CN203939637U - A kind of solar electrical energy generation and heat-collecting devcie - Google Patents

A kind of solar electrical energy generation and heat-collecting devcie Download PDF

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Publication number
CN203939637U
CN203939637U CN201420198170.0U CN201420198170U CN203939637U CN 203939637 U CN203939637 U CN 203939637U CN 201420198170 U CN201420198170 U CN 201420198170U CN 203939637 U CN203939637 U CN 203939637U
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China
Prior art keywords
stirling engine
heat
heat preservation
water tank
electrical energy
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Expired - Lifetime
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CN201420198170.0U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘尚坤
唐贵基
庞彬
何玉灵
范孝良
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North China Electric Power University
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North China Electric Power University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines

Abstract

A kind of solar electrical energy generation and heat-collecting devcie, it comprises condenser, Stirling engine, generator, spiral metal tube and heat preservation storage water tank, described condenser, Stirling engine is connected on base by column after being connected by dunnage with generator again, the hot chamber of Stirling engine is positioned near the focus of condenser, the crank phase that is arranged on generator amature central shaft two ends differs 90 °, and by the power piston in the cold chamber of connecting rod and Stirling engine, be connected with the gas distribution piston in hot chamber respectively, it is outside that described spiral metal tube is welded on cold chamber, its two ends pipeline is communicated with heat preservation storage water tank by cold water solenoid valve and the hot water electromagnetic valve of heat preservation storage water tank bottom respectively.The utility model can utilize solar electrical energy generation, can prepare domestic hot-water again, has improved the utilization ratio of equipment; Because hot water preparation system has increased the temperature difference between Yu Re chamber, the cold chamber of Stirling engine, also make the photoelectric conversion rate of power generation system significantly improve, thereby avoided the waste of resource simultaneously.

