CN203941039U - 核电厂烟囱中放射性惰性气体取样装置 - Google Patents
核电厂烟囱中放射性惰性气体取样装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN203941039U CN203941039U CN201420370020.3U CN201420370020U CN203941039U CN 203941039 U CN203941039 U CN 203941039U CN 201420370020 U CN201420370020 U CN 201420370020U CN 203941039 U CN203941039 U CN 203941039U
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- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 volume is 40~200L Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005250 beta ray Effects 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-NJFSPNSNSA-N carbon-14 Chemical compound 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- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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[3H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本实用新型提供了一种核电厂烟囱中放射性惰性气体取样装置，属于辐射防护与环境保护领域。所述取样装置由气动快速接头、气体增压泵、储气罐、压力表、质量流量控制器、真空泵、阀门和管道构成，适用于核电厂烟囱中放射性惰性气体的快速取样和贮存衰变，同时可以作为气源，以恒定的流量向惰性气体β-γ符合系统供样。
Description
技术领域
[0001] 本实用新型提供了一种核电厂烟囱中放射性惰性气体取样装置，属于辐射防护与环境保护领域。
背景技术
[0002] 核电厂烟囱中气载放射性流出物主要包括惰性气体、卤素、气溶胶、碳-14和氚。其中，放射性惰性气体是核电厂烟園中气载放射性流出物监测的重要内容，根据测量方式的不同，可以分为“在线”式和“离线”式两种测量方式。“在线”式测量一般通过PIG (Particulate-1odine-Gas)联合监测仪中的差分电离室进行连续取样和连续监测，主要起到事故预警作用。“离线”式测量通过核电厂烟囱辐射监测系统中预留的取样口进行定期取样和实验室分析，监测结果主要用于排放量统计和剂量评价。
[0003]目前，我国核电厂烟囱中放射性惰性气体的“离线”式测量，普遍利用取样管和取样罐获得相应的样品，然后将取样罐送往实验室直接进行高纯锗Y谱仪分析。由于核电厂烟囱中放射性惰性气体多为低水平放射性核素，现阶段的测量方法取样罐体积较小(1L或3L)，且压力不高(小于0.7Mpa)，使得“离线”式测量的探测限较高(以133Xe为例，探测限约为12BqAi3)。放射性情性气体“离线”式探测能力直接影响到核电厂排放量的统计，根据我国某典型核电厂2012年烟®中气载放射性流出物排放量统计，放射性惰性气体排放量约占气载总排放量100%，约占流出物总排放量13%。
[0004] 禁核试核查中的惰性气体取样和监测系统普遍采用活性炭吸附、色谱技术和β-Υ符合测量技术，用于大气中放射性惰性气体的取样和监测，133Xe的探测限可达到10_4Bq/m3量级。利用β-γ符合系统替代传统高纯锗Y谱仪，“离线”测量核电厂烟囱中的放射性惰性气体，对降低核电厂排放量统计有重要意义。
[0005] 在放射性情性气体取样过程中，β-Y符合系统以恒定的取样流量直接从空气中连续取样，取样总体积为若干立方米，现有取样罐的取样体积无法满足符合系统的技术要求，且无法作为气源以恒定流量供气，设计一种用于连接核电厂烟®中放射性惰性气体取样口和β-Υ符合系统的取样装置是十分必要的。
实用新型内容
[0006]为了实现核电厂烟囱中放射性惰性气体取样口和β-Y符合系统的连接,本实用新型提供一种核电厂烟®中放射性惰性气体取样装置，用于放射性惰性气体的快速取样和贮存衰变，同时可以作为气源，以恒定的流量向惰性气体β-Υ符合系统供样。
[0007] 本实用新型所采用的技术方案是:一种核电厂烟®中放射性惰性气体取样装置包括气动快速接头、气体增压泵、储气罐、压力表、质量流量控制器、真空泵、阀门和管道，其特征在于:所述气动快速接头通过阀门与气体增压泵的进气端相连；所述气体增压泵的出气端通过阀门与储气罐进气口相连；所述压力表与储气罐相连；所述储气罐的出气口通过阀门连接三通，所述三通的其中一路通过阀门依次连接减压阀和质量流量控制器，所述三通的另一路通过阀门连接真空泵。
[0008] 所述气动快速接头可以实现与核电厂烟囱中放射性惰性气体取样口的快速连接。
[0009] 所述气体增压泵驱动气体为压缩空气，增压比为5:1〜25:1，最大流量大于100L/min，可以确保在1min内完成核电厂烟®中超过Im3放射性惰性气体的抽取和增压。
[0010] 所述储气罐为不锈钢罐，容积为40〜200L，钢体壁厚大于5mm，满足增压后放射性惰性气体的贮存衰变，并可以作为气源向符合系统供样。
[0011] 所述质量流量控制器采用热式质量流量计测量样品气体流量，供样时与β-γ符合系统进气口相连，并控制样品气体流量大小恒定。
附图说明
[0012] 此处所说明的附图用来提供对本实用新型的进一步理解，构成本实用新型的一部分，本实用新型的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本实用新型，并不构成对本实用新型的不当限定。在附图中:
[0013] 图1为本实用新型的结构示意图。
[0014] 图中，1-气动快速接头，2-气体增压泵，3-储气罐，4-压力表，5-质量流量控制器，6-真空泵，7-三通，8-减压阀，9〜13-阀门。
具体实施方式
[0015] 为使本实用新型的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本实用新型具体实施例及相应的附图对本实用新型技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅是本实用新型一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本实用新型保护的范围。
