CN106406369A - System for realizing automatic-balancing sensing and control of water level of lysimeter - Google Patents
System for realizing automatic-balancing sensing and control of water level of lysimeter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106406369A CN106406369A CN201610969792.2A CN201610969792A CN106406369A CN 106406369 A CN106406369 A CN 106406369A CN 201610969792 A CN201610969792 A CN 201610969792A CN 106406369 A CN106406369 A CN 106406369A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- lysimeter
- water level
- tube
- water
- pipe
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D9/00—Level control, e.g. controlling quantity of material stored in vessel
- G05D9/12—Level control, e.g. controlling quantity of material stored in vessel characterised by the use of electric means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
- G01N33/246—Earth materials for water content
Abstract
The invention relates to the automatic control device for underground water level, particularly to a system for realizing automatic-balancing sensing and control of a water level of a lysimeter. The system is composed of a U-shaped tube with liquid mercury, adjustable screw rods, adjustable contacts, a fixed contact arranged at the bottom of the U-shaped tube, a control valve, a water supply and measuring device, and a draining and measuring device. The adjustable screw rods and the adjustable contacts enable the liquid mercury and normally-closed electromagnetic relays to be connected. An upward opening is formed in the bottom of the U-shaped tube; and the fixed contact is arranged inside the opening at the bottom of the U-shaped tube and is connected with positive electrodes of the electromagnetic relays by wires. Outward openings are formed in the middle of the vertical tube walls at the two sides of the U-shaped tube; the water supply and measuring device is connected with the openings at the two sides of the U-shaped tube by conduits and is connected with an inlet and drain pipe buried in field by a flow control valve. The input terminals of the electromagnetic relays employ 3-V voltages. The U-shaped tube, the lysimeter, and the water supply and measuring device are connected in sequence. A water level observation well is arranged inside the lysimeter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to level of ground water automaton and in particular to one kind make lysimeter water level autobalance sense and
Control system, more particularly, to one kind be applied to groundwater level shallower and change faster area, and be based on linker
Principle ensures the lysimeter and land for growing field crops level of ground water synchronously lysimeter water level autobalance sensing of change and control system.
Background technology
In the shallower area of level of ground water, the recharge of ground water is the important composition of the water demand of crop, in some cases up to
15%～95%；Under irrigation conditions, deep percolation is also up to water requirement 10% about even more high.Because land for growing field crops subsoil water is mended
Measure difficult to amount and deep percolation, using the common method having bottom lysimeter to be that farmland needs (consumption) water law study.Underground
Water level can affect the distribution of water (salt) and root system in crop root layer soil, and then affects plant growth and law of needing the water, therefore
Lysimeter need to be kept with guarantee test precision identical with land for growing field crops level of ground water as far as possible.Although domestic study and user in lysimeter
Face has reached international advanced or even top standard, but how to realize lysimeter level of ground water (hereinafter referred to as interior water level) and big field
The synchronization change aspect research of lower water level (hereinafter referred to as outer water level) is not enough.Yu Jinyuan etc. have developed oneself of a set of constant interior water level
Dynamic device；Julia devises a kind of bottomless lysimeter, collects and measures displacement by the band that catchments being embedded in bottom, but on
The technology of stating fails to solve the stationary problem of inside and outside water level.Domestic scholar Liu puts down to design earliest and moves up and down geneva bottle along upright guide rail
With the equal method of water level inside and outside keeping, but still need to manual observation water level and operation, workload is big and equipment is complicated, investment is also
High.
When being studied currently with lysimeter, the method that multiplex specific time period arranges water level in fixing, technology is also
Maturation, but this leads to the reality of the frequent change of level of ground water with southern area and does not correspond because of rainfall and draining.Using water level
Sensor measures to inside and outside water level and compares, and passes through microcomputer automatic control, technically feasible, but builds and maintenance cost
Height, domestic practical application is few.