Description

A kind of solar electrical energy generation and heat-collecting devcie
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of device that utilizes solar electrical energy generation and preparation domestic hot-water, belongs to application of solar.
Background technique
Solar energy is a kind of clean, green energy resource of exhaustion efficiently and never.Its exploitation are to solve one of effective way of the problems such as conventional energy resource (particularly fossil energy) shortage, environmental pollution and greenhouse effect.At present, although the mankind have adopted various ways to be used to solar energy, these modes are mostly simple solar electrical energy generation or solar waters, lack the domestic. applications method of comprehensive utilization solar energy.As though solar water heater obtains the use of certain degree in the family, only as one independently part implement.So not only can reduce the utilization ratio of equipment, cause overlapping investment, and be unfavorable for improving the conversion ratio of the energy.For example the optoelectronic transformation efficiency of photovoltaic power generation equipment is generally all about 8%-15%, and applies at present more solar groove type, tower photothermal power generation, and its optoelectronic transformation efficiency only has 10% left and right, has caused the huge waste of the energy.
In addition, the production process of photovoltaic power generation equipment itself is the process of a high pollution, maximum discharge, highly energy-consuming, and the cost recovery cycle is longer; The construction scale of solar light-heat power-generation equipment is large, and expense is high, is not suitable for family and uses.
Model utility content
The purpose of this utility model is the drawback for prior art, and a kind of solar electrical energy generation and heat-collecting devcie are provided, and to improve the utilization ratio of equipment and the conversion ratio of solar energy, avoids overlapping investment and the wasting of resources.
Problem described in the utility model realizes with following technical proposals:
A kind of solar electrical energy generation and heat-collecting devcie, formation comprises condenser, Stirling engine, generator, spiral metal tube and heat preservation storage water tank, described condenser, Stirling engine is connected on base by column after being connected by dunnage with generator again, the hot chamber of Stirling engine is positioned near the focus of condenser, the crank phase that is arranged on generator amature central shaft two ends differs 90 °, and by the power piston in the cold chamber of connecting rod and Stirling engine, be connected with the gas distribution piston in hot chamber respectively, described spiral metal tube around and to be welded on cold chamber outside, its two ends pipeline is communicated with heat preservation storage water tank by cold water solenoid valve and the hot water electromagnetic valve of heat preservation storage water tank bottom respectively.
Above-mentioned solar electrical energy generation and heat-collecting devcie, described condenser comprises parabola principal reflection mirror and subreflector, described parabola principal reflection mirror is fixed together by dunnage and Stirling engine and generator, and described subreflector is fixed near the focus of parabola principal reflection mirror by support and the bottom, hot chamber of Stirling engine is further assembled and reflexed to the sunlight that parabola principal reflection mirror is assembled.
Above-mentioned solar electrical energy generation and heat-collecting devcie, the bottom of described heat preservation storage water tank is provided with water solenoid valve, Manual water drain valve and pressure release electromagnetic valve, heat preservation storage water tank is connected with water source by upper water solenoid valve and outwards supplies domestic hot-water by Manual water drain valve, one end of described pressure release electromagnetic valve is connected on the pipeline between spiral metal tube and hot water electromagnetic valve, and the other end communicates with atmosphere.
Above-mentioned solar electrical energy generation and heat-collecting devcie, the top of described heat preservation storage water tank is provided with ventilating hole, inside is provided with cooling-water temperature sensor and level sensor, and described cooling-water temperature sensor is arranged on the bottom of heat preservation storage water tank inwall, and described level sensor is arranged on the top of heat preservation storage water tank inwall.
Above-mentioned solar electrical energy generation and heat-collecting devcie, in formation, also comprise sunlight automatic tracking device, described sunlight automatic tracking device comprises condenser level angle control gear and condenser elevation angle control gear, described condenser level angle control gear is arranged between column and base, and described condenser elevation angle control gear is arranged between column and dunnage.
Above-mentioned solar electrical energy generation and heat-collecting devcie, in formation, also comprise storage battery, DC converter and starting relay, the input end of described DC converter is through the output terminal of the normally-closed contact sending and receiving motor of starting relay, its output terminal charges a battery, the positive pole of described storage battery is connected with negative pole with the positive pole of generator through two normally opened contacts of starting relay respectively with negative pole, and starting relay is controlled the working state of generator.
Above-mentioned solar electrical energy generation and heat-collecting devcie, the outside in the hot chamber of described Stirling engine is coated with high-temperature-resistant thermal-insulation layer.
The utility model organically combines solar power system and hot water preparation system, can utilize solar electrical energy generation, can prepare domestic hot-water again, has improved the utilization ratio of equipment.Because hot water preparation system has increased the temperature difference between Yu Leng chamber, the hot chamber of Stirling engine, also make the photoelectric conversion rate of power generation system significantly improve, thereby avoided the waste of resource simultaneously.
This device utilizes condenser directly to heat the hot chamber of Stirling engine, recycling Stirling engine drives the rotor running of generator, generator amature also serves as the inertial flywheel of Stirling engine simultaneously, owing to having saved intermediate transfer mechanism, so the utility model can obtain higher electricity conversion.
Sunlight automatic tracking device can make condenser aim at all the time the sun, improves the acceptance rate of solar energy.
This device has simple in structure, with low cost, easy for installation, is convenient to the advantages such as popularization, is particularly suitable for family and uses.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is starting circuit schematic diagram of the present utility model.
In figure, each list of reference numerals is: 1, parabola principal reflection mirror, 2, subreflector, 3, hot chamber, 4, high-temperature-resistant thermal-insulation layer, 5, gas distribution piston, 6, cold chamber, 7, power piston, 8, spiral metal tube, 9, generator amature, 10, generator unit stator, 11, heat preservation storage water tank, 12, cooling-water temperature sensor, 13, level sensor, 14, ventilating hole, 15, condenser elevation angle control gear, 16, crank, 17, column, 18, dunnage, 19, condenser level angle control gear, 20, base, V1, upper water solenoid valve, V2, cold water solenoid valve, V3, hot water electromagnetic valve, V4, pressure release electromagnetic valve, V5, Manual water drain valve, DC/DC, DC converter, M, generator, KM1, the normally-closed contact of starting relay, KM2-1, the first normally opened contact of starting relay, KM2-2, the second normally opened contact of starting relay, B, storage battery.
