CN206207993U - Multifunctional box resistance furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is multifunctional box resistance furnace, solves the problems, such as that existing resistance furnace heating element life is short, insulating is difficult in maintenance and workpiece surface is aoxidized.Vacuum heat-insulating layer（5）Vacuumized by heat-resisting steel sheet and plate group postwelding and be made；The heating tube of closing（2）Positioned at furnace bottom 1, furnace roof and burner hearth surrounding, its end（17）By furnace wall（4）On heating plate connecting hole fix, heating tube enters burner hearth through body of heater, and heating tube is built with multiple U-shaped resistance wires（15）, by insulating ceramic support（16）Separated, there are resistance wire terminals on each heating tube end（18）With protective gas air inlet and gas outlet（19）, protection gas is flowed into from the first heating tube air inlet, then exits into the second heating tube air inlet from the first heating tube gas outlet, and all heating tubes are connected into an entirety by protective gas gateway by that analogy；During heating, by the feeding device on furnace roof（6）Gas access（20）To protection gas is passed through in burner hearth, finally by top gas exhaust port（24）Discharge.

Description

Multifunctional box resistance furnace

Technical field：

The utility model is related to multifunctional box resistance furnace, be particularly suitable for each metalloid material of requirement through solution treatment, quench The few antivacuum heat treatment of the heat treatment rear oxidation layer such as fire treatment, temper or annealing, while being also applied for zero The thermo-chemical treatments such as the case-carbonizing and nitriding of part.

Background technology：

Heat treatment is material potential to be given full play to during engineering goods are manufactured, ensured machine components inherent quality and life-span, carried The very crucial operation of high product class, is also the key link place for improving Mechatronic market competitiveness.However, China The energy and resource utilization of heat treatment industry are low.On the one hand, furnace lining amount of stored heat is big, furnace wall temperature rise, and radiation loss is big, insulation Hydraulic performance decline is obvious；On the other hand, equipment itself is clumsy and consume the unnecessary energy, and these waste heats, used heat are not obtained Recycle；Accordingly, it would be desirable to continue to develop advanced technological equipment.

Advanced technological equipment is the carrier of Advanced Heat Treatment Technologies, and depend on science and technology efficient innovation research and development, energy-conservation and ring The Equipment for Heating Processing of guarantor is the certainty of technological progress.In heat treatment technics is modernized, less, non-oxidation be that it is crucial.By control Heat treatment oven cavity atmosphere, it is possible to achieve low or non oxidizing and without increasing, decarburization heating, make workpiece surface bright and clean, and without chemical composition Change.Meanwhile, also dependent on the surface composition and product quality of the various thermo-chemical treatment workpiece of demand modeling.

Although current thermal treatment equipment using new materials such as the small alumina silicate fibres of high temperature resistant, specific heat capacity as heat-insulation layer, The heat storage capacity of itself is greatly reduced, heat loss is reduced, the thermal efficiency is improved.But it is constituted and using still suffering from problems with：

1st, heating alloying element cannot avoid oxidation：

Conventional heating alloying element material is FeCrAl and FeCrNi at present, although alloy heating element heater all has preferable Inoxidizability, but long-term when using at high operating temperatures, surface is continued aging by the oxide-film that Al and Ni elements participate in generation And destruction, layer oxide film is regenerated after destruction, then repeatedly original size of heating element heater can so be gradually reduced, constantly Al the and Ni elements for determining the performance indications such as resistivity and temperature-coefficient of electrical resistance are consumed, so as to reduce heating efficiency and work Efficiency, accelerates oxidation, shortens service life, ultimately increases production cost.Especially in 1000 DEG C or more long-term heating When, above-mentioned phenomenon is more prominent.

2nd, insulating need to further improve：

Existing insulating is composited using clay brick, insulating brick and fiber etc., although improved to a certain extent The heat storage performance of equipment, but during its normal work casing temperature is still between 60 ~ 80 DEG C, and its energy-saving effect is not obvious.Separately Outward, the installation of existing insulating changes cumbersome, and there is consumption resource, equipment clumsiness and increase the weak points such as cost.

