CN203893655U

CN203893655U - Vacuum heating furnace

Info

Publication number: CN203893655U
Application number: CN201420182094.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵龙飞; 赵维保; 赵维根; 贾红波
Original assignee: SONGXIAN BLAZERS MOLYBDENUM INDUSTRY Co Ltd
Current assignee: SONGXIAN BLAZERS MOLYBDENUM INDUSTRY Co Ltd
Priority date: 2014-04-16
Filing date: 2014-04-16
Publication date: 2014-10-22
Anticipated expiration: 2024-04-16

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of physical/chemical reaction engineering equipment, in particular to a vacuum heating furnace. A feeding system of the vacuum heating furnace is provided with a feeing chamber (1), an air pump I and a feeding valve (9). The feeding chamber (1) is vertically arranged on the upper part of a vacuum chamber (8). An air pump II and a material collecting chamber (11) are arranged on a solid state reactant processing system. A heating system is provided with a crucible (7) with a heater (5). A crucible base plate (18) is arranged at the bottom of the crucible (7). A piston structure matching and cooperating with the vacuum chamber (8) is arranged on the upper part of the crucible base plate (18). A supporting unloading mechanism capable of allowing the crucible base plate to moving up and down is arranged on the crucible base plate. The vacuum chamber (8) is communicated with a vacuum unit (17) via a vacuum air vent (10). The vacuum chamber (8) is opposite to the material chamber (11) thereunder in an up-down cooperating manner. In an unloading state where the crucible base plate (18) moves downwards, the space between the crucible base plate (18) and the material collecting chamber (11) forms a material falling channel (41). Via the vacuum heating furnace, defects of low production efficiency and heat shock protruding occurring a current vacuum heating furnace are overcome, production period is shortened, production efficiency is increased, heat shock is reduced, service lifetime of the crucible is extended, production cost is reduced, the vacuum heating furnace is simple to operate and automation is easy to achieve.

Description

A kind of vacuum furnace

Technical field

The utility model relates to physical/chemical reaction engineering apparatus field, relates in particular to a kind of vacuum furnace.

Background technology

Vacuum furnace is the common equipment in physical/chemical reaction engineering field, it moves under vacuum (negative pressure) state, can be under suitable temperature, carrying out the vacuum of metallic compound decomposes, decompose molybdenite as vacuum and prepare metal molybdenum powder and sulphur, also can carry out the vacuum reduction of metallic compound, etc.

The agent structure of traditional vacuum heating furnace is vacuum chamber, heater and crucible, when work, heater, crucible all need to be placed in same vacuum chamber, decompose and prepare metal molybdenum powder as example taking vacuum, when use, first molybdenite raw material be packed in crucible, cover fire door, start vavuum pump vacuum chamber is found time, in the time being extracted into required vacuum, start to heater energising heating molybdenite, after molybdenite decomposes completely, stop heating, cooling after, open fire door take out preparation metal molybdenum powder.

(the CN200420104611.2 of Yunnan Copper Technology Centre, open day on February 1st, 2006) a kind of three semicontinuous metallurgical vacuum drying ovens in Room are proposed, it includes the body of heater of horizontally set, two ends band bell, in this body of heater, be disposed with preparation room, smelt chamber and cooling chamber, between every two adjacent chambers, be provided with movable insulated door, be provided with in smelting chamber the bleeding point that connects furnace wall, be provided with vacuum orifice at preparation room and cooling chamber, be also provided with air inlet and suction opeing at cooling chamber.

Liu Yangxing etc. propose a kind of multicell continuous vacuum stove (development and the application of multicell continuous vacuum stove, Liu Yangxing etc., " vacuum ", the 42nd the 2nd phase of volume, 15-19 page, in February, 2005), its operation principle is that the operation of single chamber intermittent vacuum stove is rationally decomposed, by several chambers complete independently respectively, taking five Room as example, complete charging and take out low vacuum by feed space, carry out pumping high vacuum and heat temperature raising by preheating chamber, proceed pumping high vacuum and insulation by high-temperature heating chamber again, carry out cooling down by cooling chamber, continue cooling and amplification gas by discharge chamber again, workpiece is come out of the stove, each chamber work tempo can shorten 20～30min.

At least there is following open defect in above-mentioned these existing vacuum furnaces: first, production cycle is long, production efficiency is low, with regard to decomposing molybdenite in traditional vacuum heating furnace, because vacuum indoor temperature after molybdenite decomposition is up to more than 1000 DEG C, wait until that temperature drops to 200 DEG C and can open bin gate feeding below, in this process, crucible, vacuum chamber refractory material, molybdenite raw material all will complete charging in same vacuum chamber, vacuumize, heat temperature raising, insulation is decomposed, cooling down, amplify the operations such as gas and discharging, the production of next heat will could start after a upper heat discharging completes, only cooling down operation just needs more than 6 hours, each heat production cycle is conventionally more than 20 hours, and the three semicontinuous metallurgical vacuum drying oven in Room or multicell continuous vacuum stoves, to vacuumize, heating, the cooling process decomposition that waits is arranged side by side, even like this, by the scheme of its optimization, shorten 30 min according to single operation, calculate five chambers, production cycle is still more than 18 hours, production cycle is long, production efficiency is low, second, thermal shock is outstanding, service life of equipment is short, energy waste is serious, when existing vacuum furnace work, material is to be directly placed in the upper heating of crucible (i.e. the truck of the three semicontinuous metallurgical vacuum drying ovens in Room or multicell continuous vacuum stove), crucible need to pass through together with raw material the intensification repeatedly of heating clamber and cooling chamber, cooling operation, the rapid heating and cooling producing in operation i.e. the existence of " thermal shock ", make crucible easily damaged, very high as when more than 1000 DEG C in heating-up temperature especially, thermal shock problems is more outstanding, pot life is short, need frequent replacing, and repeatedly heating up and lowering the temperature of crucible itself also consumed meaningless energy, cause the serious waste of the energy.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of vacuum furnace, to overcome the low and outstanding defect of thermal shock of production efficiency that existing vacuum furnace exists, shortens the production cycle, enhances productivity; Reduce thermal shock, extend pot life, reduce production costs; Easy and simple to handle, easily be automated.

To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is:

A kind of vacuum furnace, is characterized in that: comprise charging system, heating system, solid-state reactants treatment system,

Described charging system is provided with feed space, exhaust pump I and inlet valve, described feed space is positioned at the top of the vacuum chamber of vertical, described inlet valve is set between feed space and vacuum chamber, form the vacuum feed chamber structure of exhaust pump I to feed space forvacuum, described feed space is the vacuum chamber structure that the added material of subtend vacuum chamber carries out forvacuum;

Described solid-state reactants treatment system is provided with exhaust pump II, rewinding chamber, form the exhaust pump II vacuum chamber structure to the exhaust of solid-state reactants treatment system, described rewinding chamber is that the material to being flowed out by vacuum chamber material runner is collected, cooling vacuum chamber structure;

Described heating system is provided with the vertical crucible with heater, described crucible and heater are mounted in vacuum chamber body, crucible inner chamber forms the vacuum chamber that added material is carried out to heating in vacuum and vacuum heat-preserving, crucible top is provided with vacuum chamber upper cover, crucible bottom is provided with crucible bottom plate, described crucible bottom plate top is to kiss with vacuum chamber the piston structure coordinating, and described crucible bottom plate is also provided with and can makes its support shedding mechanism moving up and down, and forms piston type crucible bottom plate structure; Described vacuum chamber is communicated with vacuum unit by vaccum exhaust outlet, described vacuum chamber be located at rewinding chamber under it and coordinate up and down relatively, form vacuum material heated chamber and material flow passage structure; Under the discharging state moving down at described crucible bottom plate, the space between crucible bottom plate and rewinding chamber forms blanking channel.

