CN203895474U - Film solar cell - Google Patents

Film solar cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN203895474U
CN203895474U CN201420274010.XU CN201420274010U CN203895474U CN 203895474 U CN203895474 U CN 203895474U CN 201420274010 U CN201420274010 U CN 201420274010U CN 203895474 U CN203895474 U CN 203895474U
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
groove
layer
solar cell
contact
film solar
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201420274010.XU
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张征宇
李伟中
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HENGJIWEIYE INVESTMENT DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd BEIJING
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HENGJIWEIYE INVESTMENT DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd BEIJING
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Priority to CN201420274010.XU priority Critical patent/CN203895474U/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of a solar cell and particularly relates to a film solar cell. A filling substance in a first groove of the film solar cell is the same as an absorption layer, the substance of the absorption layer is a semiconductor, and a substance same as a back electrode layer is directly filled in a gap of a contact electrode. A direct contact resistance between a back electrode and the absorption layer is very large, so series connections of solar cell units cannot be influenced; and, that is to say, an electric insulating substance does not need to be filled in the film solar cell, and the electric insulating substance does not participate with photoelectric conversion, that is, the dead zone area is reduced, so the solar cell is prevented from being occupied by the electric insulating substance, and the area that the solar cell participates the photoelectric conversion is increased.

Description

A kind of thin-film solar cells
Technical field
The utility model relates to area of solar cell, is specifically related to a kind of thin-film solar cells.
Background technology
Solar cell is called again " solar chip " or photocell, is directly light energy conversion to be become to the device of electric energy by photoelectric effect or Photochemical effects.Wherein, take the thin-film solar cells of photoelectric effect work as main.
Generally, thin-film solar cells is met to sunlight and is placed upward, mainly comprises successively from the bottom up lower encapsulated layer, basalis, dorsum electrode layer, back contact, absorbed layer, Window layer, upper contact layer and upper encapsulated layer etc.Chinese patent CN101807622A discloses a kind of method of preparing cadmium telluride diaphragm solar battery assembly, and it comprises the steps:
First, on transparent conductive film glass, CdS thin films obtains " glass/TCO/CdS ";
Then, at " glass/TCO/CdS " upper deposition Cadimium telluride thin film, obtain " glass/TCO/CdS/CdTe ";
Then, " glass/TCO/CdS/CdTe " carried out to the heat treatment under chloride cadmium atmosphere;
Then, use " glass/TCO/CdS/CdTe " after laser grooving and scribing heat treatment, delineation is fallen to carry out chemical corrosion after " TCO/CdS/CdTe " and make cadmium telluride rich surface tellurium;
Then, at " glass/TCO/CdS/CdTe ", going up delineation falls on the indentation of " TCO/CdS/CdTe " to fill in low-temperature setting adhesive;
Then, deposition back contact, then carries out back contact heat treatment;
Then use laser to delineate and fall CdS/CdTe/ back contact near TCO/CdS/CdTe indentation;
Then, plated metal dorsum electrode layer, is then used laser incising to cross out TCO/CdS/CdTe indentation and near the CdS/CdTe/ back contact/metal back electrode of CdS/CdTe/ back contact indentation.