3rd, piece surface oxidation is serious and cannot avoid：

Oven cavity atmosphere is air when common chamber type electric resistance furnace works, and workpiece surface generation oxide skin, especially right after heat treatment In middle, high-carbon material, high temperature can even produce the up to oxide skin of 0.3 ~ 0.5mm and Automatic-falling after quenching.One side oxygen Change after skin comes off and pollute burner hearth, also there is short-circuit hidden danger when touching resistance wire, it is therefore desirable to timely clearing furnace, and oxide skin Collection treatment also face environmental issue；Most importantly workpiece size changes because of the generation of oxide skin, after increased The difficulty of continuous processing.Although salt bath furnace treatment can obviously reduce workpiece surface problem of oxidation, the Nacl that salt bath furnace is used Also unavoidable environmental pollution and human injury is caused.

4th, cannot precise control hardening heat：

There is a certain distance between common heat treatment stove and quenching tank to be quenched, it is necessary to move to workpiece using lifting appliance Fiery groove carries out Quenching Treatment again, and workpiece is also not easy to operator when being in the condition of high temperature and approaches, and causes workpiece to be come out of the stove time mistake It is long and cannot precise control, can not finally realize that precise control is cooled down by heated work pieces, make product quality with workpiece size and shape The change of shape and fluctuate larger.

5th, oven door sealing reduction after long-term use：

Arcuately track movement when the fire door of common heat treatment stove is lifted, when close to closed mode, fire door can be pasted slowly Nearly stove gate is simultaneously just fitted and is sealed completely with after its segment distance of sliding friction one, and after long-term use, fire door is contacted with stove gate Position serious wear, cause its sealing and heat insulating ability to decline, parts need to be changed when serious.

Utility model content：

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of heating element life long, energy-conservation and easy maintenance, avoids the table of workpiece Face oxidation, the multifunctional box resistance furnace for realizing multi-use.

What the utility model was realized in：

The burner hearth and furnace shell that body of heater is made up of furnace bottom 1, furnace roof, vacuum heat-insulating layer 5, furnace wall 4 are constituted, vacuum heat-insulating layer 5 In furnace shell inwall and above and below, vacuumized by heat-resisting steel sheet and plate group postwelding and be made, the heating tube 2 of closing is located on furnace bottom 1 and burner hearth Side, its end 17 is fixed by the heating plate connecting hole on furnace wall 4, and heating tube 2 enters burner hearth through body of heater, closing plus Heat pipe is separated built with multiple U-shaped resistance wires 15 by insulating ceramic support 16, has resistance on each heating tube end 17 Silk terminals 18 and protective gas air inlet and gas outlet 19, protection gas are flowed into from the first heating tube air inlet, from the first heating Pipe gas outlet exits into the second heating tube air inlet, and all heating tubes are connected into by protective gas gateway by that analogy One entirety, make protection gas from last heating tube outflow after reclaim or directly discharge, ultimately form one closing have The heating system of gas is protected, work is ensured to protection gas is passed through in burner hearth by positioned at the gas access 20 of feeding device on furnace roof 6 Few, non-oxidation during the part condition of high temperature, under the purging effect of fan 7, makes to protect gas agitating in stove and in flow regime, in stove Protection gas discharged by top gas exhaust port 24.

Feeding device 6 has cooling water outlet and inlet 21,22.

There is fire door 8 burner hearth side, and there are quenching tank 11 and driver plate 9 in fire door outside, and workpiece or workpiece frame are placed on driver plate 9 On, transmission wooden handcart 9 is supported on the second roller 10 on lifting platform, and driver plate 9 is pushed to stove gate, burner hearth by the second roller 10 Inside there is transmission device 3, transmission device 3 is the roller of high temperature resistant first of fixed position.First roller and the second roller are in same water In plane, the transmission device 3 that workpiece or workpiece frame will be transferred in stove when continuing forward impelling from stove gate from driver plate 9 On, workpiece is entirely enclosed in finally by stove inner driver.When coming out of the stove, workpiece or workpiece frame are passed through into stove in the manner described above Inner driver is pulled and is transferred on driver plate, and lifting platform centre position is slided into by driver plate 9, last located baffle plate 23 Effect stop at lifting platform.

There is fixed pulley the upper end of quenching tank 11, and the piston outer end that outer wall has oil cylinder, oil cylinder is fixed by connecting rod with movable pulley 13 Connection, lifting platform has that roller and the inwall of quenching tank 11 are dynamic to be coordinated, and one end of chain 12 is connected with the outer wall of quenching tank 11, the other end around Fixed pulley, movable pulley 13 is crossed to be connected with lifting platform.Movable pulley is driven at the uniform velocity to move up and down by the at the uniform velocity variation of piston during work, The operation for completing turnover quenching tank is moved up and down eventually through chain-driving lifting platform.

