CN203894572U - Adaptive-control irrigation and drainage system of evapotranspiration measurement pit with bottom - Google Patents
Adaptive-control irrigation and drainage system of evapotranspiration measurement pit with bottom Download PDFInfo
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- CN203894572U CN203894572U CN201420302539.8U CN201420302539U CN203894572U CN 203894572 U CN203894572 U CN 203894572U CN 201420302539 U CN201420302539 U CN 201420302539U CN 203894572 U CN203894572 U CN 203894572U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an adaptive-control irrigation and drainage system of an evapotranspiration measurement pit with a bottom. The system comprises a measurement pit drainage well, a measurement pit irrigation well, a measurement pit water level observation well, a large field water level observation well, a cathode measurement pit metal probe wire, a power supply, a determination circuit switch, a measurement pit circuit electromagnet, an anode measurement pit metal probe wire, a cathode large field metal probe wire, a large field circuit electromagnet, an anode large field metal probe wire, a power supply, a drainage circuit relay, a drainage pump station, a drainage pipe, an irrigation circuit relay, an irrigation pump station, and an evapotranspiration measurement pit with a bottom. The system has the following advantages: the irrigation water level in the measurement pit is subjected to adaptive adjustment so that the crop irrigation water depth in the measurement pit is always consistent with that of the large field; the irrigation pump station and the drainage pump station can be opened at the same time through a closed control circuit, so that the content of soil salt in the measurement pit can be reduced through irrigation and drainage at the same time; and the labor intensity of manual irrigation and drainage and replacement of soil in the measurement pit in an irrigation experiment is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of adaptive control irrigation and drainage system that has end steaming and permeating detecting gully.
Background technology
Having end steaming and permeating detecting gully is a kind of testing equipment of widespread use in agricultural irrigation test, is generally used for the mensuration of Methods of Reference Crop Evapotranspiration.According to the requirement in irrigation tests standard (SL13-2004), the soil surface area of steaming and permeating detecting gully generally should not be less than 4m
2, the dress soil degree of depth in survey hole is generally at 0.8～2.0m.In actual use, according to the variation of land for growing field crops underground water table, the underground water place value in hole is surveyed in corresponding adjustment, makes the water level in survey hole consistent with land for growing field crops.By survey, cheat the difference of filling with water discharge, calculate the clean irrigation water consumption of crops, and be converted to thus corresponding Methods of Reference Crop Evapotranspiration.
Conventional has in end steaming and permeating detecting gully water drainage-supply system, and the underground water table in survey hole is controlled, and is to realize by regulating with the elevation of surveying the overflow weir of cheating the par funnel being connected.At present, to ooze side hole be all to rely on the upper-lower position that manually moves up and down par funnel to realize the object that the underground water table elevation in side hole is adjusted in most steaming.Meanwhile, rely on the Ma Shi bottle metering supply and discharge water yield, by supply and discharge water yield difference, calculate the clean irrigation water consumption of crop.
Mainly there is following problem in existing equipment:
(1) adopting artificial mode, be still feasible, but the survey more than 1.5m is cheated for soil thickness for survey small-sized, that soil thickness is little hole, operating difficulties, and practicality is not strong, cannot meet the requirement of irrigation tests.
(2), in process of crop growth, because Methods of Reference Crop Evapotranspiration exists all the time, cause the underground water table in land for growing field crops constantly all changing.And adopt manual type to adjust underground water table, normally in the set time of every day point or land for growing field crops and the phasic difference of survey mine water, just carry out to a certain extent time, make the SEA LEVEL VARIATION situation of surveying in hole lag behind all the time land for growing field crops SEA LEVEL VARIATION, cause crop irrigation and the land for growing field crops surveyed in hole inconsistent, artificially increased the error of irrigation tests.
(3) owing to there being end steaming and permeating detecting gully, be the device of a surrounding and base seal, the moisture in soil is hedged off from the outer world.After carrying out a period of time test, due to after the using of agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer, survey in hole salt content in soil and can accumulate, often need the soil of surveying in hole by displacement to solve, labour intensity is large, and makes the original state soil layer of surveying in hole be subject to destruction, is unfavorable for carrying out of irrigation tests.