Be the above-mentioned method of preparing cadmium telluride diaphragm solar battery assembly, first on transparency conducting layer, deposit cadmium sulfide, by laser grooving and scribing the first groove; Fill the first groove; After deposition back contact, use laser grooving and scribing the second groove; After plated metal back electrode, delineate the 3rd groove.Wherein, cadmium element belongs to rare metal, the above-mentioned various complexity of method processing step of preparing solar module, and the step of delineation removal CdS and CdTe is many, and serious to the waste of material containing cadmium element, not only environmental pollution is serious, and manufacturing cost is very high.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, american documentation literature US2011/0290641A1 discloses the apparatus and method that a kind of rapid chemical electrodeposition process is produced solar cell, comprise the supporting construction with a lot of contact thimbles, described in each, contacting thimble contacts with basalis surface electrical, be provided for current potential (the An apparatus for electrodeposition of electro-deposition to described basalis, comprising a support structure including a plurality of contact pins, each contact pin of said plurality of contact pins configure to establish electrical con tact with a substrate surface and thereby supply plating potential to the substrate).Said apparatus can be used for back contact, absorbed layer, Window layer, upper contact layer to carry out electro-deposition production.This technology, by a lot of contact thimbles are set, is evenly distributed in electric current uniformly and is treated on electro-deposition flat board by contact thimble, thereby effectively the resistance for the treatment of electro-deposition flat board is reduced, and deposition layer can be distributed more even; But, complete until electro-deposition, remove contact thimble after, the place that contact thimble is set will produce contact centre hole, if this contact centre hole is not filled up, solar cell will produce and open circuit in use, therefore, need to after removing contact thimble, in contact centre hole, fill electric insulation material, because electric insulation material does not participate in opto-electronic conversion, be called as dead band, the excessive dead band of area will affect the whole conversion efficiency of battery.When actual production, follow-uply need carry out to monomer solar panels the operation of scribing groove and filling groove, thereby monomer solar panels are divided into the solar module of serial or parallel connection.This solar module is because the electric insulation material of filling in its inner contact centre hole does not participate in photoelectric conversion process, and the electric insulation material in groove does not participate in photoelectric conversion process yet, the area that does not participate in opto-electronic conversion is excessive, make accordingly the effective area that participates in opto-electronic conversion in solar cell unit are reduce, affected optical absorption.
Utility model content
For this reason, technical problem to be solved in the utility model is solar film battery complex structure of the prior art, and production cost is high, and then a kind of simple in structure, thin-film solar cells that cost is low is provided.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model provides a kind of thin-film solar cells, comprises the first substrate of glass, transparency conducting layer, Window layer, absorbed layer, back contact, solar cell package film and the second substrate of glass that stack gradually setting;
In described Window layer and described absorbed layer, be provided with the second groove of perforation, described back contact extends and fills described the second groove; Take the long side face of described the second groove as initial, offer the first groove of perforation in described Window layer and described transparency conducting layer, described absorbed layer extends and fills described the first groove; Take described the second groove away from the side of described the first groove as initial, in described back contact, offer the 3rd groove of perforation, described solar cell package film extends and fills described the 3rd groove; Described the first groove, described the second groove are parallel with the length direction of described the 3rd groove.
Described the second groove is circle, rectangle, square, inverted triangle or trapezoidal a kind of perpendicular to the cross section of length direction.
The long side face of described the second groove is plane or curved surface.
Technique scheme of the present utility model has the following advantages compared to existing technology,
(1) thin-film solar cells described in the utility model, in described the first groove, fill the material identical with absorbed layer, the material of described absorbed layer is semiconductor, and in contact electrode vacancy, directly fill the material identical with dorsum electrode layer, the resistance that back electrode directly contacts with absorbed layer is very large, thereby the impact that is in series with that can be on solar battery cell; That is to say, in thin-film solar cells, do not need to fill electric insulation material, and electric insulation material does not participate in opto-electronic conversion, has reduced dead zone area, thereby avoided taking of electric insulation confrontation solar cell, improved the area of solar cell participation opto-electronic conversion.