Burner hearth side has fire door 8 to be connected with lowering or hoisting gear, and dynamic with two side rails to coordinate, lowering or hoisting gear is hydraulic pressure or pneumatic dress Put, when closing fire door 8, fire door 8 is vertically dropped to and bottom along the side rails of fire door two by the first hydraulic pressure or pneumatic means first The seat board of the roller 14 in portion is completely attached to, and is further continued for by the second hydraulic pressure or pneumatic means in the case where the rolling support of roller 14 is acted on By fire door Level Promoting, it is finally set to be brought into close contact with stove gate.When opening fire door, otherwise then.

The utility model rationally devises resistance wire arrangement, is placed in the good protection pipe of thermal conductivity, then will protection Pipe is arranged on suitable heating position, inert nitrogen gas are passed through in most backward protection pipe, it is to avoid resistance wire oxidation, especially exists Under 1000 DEG C or more of the condition of high temperature, the primary characteristic of resistance wire is not only ensure that, and extend service life, reduced Use cost, has substantially delayed the problem of brittle fracture after applied at elevated temperature to a certain extent.

Furnace bottom remains a small amount of refractory brick for load-bearing, eliminates original insulating, uses double-layer vacuum furnace shell Substitute, be airtight vacuum between double-deck furnace shell, insulation is thermally shielded using vacuum furnace shell, on the one hand economize on resources and control into This, on the other hand ensure that stove has more preferable heat insulation and preservation effect in itself.During such as power for 60KW, size of burner hearth is The Multifunction heat-treatment furnace of 1000mm × 600mm × 600mm can be heated to 1000 DEG C within 3 hours from room temperature, Casing temperature is about 50 DEG C during normal work.The method ensure vacuum layer it is closed it is good on the premise of, without changing and repairing, Furthermore achieved that the purpose of energy-conservation and easy maintenance.

Multifunctional box resistance furnace of the present utility model, an air inlet and exhaust outlet are increased in roof of the furnace, work When be passed through nitrogen or other inert gases from air inlet, original air is all discharged from exhaust outlet after ventilation certain hour, most Realize that oven cavity atmosphere protects gas for inertia eventually.The addition of protection gas not only avoids the surface oxidation problem of workpiece, also solves completely The deficiency determined during using salt bath furnace.Further, in order to ensure being always nitrogen atmosphere in burner hearth, by controlling nitrogen pressure Power, finally makes burner hearth be in slight positive pressure state.

On the other hand, equipment is used instead in the processing procedure such as carburizing and nitriding using the air inlet of design.Such as in air inlet Mouth is passed through the nitridings such as ammonia or carburizing raw material, carries out the treatment such as surface carburization to workpiece in the state of burner hearth pressure-fired is ensured. Realize the purpose of multi-use.

To solve the problems, such as that existing equipment is come out of the stove quenching, the utility model quenching tank in fire door envisaged underneath goes out Workpiece after stove is directly entered quenching tank by the lifting platform that hydraulic means is controlled, and whole quenching process is realized mechanically actuated, kept away The manually operated time uncertainty for bringing is exempted from, has effectively controlled the time of coming out of the stove and workpiece surface temperature, further accurate control Product quality is made.The hydraulic means can also be replaced with pneumatic means, and effect both it is suitable.

Fire door lifting process is optimized improvement by the utility model, is vertically dropped fire door by pneumatically or hydraulically device Fall, then by pneumatically or hydraulically device Level Promoting, until fire door is brought into close contact with doorway, it is to avoid in fire door lifting process with The sliding friction of stove gate, it is ensured that parts keep good sealing and heat insulating ability for a long time.

Utility model multifunctional box resistance furnace as described above, extends service life on the basis of existing equipment, Expand and use scope, precise control Technology for Heating Processing improves product quality, significantly reduces artificial manipulation strength and carries The security that equipment high is used.Meanwhile, equipment use cost and energy utilization rate are also effectively controlled, furthermore achieved that section The purpose of energy, environmental protection and mechanized operation.

Brief description of the drawings：

Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is vacuum drying oven insulation system schematic diagram.

Fig. 4 is heating-pipe structure schematic diagram.

Fig. 5 is the right view of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is gas feeding apparatus structure chart.

Fig. 7 is lifting platform schematic diagram.

Fig. 8 is the top view of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is quenching tank schematic diagram.

Figure 10 is body of heater top layout schematic diagram.