Summary of the invention
The utility model proposes a kind of end steaming and permeating detecting gully adaptive control irrigation and drainage system that has.Its object is intended to solve the existing above-mentioned defect of prior art, when large Tanaka's holard position causes irrigation level to change because of the evaporation and transpiration of crop or relevant farming operation, device can be according to large Tanaka's water level variable, automatically adjust and have the water level in end steaming and permeating detecting gully, make the irrigation level of end steaming and permeating detecting gully consistent with land for growing field crops all the time.In addition,, when salt content runs up to a certain degree in the soil body in surveying hole, can, by filling limit, limit row's desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching mode, the salinity of surveying in hole be reduced to a zone of reasonableness.
Technical solution of the present utility model is: a kind of adaptive control irrigation and drainage system that has end steaming and permeating detecting gully, its structure be survey hole gully, survey hole pour water well, survey at the bottom of one end insertion of hole water level observation well, land for growing field crops water level observation well in steaming and permeating detecting gully, in end steaming and permeating detecting gully, be equipped with and survey hole bottom filtrate;
In the other end of described survey hole gully, be inserted with one end of drainpipe, survey in the other end of cheating the well of pouring water and be inserted with and survey the one end of cheating irrigation pipe, survey and in the other end of hole water level observation well, to be inserted with negative electrode and to survey that hole metal is visited silk and anode is surveyed one end that hole metal is visited silk, in the other end of land for growing field crops water level observation well, be inserted with one end that negative electrode land for growing field crops metal is visited silk and the spy of anode land for growing field crops metal thread;
The described other end that is inserted with drainpipe connects one end of drain discharge meter, run in one end of pump works of the other end of drain discharge meter,
The other end of surveying hole irrigation pipe connects one end of the flowmeter of pouring water, pour water one end of pumping plant of another termination of the flowmeter of pouring water,
Negative electrode is surveyed hole metal and is visited one end that the other end serial connection decision circuitry of silk is surveyed hole pilot lamp, decision circuitry power supply negative terminal and decision circuitry land for growing field crops pilot lamp, and another termination negative electrode land for growing field crops metal of decision circuitry land for growing field crops pilot lamp is visited the other end of silk,
Anode is surveyed hole metal and is visited the A utmost point that another termination of silk is surveyed hole circuit electromagnet, surveys another A of hole circuit electromagnet
,the B utmost point of utmost point connection judgment contactor, land for growing field crops circuit electromagnet, another B of land for growing field crops circuit electromagnet
,the utmost point connects the other end that anode land for growing field crops metal is visited silk,
, there are control circuit draining stationary contact, control circuit draining contact in run in one end of water circuit relay of the other end of described drainage pumping plant on the other end of draining circuit relay, wherein control circuit draining stationary contact touches mutually with surveying hole circuit electromagnet,
The described flowmeter one termination irrigation pipe of pouring water, another termination pump one end of pouring water, pour water one end of circuit relay of another termination of the pump of pouring water, the other end of the circuit relay of pouring water run in three ends of water circuit relay and the anode of control circuit power supply,
The closed knob of negative terminal serial connection control circuit of control circuit power supply, control circuit draining stationary contact, back-moving spring;
Pour water and have control circuit pour water contact, decision circuitry moving contact on three ends of circuit relay,
Wherein decision circuitry moving contact touches mutually with land for growing field crops circuit electromagnet;
Outer the placing of land for growing field crops water level observation well is equipped with contact mechanism support.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: can be according to the groundwater level depth situations of change in land for growing field crops, and self-adaptation adjustment has the irrigation level in end steaming and permeating detecting gully, and the crop irrigation depth of water situation in end steaming and permeating detecting gully is consistent with land for growing field crops all the time; In addition, for solving the problem of surveying salt accumulation in the interior soil in hole in process of the test, can pass through Closed control circuit, open simultaneously and irrigate and drainage pumping plant, take filling limit, limit row's mode to reduce the soil salt content having in end steaming and permeating detecting gully.Thereby greatly reduce the man-made irrigation draining in irrigation tests and replace the labour intensity that has soil in end steaming and permeating detecting gully.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the adaptive control irrigation and drainage system structural representation with end steaming and permeating detecting gully.