(2) in thin-film solar cells described in the utility model, described the second groove is circular, square, inverted triangle or trapezoidal a kind of perpendicular to the cross section of described contact long side direction, as long as described the second groove is strip along long side direction, can realize the object that the utility model is produced for thin-film solar cells, use extensively, can carry out free selection, strong adaptability according to the concrete condition of production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
For content of the present utility model is more likely to be clearly understood, according to specific embodiment of the utility model also by reference to the accompanying drawings, the utility model is described in further detail, wherein below
Fig. 1 a is the half-finished vertical view of preparation process (b) of thin-film solar cells described in the utility model;
Fig. 1 b is the A-A profile of Fig. 1 a;
Fig. 1 c be described in the utility model embodiment 1 in thin-film solar cells contact electrode penetrate the schematic diagram of described Window layer and described transparency conducting layer ohmic contact;
Fig. 1 d is the B-B profile of Fig. 1 c in the utility model embodiment 1;
Fig. 1 e~Fig. 1 j is the preparation process schematic diagram of thin-film solar cells after structure shown in Fig. 1 d described in the utility model embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 d is the B-B profile of Fig. 1 c in the utility model embodiment 2;
Fig. 2 e~Fig. 2 j is the preparation process schematic diagram of thin-film solar cells after structure shown in Fig. 2 d described in the utility model embodiment 2;
Fig. 3 c be described in the utility model embodiment 3 in thin-film solar cells production method contact electrode penetrate the schematic diagram of described Window layer and described transparency conducting layer ohmic contact;
Fig. 3 d is the C-C profile of Fig. 3 c;
Fig. 4 d is the B-B profile of Fig. 1 c in the utility model embodiment 4;
Fig. 4 e~Fig. 4 j is the preparation process schematic diagram of thin film solar after structure shown in Fig. 4 d described in the utility model embodiment 4;
Fig. 5 is the unit section figure of the solar cell that obtains in thin-film solar cells production method described in the utility model embodiment 1~embodiment 4;
Structural representation when Fig. 6 a is the electric deposition device use of producing for thin-film solar cells described in the utility model embodiment 1;
Fig. 6 b is thin-film solar cells semi-finished product described in Fig. 6 a and the position relationship schematic diagram to electrode;
Structural representation when Fig. 7 a is the electric deposition device use of producing for thin-film solar cells described in the utility model embodiment 2;
Fig. 7 b is thin-film solar cells semi-finished product described in Fig. 7 a and the position relationship schematic diagram to electrode.
In figure, Reference numeral is expressed as: 1-thin-film solar cells, 11-the first substrate of glass, 12-transparency conducting layer, 13-Window layer, 14-absorbed layer, 15-contact electrode vacancy, 16-back contact, 17-dorsum electrode layer, 18-the second substrate of glass, P1-the first groove, P2-the second groove, P3-the 3rd groove, 2-contact electrode, 3-is to electrode, 4-solar cell package film, 5-electrolyte.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The utility model provides a kind of thin-film solar cells, as shown in Figure 5, comprises the first substrate of glass 11, transparency conducting layer 12, Window layer 13, absorbed layer 14, back contact 16, solar cell package film 4 and the second substrate of glass 18 that stack gradually setting; In described Window layer 13 and described absorbed layer 14, be provided with the second groove P2 of perforation, described back contact 16 extends and fills described the second groove P2; Take the long side face of described the second groove P2 as initial, offer the first groove P1 of perforation in described Window layer 13 and described transparency conducting layer 12, described absorbed layer 14 extends and fills described the first groove P1; Take described the second groove P2 away from the side of described the first groove P1 as initial, in described back contact 16, offer the 3rd groove P3 of perforation, described solar cell package film 4 extends and fills described the 3rd groove P3; Described the first groove P1, described the second groove P2 are parallel with the length direction of described the 3rd groove P3.
Described the second groove P2 is rectangle perpendicular to the cross section of length direction, and the long side face of described the second groove P2 is plane.
The production method of described thin-film solar cells, comprises the steps:
(a) as shown in Figure 1 b, in the first substrate of glass 11, form transparency conducting layer 12.
(b) as shown in Fig. 1 a and 1b, on described transparency conducting layer 12, form Window layer 13, described Window layer 13 is cadmium sulfide (CdS) layer.
(c) as shown in Fig. 1 c and 1d, contact electrode 2 penetrates described Window layer 13 and described transparency conducting layer 12 ohmic contact, described contact electrode 2 is strip with the contact-making surface of described transparency conducting layer 12, described contact electrode 2 is rectangle perpendicular to the cross section of described contact-making surface length direction, and the long side face of described contact electrode 2 is plane.
Described contact electrode 2 is strip, after electro-deposition, remove the operation that the resulting rectangular contact electrode vacancy of contact electrode 2 has replaced needing in prior art to delineate groove, to producing the waste of material, reduce, and saved operation, and then reduced production cost.