In vacuum furnace of the present utility model: 1, exhaust pump I is in order to feed space forvacuum, vacuum unit is in order to provide the vacuum of vacuum chamber, exhaust pump II is in order to ensure the vacuum of solid-state reactants treatment system, guarantee that vacuum degree in vacuum chamber is unaffected, and avoid at high temperature ingress of air oxidation before solid-state reactants discharging, exhaust pump I, vacuum unit and exhaust pump II the vacuum that has ensured vacuum furnace entirety is set; 2, feed space is in order to charging and forvacuum, crucible carries from the material of feed space, to heating material intensification, insulation and material runner in order to contain, blanking channel is in order to provide solid-state reactants whereabouts passage, rewinding chamber is in order to provide solid-state reactants to process space realize the cooling of solid-state reactants, in a set of vacuum furnace, complete (1) feed space charging and forvacuum, (2) vacuum chamber heat temperature raising, (3) vacuum chamber insulation, (4) vacuum chamber material runner flows through and blanking channel falls, (5) collect and cooling discharging all process steps rewinding chamber; 3, the up-down structure of feed space and vacuum chamber layout, piston type crucible bottom plate structure make feed space, vacuum chamber and rewinding chamber realize coordinating operation, inlet valve is opened charging, crucible bottom plate rises and keeps vacuum chamber vacuum heating conditions, crucible bottom plate has been fallen the transfer of the interior material of vacuum chamber to rewinding chamber, and only material moves between feed space, vacuum chamber and rewinding chamber.

Vacuum furnace described in the utility model, further, described support shedding mechanism is provided with moving guiding mechanism I and moving guiding mechanism II, described moving guiding mechanism I with moving guiding mechanism II respectively by telescopic guide post I, the vertical rewinding chamber upper wall that runs through of guide post II, described crucible bottom plate is connected with guide post II with described guide post I and can moves up and down with it, forms described piston type crucible bottom plate structure.In specific embodiment, moving guiding mechanism I and moving guiding mechanism II are respectively equipped with hoist cylinder or lift cylinder and drive respectively guide post I and guide post II knee-action by conduit, particularly, after the heating material in crucible completes, the hoist cylinder or the lift cylinder that start moving guiding mechanism I and moving guiding mechanism II move downwards, guide post I and guide post II stretch and drive crucible bottom plate to move down, now crucible bottom plate separates up and down with crucible, vacuum furnace is in discharging state, it is indoor that solid-state reactants in crucible drops into rewinding through blanking channel, restart afterwards moving guiding mechanism I and moving guiding mechanism II and rise crucible bottom plate, now crucible bottom plate and crucible fasten jam-pack, for the production of next heat is got ready.

Vacuum furnace described in the utility model, further, is provided with cellular board in the lower horizontal of vacuum chamber top, vaccum exhaust outlet, and described cellular board is provided with material channel and gas passage; The cellular board arranging can stop the upwards radiation of heat in vacuum chamber, keeps upper and lower material in vacuum chamber in uniform temperature range, to ensure the uniformity of vacuum chamber heating raw materials condition; This material channel is used so that the raw material in feed space enters downwards in vacuum chamber, and gas passage is in order to pass through the uprising gas after heating.

Vacuum furnace described in the utility model, further, described heating system is provided with Dao Liao mechanism, described Dao Liao mechanism comprises vertically disposedly smashes material guiding mechanism and fire tongs formula is smash material pull bar, described in smash material guiding mechanism by telescopic guide post vertically run through vacuum chamber upper cover and with smash material pull bar and be connected, in specific embodiment, smashing material guiding mechanism can or drive the drive of air cylinder driven guide post to smash material pull bar knee-action by the driving oil cylinder of its setting, when use, smashing material pull bar can be along crucible lifting or decline under the driving of smashing material guiding mechanism, with the material that adheres in crucible after cleaning discharging, particularly, when the raw material in crucible completes after reaction in heating, fall the discharging of piston type crucible bottom plate structure, in the time that material can not fall in time or completely, smashing material pull bar can turn over up and down under the driving of smashing material guiding mechanism, make to occur that the material of " adhering to " or " bridge formation " normally falls into rewinding indoor.

Vacuum furnace described in the utility model, further, the indoor Qing Liao mechanism that is provided with of described rewinding, described Qing Liao mechanism comprises horizontally disposed clear material guiding mechanism and clear flitch, described clear material guiding mechanism runs through rewinding chamber sidewall by telescopic guide post level and is connected with clear flitch, and described clear flitch is relative with the upper surface of crucible bottom plate under discharging state; In specific embodiment, clear material guiding mechanism can or drive air cylinder driven guide post to drive the left and right action of clear flitch by the driving oil cylinder of its setting, when use, clear flitch can promote left and right under the driving of clear material guiding mechanism, with the surplus material of the remnants on crucible bottom plate after cleaning discharging, particularly, when the raw material in crucible is after heating completes, fall the discharging of piston type crucible bottom plate structure, in the time that remnants on crucible bottom plate have surplus material, clear flitch can clean left and right under the driving of clear material guiding mechanism, and the surplus material on crucible bottom plate is scraped off, and falls rewinding indoor.

Vacuum furnace described in the utility model, further, between described vaccum exhaust outlet and vacuum unit, be also provided with gaseous reactant treatment system, described gaseous reactant treatment system is provided with gas treatment chamber, gas treatment chamber one end is communicated with vaccum exhaust outlet by gas outlet tube, and the other end is communicated with vacuum unit; In the time that vacuum heating operation process has vapor reaction deposits yields, gaseous reactant can directly enter through gas outlet tube by vaccum exhaust outlet that gas treatment is indoor to be collected and process.

Vacuum furnace described in the utility model, further, described solid-state reactants treatment system is provided with material collecting trolley and cooling chamber I, between rewinding chamber and cooling chamber I, be laterally connected by gate valve, described exhaust pump II is located in cooling chamber I, form the vacuum chamber structure of exhaust pump II to cooling chamber I and the exhaust of rewinding chamber, in rewinding chamber and cooling chamber I, be provided with transmission mechanism, or described solid-state reactants treatment system is provided with material collecting trolley and is provided with cooling chamber I and cooling chamber II simultaneously, between rewinding chamber and cooling chamber I, be laterally connected by gate valve, between cooling chamber I and cooling chamber II, be laterally connected by gate valve II, described exhaust pump II is located in cooling chamber II, form exhaust pump II to cooling chamber II, the vacuum chamber structure of cooling chamber I and the exhaust of rewinding chamber, in rewinding chamber, in cooling chamber I and cooling chamber II, be equipped with transmission mechanism, it is indoor and relative up and down with vacuum chamber that under discharging state, material collecting trolley is placed in rewinding.When discharging, fall piston type crucible bottom plate structure, solid-state reactants in crucible directly falls in material collecting trolley by blanking channel, realize once cooling, when unloading solid-state reactants temperature higher (as more than 400 DEG C) time, can first by transmission mechanism, the material collecting trolley of containing year solid-state reactants be transported to the discharging after secondary is cooling of cooling chamber I from rewinding chamber, or first by transmission mechanism by contain carry solid-state reactants material collecting trolley from rewinding chamber be first transported to cooling chamber I carry out secondary cooling, then be transported to cooling chamber II and carry out again cooling rear discharging, to realize the cooling fast of material.In addition, other cooling chamber can also need to be set in cooling chamber II according to technique outward again, material is sent outside stove after repeatedly cooling again.In addition, can in rewinding chamber, cooling chamber I or cooling chamber II, heat transferring medium entrance be set, in rewinding chamber, cooling chamber I or cooling chamber II, pass into cooling medium, to realize the cooling fast of solid-state reactants.