Fig. 2 is the workflow diagram with the adaptive control irrigation and drainage system of end steaming and permeating detecting gully.
In figure, A surveys hole gully, B has to survey to cheat the well of pouring water, C surveys hole water level observation well, D land for growing field crops water level observation well, the 1st, negative electrode is surveyed hole metal and is visited silk, the 2nd, decision circuitry is surveyed hole pilot lamp, the 3rd, decision circuitry power supply, the 4th, decision circuitry switch, the 5th, survey hole circuit electromagnet, the 6th, anode is surveyed hole metal and is visited silk, the 7th, negative electrode land for growing field crops metal is visited silk, the 8th, decision circuitry land for growing field crops pilot lamp, the 9th, land for growing field crops circuit electromagnet, the 10th, anode land for growing field crops metal is visited silk, the 11st, decision circuitry moving contact, the 12nd, control circuit draining stationary contact, the 13rd, back-moving spring, the 14th, control circuit power supply, the 15th, draining circuit relay, the 16th, drainage pumping plant, the 17th, drain discharge meter, the 18th, drainpipe, the 19th, the control circuit stationary contact of pouring water, the 20th, the circuit relay of pouring water, the 21st, the pumping plant of pouring water, the 22nd, the flowmeter of pouring water, the 23rd, survey hole irrigation pipe, the 24th, survey hole bottom filtrate, the 25th, there is end steaming and permeating detecting gully, the 26th, the closed knob of control circuit, the 27th, contact mechanism support, the 28th, control circuit draining contact, the 29th, the control circuit contact of pouring water.
Embodiment
Contrast Fig. 1, adaptive control irrigation and drainage system with end steaming and permeating detecting gully, its structure be survey hole gully A, survey hole pour water well B, survey at the bottom of one end insertion of hole water level observation well C, land for growing field crops water level observation well D in steaming and permeating detecting gully 25, in end steaming and permeating detecting gully 25, be equipped with and survey hole bottom filtrate 24.
In the other end of described survey hole gully A, be inserted with one end of drainpipe 18, survey in the other end of cheating the well B that pours water and be inserted with and survey the one end of cheating irrigation pipe 23, survey and in the other end of hole water level observation well C, to be inserted with negative electrode and to survey that hole metal is visited silk 1 and anode is surveyed one end that hole metal is visited silk 6, in the other end of land for growing field crops water level observation well D, be inserted with negative electrode land for growing field crops metal and visit one end that silk 7 and anode land for growing field crops metal are visited silk 10.
The described other end that is inserted with drainpipe 18 connects one end of drain discharge meter 17, run in one end of pump works 16 of the other end of drain discharge meter 17.
The other end of surveying hole irrigation pipe 23 connects one end of the flowmeter 22 of pouring water, pour water one end of pumping plant 21 of another termination of the flowmeter 22 of pouring water.
Negative electrode is surveyed hole metal and is visited one end that the other end serial connection decision circuitry of silk 1 is surveyed hole pilot lamp 2, decision circuitry power supply 3 negative terminals and decision circuitry land for growing field crops pilot lamp 8, and another termination negative electrode land for growing field crops metal of decision circuitry land for growing field crops pilot lamp 8 is visited the other end of silk 7.
Anode is surveyed hole metal and is visited the A utmost point that another termination of silk 6 is surveyed hole circuit electromagnet 5, surveys another A of hole circuit electromagnet 5
,the B utmost point of utmost point connection judgment contactor 4, land for growing field crops circuit electromagnet 9, another B of land for growing field crops circuit electromagnet 9
,the utmost point connects the other end that anode land for growing field crops metal is visited silk 10.
