positive ladder body 3 be arranged on the positive middle part of the below of substrate layer 2), can allow the width of positive ladder body 3 just equal substrate layer 2 width 1/3.
In the utility model, every grade of corresponding every grade of ladder plane of groove (being ledge surface) is all in the groove in this groove, all and between upper surface, added voltage, but gap between recessed ladder body 5 and positive ladder body 3 does not have strict restriction for groove and cascaded surface.Distance for recessed ladder body 5 with positive ladder body 3, the vertical range h between the groove of every grade of groove and the surface of every grade of step can select arbitrarily.As the vertical range h between the surface of the groove of first order groove and first order step and vertical range h between the groove of second level groove and the surface of second level step, can equate also can be unequal.But in the utility model preferred embodiment, the vertical range h between the surface of reeded groove and its corresponding step all equate.In addition,, for the distance between recessed ladder body 5 and substrate, the opposite side upper surface that a side upper surface of every grade of groove and substrate are vertical range h1 between bottom surface and every grade of groove and substrate are that vertical range h2 between bottom surface can equate also can be unequal.When h1=h2, SPP ripple can conduct to the both sides of this groove simultaneously.When h1 ≠ h2, SPP ripple is by one side conduction less in the h1 to this groove and h2.As Fig. 3.But in the utility model preferred embodiment, in order to guarantee the one-way transmission of waveguide, one side upper surface of described every grade of groove and substrate be the opposite side upper surface of vertical range h1 between bottom surface and every grade of groove and vertical range h2 that substrate is between bottom surface unequal, be h1 < h2, as Fig. 2.
For the step width of every grade of step of positive ladder body 3, the utility model does not also require that the step width of every grade of step is all consistent, but in the utility model preferred embodiment, the step width of every grade of step is all consistent, and the area of every grade of step is all identical.Groove width for every grade of groove of recessed ladder body 5, the utility model does not also require that the groove width of every grade of groove is all consistent, but in the utility model preferred embodiment, the groove width of every grade of groove is all consistent, and the area of the groove of every grade of groove is all identical.Referring to Fig. 3, substrate upper surface is divided to polylith virtual region, the a-e face of every grade of step of positive ladder body 3 all faces the Y1-Y5 region that Fig. 3 divides, and each step area equates with its corresponding region area, be the area that the area of a equals 1, and a is over against 1, other face by that analogy.The groove x1 to x5 that faces groove of a-e face, but mutually do not connect between each groove, the groove face of each groove is greater than ladder lower surface area area corresponding with it, and the area of x1 is greater than the area of a, and x1 is over against a, and other face is by that analogy.
Because the conductivity imaginary part of Graphene is subject to chemical potential μ
cimpact, and chemical potential μ
cbeing subject to again electric field strength controls, electric field strength between two capacitor plates is relevant to the voltage adding on two-plate again, so the conductivity imaginary part of Graphene is just relevant with applied voltage, when change applied voltage and make its conductivity imaginary part (when σ ") is less than zero; Graphene just shows as nonmetal character, and SPP ripple just can not transmit in the above; (σ ") is greater than zero to conductivity imaginary part above regulation voltage makes it, and when effective dielectric constant real part (ε ') is minus, Graphene just shows as metallicity, and SPP ripple just can transmit in the above.Now just can not regulate in the same time the voltage of Graphene zones of different to affect the positive and negative of its conductivity according to the such characteristic of Graphene, and then the SPP wave path that just can propagate its surface be selected.
Referring to Fig. 2, by a bias voltage U
1negative pole be added on graphene layer 1, positive pole is added on intermittent grooves layer 7; By another bias voltage U
2negative pole be added on graphene layer 1, positive pole be added in positive ladder body 3 continuous coated 6 on.Change bias voltage SPP ripple transmit from Y1 toward Y5 region direction, but simultaneously also requirement can make ripple be transferred to behind any one region of 1 to 5, its region below will be ended, ripple can not continue to transmit again.Next be exactly the selection of waveguide, Y6 to Y10 region is five different waveguides, designed device can make ripple path transmission arbitrarily from Y6 to Y10 region, and can be not simultaneously from other path transmission, and the change of transmission path is only by regulating the magnitude of voltage in its region to realize, this has just realized the selection of waveguide.
In order to realize SPP ripple, from Y1 toward Y5 direction, transmit, but also requirement can make ripple be transferred to Y1 behind any one region of Y5 simultaneously, its region below will be ended, ripple can not transmit this performance toward the region of back again, part region in the middle of Y1 to Y5, corresponding alumina base lamella 2 designs a positive ladder body 3 below, and the lower surface silicon-coating coating of positive ladder body 3 is continuous coated 6, the figure looking over from the left side, as shown in Figure 3.The middle Y1 of upper surface Graphene is to Y5 region, corresponding flight one by one all below, and each ladder plane is equal to Y5 region area with corresponding Y1.Because the conductivity of the Graphene of alumina substrate upper surface is relatively good, aluminium oxide is non-conductive, and the silicon below it is semiconductor, can conduct electricity.Here on Graphene, connect negative pole, ladder silicone connects positive pole, between silicon ladder and Graphene (region Y1 is to Y5), will form electrostatic field, cascaded surface is from a to e, decline successively, therefore the distance of cascaded surface and upper surface increases successively, because added voltage between each cascaded surface and upper surface is identical, so cascaded surface is also just reduced to the electric field strength e and upper surface successively by a, ordinate in Fig. 4 represents the imaginary part of conductivity, abscissa E is electric field strength, by figure, find out close like proportional between the imaginary part of Graphene conductivity and electric field strength, so just can accomplish to be adjusted in added voltage on cascaded surface makes in Graphene plane the conductivity imaginary part in region before n region and n be greater than zero, and its conductivity imaginary part is below because field intensity reduces to be less than zero, be nonmetal character, can not conducting SPP ripple.