Embodiment
The utility model is the device that utilizes solar energy simultaneously to generate electricity with hot water that is suitable for that family uses, and it utilizes solar thermal collection system thermal-arrest, is about to that sunlight is finally concentrated by two secondary reflections and the direct hot chamber of heating Stirling engine, makes working medium expansion; In design, adopt in the method for the outside enforcement in cold chamber water-cooled cooling to the cold chamber appropriateness of Stirling engine simultaneously, strengthen the temperature difference in cold and hot chamber, improve the thermal transition efficiency of Stirling engine, the high speed rotary motion that recycling Stirling engine produces directly drives DC generator generating, electric energy charges a battery with stable voltage after DC/DC conversion, realizes the storage of electric energy.Cold chamber is in by water-cooled, and the water in its high-temperature residual heat heating spiral metal tube, makes water enter in heat preservation storage water tank along pipeline, and water constantly circulation is heated the water in heat preservation storage water tank, so that domestic hot-water to be provided.System utilizes sunlight automatic tracking device to guarantee that condenser efficiently receives solar energy constantly, improves solar energy acceptance rate; By the control of storage battery, starting relay realize startup power supply (generator is operated in electric motor state) to Stirling engine, to the power supply of sunlight automatic tracking device and to each solenoid valve on heat preservation storage water tank pipeline for power-off; When family is used, storage battery can directly power or coordinate inverter to realize alternating current 220V Alternating Current Power Supply.
This device utilizes solar energy Stirling solar-thermal generating system and solar water heater to form generating comprehensive hot water system, can reduce application cost, improve energy utilization rate, being suitable for family uses, be particularly suited for applying in the living environments such as remote mountain areas in short of electricity, pastoral area, rural area, island, can solve electricity needs problem from far-off regions and domestic hot-water's problem simultaneously.
Referring to Fig. 1, condenser is by parabola principal reflection mirror 1, subreflector 2 forms, subreflector 2 is by three stent support, parabola principal reflection mirror 1 is similar to sunlight to reflex to equably on subreflector 2, subreflector 2 further reflects in the pit of concentrating and focus on 3 bottoms, the hot chamber of Stirling engine (being combined with of principal reflection mirror and subreflector makes the gross area of accepting sunlight increase compared with simple reflector) by light again, working medium is heated, working medium adopts air, the outer wall in hot chamber 3 is provided with alumina ceramic materials high-temperature-resistant thermal-insulation layer 4, gas distribution piston 5 does reciprocating linear motion with the power piston 7 in cold chamber 6, by linkage mechanism, drive generator amature 9 with respect to generator unit stator 10 High Rotation Speeds, realize luminous energy-heat energy-electric transformation of energy.In mechanism, generator amature 9 also serves as the inertial flywheel of Stirling engine simultaneously.In conjunction with outside storage battery, realize power storage.
Spiral metal tube 8 is welded on the outer wall in the cold chamber 6 of Stirling engine, realizes close contact, be beneficial to heat conduction.Spiral metal tube 8 is communicated with heat preservation storage water tank 11 with PPR pipeline by flexible pipe, and other open piping except spiral metal tube 8 adopts soft thermal insulating material parcel to realize heat insulation (in Fig. 1, not drawing) with air.
Cooling-water temperature sensor 12, level sensor 13 and ventilating hole 14 should, higher than generator position, be established in the position of heat preservation storage water tank 11 in it.During water filling, upper water solenoid valve V1 opens, and cold water injects heat preservation storage water tank 11 through upper water solenoid valve V1, and after water level arrives level sensor position, upper water solenoid valve V1 closes, and water filling finishes; During operation of electric power system, cold water solenoid valve V2 and hot water electromagnetic valve V3 open, heat effect due to the 6 pairs of spiral metal tubes 8 in cold chamber, make cold water flow out and flow back to heat preservation storage water tank 11 through cold water solenoid valve V2, spiral metal tube 8, hot water electromagnetic valve V3 from heat preservation storage water tank 11, as long as open Manual water drain valve V5 while needing hot water, discharge water.
If measure water temperature through cooling-water temperature sensor 12, reach predefined value (as 90 °), cold water solenoid valve V2 and hot water electromagnetic valve V3 close, and pressure release electromagnetic valve V4 opens, and making spiral metal tube 8 internal pressures is external atmosphere pressure, avoid producing unexpected.
Storage battery is responsible for the power supply electric energy of the startup power supply of Stirling engine and the power supply of sunlight automatic tracking device and each solenoid valve.
Generator voltage testing signal in the utility model, battery tension testing signal, condenser elevation angle control signal, condenser level angle control signal, water temperature control signal are used for controlling motoring, solenoid-driven, and finally guarantee that Stirling engine normally works.
Stirling engine starting circuit is to realize like this, as shown in Figure 2, starting relay coil obtains electric, the normally-closed contact KM1 of starting relay disconnects, the first normally opened contact KM2-1, the second normally opened contact KM2-2 is closed, realize storage battery B to DC generator M power supply (DC generator M now serves as direct current motor function), reach (as 3 seconds) after Preset Time, starting relay coil losing electricity, normally-closed contact KM1 is closed, the first normally opened contact KM2-1, the second normally opened contact KM2-2 disconnects, one-shot process finishes, if detect, find that motor has started system and entered battery state of charge, otherwise time delay heat hot air chamber (as 5 minutes) starts again, until engine start.
Sunlight automatic tracking device makes parabola principal reflection mirror 1 over against sunlight, improves the acceptance rate of solar energy.
The utility model is not limited to above-mentioned several case study on implementation, can be generalized to and utilizes generate electricity on a large scale reserve power simultaneously prepare the collective livelihood environment of massive life hot water of a plurality of the utility model; Also extend to other structure and the type of Stirling engine, adopt solar energy condenser lens to heat its hot cylinder (hot chamber), with its cold cylinder of water cooling (cold chamber), prepare domestic hot-water's situation simultaneously; Concrete mechanical structure form, the mounting point of autotracker in the utility model, control circuit can change, and above-mentioned distortion all should be in scope of patent protection of the present utility model.