Content of the invention
In order to overcome drawbacks described above, it is an object of the invention to provide one kind is applied to, groundwater level is shallower and change is very fast
Area, be made up of supply and discharge water installations and its electromagnetic valve and measuring equipment, can preferably realize lysimeter level of ground water and land for growing field crops
Synchronous change, and the increment of groundwater and the system of deep percolation can be measured.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：One kind make lysimeter water level autobalance sense and
Control system it is characterised in that：Adjusting screw including U-tube, connection liquid mercury and electromagnetic relay equipped with liquid mercury
The fixed contact that with adjustable contact, is arranged at U-tube bottom, control valve, water supply installation, drainage arrangement；Described U-tube is in ttom of pipe
Place opens up an opening upwards；Described fixed contact is in the opening at U-tube ttom of pipe, and passes through electric wire and electromagnetism relay
Device connects；Described U-tube respectively opens up an outside opening, described water supply and measurement dress in its both sides vertical tube wall centre position
Put and be connected with U-tube both-side opening by conduit；Described water supply installation passes through flow control valve, electromagnetic valve and is embedded in land for growing field crops
Intake-discharge pipe be connected；Described electromagnetic relay input adopts 3V voltage；U-tube, lysimeter, water supply and measuring equipment order
Connect；It is provided with water level observation well in described lysimeter.
The outside opening that in described U-tube, mercury solution liquid level opens up less than both sides vertical tube wall centre position, to prevent weight
Mercury metal enters in lysimeter；Described adjusting screw is located at U-tube top open part, and logical steel wire is connected with adjustable contact.
Described adjusting screw is connected with normally closed electromagnetic relay by steel wire；Described normally closed electromagnetic relay and control supply and discharge
The power system of water connects, and its input voltage is 3V, and output voltage is 24V.
The installation site of described adjustable contact is higher than mercury solution face, and described control valve is used for controlling D pipe water level i.e. interior water level.
Described water supply and measuring equipment, draining and measuring equipment are connected with the intake-discharge pipe being embedded in land for growing field crops；Steaming is oozed
Instrument connects, by connecting tube, the intake-discharge pipe being embedded in land for growing field crops.
With respect to prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
Shallower and change area faster, the in time measurement groundwater level change in groundwater level, and according to its change
Automatically take water supply and sewage measure, provide amount of water it is ensured that its normal growth for root system of plant layer, pre- prevention against water-logging evil and arid.Separately
Outward, the operation principle whole-course automation of this device, deduction and exemption are artificial to be operated, and is conducive to being widely popularized.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the overall structure figure of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is water level sensing and control device schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is Level monitor schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is water supply and sewage and measuring equipment schematic diagram；
In figure：1. glass U-tube, 2. liquid mercury, 3. fixed contact, 4. adjustable contact, 5. adjusting screw, the normally closed electricity of 6.3V
Magnetic relay, 7. control valve, 8. lysimeter, 9. water level observation well, 10. connecting tube, 11. drainings and measuring equipment, 12. electromagnetism
Valve, 13. flow control valves, 14. water supply and measuring equipment.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
U-tube side is connected with the observation of groundwater levels well in land for growing field crops, and the opposite side D pipe constant with the water yield is connected, when in D pipe
When water level is identical with water level in water level observation well, U-tube mercury column both sides are equal, and on this mercury column, plane is set to datum level.
Adjustable contact 4 (for adjustable copper contact) is adjusted to the above certain altitude of datum level.Because the resistance of water is larger, by
The normally closed electromagnetic relay of 3V 6 that adjustable contact controls is unable to reach running voltage and is closed (selecting closed type), this
When drainage electromagnetic valve circuit be disconnected, electromagnetic valve is closed.
(after as heavy rain, land for growing field crops water level rises), U-tube A being connected with outer water level observation well when outer water level is higher than interior water level
The hydraulic pressure at end is more than the B end being connected with interior water level observation well, and B end water level is constant and hydrargyrum face raises, until pressure at two ends is equal.U
Shape pipe is uiform section pipe, then the height that hydrargyrum face in A end declines is equal to the height that B end mercury column rises.Under room temperature, the quality of water and hydrargyrum is close
Degree is respectively 1.0g/cm3And 13.6g/cm3.A end is on the right side of the U-tube of Fig. 1, and B end is on the left of the U-tube of Fig. 1.When inside and outside water level
When difference is for Δ H (cm), then have：
2S+ Δ H=27.2S (1)
In formula：S A end U-tube mercury column falling head or B end mercury column lifting height (with respect to datum level), cm.Obviously
Have：
S=Δ H/25.2 (2)
If being placed in B end adjustable contact lower end at the above S of datum level, when inside and outside water-head is more than or equal to 25.2S,
B end mercury column touches adjustable contact, and electromagnetic relay starts, and connects water supply electromagnetic valve circuit, and water supply installation starts to mend to lysimeter
Water.Raise with interior water level, B end hydrargyrum face is gradually reduced until being departed from contact, electromagnetic relay cuts out water intaking valve, moisturizing is tied
Bundle.