Specific embodiment：

It is as shown in Figures 1 to 10 the main structural components of multifunctional box resistance furnace of the present utility model, remaining zero Part is being structurally and functionally the same with existing chamber type electric resistance furnace.Not attached diagram herein.

The vacuum thermal insulation system of the utility model multifunctional box resistance furnace is by furnace bottom 1, vacuum heat-insulating layer 5, the and of furnace wall 4 Furnace shell is constituted, and the refractory brick of furnace wall is mainly used in anticollision, and the refractory brick of furnace bottom is mainly used in load-bearing.Vacuum heat-insulating layer 5 is by resistance to Hot steel plate group postwelding vacuumizes realization.The end 17 of heating tube 2 of closing is fixed by the heating plate connecting hole on furnace wall afterwards, Heating tube 2 enters burner hearth through vacuum every system.The heating tube of closing built with multiple U-shaped resistance wires 15, in order to avoid resistance Silk is contacted with each other, and is separated by insulating ceramic support 16, and suitable number is installed in bottom and side finally according to burner hearth size The closing heating tube of amount.

Install after heating tube, have resistance wire terminals 18 and protective gas gateway on each heating tube end 17 19, protection gas is flowed into from first heating tube air inlet, exit into second heating tube from first heating tube gas outlet Air inlet, is connected into an entirety by the protective gas gateway of all heating tubes by that analogy, make protection gas from last Reclaimed after heating tube outflow or directly discharged.Ultimately form a heating system with protection gas of closing.Heating system is opened Before dynamic, suitably a period of time opens protection gas to the total length according to protection air pipe in advance, treats gas by the sky in whole system Power-on is heated after air-blowing is swept completely, resistive heater is worked under protective atmosphere all the time, is solved The drawbacks of stating oxidized zone and come.If during distant between heating tube or more heating tube, can also form several single heating System, protection gas is entered in each heating system from diverse location respectively by shunting.

During burner hearth heats up, gas access 20 is passed through to protection gas, protection gas is passed through in burner hearth by feeding device 6 Into burner hearth, under the purging effect of fan 7, make to protect gas agitating in stove and in flow regime, while having using gas Obvious phenomenon of expanding with heat and contract with cold, on the premise of inlet air flow stabilization is ensured, furnace inner gas pressure will be above outside stove, make to be protected in stove Shield gas is in slight positive pressure state, and in order to consider that protection gas atmosphere is always in safety and stove, the protection gas in stove passes through steam vent 24 discharges（Shown in Figure 10）.Interface 21 and 22 is cooling water outlet and inlet, if former using liquid when being mainly in view of carburizing or nitriding Material, the debris such as carbon distribution are being formed during entering in stove because temperature is raised, and finally block feeding device, and now cooling water is used It is in below flash-point without forming tamper in liquid material is maintained.If carrying out nitriding using other gas raw materials such as ammonia, oozing When carbon etc. is surface-treated, then in the absence of clogging.

When workpiece enters stove, fire door 8 is opened, workpiece or workpiece frame are placed on driver plate 9, then by the support on lifting platform Stove gate is pushed to length extension device 10, now, workpiece or workpiece frame are passed from the transmission device 3 that driver plate 9 is transferred in stove Dynamic device 3 is fixed high temperature resistant roller.Heat treated part is entirely enclosed in finally by stove inner driver.When coming out of the stove, press Workpiece is transferred on driver plate by stove inner driver according to aforesaid way, lifting platform interposition is slided into by driver plate 9 Put, the effect of last located baffle plate 23 stops at lifting platform.

When closing fire door 8, fire door 8 is vertically dropped to and bottom along the side rails of fire door two by hydraulic pressure or pneumatic means first The back-up roller wheel 14 in portion is completely attached to, and is further continued for by another group of hydraulic pressure or pneumatic means in the case where the rolling support of roller 14 is acted on By fire door Level Promoting, it is finally set to be brought into close contact with stove gate.When opening fire door, otherwise then.

When workpiece need not quench, directly removed using lifting appliances such as drivings.If desired during quenching cooling, then exist Make in the presence of hydraulic means pulley 13 on the outer wall guide rail of quenching tank 11 at the uniform velocity on move, while lifting platform can be by driving chain 12 uniform descents carry out quenching cooling to quenching tank 11.During rising then pulley 13 along guide rail uniform descent, lifting platform then pass through chain Bar 12 is at the uniform velocity risen on quenching tank.Now, the whole quenching process of workpiece is completed.In whole process, the length of chain Degree determines the extreme position that lifting platform is moved up and down.