In order to realize, from 5 of Y6 to Y10 different transmission paths, select to transmit from required transmission path, below each region of a to e, be added with a groove, owing to not interconnecting between groove, therefore between the groove at wanted transmission path place and upper surface Graphene, add voltage, again due to h1 < h2, so equally also can make to want the Graphene region conductivity imaginary part of transmission path place groove one side top to be just greater than zero in Fig. 3 by regulation voltage, and the conductivity of opposite side is also less than zero, SPP ripple just transmits to a side of design like this, and can not transmit to both sides simultaneously.When needs change transmission path, only need to disconnect the voltage at a transmission path place, forward on the next path that will transmit and add suitable voltage, with this, switch well the transmission path of ripple, thereby realize the voltage-controlled waveguide selector of superperformance.
Claims (8)
1. the waveguide selector based on Graphene, comprise selector body, it is characterized in that: this selector integral body is a cuboid, and the graphene layer that this selector is mainly made by grapheme material (1), continuous coated (6) that semi-conducting material is made and intermittent grooves layer (7), and substrate layer (2), positive ladder body (3), packed layer (4) and recessed ladder body (5) that non-conducting material is made form;
Substrate layer (2) is rectangular structure; Graphene layer (1) overlays on the upper surface of this substrate layer (2);
Positive ladder body (3) is positive hierarchic structure; The upper surface that is positive ladder body (3) is horizontal plane, and the lower surface of positive ladder body (3) is cascaded surface, and left surface and the right flank of positive ladder body (3) are vertical plane; The ladder bearing of trend of above-mentioned positive ladder body (3) is consistent with the length direction of substrate layer (2), and the length of positive ladder body (3) equals the length of substrate layer (2); The width of positive ladder body (3) is less than the width of substrate layer (2); Positive ladder body (3) is arranged on the below of substrate layer (2), and the positive upper surface of ladder body (3) and the lower surface of substrate layer (2) are affixed;
Overlay on the whole lower surface of positive ladder body (3) to continuous coated (6) continous way, the surface of every grade of cascaded surface step be connected the facade of every two-stage step on be all covered with continuous coated (6);
Recessed ladder body (5) is the hierarchic structure of caving in; The upper surface that is recessed ladder body (5) is a stepped groove face, this stepped groove face is comprised of multistage groove, every grade of groove is corresponding to the one-level step of positive ladder body (3) cascaded surface, and every grade of groove of groove is all concave shape or all L-shaped, the lower surface of recessed ladder body (5) is horizontal plane, and left surface and the right flank of recessed ladder body (5) are vertical plane; The ladder bearing of trend of above-mentioned recessed ladder body (5) is consistent with the length direction of substrate layer (2), and the length of recessed ladder body (5) equals the length of substrate layer (2); The width of recessed ladder body (5) equals the width of substrate layer (2); Recessed ladder body (5) is placed at the below of positive ladder body (3), and has certain gap between recessed ladder body (5) and positive ladder body (3);
Overlay on the upper surface of recessed ladder body (5) intermittent grooves layer (7) discontinuous, only on the surface of every grade of groove of stepped groove, be covered with intermittent grooves layer (7);
Packed layer (4) is filled in the gap location between intermittent grooves layer (7) and positive ladder body (3), and is filled in the gap location between intermittent grooves layer (7) and substrate layer (2).
2. the waveguide selector based on Graphene according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described positive ladder body (3) is arranged on the middle part of the below of substrate layer (2); Being that the left surface of positive ladder body (3) and the left surface of substrate layer (2) exist certain distance in the horizontal direction, also there is certain distance in the positive right flank of ladder body (3) and the right flank of substrate layer (2) in the horizontal direction; Now, every grade of groove of the stepped groove of recessed ladder body (5) is all concave shape.
3. the waveguide selector based on Graphene according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described positive ladder body (3) is arranged on the positive middle part of the below of substrate layer (2), be that the width centreline of positive ladder body (3) and the width centreline of substrate layer (2) are vertically opposite, these 2 width centrelines are on same vertical plane.
4. the waveguide selector based on Graphene according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the width of described positive ladder body (3) equal substrate layer (2) width 1/3.
5. the waveguide selector based on Graphene according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described positive ladder body (3) is arranged on a side of the below of substrate layer (2); Be that the left surface of positive ladder body (3) and the left surface of substrate layer (2) exist certain distance in the horizontal direction, the right flank of positive ladder body (3) is relative with the right flank level of substrate layer (2); Or the left surface of flight is relative with the left surface level of substrate layer (2), there is certain distance in the positive right flank of ladder body (3) and the right flank of substrate layer (2) in the horizontal direction; Now, every grade of groove of the stepped groove of recessed ladder body (5) is all L-shaped.
6. the waveguide selector based on Graphene according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described continuous coated (6) and intermittent grooves layer (7) are silicon.
7. the waveguide selector based on Graphene according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described substrate layer (2), positive ladder body (3), packed layer (4) and recessed ladder body (5) are aluminium oxide.
8. the waveguide selector based on Graphene according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the progression of the step sum of series groove of described positive ladder body (3) is made as 5 grades.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104103883A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-10-15 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Graphene based waveguide path selector |
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| CN104103883A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-10-15 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Graphene based waveguide path selector |
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