And described contact electrode 2 is strip, contact electrode 2 is that single junior unit carries out electro-deposition by the larger electro-deposition plane separation for the treatment of, thereby when the method that adopts electro-deposition forms absorbed layer 14 and back contact 16 or dorsum electrode layer 17, electro-deposition is more even, and can improve the speed of electro-deposition and can not affect its uniformity by strengthening the mode of voltage, and the mode that adopts electro-deposition is while forming back contact 16, the very thin and light-permeable that can make back contact 16 form, this is cannot realize by evaporation or sputter.
Described contact electrode 2 is circular, square, inverted triangle or trapezoidal a kind of perpendicular to the cross section of length direction, as long as described contact electrode 2 is strip along its length, can realize the object that the utility model is produced for thin-film solar cells, use extensively, can carry out free selection, strong adaptability according to the concrete condition of production.
(d), as shown in Fig. 1 e, on the described transparency conducting layer 12 in step (c), and adjacent position parallel with described contact electrode 2, connect described transparency conducting layer 12 and carry out scribing groove operation and obtain the first groove P1; The length on the long limit of contact of described contact electrode 2 equals the long edge lengths of described the first groove P1;
(e) as shown in Fig. 6 a and Fig. 6 b, above-mentioned semi-finished product are positioned in galvanic deposition cell, to described contact electrode 2 with electrode 3 is switched on, at described Window layer 13 substrates absorbed layers 14, also fill described the first groove P1, the material of filling described the first groove P1 and described absorbed layer 14 is cadmium telluride (CdTe) simultaneously;
Electric deposition device for thin-film solar cells production method described above, as shown in Figure 6 a, comprising:
Galvanic deposition cell, is wherein full of electrolyte 5;
Contact electrode 2, is arranged in described galvanic deposition cell and is connected with treating electro-deposition surface electrical;
To electrode 3, form electric connection with described contact electrode 2;
Described contact electrode 2 with described in treat electro-deposition surface ohmic contact and for face contacts, the contact-making surface of described contact electrode 2 and described transparency conducting layer 12 is strip, described contact electrode 2 is treating that perpendicular to described the cross section on electro-deposition surface is square.Described in being set in parallel in, treats described contact electrode 2 on position that electro-deposition surface the first groove P1 is adjacent.
(f) as shown in Figure 1 g, on the described absorbed layer 14 of step (e), form back contact 16, it is to form by sputter that described back contact 16 is set in the present embodiment.
(g) as shown in Fig. 1 h, by the direction to away from described the first substrate of glass 11, remove described contact electrode 2, on these semi-finished product, form contact electrode vacancy 15 after removing described contact electrode 2, described contact electrode vacancy 15 is the second groove P2.
Described contact electrode vacancy 15 is by obtaining to remove described contact electrode 2 away from described the first substrate of glass 11 directions, be that described contact electrode 2 is when described contact electrode 2 connects the conductor wire of energising in end, conduction line length limit contact electro-deposition parallel with described surface, electrodeposit liquid can flow through through the surface of described conductor wire, be that electrodeposit liquid is treating that electro-deposition surface uniform distributes, electro-deposition surface is more even, deposition layer also covers one deck on contact electrode 2 surfaces, because this deposition layer is very thin, by removing described contact electrode 2, not only simple to operate, and it is quick to remove electrode, save the operating time.
(h), as shown in Fig. 1 i, by electrodeposition technology, fill described contact electrode vacancy 15, and form dorsum electrode layer 17 on described back contact 16.
The material that is used to form described dorsum electrode layer 17 is transparent material, and the method by electro-deposition makes the back contact 17 also can printing opacity, therefore, make thin-film solar cells described in the utility model, the back side also can absorb the luminous energy of ground or body of wall reflection, and reach more than 30% by the luminous energy of ground or body of wall reflection, described dorsum electrode layer 17 adopts transparent material can utilize to greatest extent this luminous energy of 30% to carry out opto-electronic conversion, has further improved the efficiency of its opto-electronic conversion.