Vacuum furnace described in the utility model, further, described solid-state reactants treatment system is also provided with material collecting trolley, pusher and cooling chamber I, described exhaust pump II is located in cooling chamber I, form the vacuum chamber structure of exhaust pump II to cooling chamber I and the exhaust of rewinding chamber, in cooling chamber I, be provided with transmission mechanism, or described solid-state reactants treatment system is also provided with material collecting trolley, pusher is also provided with cooling chamber I and cooling chamber II simultaneously, described exhaust pump II is located in cooling chamber II, form exhaust pump II to cooling chamber II, the vacuum chamber structure of cooling chamber I and the exhaust of rewinding chamber, between cooling chamber I and cooling chamber II, be laterally connected by gate valve II, in cooling chamber I and cooling chamber II, be provided with transmission mechanism, described rewinding chamber is provided with bin and the material receiving desk lower than bin, described bin is relative up and down with vacuum chamber, described material receiving desk is laterally connected by gate valve with cooling chamber I, in material receiving desk, be provided with transmission mechanism, on described bin, offer the feed opening towards material receiving desk, under discharging state, material collecting trolley is placed on material receiving desk and is relative with feed opening, described pusher comprises pusher guiding mechanism and scraping wings, described pusher guiding mechanism runs through rewinding chamber sidewall by telescopic guide post level and is connected with scraping wings, mobilizable described scraping wings is vertically arranged on bin, in specific embodiment, pusher guiding mechanism can or drive air cylinder driven guide post to drive the action of scraping wings left and right by the driving oil cylinder of its setting.When discharging, fall piston type crucible bottom plate structure, solid-state reactants in crucible directly falls on bin by blanking channel, realize once cooling, scraping wings under the driving of pusher guiding mechanism along bin to feed opening pusher, solid-state reactants is to falling in material collecting trolley, and transmission mechanism is transported to the discharging after secondary is cooling of cooling chamber I by the material collecting trolley of containing year solid-state reactants from material receiving desk, or is further transported to the cooling rear discharging again of cooling chamber II.Can also in rewinding chamber, cooling chamber I or cooling chamber II, heat transferring medium entrance be set, in rewinding chamber, cooling chamber I or cooling chamber II, pass into cooling medium, to realize the cooling fast of solid-state reactants.

Vacuum furnace described in the utility model, further, described solid-state reactants treatment system is also provided with pusher and cooling chamber I, described rewinding chamber is provided with bin, described bin is relative up and down with vacuum chamber, described exhaust pump II is located in cooling chamber I, forms the vacuum chamber structure of exhaust pump II to cooling chamber I and the exhaust of rewinding chamber; Described pusher comprises pusher guiding mechanism and scraping wings, described pusher guiding mechanism runs through rewinding chamber sidewall by telescopic guide post level and is connected with scraping wings, mobilizable described scraping wings is vertically arranged on bin, described rewinding chamber is vertically connected by gate valve with cooling chamber I, offers the feed opening towards cooling chamber I on bin.When discharging, fall piston type crucible bottom plate structure, solid-state reactants in crucible directly falls on bin by blanking channel, realize once cooling, scraping wings under the driving of pusher guiding mechanism along bin to feed opening pusher, solid-state reactants is to falling in material collecting trolley in cooling chamber I, discharging after secondary is cooling.In specific embodiment, pusher guiding mechanism can or drive air cylinder driven guide post to drive the action of scraping wings left and right by the driving oil cylinder of its setting.In addition, can in rewinding chamber or cooling chamber I, heat transferring medium entrance be set, in rewinding chamber or cooling chamber I, pass into cooling medium, to realize the cooling fast of solid-state reactants.

In vacuum furnace of the present utility model, described support shedding mechanism, Dao Liao mechanism, Qing Liao mechanism and pusher all can be by driving the driving of oil cylinder or driving cylinder to carry out discharging, smash material, expecting clearly or pusher action, the running through position and all can seal by corresponding black box is set of each mechanism and vacuum furnace, to ensure the vacuum condition of heating furnace; Heater can be Medium frequency induction winding heater or microwave applicator and other suitable heaters, the frequency range of Medium frequency induction winding heater is at 0.5 ~ 20kHz, electric current transmission depth is dark, heating using microwave is to penetrate the inner heating of material, and these two kinds of heaters all can be realized the high-temperature heating of material in crucible; Transmission mechanism, in order to pass on material collecting trolley, can adopt conventional chain drive structure, uses movable sealing to seal to ensure working continuously of vacuum furnace, adjusts motor speed by frequency converter, controls the time of passing on and the stop place of material collecting trolley, safe and reliable; All according to technology controlling and process, corresponding thermocouple, vacuum meter or Pressure gauge need to be set in regions such as vacuum chamber, vaccum exhaust outlet, cooling chamber I and carry out the detection of temperature, vacuum and pressure; Between rewinding chamber, cooling chamber I, adopt gate valve to isolate and sealing, make vacuum seal safe and reliable; Can also between the gentle body collecting chamber of vacuum unit, filter be set, the impurity in gas or dust are trapped in filter, prevent that impurity or dust from entering vacuum unit, reduce the impact on vacuum unit.

Vacuum furnace of the present utility model is work like this:

By charging forvacuum in feed compartment, in the feed compartment of vacuum furnace, vacuum chamber, the vacuum exhaust of rewinding chamber after technological requirement, heater energising is warming up to technological temperature, open charging valve, material in feed compartment is added in crucible, heating material is decomposed or the reaction such as reduction, in the time having vapor reaction deposits yields in heating process, it is indoor that gaseous reactant directly enters gas treatment by vaccum exhaust outlet through gas outlet tube, processes and collect according to the character of gaseous reactant, after having heated, fall piston type crucible bottom plate structure, solid-state reaction material drops in the material collecting trolley of rewinding chamber or on bin, carries out coolingly, and after discharging completes, hoisting piston formula crucible bottom plate structure, prepares the reinforced of next heat, when solid-state reaction material is processed, directly discharging after indoor cooling the completing of rewinding, or first open the gate valve between rewinding chamber and cooling chamber I, startup transmission mechanism is laterally transferred to cooling chamber I by the material collecting trolley of containing year solid-state reactants and carries out the cooling rear discharging of secondary, or first start pusher by solid-state reactants in bin is shifted the material collecting trolley material receiving desk onto, open again the gate valve between rewinding chamber and cooling chamber I, start transmission mechanism by material collecting trolley from material receiving desk be laterally transferred to cooling chamber I carry out secondary cooling discharging, or first open the gate valve between rewinding chamber and cooling chamber I, starting pusher directly pushes away material and drops down onto cooling chamber I and carry out the cooling rear discharging of secondary, after completing, close corresponding gate valve, thereby said process is realized continuous production again.In the time of discharging, if fall piston type crucible bottom plate structure, solid-state reaction material can not fall in time or completely, can first start Dao Liao mechanism material is fallen, after completing, Dao Liao mechanism is resetted, then hoisting piston formula crucible bottom plate structure; If when discharging, after material falls completely, on crucible bottom plate, going back remnants has surplus material, can first start Qing Liao mechanism the defective material on crucible bottom plate is swept into rewinding chamber, after completing, Qing Liao mechanism is resetted, then hoisting piston formula crucible bottom plate structure; If while having multiple cooling chamber, respectively by switching and the transmission mechanism of the gate valve between adjacent cooling chamber, material collecting trolley is transferred to its another adjacent cooling chamber from a cooling chamber successively, to material repeatedly after cooling completing, from the discharging of outermost cooling chamber; If need to carry out material quick when cooling, discharging again after can passing into cooling medium material is carried out heat exchange and makes material cooling fast to rewinding chamber or corresponding cooling chamber.

The beneficial effect that the utility model brings has:

1, shorten the production cycle, enhance productivity

Compared with the existing three semicontinuous metallurgical vacuum drying ovens in Room or multicell continuous vacuum stove, adopt vacuum furnace of the present utility model, material completes charging and forvacuum at feed space, in vertical vacuum chamber, complete heat temperature raising and insulation, complete rewinding and cooling in rewinding chamber, in a set of vacuum furnace, complete all process steps that prior art vacuum drying oven can complete, the up-down structure of feed space and vacuum chamber is arranged, piston type crucible bottom plate structure makes feed space, coordinating operation has been realized in vacuum chamber and rewinding chamber, inlet valve is opened charging, crucible bottom plate rises and ensures vacuum degree in vacuum chamber, crucible bottom plate has been fallen the transfer of the interior material of vacuum chamber to rewinding chamber, in production process only material at feed space, between vacuum chamber and rewinding chamber, move, feed space, vacuum chamber, rewinding chamber is fixing not moving structure, crucible is without repeatedly experiencing the process of cooling again that first heats up, save of the prior art to crucible loaded material, material containing crucible is passed on and heated into smelting chamber, again material containing crucible is passed on into the cooling miscellaneous operational sequence of cooling chamber, production cycle shortens greatly,

In addition, in process of production, crucible bottom plate rises with crucible and fastens up and down jam-pack, and crucible and loaded material thereof are the independent isolations in vertical vacuum chamber, compared with smelting of the prior art chamber, vacuum chamber space and waste heat are all utilized effectively, not only improve heat utilization rate, and can reach fast the vacuum and the heating-up temperature that need, the load reduction of bleeding of vacuum unit, shorten the pumpdown time, can save the energy 50% left and right; When discharging, crucible bottom plate is fallen, solid-state reactants automatically falls into rewinding chamber under Action of Gravity Field, in dropping process, material is through a cooling down, passed on by truck again or directly push in cooling chamber cooling through secondary, material temperature fall time shortens widely, and the production cycle further shortens, and has improved production efficiency.