Run in one end of water circuit relay 15 of the other end of described drainage pumping plant 16, on the other end of draining circuit relay 15, have control circuit draining stationary contact 12, control circuit draining contact 28, wherein control circuit draining stationary contact 12 touches mutually with survey hole circuit electromagnet 5.
One termination irrigation pipe of the described flowmeter 22 of pouring water, another termination pump one end of pouring water, the pump of pouring water connects one end of the circuit relay 20 of pouring water, the other end of the circuit relay 20 of pouring water run in three ends of water circuit relay 15 and the anode of control circuit power supply 14.
The closed knob 26 of negative terminal serial connection control circuit of control circuit power supply 14, control circuit draining stationary contact 12, back-moving spring 13.
Pour water and have control circuit pour water contact 29, decision circuitry moving contact 11 on three ends of circuit relay 20, wherein decision circuitry moving contact 11 touches mutually with land for growing field crops circuit electromagnet 9.
Outer the placing of land for growing field crops water level observation well D is equipped with contact mechanism support 27.
Described negative electrode is surveyed hole metal and is visited silk 1, decision circuitry to survey hole pilot lamp 2, decision circuitry power supply 3, detection circuit switch 4(closed), survey hole circuit electromagnet 5, anode is surveyed hole metal and is visited the surveys hole decision circuitry that silk 6 is in series mutually.
It is closed that described negative electrode land for growing field crops metal is visited silk 7, decision circuitry land for growing field crops pilot lamp 8, decision circuitry power supply 3, decision circuitry switch 4(), land for growing field crops circuit electromagnet 9, anode land for growing field crops metal visit silk 10 land for growing field crops decision circuitry that are mutually in series.
By decision circuitry moving contact 11, back-moving spring 13 and contact mechanism support 27, form contact mechanism.
By survey hole decision circuitry, land for growing field crops decision circuitry, contact mechanism, formed survey of the present invention hole decision circuitry part.
By control circuit draining stationary contact 12, control circuit draining contact 28, draining circuit relay 15, control circuit power supply 14, be in series and surveyed hole draining control circuit, draining circuit relay 15 connects drainage pumping plant 16, controls the duty of drainage pumping plant 16.
By control circuit the pour water contact 29, the circuit relay 20 of pouring water, control circuit power supply 14 of stationary contact 19, control circuit of pouring water, be in series and surveyed the hole control circuit of pouring water, the circuit relay 20 of pouring water connects the pumping plant 21 of pouring water, and controls the duty of drainage pumping plant 21.
By closed knob 26, control circuit draining contact 28, the control circuit contact 29 composition control closing of circuit mechanisms of pouring water.By rotating closed knob 26, make contact 29 short circuits of pouring water of control circuit draining contact 28, control circuit, control circuit is closed.
By surveying hole draining control circuit, survey pour water control circuit, control circuit close mechanism of hole and formed control circuit part of the present invention.