(i), as shown in Fig. 1 j, on the half-finished described absorbed layer 14 obtaining in step (h), and adjacent position parallel with described contact electrode vacancy 15, connect described dorsum electrode layer 17 and carry out scribing groove operation and obtain the 3rd groove P3.
(j) as shown in Figure 5, on described dorsum electrode layer 17 He in described the 3rd groove P3, fill solar cell package film 4, the second substrate of glass 18 is set on solar cell package film 4, this step is prior art, also can carry out other step process of prior art, will not repeat herein.
Described solar cell package film is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of thin-film solar cells and production method thereof, concrete structure and method are with embodiment 1, unique different be described contact electrode 2 perpendicular to the cross section of described contact electrode 2 contact long side directions for circular, the structure in concrete preparation process is as shown in Fig. 2 d-2j.
As shown in Fig. 7 a and Fig. 7 b, in galvanic deposition cell, when described Window layer 13 substrates absorbed layers 14 are also filled described the first groove P1 simultaneously, described contact electrode 2 connects energising in end.
As disposable embodiment, in the production method of thin-film solar cells, described contact electrode is trapezoidal perpendicular to the cross section of described contact electrode contact long side direction described in the present embodiment
Embodiment 3
Thin-film solar cells described in the present embodiment and production method thereof, concrete structure and execution mode are with embodiment 1, different:
In step (c), contact electrode 2 penetrates described Window layer 13 and described transparency conducting layer 12 ohmic contact, described contact electrode 2 is strip with the contact-making surface of described transparency conducting layer 12, and as shown in Figure 3 c, the side that described contact electrode 2 is gone up is along its length curve; As shown in Figure 3 d, described contact electrode 2 is trapezoidal perpendicular to the cross section of length direction, and described contact electrode 2 connects energising in end.
In step (h), after being filled in the half-finished described contact electrode vacancy obtaining in step (g), form again dorsum electrode layer, in the present embodiment, dorsum electrode layer and the described contact electrode vacancy of filling are to form by electro-deposition, the second contact electrode and described transparency conducting layer ohmic contact when electro-deposition, the material that is provided in the present embodiment filling described contact electrode vacancy and forming dorsum electrode layer is all copper.
As disposable embodiment, the material that is provided in the present embodiment filling described contact electrode vacancy and forming dorsum electrode layer is transparent conductive oxide, and the material using with transparency conducting layer is identical.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment provides a kind of thin-film solar cells, as shown in Figure 5, comprises the first substrate of glass 11, transparency conducting layer 12, Window layer 13, absorbed layer 14, back contact 16, solar cell package film 4 and the second substrate of glass 18 that stack gradually setting; In described Window layer 13 and described absorbed layer 14, be provided with the second groove P2 of perforation, described back contact 16 extends and fills described the second groove P2; Take the long side face of described the second groove P2 as initial, offer the first groove P1 of perforation in described Window layer 13 and described transparency conducting layer 12, described absorbed layer 14 extends and fills described the first groove P1; Take described the second groove P2 away from the side of described the first groove P1 as initial, in described back contact 16, offer the 3rd groove P3 of perforation, described solar cell package film 4 extends and fills described the 3rd groove P3; Described the first groove P1, described the second groove P2 are parallel with the length direction of described the 3rd groove P3.
Described the second groove P2 is square perpendicular to the cross section of length direction, and the long side face of described the second groove P2 is plane.
The preparation method of described thin-film solar cells comprises the steps:
(a) in substrate of glass 11, form transparency conducting layer 12.
(b) on described transparency conducting layer 12, form Window layer 13, described Window layer 13 is cadmium sulfide (CdS) layer.
(c) as shown in Fig. 4 d, contact electrode 2 penetrates described Window layer 13 and described transparency conducting layer 12 ohmic contact, described contact electrode 2 is strip with the contact-making surface of described transparency conducting layer 12, and described contact electrode 2 is square perpendicular to the cross section of described contact long side direction.