[0016] 附图非限制性公开了本实用新型的具体实施例，以下结合附图作进一步的详细描述。
[0017] 一种核电厂烟®中放射性惰性气体取样装置包括气动快速接头1、气体增压泵2、储气罐3、压力表4、质量流量控制器5、真空泵6、阀门和管道，其特征在于:所述气动快速接头I通过阀门9与气体增压泵2的进气端相连；所述气体增压泵2的出气端通过阀门10与储气罐3进气口相连；所述压力表4与储气罐3相连；所述储气罐3的出气口通过阀门11连接三通7，所述三通7的其中一路通过阀门12依次连接减压阀8和质量流量控制器5，所述三通的另一路通过阀门13连接真空泵6。
[0018] 在放射性惰性气体取样前，为避免储气罐3中空气的影响，储气罐3必须先进行排空。此时，阀门11和阀门13开启，真空泵6运转，压力表4显示储气罐3中的空气压力，当其压力值低于250pa时，储气罐3排空操作完成。
[0019] 取样开始时，气动快速接头I连接核电厂烟囱中放射性惰性气体取样口，阀门9和阀门10开启，气体增压泵2运转，其驱动气体为压缩空气，增压比为25:1，最大流量大于100L/min。压力表4显示储气罐3中的样品压力，当其压力值大于或等于2.5Mpa时，储气罐3中的样品体积达到β-γ符合系统的分析要求，放射性惰性气体的取样完成。
[0020]向符合系统供样前，所取得的放射性惰性气体需在储气罐3中贮存4天左右，使其中大部分短寿命放射性核素进行衰变。储气罐3为不锈钢罐，钢体壁厚大于5mm，可以有效屏蔽放射性惰性气体贮存期间衰变放出的β射线和部分Y射线。
[0021] 经贮存衰变后，从核电厂烟囱放射性惰性气体取样口取得的样品就可以采用β-Υ符合系统进行浓缩、纯化和测量。此时，储气罐3作为气源，阀门11、阀门12和减压阀8开启，质量流量控制器5与β-γ符合系统相连，并控制样品气体以恒定流量向符合系统供样。
[0022] 本实用新型的核电厂烟囱中放射性惰性气体取样装置设计合理，操作简单，可以有效完成放射性惰性气体的快速取样、贮存衰变和向β-Υ符合系统的供样，实现以β-Υ符合系统替代传统高纯锗Y谱仪对核电厂烟®中放射性惰性气体进行“离线”式测量，对降低核电厂排放量统计有重要意义。
[0023] 还需要说明的是，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的产品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种产品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的产品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
[0024] 以上所述仅为本实用新型的实施例而已，并不用于限制本实用新型。对于本领域技术人员来说，本实用新型可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本实用新型的精神和原理之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本实用新型的权利要求范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种核电厂烟®中放射性惰性气体取样装置，包括气动快速接头、气体增压泵、储气罐、压力表、质量流量控制器、真空泵、阀门和管道，其特征在于:所述气动快速接头通过阀门与气体增压泵的进气端相连；所述气体增压泵的出气端通过阀门与储气罐进气口相连；所述压力表与储气罐相连；所述储气罐的出气口通过阀门连接三通，所述三通的其中一路通过阀门依次连接减压阀和质量流量控制器，所述三通的另一路通过阀门连接真空泵。
2.如权利要求1所述的核电厂烟®中放射性惰性气体取样装置，其特征在于:所述气体增压泵驱动气体为压缩空气，增压比为5:1〜25:1，最大流量大于100L/min。
3.如权利要求1所述的核电厂烟®中放射性惰性气体取样装置，其特征在于:所述储气罐为不锈钢罐，容积为40〜200L，钢体耐压为0.5〜2.5Mpa，可以为单个或多个并联。
4.如权利要求1所述的核电厂烟®中放射性惰性气体取样装置，其特征在于:所述质量流量控制器采用热式质量流量计测量样品气体流量，并控制样品气体流量恒定。
5.如权利要求1所述的核电厂烟®中放射性惰性气体取样装置，其特征在于:所述阀门为球阀。
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105842016A (zh) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-08-10 | 阳江核电有限公司 | 一种便携式放射性气体取样装置 |
| CN108700497A (zh) * | 2015-10-27 | 2018-10-23 | Sgs北美股份有限公司 | 流体采样 |
| CN111649230A (zh) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-09-11 | 原子高科股份有限公司 | 一种Kr-85密封放射源真空充气系统及充气方法 |
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2014
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108700497A (zh) * | 2015-10-27 | 2018-10-23 | Sgs北美股份有限公司 | 流体采样 |
| CN108700497B (zh) * | 2015-10-27 | 2022-01-11 | Sgs北美股份有限公司 | 流体采样 |
| CN105842016A (zh) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-08-10 | 阳江核电有限公司 | 一种便携式放射性气体取样装置 |
| CN111649230A (zh) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-09-11 | 原子高科股份有限公司 | 一种Kr-85密封放射源真空充气系统及充气方法 |
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