2, reduce thermal shock, extend pot life, reduce production costs

Due to the unique design of the vertical vacuum chamber of vacuum furnace of the present utility model, coordinate the mutual alignment relation of feed space and rewinding chamber, by the feed space in existing multicell continuous vacuum furnace, the organic cooperation of preheating chamber and high-temperature heating chamber, at feed space, vacuum chamber, under the condition that does not move rewinding chamber, only need the switching by inlet valve, the lifting of crucible bottom plate coordinates charging, heating, discharging, rewinding and cooling down operation, crucible is without will repeatedly experience together intensification temperature-fall period between different operating chamber in company with material as prior art, in running, crucible remains at constant temperature and high vacuum state, avoid the impact of rapid heat cycle to crucible, reduce thermal shock, pot life extends more than 5 times, reduce manufacturing cost, because crucible does not move and remain at temperature constant state, also save crucible of the prior art and need to be introduced into preheating chamber and high-temperature heating chamber's heating, pass on into the cooling rear cooling energy consumption of first heating repeatedly of cooling chamber again, reduce running cost, in addition, in the utility model, solid-state reaction material after discharging only need pass between rewinding chamber, cooling chamber, and rewinding chamber, cooling chamber temperature greatly reduce compared with vacuum chamber temperature, therefore in order to material collecting trolley and the transmission mechanism of convey materials, be arranged in the rewinding chamber and cooling chamber of relative low temperature, without testing through the high temperature of high-temperature heating chamber as the truck in the vacuum furnace of prior art and transmission mechanism, the heatproof of truck and transmission mechanism material requires greatly to reduce, and manufacturing cost further declines.

3, easy and simple to handle, easily be automated

Vacuum furnace of the present utility model, adopt piston type crucible bottom plate structure to realize automatic discharging, easy and simple to handle, and easily be automated, particularly, when feed compartment adopts when that it(?) automatically can continuous charging mechanism feeding in raw material and control system is set, by control system and charging system, heating system, solid-state reactants treatment system is connected respectively, temperature thermocouple by conventional automatic control technology to the each system of vacuum furnace, pressure gauge, vacuum meter, pump and valve carry out real-time examination and controlling, carry out vacuum degree control, temperature control and technical process control, just can realize auto feed, automatic discharging, material passes on and the automation mechanized operation of discharging automatically, realize unattended.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1: vacuum furnace structural representation of the present utility model;

Fig. 2: the vacuum furnace A-A shown in Fig. 1 is to view;

Fig. 3: the vacuum furnace discharging status architecture schematic diagram shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4: the vacuum furnace B-B shown in Fig. 3 is to view;

Fig. 5: the vacuum furnace C shown in Fig. 4 is to view;

Fig. 6: vacuum furnace structural representation two of the present utility model;

Fig. 7: vacuum furnace structural representation three of the present utility model;

Fig. 8: the vacuum furnace D shown in Fig. 7 is to view;

Fig. 9: vacuum furnace structural representation four of the present utility model;

Figure 10: vacuum furnace structural representation five of the present utility model.

In figure: 1, feed compartment; 2, charging mechanism; 3, vacuum chamber body; 4, vacuum chamber upper cover; 5, heater; 6, refractory material; 7, crucible; 8, vacuum chamber; 9, inlet valve; 10, vaccum exhaust outlet; 11, rewinding chamber; 12, cooling chamber I; 13, discharge door; 14, gate valve; 15, gas treatment chamber; 16, gas outlet tube; 17, vacuum unit; 18 crucible bottom plates; 19, moving guiding mechanism I; 20, moving guiding mechanism II; 21, guide post I; 22, guide post II; 23, material collecting trolley; 24, bin; 25, material receiving desk; 26, feed opening; 27, pusher guiding mechanism; 28, scraping wings; 29, cooling chamber II; 30, gate valve II; 31, heat transferring medium entrance; 32, cellular board; 33, material channel; 34, gas passage; 35, smash material guiding mechanism; 36, smash material pull bar; 37, expect clearly guiding mechanism; 38, clear flitch; 39, heat-insulation layer; 40, filter; 41 blanking channels.

Detailed description of the invention

Describe the technical solution of the utility model in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, but the technical solution of the utility model includes but not limited to this.

embodiment one:

As Figure 1-5, vacuum furnace of the present utility model, comprises charging system, heating system and solid-state reactants treatment system, and concrete structure is as follows:

Described charging system is provided with feed space 1, exhaust pump I (not shown) and inlet valve 9, feed space 1 is positioned at the top of the vacuum chamber 8 of vertical, described inlet valve 9 is set between feed space 1 and vacuum chamber 8, form the vacuum feed chamber structure of exhaust pump I to feed space 1 forvacuum, the vacuum chamber structure that described feed space 1 carries out forvacuum for the added material of subtend vacuum chamber 8; When concrete enforcement, feed space 1 can be set to the warehouse structure with taper charge door, and warehouse upper cover, top cover lifting device and locking device be set, supporting setting simultaneously can be passed through the rotating cage tubular charging mechanism 2 of reducing motor drive systems, accomplish auto feed, reinforced can be soon, can be slowly, can stop, about the setting of charging system, other embodiments are identical, below repeat no more;

Solid-state reactants treatment system is provided with exhaust pump II (not shown), rewinding chamber 11, form the exhaust pump II vacuum chamber structure to 11 exhausts of rewinding chamber, described rewinding chamber 11 for the material being flowed out by vacuum chamber 8 material runners is collected, cooling vacuum chamber structure; On rewinding chamber 11, be provided with discharge door 13;

Heating system is provided with the vertical crucible 7 with heater 5, crucible 7 is preferentially set to cylindrical shape, between crucible 7 and heater 5, be provided with refractory material 6, as shown in Figure 2, crucible 7, refractory material 6 and heater 5 integral installations are fixed in vacuum chamber body 3, crucible 7 inner chambers form vacuum chamber 8, crucible 7 tops are provided with vacuum chamber upper cover 4, crucible 7 bottoms are provided with crucible bottom plate 18, crucible bottom plate 18 tops are to kiss with vacuum chamber 8 piston structure coordinating, and be provided with the support shedding mechanism that can make it move up and down, the concrete structure of described support shedding mechanism is as shown in Fig. 4-5, be provided with moving guiding mechanism I 19 and moving guiding mechanism II 20, moving guiding mechanism I 19 and moving guiding mechanism II 20 are respectively by telescopic guide post I 21, guide post II 22 vertically runs through rewinding chamber 11 upper walls, crucible bottom plate 18 is connected with guide post II 22 with described guide post I 21 and can moves up and down with it, form described piston type crucible bottom plate structure, in present embodiment, moving guiding mechanism I 19 and moving guiding mechanism II 20 are respectively equipped with hoist cylinder and drive respectively guide post I 21 and guide post II 22 knee-actions by conduit, when concrete enforcement, crucible bottom plate 18 also can arrange in its underpart gripper shoe and be connected with guide post II 22 with guide post I 21 by gripper shoe, like this, thus can drive when guide post I 21 and guide post II 22 knee-action gripper shoe to drive crucible bottom plate 18 to move up and down, under the discharging state moving down at described crucible bottom plate 18, space between crucible bottom plate 18 and rewinding chamber 11 forms blanking channel 41, as shown in Figure 5, can be set to lower arcuation along blanking channel 41 directions by crucible bottom plate 18, can reduce like this solid-state reaction material remains on support shedding mechanism in dropping process, about the setting of supporting shedding mechanism and crucible bottom plate 18, other embodiments are identical, below repeat no more,