By surveying hole decision circuitry and control circuit two parts, formed the adaptive control irrigation and drainage system with end steaming and permeating detecting gully, wherein surveying the A utmost point of the survey hole circuit electromagnet 5 in the decision circuitry of hole and the B utmost point of the land for growing field crops circuit electromagnet 9 in control circuit joins, survey another A of hole circuit electromagnet 5, the utmost point and anode are surveyed hole metal spy silk 6 and are joined, another B of the land for growing field crops circuit electromagnet 9 in control circuit
,the utmost point and anode land for growing field crops metal are visited silk 10 and are joined.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 2, open closed decision circuitry switch 4, decision circuitry is surveyed hole pilot lamp 2, decision circuitry land for growing field crops pilot lamp 8 is all luminous, system is started working, soil salt < 4%, water level in survey hole is lower than the water level in land for growing field crops, surveying negative electrode in the decision circuitry of hole surveys hole metal and visits silk 1 and anode and survey hole metal and visit silk 6 total lengths that surface and be greater than that negative electrode land for growing field crops metal in the decision circuitry of land for growing field crops is visited silk 7 and anode land for growing field crops metal is visited silk 10 total lengths that surface, cause the resistance value of surveying in the decision circuitry of hole to be greater than the resistance value in the decision circuitry of land for growing field crops, decision circuitry power supply 3 voltages one regularly, thereby the suction that makes the 9 pairs of decision circuitry moving contacts 11 of land for growing field crops circuit electromagnet in the decision circuitry of land for growing field crops is greater than the suction of surveying hole circuit electromagnet 5, decision circuitry moving contact 11 and the control circuit stationary contact 19 of pouring water contacts, survey and cheat the control circuit closure of pouring water, the pumping plant 21 of pouring water is started working, to there being end steaming and permeating detecting gully 25, pour water, surveying effluent position rises.When there being steaming and permeating detecting gully 25 water levels in the end to rise to when consistent with land for growing field crops water level, surveying negative electrode in the decision circuitry of hole surveys hole metal and visits silk 1 and anode and survey hole metal and visit silk 6 total lengths that surface and the negative electrode land for growing field crops metal in the decision circuitry of land for growing field crops and visit silk 7 and anode land for growing field crops metal to visit 10 total length that surface the same, survey hole decision circuitry and recover consistent with the resistance value in the decision circuitry of land for growing field crops, original survey hole circuit electromagnet 5 and land for growing field crops circuit electromagnet 9 suction equal and opposite in directions, decision circuitry moving contact 11 resets under the effect of back-moving spring 13, survey is cheated the control circuit of pouring water and is opened circuit, the pumping plant 21 of pouring water quits work.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 2, closed decision circuitry switch 4, decision circuitry is surveyed hole pilot lamp 2, decision circuitry land for growing field crops pilot lamp 8 is all luminous, system is started working, soil salt < 4%, water level in surveying hole is during higher than water level in land for growing field crops, surveying negative electrode in the decision circuitry of hole surveys hole metal and visits silk 1 and anode and survey hole metal and visit silk 6 total lengths that surface and be less than that negative electrode land for growing field crops metal in the decision circuitry of land for growing field crops is visited silk 7 and anode land for growing field crops metal is visited silk 10 total lengths that surface, cause the resistance value of surveying in the decision circuitry of hole to be less than the resistance value in the decision circuitry of land for growing field crops, decision circuitry power supply 3 voltages one regularly, thereby the suction that makes the 9 pairs of decision circuitry moving contacts 11 of land for growing field crops circuit electromagnet in the decision circuitry of land for growing field crops is less than the suction of surveying hole circuit electromagnet 5, decision circuitry moving contact 11 and the control circuit stationary contact 12 of pouring water contacts, survey hole draining control circuit closed, drainage pumping plant 16 is started working, to there being 25 drainings of end steaming and permeating detecting gully, surveying effluent position declines.When there being steaming and permeating detecting gully 25 water levels in the end to rise to when consistent with land for growing field crops water level, surveying negative electrode in the decision circuitry of hole surveys hole metal and visits silk 1 and anode and survey hole metal and visit silk 6 total lengths that surface and the negative electrode land for growing field crops metal in the decision circuitry of land for growing field crops and visit silk 7 and anode land for growing field crops metal to visit 10 total length that surface the same, survey hole decision circuitry and recover consistent with the resistance value in the decision circuitry of land for growing field crops, original survey hole circuit electromagnet 5 and land for growing field crops circuit electromagnet 9 suction equal and opposite in directions, decision circuitry moving contact 11 resets under the effect of back-moving spring 13, surveying hole draining control circuit opens circuit, drainage pumping plant 16 quits work.
Embodiment 3
In process of the test, if find to survey soil salt content >=4% in hole, while being unfavorable for that irrigation tests are carried out, the direct closed knob 26 of rotation control circuit, makes contact 29 short circuits of pouring water of control circuit draining contact 28, control circuit, control circuit closure.Pour water pumping plant 21 and drainage pumping plant 16 worked simultaneously, to having end steaming and permeating detecting gully 25 to take filling limit, limit row's the mode desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, reaching, reduces the object that has the salt content in the interior soil of end steaming and permeating detecting gully 25.