It is above-mentioned come out of the stove mode and come out of the stove using in hydraulic pressure and chain at the uniform velocity lifting work-piece to quenching liquid, having efficiently controlled and The operating time of quenching, by time control, workpiece can be better controled over and come out of the stove and hardening heat, further accurate hot place Science and engineering skill.

In addition, in the body of heater top design shown in Figure 10 thermometer hole 25 and carbon determination gesture hole 26, for controlling in-furnace temperature And carbon potential.Configuring the switch board of existing heat-treatment furnace is used for the Multifunction that the technology controlling and process such as programming are capable of achieving efficient energy-saving Heat treatment process.

This illustrate only structure and principle that small size single stage quenches using new multifunctional box resistance furnace, if desired increase Plus size of burner hearth and the multistage quenching of realization, those skilled in the art can be by adjusting and increasing heating tube, exhaust, fan, work The devices such as part automatic conveyor, grade quench groove and structure are realized.

Claims (5)

1. multifunctional box resistance furnace, it is characterised in that body of heater is by furnace bottom（1）, furnace roof, vacuum heat-insulating layer（5）, furnace wall（4）Constitute Burner hearth and furnace shell composition, vacuum heat-insulating layer（5）Positioned at all inwalls of furnace shell and above and below, taken out very by heat-resisting steel sheet and plate group postwelding Sky is made, the heating tube of closing（2）Positioned at furnace bottom, furnace roof and burner hearth side, its heating tube end（17）By on furnace wall Heating plate connecting hole is fixed, and heating tube enters burner hearth through body of heater, and heating tube is built with multiple U-shaped resistance wires（15）, by exhausted Edge ceramic support（16）Separated, there are resistance wire terminals on each heating tube end（18）With protective gas air inlet and go out Gas port（19）, protection gas is flowed into from the first heating tube air inlet, then exits into the second heating tube from the first heating tube gas outlet All heating tubes are connected into an entirety by air inlet by protective gas air inlet/outlet by that analogy, make protection gas from last Reclaimed after one heating tube outflow or directly discharged, ultimately form a heating system with protection gas of closing, during heating, By the feeding device on furnace roof（6）Gas access（20）To protection gas is passed through in burner hearth, there is fan 7 to make stove on furnace roof Interior protection gas agitating is simultaneously in flow regime, and the protection gas in stove passes through top gas exhaust port（24）Discharge.

2. multifunctional box resistance furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that feeding device（6）There is cooling water outlet and inlet （21、22）.

3. multifunctional box resistance furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that there is fire door burner hearth side（8）, outside fire door There is quenching tank side（11）And driver plate（9）, workpiece or workpiece frame be placed on driver plate, and driver plate is supported in second on lifting platform Roller（10）On, driver plate is pushed to stove gate by the second roller, there is transmission device in burner hearth（3）, transmission device（3）It is fixation The roller of high temperature resistant first of position, the first roller and the second roller in same level, workpiece or workpiece frame from stove gate after Will be complete by workpiece finally by stove inner driver from the transmission device that driver plate is transferred in stove during continuous forward impelling Load, when coming out of the stove, workpiece or workpiece frame are slided by stove inner driver be transferred on driver plate in the manner described above, pass through Driver plate slides into lifting platform centre position, last located baffle plate（23）Effect stop at lifting platform.

4. multifunctional box resistance furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that quenching tank（11）There is fixed pulley upper end, outward The piston outer end that wall has oil cylinder, oil cylinder passes through connecting rod and movable pulley（13）It is fixedly connected, roller and the quenching tank inwall of lifting platform It is dynamic to coordinate, chain（12）One end fixed with quenching tank outer wall, the other end bypass fixed pulley, movable pulley and lifting platform connection.

5. multifunctional box resistance furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that there is fire door burner hearth side（8）Filled with lifting Connection is put, dynamic with two side rails to coordinate, lowering or hoisting gear is hydraulic pressure or pneumatic means, when closing fire door, first by the first hydraulic pressure Or fire door vertically to be dropped to pneumatic means the roller with bottom along the side rails of fire door two（14）Completely attach to, be further continued for by the Two hydraulic pressure or pneumatic means are in roller（14）Rolling support effect under by fire door Level Promoting, finally make it tight with stove gate Laminating, when opening fire door, otherwise then.