In the same manner, when interior water level exceedes outer water level, A end mercury column rises.When being increased to certain numerical value, touch adjustable touching
Point, electromagnetic relay opens the drain valve of lysimeter, interior water level decreasing, and A end mercury column is also gradually reduced until departing from adjustable contact,
Draining stops.
By adjusting the distance apart from datum level for the adjustable contact lower end, thus it is possible to vary the permissible value of inside and outside water-head.
The system can act also as lysimeter constant water level device and uses.Disconnect the connection at U-tube A end and outer water level observation well,
And water filling makes two ends mercury column flush, current level is controlling water level.For preventing moisture evaporation in A end pipe, a little plant can be instilled
Thing oil forms top layer protecting film.
Under this pattern, also the drainpipe outlet elevation of lysimeter can be set to design controlling water level, cancel drain valve simultaneously.
When lysimeter level of ground water is higher than design level of ground water, directly excluded by discharge outlet overflow.
The present invention, according to linker water level balance principle, using the characteristic that liquid mercury density is big and electric conductivity is strong, devises
A kind of simple and practical lysimeter level of ground water self-balancing sensing and control system, can open when inside and outside water-head exceedes setting value
Close confession, drainage arrangement, to keep inside and outside water level equal in real time.
Described glass U-tube 1 establishes a upward opening newly on the basis of normal U-tube at its ttom of pipe, and in its both sides
Vertical tube wall centre position respectively open one open out, fixed contact 3 (for conductive contact) in the opening of U-tube bottom, and
It is connected with electromagnetic relay positive pole by 1mm steel wire, both sides tube wall opening is used for connecting inside and outside water level observation well, by U-tube
Its SEA LEVEL VARIATION is reacted in water level sensing and control device principle.
In described U-tube, mercury solution liquid level is less than both-side opening position, to prevent the liquid mercury 2 of side due to opposite side water level
Change and enter in Level monitor, described adjusting screw 5 be located at U-tube two conventional top opening at, and pass through electric wire
Connect with adjustable contact, the installation of described adjustable contact is higher than mercury solution face, to ensure that under non-working condition, circuit is in disconnection mould
Formula.
Described adjusting screw is connected by steel wire electromagnetic relay 6 normally closed with 3V, is to ensure that water in low electricity using 3V voltage
Pressure is not electrolysed, and described electromagnetic relay is connected with the power system controlling water supply and sewage, and this power system voltage is 24V, institute
State control valve 7 (it can be butterfly valve) for controlling water level in U-tube to be fed by water in inspection well, described water supply and measurement fill
Put 14 to be connected with the intake-discharge pipe being embedded in land for growing field crops by flow control valve 13, electromagnetic valve 12.
U-tube, lysimeter 8, water supply installation are linked in sequence；It is provided with water level observation well 9 in described lysimeter.Described confession
Water and measuring equipment 14, draining and measuring equipment 11 are connected with the intake-discharge pipe being embedded in land for growing field crops；Lysimeter passes through connecting tube
10 connect the intake-discharge pipe being embedded in land for growing field crops.
Drainage pipeline is embedded in the sandy loam layer of underground the present invention, its purpose is to ensure to be replenished to the water of underground
Measure the WATER LEVEL CHANGES causing can more sensitively react to water supply and sewage measuring equipment, adjust the flow of water supply and sewage in time.
System includes three parts：(1) water level sensing and control device：By U-tube, fixed contact, liquid mercury, adjustable copper
Contact and wire, control butterfly valve, adjusting screw, 3V normally closed electromagnetic relay composition；(2) Level monitor：By lysimeter, water
Position inspection well, connecting tube composition；(3) water supply and sewage and measuring equipment：By water supply and measuring equipment, flow control valve, electromagnetic valve, row
Water and measuring equipment composition.The situation of change of water level is passed to water level sensing by communicating pipe and controls dress by Level monitor
Put, in water level sensing and control device, SEA LEVEL VARIATION is changed into the signal of telecommunication and supply and discharge is transferred to by adjustable copper contact and wire
Water and measuring equipment.This system structure is simple, cheap it is easy to maintenance and management, can preferably realize lysimeter level of ground water
Synchronously change with land for growing field crops.