Described vacuum chamber 8 is communicated with vacuum unit 17 by vaccum exhaust outlet 10, vacuum chamber 8 with establish with its under rewinding chamber 11 relative up and down, form vertical vacuum heating material chamber and material flow passage structure, when concrete enforcement, vacuum chamber body 3 can adopt steel sheel, water cooling sandwich structure, and to ensure the safe and stable operation of vacuum chamber 8, vacuum chamber body 3 and vacuum chamber upper cover 4 can be with bolts, while conveniently needs, vacuum chamber upper cover 4 unloaded and carry out overhaul of the equipments, heater 5 can adopt Medium frequency induction winding heater, utilize Frequency Induction Heating principle to heat crucible, heated material is heated up under high-temperature crucibles heat radiation, can cover the protective layer that one deck is high temperature resistant and insulate at induction coil inner surface, effectively protection induction heater is not damaged, the refractory material 6 adopting has high temperature resistant and insulation function simultaneously, repair and replacement are convenient, in the time that heated material is wave absorbtion material, heater 5 also can adopt microwave applicator, hoisting mechanism also can be set on crucible 7, facilitate installation and the taking-up of crucible, about supporting shedding mechanism, the setting of heater 5 grades, other embodiments are identical, below repeat no more,

In working order, crucible 7 fastens jam-pack (as shown in Figure 1) up and down with crucible bottom plate 18, the material in the feed space 1 of forvacuum, the vacuum heating chamber heating that enters crucible 7; Under discharging state, the moving guiding mechanism I 19 and the moving guiding mechanism II 20 that start support shedding mechanism are fallen crucible bottom plate 18, crucible 7 separates (as shown in Figure 3) up and down with crucible bottom plate 18, and the solid-state reactants in crucible 7 directly drops in rewinding chamber 11 by blanking channel 41; When concrete enforcement, also can establish material collecting trolley 23 in rewinding chamber 11, when discharging, material collecting trolley 23 is placed in to rewinding chamber 11 interior and relative up and down with vacuum chamber 8, the solid-state reactants in crucible 7 drops in material collecting trolley 23 below by blanking channel 41; Also can on 11 sidewalls of rewinding chamber, heat exchanging medium passage be set, realize Rapid Thermal exchange to passing into cooling medium in rewinding chamber 11 as argon gas makes the solid-state reactants in material collecting trolley 23.

In present embodiment, vacuum furnace operating process is as follows:

Start exhaust pump I to feed compartment 1 forvacuum, start vacuum unit 17 and exhaust pump II, by vacuum chamber 8,11 vacuum exhausts of rewinding chamber after technological requirement, heater 5 energisings are warming up to technological temperature, open charging valve 9, by feed compartment 1, material is added in crucible 7, heating material is decomposed or the reaction such as reduction; After having heated, start support shedding mechanism and fall crucible bottom plate 18, start discharging, solid-state reaction material drops in the material collecting trolley 23 of rewinding chamber 11, or directly drop in rewinding chamber 11, after solid-state reactants falls completely, start and support shedding mechanism rise crucible bottom plate 18, prepare the reinforced of next heat; Solid-state reaction material directly rewinding chamber 11 interior cooling after, from discharge door 13 dischargings, thereby said process is realized continuous production again.

embodiment two:

As shown in Figure 6, vacuum furnace of the present utility model, comprises charging system, heating system and solid-state reactants treatment system, and concrete structure is as follows:

Charging system is provided with feed space 1, exhaust pump I (not shown) and inlet valve 9, feed space 1 is positioned at the top of the vacuum chamber 8 of vertical, described inlet valve 9 is set between feed space 1 and vacuum chamber 8, form the vacuum feed chamber structure of exhaust pump I to feed space 1 forvacuum, the vacuum chamber structure that described feed space 1 carries out forvacuum for the added material of subtend vacuum chamber 8, and be provided with charging mechanism 2, can continuous charging;

Heating system is provided with the vertical circular crucible 7 with heater 5, between crucible 7 and heater 5, be provided with refractory material 6, crucible 7, refractory material 6 and heater 5 integral installations are fixed in vacuum chamber body 3, vacuum chamber body 3 and vacuum chamber upper cover 4 are with bolts, and heater 5 adopts Medium frequency induction winding heater, crucible 7 inner chambers form vacuum chamber 8, crucible 7 tops are provided with vacuum chamber upper cover 4, crucible 7 bottoms are provided with crucible bottom plate 18, crucible bottom plate 18 tops are to kiss with vacuum chamber 8 piston structure coordinating, and be provided with the support shedding mechanism that can make it move up and down, support shedding mechanism and be provided with moving guiding mechanism I 19 and moving guiding mechanism II 20, moving guiding mechanism I 19 and moving guiding mechanism II 20 are respectively by telescopic guide post I 21, guide post II 22 vertically runs through rewinding chamber 11 upper walls, crucible bottom plate 18 is connected with guide post II 22 with described guide post I 21 and can moves up and down with it, form piston type crucible bottom plate structure, moving guiding mechanism I 19 and moving guiding mechanism II 20 are respectively equipped with hoist cylinder and drive respectively guide post I 21 and guide post II 22 knee-actions by conduit, under the discharging state moving down at crucible bottom plate 18, the space between crucible bottom plate 18 and rewinding chamber 11 forms blanking channel 41,

Solid-state reactants treatment system is provided with rewinding chamber 11, material collecting trolley 23, cooling chamber I 12 and exhaust pump II (not shown), between rewinding chamber 11 and cooling chamber I 12, be laterally connected by gate valve 14, exhaust pump II is located in cooling chamber I 12, form the vacuum chamber structure of exhaust pump II to cooling chamber I 12,11 exhausts of rewinding chamber, when concrete enforcement, vacuum chamber body 3, rewinding chamber 11, cooling chamber I 12 all can adopt water cooling sandwich structure; In cooling chamber I 12, be provided with discharge door 13, be provided with chain transmission (not shown) in rewinding chamber 11 and cooling chamber I 12, it is interior and relative up and down with vacuum chamber 8 that under discharging state, material collecting trolley 23 is placed in rewinding chamber 11; In cooling chamber I 12, be provided with heat transferring medium entrance 31; Vacuum chamber 8 is communicated with vacuum unit 17 by vaccum exhaust outlet 10, vacuum chamber 8 with establish with its under rewinding chamber 11 relative up and down, form vertical vacuum heating material chamber and material flow passage structure.

In present embodiment, vacuum furnace operating process is as follows:

Start exhaust pump I to feed compartment 1 forvacuum, start vacuum unit 17 and exhaust pump II, by vacuum chamber 8, rewinding chamber 11 and 12 vacuum exhausts of cooling chamber I after technological requirement, heater 5 energisings are warming up to technological temperature, open charging valve 9, by feed compartment 1, material is added in crucible 7, heating material is decomposed or the reaction such as reduction; After having heated, start support shedding mechanism and fall crucible bottom plate 18, start discharging, it is once cooling that solid-state reaction material drops to the interior realization of material collecting trolley 23 of rewinding chamber 11, after solid-state reactants falls completely, start and support shedding mechanism rise crucible bottom plate 18, prepare the reinforced of next heat; Open the gate valve 14 between rewinding chamber 11 and cooling chamber I 12, start transmission mechanism loading material collecting trolley 23 is transferred to cooling chamber I 12, closing gate valve 14, and material is carried out cooling fast by heat transferring medium entrance 31 to passing into the heat transferring mediums such as argon gas in cooling chamber I 12, after cooling completing, from discharge door 13 dischargings, thereby said process is realized continuous production again.

embodiment three:

As Figure 7-8, vacuum furnace of the present utility model, comprises charging system, heating system, solid-state reactants treatment system and gaseous reactant treatment system, and concrete structure is as follows:

Heating system is provided with the vertical circular crucible 7 with heater 5, between crucible 7 and heater 5, be provided with refractory material 6, crucible 7, refractory material 6 and heater 5 integral installations are in vacuum chamber body 3, and vacuum chamber body 3 and vacuum chamber upper cover 4 are with bolts, and heater 5 adopts microwave applicator, crucible 7 inner chambers form vacuum chamber 8, crucible 7 tops are provided with vacuum chamber upper cover 4, crucible 7 bottoms are provided with crucible bottom plate 18, crucible bottom plate 18 tops are to kiss with vacuum chamber 8 piston structure coordinating, and be provided with the support shedding mechanism that can make it move up and down, support shedding mechanism and be provided with moving guiding mechanism I 19 and moving guiding mechanism II 20, moving guiding mechanism I 19 and moving guiding mechanism II 20 are respectively by telescopic guide post I 21, guide post II 22 vertically runs through rewinding chamber 11 upper walls, crucible bottom plate 18 is connected with guide post II 22 with described guide post I 21 and can moves up and down with it, form piston type crucible bottom plate structure, moving guiding mechanism I 19 and moving guiding mechanism II 20 are respectively equipped with hoist cylinder and drive respectively guide post I 21 and guide post II 22 knee-actions by conduit, under the discharging state moving down at crucible bottom plate 18, the space between crucible bottom plate 18 and rewinding chamber 11 forms blanking channel 41,

Solid-state reactants treatment system is provided with rewinding chamber 11, material collecting trolley 23, exhaust pump II (not shown), pusher and is provided with cooling chamber I 12 and cooling chamber II 29 simultaneously, exhaust pump II is located in cooling chamber II 29, form the vacuum chamber structure of exhaust pump II to cooling chamber II 29, cooling chamber I 12 and 11 exhausts of rewinding chamber, in cooling chamber II 29, be provided with discharge door 13; Between cooling chamber I 12 and cooling chamber II 29, be laterally connected by gate valve II 30; Described rewinding chamber 11 is provided with bin 24 and the material receiving desk 25 lower than bin 24, described bin 24 is relative up and down with vacuum chamber 8, described material receiving desk 25 is laterally connected by gate valve 14 with cooling chamber I 12, in material receiving desk 25, cooling chamber I 12 and cooling chamber II 29, be equipped with chain transmission (not shown), on described bin 24, offer the feed opening 26 towards material receiving desk 25, under discharging state, material collecting trolley 23 is placed on material receiving desk 25 and is relative with feed opening 26; Described pusher comprises pusher guiding mechanism 27 and scraping wings 28, described pusher guiding mechanism 27 runs through rewinding chamber 11 sidewalls by telescopic guide post level and is connected with scraping wings 28, pusher guiding mechanism 27 drives scraping wings 28 left and right actions by the driving air cylinder driven guide post of its setting, and mobilizable described scraping wings 28 is vertically arranged on bin 24;

Vacuum chamber 8 is communicated with vacuum unit 17 by vaccum exhaust outlet 10, is provided with cellular board 32 in the lower horizontal of vacuum chamber 8 tops, vaccum exhaust outlet 10, and as shown in Figure 8, cellular board 32 is provided with material channel 33 and gas passage 34; Vacuum chamber 8 with establish with its under rewinding chamber 11 relative up and down, form vertical vacuum heating material chamber and material flow passage structure;

Gaseous reactant treatment system is arranged between vaccum exhaust outlet 10 and vacuum unit 17, is provided with gas treatment chamber 15, and gas treatment chamber 15 one end are communicated with vaccum exhaust outlet 10 by gas outlet tube 16, and the other end is communicated with vacuum unit 17; On gas outlet tube 16, be provided with heat-insulation layer 39, this heat-insulation layer specifically can be set to be wound around heating tape, and gas outlet tube 16 is incubated, and gas outlet tube 16 is incubated, to avoid the condensation of gas of discharging on gas outlet tube 16.

In present embodiment, vacuum furnace operating process is as follows:

Start exhaust pump I to feed compartment 1 forvacuum, start vacuum unit 17 and exhaust pump II, by vacuum chamber 8, rewinding chamber 11, cooling chamber I 12 and 29 vacuum exhausts of cooling chamber II are after technological requirement, heater 5 energisings are warming up to technological temperature, open inlet valve 9, reinforced by feed compartment 1, the material channel 33 of raw material on cellular board 32 enters in crucible 7, heating material is decomposed or the reaction such as reduction, the gaseous reactant producing in heating process, rise by the gas passage 34 on cellular board 32, and directly by vaccum exhaust outlet 10 in gas outlet tube 16 enters gas treatment chamber 15, process and collect according to the character of gaseous reactant, after having heated, start support shedding mechanism and fall crucible bottom plate 18, start discharging, solid-state reaction material drop on the bin 24 in rewinding chamber 11 realize once cooling, after solid-state reactants falls completely, start and support shedding mechanism rise crucible bottom plate 18, prepare the reinforced of next heat, first start pusher guiding mechanism 27, drive scraping wings 28 to feed opening 26 pushers, material is directly in the material collecting trolley 23 falling on material receiving desk 25, pusher is resetted, open the gate valve 14 between material receiving desk 25 and cooling chamber I 12, starting transmission mechanism is transferred to cooling chamber I 12 by loading material collecting trolley 23 to carry out secondary cooling, closing gate valve 14, open the gate valve II 30 between cooling chamber I 12 and cooling chamber II 29, startup transmission mechanism is transferred to cooling chamber II 29 by loading material collecting trolley 23 and carries out again cooling, closing gate valve II 30, after cooling completing, from discharge door 13 dischargings, thereby said process is realized continuous production again.

embodiment four:

As shown in Figure 9, vacuum furnace of the present utility model, comprises charging system, heating system, solid-state reactants treatment system and gaseous reactant treatment system, and concrete structure is as follows:

Solid-state reactants treatment system is provided with rewinding chamber 11, cooling chamber I 12 and exhaust pump II (not shown), rewinding chamber 11 is provided with bin 24, bin 24 is relative up and down with vacuum chamber 8, exhaust pump II is located in cooling chamber I 12, form the vacuum chamber structure of exhaust pump II to cooling chamber I 12 and 11 exhausts of rewinding chamber, in cooling chamber I 12, be provided with discharge door 13; In rewinding chamber 11, be provided with pusher, pusher comprises pusher guiding mechanism 27 and scraping wings 28, described pusher guiding mechanism 27 runs through rewinding chamber 11 sidewalls by telescopic guide post level and is connected with scraping wings 28, pusher guiding mechanism 27 drives scraping wings 28 left and right actions by the driving air cylinder driven guide post of its setting, mobilizable described scraping wings 28 is vertically arranged on bin 24, described rewinding chamber 11 is vertically connected by gate valve 14 with cooling chamber I 12, offers the feed opening 26 towards cooling chamber I 12 on bin 24;

Vacuum chamber 8 is communicated with vacuum unit 17 by vaccum exhaust outlet 10, vacuum chamber 8 with establish with its under rewinding chamber 11 relative up and down, form vertical vacuum heating material chamber and material flow passage structure;

Gaseous reactant treatment system is arranged between vaccum exhaust outlet 10 and vacuum unit 17, is provided with gas treatment chamber 15, and gas treatment chamber 15 one end are communicated with vaccum exhaust outlet 10 by gas outlet tube 16, and the other end is communicated with vacuum unit 17; On gas outlet tube 16, be provided with heat-insulation layer 39; Between vacuum unit 17 and gas collection chamber 15, be provided with filter 40.