Claims (7)

1. a solar electrical energy generation and heat-collecting devcie, it is characterized in that, it comprises condenser, Stirling engine, generator, spiral metal tube (8) and heat preservation storage water tank (11), described condenser, Stirling engine is connected on base (20) by column (17) after being connected by dunnage (18) with generator again, the hot chamber (3) of Stirling engine is positioned near the focus of condenser, be arranged on 90 ° of crank (16) the phase phase differences at generator amature central shaft two ends, and by the power piston (7) in the cold chamber of connecting rod and Stirling engine (6), be connected with the gas distribution piston (5) in hot chamber (3) respectively, described spiral metal tube (8) around and be welded on outside, cold chamber (6), its two ends pipeline is communicated with heat preservation storage water tank (11) by cold water solenoid valve (V2) and the hot water electromagnetic valve (V3) of heat preservation storage water tank (11) bottom respectively.
2. solar electrical energy generation according to claim 1 and heat-collecting devcie, it is characterized in that, described condenser comprises parabola principal reflection mirror (1) and subreflector (2), described parabola principal reflection mirror (1) is fixed together by dunnage (18) and Stirling engine and generator, and described subreflector (2) is fixed near the focus of parabola principal reflection mirror (1) by support and the bottom, hot chamber (3) of Stirling engine is further assembled and reflexed to the sunlight that parabola principal reflection mirror (1) is assembled.
3. solar electrical energy generation according to claim 2 and heat-collecting devcie, is characterized in that, the bottom of described heat preservation storage water tank (11) is provided with water solenoid valve (V1), Manual water drain valve (V5) and pressure release electromagnetic valve (V4); Heat preservation storage water tank (11) is connected with water source by upper water solenoid valve (V1) and passes through Manual water drain valve (V5) and outwards supply domestic hot-water, one end of described pressure release electromagnetic valve (V4) is connected on the pipeline between spiral metal tube (8) and hot water electromagnetic valve (V3), and the other end communicates with atmosphere.
4. solar electrical energy generation according to claim 3 and heat-collecting devcie, it is characterized in that, the top of described heat preservation storage water tank (11) is provided with ventilating hole (14), inside is provided with cooling-water temperature sensor (12) and level sensor (13), described cooling-water temperature sensor (12) is arranged on the bottom of heat preservation storage water tank (11) inwall, and described level sensor (13) is arranged on the top of heat preservation storage water tank (11) inwall.
5. solar electrical energy generation according to claim 4 and heat-collecting devcie, it is characterized in that, in formation, also comprise sunlight automatic tracking device, described sunlight automatic tracking device comprises condenser level angle control gear (19) and condenser elevation angle control gear (15), described condenser level angle control gear (19) is arranged between column (17) and base (20), and described condenser elevation angle control gear (15) is arranged between column (17) and dunnage (18).
6. solar electrical energy generation according to claim 5 and heat-collecting devcie, it is characterized in that, in formation, also comprise storage battery (B), DC converter (DC/DC) and starting relay, the input end of described DC converter (DC/DC) is through the output terminal of normally-closed contact (KM1) the sending and receiving motors (M) of starting relay, its output terminal accumulators (B) charging, the positive pole of described storage battery (B) is connected with negative pole with the positive pole of generator (M) through two normally opened contacts of starting relay respectively with negative pole, and starting relay is controlled the working state of generator.
7. solar electrical energy generation according to claim 6 and heat-collecting devcie, is characterized in that, the outside in the hot chamber (3) of described Stirling engine is coated with high-temperature-resistant thermal-insulation layer (4).
CN201420198170.0U 2014-04-23 2014-04-23 A kind of solar electrical energy generation and heat-collecting devcie Expired - Lifetime CN203939637U (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103939307A (en) * 2014-04-23 2014-07-23 华北电力大学(保定) Solar power generation and hot water system
WO2016122299A1 (en) * 2015-01-27 2016-08-04 Velez De La Rocha Jose Martin Gas liquefaction system assisted by solar energy based on a cryogenic system with a reverse brayton cycle driven by a stirling engine

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103939307A (en) * 2014-04-23 2014-07-23 华北电力大学(保定) Solar power generation and hot water system
CN103939307B (en) * 2014-04-23 2017-02-15 华北电力大学(保定) Solar power generation and hot water system
WO2016122299A1 (en) * 2015-01-27 2016-08-04 Velez De La Rocha Jose Martin Gas liquefaction system assisted by solar energy based on a cryogenic system with a reverse brayton cycle driven by a stirling engine

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