The above be only the preferred embodiment of the present invention it should be pointed out that：Ordinary skill people for the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of make lysimeter water level autobalance sense and control system it is characterised in that：Including U-shaped equipped with liquid mercury
Pipe, the adjusting screw of connection liquid mercury and normally closed electromagnetic relay and adjustable contact, be arranged at U-tube bottom fixed contact,
Control valve, water supply and measuring equipment, draining and measuring equipment；Described U-tube opens up an opening upwards at ttom of pipe；Described
Fixed contact is in the opening at U-tube ttom of pipe, and is connected with electromagnetic relay positive pole by electric wire；Described U-tube is at it
Both sides vertical tube wall centre position respectively opens up an outside opening, is connected with water level observation well in land for growing field crops and D pipe respectively；Described
Water supply installation is connected with the intake-discharge pipe being embedded in land for growing field crops by flow control valve；Described electromagnetic relay adopts 3V voltage；U
Type pipe, lysimeter, water supply installation are linked in sequence；It is provided with water level observation well in described lysimeter.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of make lysimeter water level autobalance sense and control system it is characterised in that：
The outside opening that in described U-tube, mercury solution liquid level opens up less than both sides vertical tube wall centre position, to prevent heavy metal Hg from entering
Enter in lysimeter；Described adjusting screw is located at U-tube top open part, and logical steel wire is connected with adjustable contact.
3. according to claim 2 a kind of make lysimeter water level autobalance sense and control system it is characterised in that：
Described adjusting screw is connected with electromagnetic relay by electric wire.
4. according to claim 3 a kind of make lysimeter water level autobalance sense and control system it is characterised in that：
The installation site of described adjustable contact is higher than mercury solution face, and described control valve is used for controlling D pipe water level i.e. interior water level.
5. according to claim 4 a kind of make lysimeter water level autobalance sense and control system it is characterised in that：
Described water supply and measuring equipment, draining and measuring equipment are connected with the intake-discharge pipe being embedded in land for growing field crops respectively, then by even
Adapter is connected with lysimeter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610969792.2A CN106406369A (en) | 2016-11-04 | 2016-11-04 | System for realizing automatic-balancing sensing and control of water level of lysimeter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610969792.2A CN106406369A (en) | 2016-11-04 | 2016-11-04 | System for realizing automatic-balancing sensing and control of water level of lysimeter |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106406369A true CN106406369A (en) | 2017-02-15 |
Family
ID=58014725
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610969792.2A Pending CN106406369A (en) | 2016-11-04 | 2016-11-04 | System for realizing automatic-balancing sensing and control of water level of lysimeter |
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| CN (1) | CN106406369A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106919191A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-07-04 | 甘肃省治沙研究所 | A kind of lysimeter percolating water drip metering control device |
| CN110146654A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-20 | 徐州市水利科学研究所 | A kind of flood stain comprehensive draining index Test device and its application method |
| CN111481023A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-08-04 | 郭春燕 | Adjustable horizontal wall hanging support for auxiliary picture frame |
| CN112858626A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-05-28 | 中国科学院大学 | Device and method for simulating migration rule of nutrient salts and pollutants in soil |
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| CN2870445Y (en) * | 2005-12-12 | 2007-02-21 | 武汉大学 | Underground automatic water drainer with water-supply function for steam infiltration measuring pit |
| CN201072944Y (en) * | 2007-04-24 | 2008-06-18 | 河南农业大学 | Automatic irrigation device |
| CN104020690A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2014-09-03 | 江苏省沿海水利科学研究所 | Adaptive control irrigation and water drainage system with bottom evaporation and leakage test pit |
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2016
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Patent Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2870445Y (en) * | 2005-12-12 | 2007-02-21 | 武汉大学 | Underground automatic water drainer with water-supply function for steam infiltration measuring pit |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106919191A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-07-04 | 甘肃省治沙研究所 | A kind of lysimeter percolating water drip metering control device |
| CN106919191B (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2023-09-29 | 甘肃省治沙研究所 | Water leakage drip metering control device of lysimeter |
| CN110146654A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-20 | 徐州市水利科学研究所 | A kind of flood stain comprehensive draining index Test device and its application method |
| CN112858626A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-05-28 | 中国科学院大学 | Device and method for simulating migration rule of nutrient salts and pollutants in soil |
| CN111481023A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-08-04 | 郭春燕 | Adjustable horizontal wall hanging support for auxiliary picture frame |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
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Application publication date: 20170215 |