(d), as shown in Fig. 4 e, on the described transparency conducting layer 12 in step (c), and adjacent position parallel with described contact electrode 2, connect described transparency conducting layer 12 and carry out scribing groove operation and obtain the first groove P1.
(e) above-mentioned semi-finished product are positioned in galvanic deposition cell, to described contact electrode with electrode is switched on, as shown in Fig. 4 f, at described Window layer 13 substrates absorbed layers 14, also fill described the first groove P1, the material of filling described the first groove P1 and described absorbed layer 14 is cadmium telluride (CdTe) simultaneously.
(f) as shown in Fig. 4 g, on the described absorbed layer 14 of step (e), form back contact 16, it is to form by sputter that described back contact 16 is set in the present embodiment.
(g) as shown in Fig. 4 h, remove described contact electrode 2, on these semi-finished product, form contact electrode vacancy 15 after removing described contact electrode 2, described contact electrode vacancy 15 is the second groove P2.
(h), as shown in Fig. 4 i, be filled in the half-finished described contact electrode vacancy 15 obtaining in step (g), and form dorsum electrode layer 17 on described back contact 16; In the present embodiment, by sputtering technology, fill described contact electrode vacancy 15 and form dorsum electrode layer 17.
(i) as shown in Fig. 4 j, on the half-finished described back contact 16 obtaining in step (h), and adjacent position parallel with described contact electrode vacancy 15, connect described back contact 16 and dorsum electrode layer 17 and carry out scribing groove operation and obtain the 3rd groove P3, can carry out afterwards other processing of prior art.
(j) as shown in Figure 5, on described dorsum electrode layer 17 He in described the 3rd groove P3, fill solar cell package film 4, the second glass-based bottom 18 is set on solar cell package film 4, this step is prior art, also can carry out other step process of prior art, will not repeat herein.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for example is clearly described, and the not restriction to execution mode.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without also giving all execution modes.And among the protection range that the apparent variation of being extended out thus or change are still created in the utility model.

Claims (3)

1. a thin-film solar cells, comprises the first substrate of glass (11), transparency conducting layer (12), Window layer (13), absorbed layer (14), back contact (16), solar cell package film (4) and the second substrate of glass (18) that stack gradually setting; It is characterized in that: in described Window layer (13) and described absorbed layer (14), be provided with second groove (P2) of perforation, described back contact (16) extends and fills described the second groove (P2); Take the long side face of described the second groove (P2) as initial, in described Window layer (13) and described transparency conducting layer (12), offer first groove (P1) of perforation, described absorbed layer (14) extends and fills described the first groove (P1); Take described the second groove (P2) away from the side of described the first groove (P1) as initial, in described back contact (16), offer the 3rd groove (P3) of perforation, described solar cell package film (4) extends and fills described the 3rd groove (P3); Described the first groove (P1), described the second groove (P2) are parallel with the length direction of described the 3rd groove (P3).
2. thin-film solar cells according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described the second groove (P2) is circle, rectangle, square, inverted triangle or trapezoidal a kind of perpendicular to the cross section of length direction.
3. thin-film solar cells according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the long side face of described the second groove (P2) is plane or curved surface.
CN201420274010.XU 2014-05-26 2014-05-26 Film solar cell Expired - Fee Related CN203895474U (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111370502A (en) * 2018-12-25 2020-07-03 北京铂阳顶荣光伏科技有限公司 Solar cell module, preparation method thereof and scribing equipment
CN112909177A (en) * 2021-02-23 2021-06-04 无锡极电光能科技有限公司 Tandem type perovskite battery and preparation method and application thereof
WO2022127178A1 (en) * 2020-12-15 2022-06-23 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Thin-film solar cell

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111370502A (en) * 2018-12-25 2020-07-03 北京铂阳顶荣光伏科技有限公司 Solar cell module, preparation method thereof and scribing equipment
WO2022127178A1 (en) * 2020-12-15 2022-06-23 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Thin-film solar cell
CN112909177A (en) * 2021-02-23 2021-06-04 无锡极电光能科技有限公司 Tandem type perovskite battery and preparation method and application thereof

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