In present embodiment, vacuum furnace operating process is as follows:

Start exhaust pump I to feed compartment 1 forvacuum, start vacuum unit 17 and exhaust pump II, by vacuum chamber 8, rewinding chamber 11 and 12 vacuum exhausts of cooling chamber I are after technological requirement, heater 5 energisings are warming up to technological temperature, open inlet valve 9, by feed compartment 1, material is added in crucible 7, heating material is decomposed or the reaction such as reduction, the gaseous reactant producing in heating process, by vaccum exhaust outlet 10 in gas outlet tube 16 enters gas treatment chamber 15, process and collect according to the character of gaseous reactant, the impurity that gas is carried secretly or dust are trapped in filter 40, after having heated, start support shedding mechanism and fall crucible bottom plate 18, start discharging, solid-state reaction material drop on the bin 24 in rewinding chamber 11 realize once cooling, after solid-state reactants falls completely, start and support shedding mechanism rise crucible bottom plate 18, prepare the reinforced of next heat, open the gate valve 14 between rewinding chamber 11 and cooling chamber I 12, starting pusher guiding mechanism 27 drives scraping wings 28 to feed opening 26 pushers, directly to falling into, in cooling chamber I 12, to carry out secondary cooling for material, pusher is resetted, closing gate valve 14, after cooling completing, from discharge door 13 dischargings, thereby said process is realized continuous production again.

embodiment five:

As shown in figure 10, vacuum furnace of the present utility model, comprise charging system, heating system, solid-state reactants treatment system, gaseous reactant treatment system and respectively with the joining control system of above-mentioned each system, concrete structure is as follows:

Heating system is also provided with Dao Liao mechanism, comprise that vertically disposed material guiding mechanism 35 and the fire tongs formula of smashing smash material pull bar 36, smash material guiding mechanism 35 by telescopic guide post vertically run through vacuum chamber upper cover 4 and with smash material pull bar 36 and be connected, smash the driving hydraulic oil cylinder driving guide post of material guiding mechanism 35 by its setting and drive to smash and expect pull bar 36 knee-actions;

Solid-state reactants treatment system is provided with rewinding chamber 11, cooling chamber I 12 and exhaust pump II (not shown), rewinding chamber 11 is provided with bin 24, bin 24 is relative up and down with vacuum chamber 8, exhaust pump II is located in cooling chamber I 12, form the vacuum chamber structure of exhaust pump II to cooling chamber I 12 and 11 exhausts of rewinding chamber, in cooling chamber I 12, be provided with discharge door 13; In rewinding chamber 11, be provided with pusher and Qing Liao mechanism, pusher comprises pusher guiding mechanism 27 and scraping wings 28, described pusher guiding mechanism 27 runs through rewinding chamber 11 sidewalls by telescopic guide post level and is connected with scraping wings 28, pusher guiding mechanism 27 drives scraping wings 28 left and right actions by the driving air cylinder driven guide post of its setting, mobilizable described scraping wings 28 is vertically arranged on bin 24, described rewinding chamber 11 is vertically connected by gate valve 14 with cooling chamber I 12, offers the feed opening 26 towards cooling chamber I 12 on bin 24; Qing Liao mechanism comprises horizontally disposed clear material guiding mechanism 37 and clear flitch 38, described clear material guiding mechanism 37 runs through rewinding chamber 11 sidewalls by telescopic guide post level and is connected with clear flitch 38, clear material guiding mechanism 37 drives clear flitch 38 left and right actions by the driving air cylinder driven guide post of its setting, and described clear flitch 38 is relative with the upper surface of crucible bottom plate 18 under discharging state;

Gaseous reactant treatment system is arranged between vaccum exhaust outlet 10 and vacuum unit 17, is provided with gas treatment chamber 15, and gas treatment chamber 15 one end are communicated with vaccum exhaust outlet 10 by gas outlet tube 16, and the other end is communicated with vacuum unit 17.

In present embodiment, vacuum furnace operating process is as follows:

Start exhaust pump I to feed compartment 1 forvacuum, start vacuum unit 17 and exhaust pump II, by vacuum chamber 8, rewinding chamber 11 and 12 vacuum exhausts of cooling chamber I after technological requirement, heater 5 energisings are warming up to technological temperature, open inlet valve 9, by feed compartment 1, material is added in crucible 7, heating material is decomposed or the reaction such as reduction, the gaseous reactant producing in heating process,, in gas outlet tube 16 enters gas treatment chamber 15, process and collect according to the character of gaseous reactant by vaccum exhaust outlet 10, after having heated, start support shedding mechanism and fall crucible bottom plate 18, start discharging, solid-state reaction material drop on the bin 24 in rewinding chamber 11, carry out once cooling, in the time that material no longer falls, Dao Liao mechanism starts automatically, smash material pull bar 36 turns over up and down under the driving of smashing material guiding mechanism 35, " adhere to " or the material of " bridge formation " drops on bin 24 completely, Dao Liao mechanism is resetted, Qing Liao mechanism starts automatically, clear flitch 38 promotes left and right under the driving of clear material guiding mechanism 37, the surplus material of the remnants on crucible bottom plate 18 is removed in cleaning, Qing Liao mechanism is resetted, after solid-state reactants falls completely, start and support shedding mechanism rise crucible bottom plate 18, prepare the reinforced of next heat, gate valve 14 between rewinding chamber 11 and cooling chamber I 12 is opened automatically, pusher guiding mechanism 27 drives scraping wings 28 to feed opening 26 pushers, directly to falling into, in cooling chamber I 12, to carry out secondary cooling for material, pusher is resetted, closing gate valve 14, after cooling completing, automatically from discharge door 13 dischargings, thereby said process is realized continuous production again.

In above-mentioned embodiment, embodiment one, embodiment two are applicable to only generate in solid material heating process the reaction of solid-state reactants or generation solid-state reactants and minute quantity gaseous reactant; Embodiment three is applicable to generate in the decomposition of heat solid raw material or reduction process the reaction of solid-state reactants and gaseous reactant simultaneously to embodiment five.

embodiment 1:heating in vacuum is decomposed molybdenum concntrate and is produced metal molybdenum powder

Raw material: brightness molybdenum concntrate, Mo 57.58%

Equipment: adopt the vacuum furnace shown in Fig. 7, feed compartment arranges reinforced ball valve, heater adopts microwave applicator, the circular inner diameter φ 1200mm of vacuum chamber body, between crucible and heater, fill two-layer refractory material, water-cooling sandwich is established in square rewinding chamber, the long 1100mm of horizontal cooling chamber, and gas treatment chamber is established multi-layer vacuum heat exchange cover; Be equipped with feed compartment exhaust pump, cooling chamber exhaust pump and Roots vacuum system; Crucible adopts the heat-resisting material of tungsten system, and material collecting trolley adopts Q235A steel matter.

Implementation process is:

1, get the raw materials ready: raw material brightness molybdenum concntrate powder is mixed with modified starch, and making granularity is the spherical or block of 5 ~ 15mm, dry, add feed bin, by feed compartment forvacuum;

2, heating in vacuum: vacuum chamber vacuumizing and exhausting, vacuum 5 ~ 100Pa, heats up 1400 ~ 1700 DEG C, reinforced, and, there is decomposition reaction MoS in insulation 40 ~ 120min ₂(s)=Mo (s)+S ₂(g);

3, gas collection: sulphur steam enters gas treatment chamber, in process chamber, condensation cured is solid sulphur powder;

4, solid material is collected: reaction finishes, discharging, and remaining solid material is that molybdenum powder is collected in material collecting trolley, starts the reinforced of next heat and heating in vacuum operation, after the molybdenum powder of collection is cooled to below 200 DEG C in cooling chamber, by discharge door discharging.

Result of implementation: equipment takes up an area 260m ², 480kg molybdenum concntrate/heat, 6 hours production cycles, average molybdenum powder purity 98.62%; Collect sulphur simultaneously.

comparative example 1:heating in vacuum is decomposed molybdenum concntrate and is produced metal molybdenum powder

Raw material: brightness molybdenum concntrate, Mo 57.58%

Equipment: adopt the five semicontinuous vacuum furnaces in Room, comprise feed compartment, preheating chamber, heating clamber, cooling chamber and discharge chamber, the equal square structure in each chamber, laterally connect and isolation by gate valve, heating clamber effective dimensions is 1200mm × 600mm × 500mm, preheating chamber and heating clamber are equipped with microwave applicator, and cooling chamber is established water-cooling sandwich, heating clamber peripheral hardware sulphur steam treatment district; Be equipped with feed compartment exhaust pump, preheating chamber exhaust pump, cooling chamber exhaust pump, discharge chamber exhaust pump and Roots vacuum system; Crucible and truck all adopt the heat-resisting material of tungsten system.

Implementation process is:

1, get the raw materials ready: raw material brightness molybdenum concntrate powder is mixed with modified starch, and making granularity is the spherical or block of 5 ~ 15mm, dry, add truck to be placed in feed compartment, forvacuum;

2, preheating: truck passes on into preheating chamber, is preheated to 700 ~ 800 DEG C;

3, add thermal decomposition: truck passes on into heating clamber, vacuum 5 ~ 100Pa,, there is decomposition reaction MoS in 1400 ~ 1700 DEG C of insulation 40 ~ 120min ₂(s)=Mo (s)+S ₂(g), sulphur steam enters treatment region, and condensation cured is solid sulphur powder;

4, cooling: reaction finishes, and the truck that is loaded with molybdenum powder is passed on into cooling chamber, cools;

5, discharging: truck passes on into discharge chamber, is cooled to 200 DEG C of following molybdenum powders, with truck by discharge door discharging.