Claims (1)
1. an adaptive control irrigation and drainage system that has end steaming and permeating detecting gully, it is characterized in that surveying hole gully, survey hole pour water well, survey at the bottom of one end insertion of hole water level observation well, land for growing field crops water level observation well in steaming and permeating detecting gully, in end steaming and permeating detecting gully, be equipped with and survey hole bottom filtrate;
In the other end of described survey hole gully, be inserted with one end of drainpipe, survey in the other end of cheating the well of pouring water and be inserted with and survey the one end of cheating irrigation pipe, survey and in the other end of hole water level observation well, to be inserted with negative electrode and to survey that hole metal is visited silk and anode is surveyed one end that hole metal is visited silk, in the other end of land for growing field crops water level observation well, be inserted with one end that negative electrode land for growing field crops metal is visited silk and the spy of anode land for growing field crops metal thread;
The described other end that is inserted with drainpipe connects one end of drain discharge meter, run in one end of pump works of the other end of drain discharge meter,
The other end of surveying hole irrigation pipe connects one end of the flowmeter of pouring water, pour water one end of pumping plant of another termination of the flowmeter of pouring water,
Negative electrode is surveyed hole metal and is visited one end that the other end serial connection decision circuitry of silk is surveyed hole pilot lamp, decision circuitry power supply negative terminal and decision circuitry land for growing field crops pilot lamp, and another termination negative electrode land for growing field crops metal of decision circuitry land for growing field crops pilot lamp is visited the other end of silk,
Anode is surveyed hole metal and is visited the A utmost point that another termination of silk is surveyed hole circuit electromagnet, surveys another A of hole circuit electromagnet
,the B utmost point of utmost point connection judgment contactor, land for growing field crops circuit electromagnet, another B of land for growing field crops circuit electromagnet
,the utmost point connects the other end that anode land for growing field crops metal is visited silk,
, there are control circuit draining stationary contact, control circuit draining contact in run in one end of water circuit relay of the other end of described drainage pumping plant on the other end of draining circuit relay, wherein control circuit draining stationary contact touches mutually with surveying hole circuit electromagnet,
The described flowmeter one termination irrigation pipe of pouring water, another termination pump one end of pouring water, pour water one end of circuit relay of another termination of the pump of pouring water, the other end of the circuit relay of pouring water run in three ends of water circuit relay and the anode of control circuit power supply,
The closed knob of negative terminal serial connection control circuit of control circuit power supply, control circuit draining stationary contact, back-moving spring;
Pour water and have control circuit pour water contact, decision circuitry moving contact on three ends of circuit relay,
Wherein decision circuitry moving contact touches mutually with land for growing field crops circuit electromagnet;
Outer the placing of land for growing field crops water level observation well is equipped with contact mechanism support.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420302539.8U CN203894572U (en) | 2014-06-09 | 2014-06-09 | Adaptive-control irrigation and drainage system of evapotranspiration measurement pit with bottom |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201420302539.8U CN203894572U (en) | 2014-06-09 | 2014-06-09 | Adaptive-control irrigation and drainage system of evapotranspiration measurement pit with bottom |
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| CN203894572U true CN203894572U (en) | 2014-10-22 |
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| CN201420302539.8U Expired - Fee Related CN203894572U (en) | 2014-06-09 | 2014-06-09 | Adaptive-control irrigation and drainage system of evapotranspiration measurement pit with bottom |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109187902A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-01-11 | 衡阳师范学院 | A kind of intermittent continuous sampling water radon measurement device and method |
| CN111337629A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-06-26 | 武汉大学 | Device for measuring underground water level of pit and automatically following underground water level change of field |
-
2014
- 2014-06-09 CN CN201420302539.8U patent/CN203894572U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109187902A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-01-11 | 衡阳师范学院 | A kind of intermittent continuous sampling water radon measurement device and method |
| CN111337629A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-06-26 | 武汉大学 | Device for measuring underground water level of pit and automatically following underground water level change of field |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20141022 Termination date: 20160609 |