Result of implementation: equipment takes up an area 480m ², 480kg molybdenum concntrate/heat, 19 hours production cycles, average molybdenum powder purity 98.50%; Collect sulphur simultaneously.

Claims

1. a vacuum furnace, is characterized in that: comprise charging system, heating system, solid-state reactants treatment system;

Described charging system is provided with feed space (1), exhaust pump I and inlet valve (9), described feed space (1) is positioned at the top of the vacuum chamber (8) of vertical, between feed space (1) and vacuum chamber (8), described inlet valve (9) is set, form the vacuum feed chamber structure of exhaust pump I to feed space (1) forvacuum, the vacuum chamber structure that described feed space (1) carries out forvacuum for the added material of subtend vacuum chamber (8);

Described solid-state reactants treatment system is provided with exhaust pump II, rewinding chamber (11), form the exhaust pump II vacuum chamber structure to the exhaust of solid-state reactants treatment system, described rewinding chamber (11) for the material being flowed out by vacuum chamber (8) material runner is collected, cooling vacuum chamber structure;

Described heating system is provided with the vertical crucible (7) of band heater (5), described crucible (7) and heater (5) are mounted in vacuum chamber body (3), crucible (7) inner chamber forms the vacuum chamber (8) that added material is carried out to heating in vacuum and vacuum heat-preserving, crucible (7) top is provided with vacuum chamber upper cover (4), crucible (7) bottom is provided with crucible bottom plate (18), described crucible bottom plate (18) top is for to kiss with vacuum chamber (8) piston structure coordinating, described crucible bottom plate (18) is also provided with the support shedding mechanism that can make it move up and down, form piston type crucible bottom plate structure, described vacuum chamber (8) is communicated with vacuum unit (17) by vaccum exhaust outlet (10), described vacuum chamber (8) be located at rewinding chamber (11) under it and coordinate up and down relatively, form vacuum material heated chamber and material flow passage structure, under the discharging state moving down at described crucible bottom plate (18), the space between crucible bottom plate (18) and rewinding chamber (11) forms blanking channel (41).

2. a kind of vacuum furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described support shedding mechanism is provided with moving guiding mechanism I (19) and moving guiding mechanism II (20), described moving guiding mechanism I (19) and moving guiding mechanism II (20) are respectively by telescopic guide post I (21), guide post II (22) vertically runs through rewinding chamber (11) upper wall, described crucible bottom plate (18) is connected with guide post II (22) with described guide post I (21) and can moves up and down with it, form described piston type crucible bottom plate structure.

3. a kind of vacuum furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the lower horizontal at described vacuum chamber (8) top, vaccum exhaust outlet (10) is provided with cellular board (32), described cellular board (32) is provided with material channel (33) and gas passage (34).

4. a kind of vacuum furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described heating system is provided with Dao Liao mechanism, described Dao Liao mechanism comprises vertically disposedly smashes material guiding mechanism (35) and fire tongs formula is smash material pull bar (36), described in smash material guiding mechanism (35) and vertically run through vacuum chamber upper cover (4) and expect that pull bar (36) is connected with smashing by telescopic guide post.

5. a kind of vacuum furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described rewinding chamber (11), be provided with Qing Liao mechanism, described Qing Liao mechanism comprises horizontally disposed clear material guiding mechanism (37) and clear flitch (38), described clear material guiding mechanism (37) runs through rewinding chamber (11) sidewall by telescopic guide post level and is connected with clear flitch (38), and described clear flitch (38) is relative with the upper surface of crucible bottom plate (18) under discharging state.

6. a kind of vacuum furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: between described vaccum exhaust outlet (10) and vacuum unit (17), be also provided with gaseous reactant treatment system, described gaseous reactant treatment system is provided with gas treatment chamber (15), gas treatment chamber (15) one end is communicated with vaccum exhaust outlet (10) by gas outlet tube (16), and the other end is communicated with vacuum unit (17).

7. a kind of vacuum furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described solid-state reactants treatment system is provided with material collecting trolley (23) and cooling chamber I (12), between rewinding chamber (11) and cooling chamber I (12), be laterally connected by gate valve (14), described exhaust pump II is located in cooling chamber I (12), form the vacuum chamber structure of exhaust pump II to cooling chamber I (12) and rewinding chamber (11) exhaust, in rewinding chamber (11) and cooling chamber I (12), be provided with transmission mechanism, or described solid-state reactants treatment system is provided with material collecting trolley (23) and is provided with cooling chamber I (12) and cooling chamber II (29) simultaneously, between rewinding chamber (11) and cooling chamber I (12), be laterally connected by gate valve (14), between cooling chamber I (12) and cooling chamber II (29), be laterally connected by gate valve II (30), described exhaust pump II is located in cooling chamber II (29), form exhaust pump II to cooling chamber II (29), the vacuum chamber structure of cooling chamber I (12) and rewinding chamber (11) exhaust, in rewinding chamber (11), in cooling chamber I (12) and cooling chamber II (29), be equipped with transmission mechanism, it is interior and relative up and down with vacuum chamber (8) that material collecting trolley under discharging state (23) is placed in rewinding chamber (11).

8. a kind of vacuum furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described solid-state reactants treatment system is also provided with material collecting trolley (23), pusher and cooling chamber I (12), described exhaust pump II is located in cooling chamber I (12), form the vacuum chamber structure of exhaust pump II to cooling chamber I (12) and rewinding chamber (11) exhaust, in cooling chamber I (12), be provided with transmission mechanism, or described solid-state reactants treatment system is also provided with material collecting trolley (23), pusher is also provided with cooling chamber I (12) and cooling chamber II (29) simultaneously, described exhaust pump II is located in cooling chamber II (29), form exhaust pump II to cooling chamber II (29), the vacuum chamber structure of cooling chamber I (12) and rewinding chamber (11) exhaust, between cooling chamber I (12) and cooling chamber II (29), be laterally connected by gate valve II (30), in cooling chamber I (12) and cooling chamber II (29), be provided with transmission mechanism, described rewinding chamber (11) is provided with bin (24) and the material receiving desk (25) lower than bin (24), described bin (24) is relative up and down with vacuum chamber (8), described material receiving desk (25) is laterally connected by gate valve (14) with cooling chamber I (12), in material receiving desk (25), be provided with transmission mechanism, on described bin (24), offer the feed opening (26) towards material receiving desk (25), under discharging state, it is upper and relative with feed opening (26) that material collecting trolley (23) is placed in material receiving desk (25), described pusher comprises pusher guiding mechanism (27) and scraping wings (28), described pusher guiding mechanism (27) runs through rewinding chamber (11) sidewall by telescopic guide post level and is connected with scraping wings (28), and mobilizable described scraping wings (28) is vertically arranged on bin (24).

9. a kind of vacuum furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described solid-state reactants treatment system is also provided with pusher and cooling chamber I (12), described rewinding chamber (11) is provided with bin (24), described bin (24) is relative up and down with vacuum chamber (8), it is upper that described exhaust pump II is located at cooling chamber I (12), forms the vacuum chamber structure of exhaust pump II to cooling chamber I (12) and rewinding chamber (11) exhaust; Described pusher comprises pusher guiding mechanism (27) and scraping wings (28), described pusher guiding mechanism (27) runs through rewinding chamber (11) sidewall by telescopic guide post level and is connected with scraping wings (28), mobilizable described scraping wings (28) is vertically arranged on bin (24), described rewinding chamber (11) is vertically connected by gate valve (14) with cooling chamber I (12), offers the feed opening (26) towards cooling chamber I (12) on bin (24).

10. according to a kind of vacuum furnace described in the arbitrary claim of claim 7-9, it is characterized in that: in described rewinding chamber (11) or cooling chamber I (12), be provided with heat transferring medium entrance (31).