CN203892051U - Horizontally-opposed thermodynamic device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a horizontally-opposed thermodynamic device. The device comprises a heat collector, a heat preserving pipe, a gasification reactor, an atomizer, a cylinder, a piston, a piston ring, an automatic exhaust valve, a cooler, a liquid storing tank, a pressure valve, a connecting rod, a heat preserving layer, a housing, a flywheel and a crankshaft; the cylinder is horizontally oppositely arranged on the housing in an angle of 180 degrees by a crankshaft-centered manner; the piston equipped with the piston ring is arranged in the cylinder and connected with the connecting rod; the connecting rod, the crankshaft and the flywheel are connected in sequence. With the adoption of the horizontally-opposed thermodynamic device, working mediums can be recycled, and no pollution is caused; the conservation efficiency of heat energy reaches 65 to 98%; the output power can be adjusted; the output power can also be adjusted by adjusting the injection within the maximum power range; the machine is simple in structure and small in manufacturing cost, enables the energy loss to be lowered down by utilizing the automatic exhaust function, and is also high in economic benefit, energy-saving, environmentally friendly, small in noise, low in gravity center, small in vibration, and high in stability.

Description

A kind of horizontal opposition type thermal powerplant

Technical field

The utility model belongs to thermal powerplant field, especially utilizes solar energy, underground heat, high-temperature gas, engine thermal energy or the tail gas of inflammable matter burning generation, the thermal power transfer such as high-temperature gas of factory's discharge become the power machine of kinetic energy.

Background technique

Traditional power equipment has steamer, internal-combustion engine, external-combustion engine.

Steamer: be unable to do without boiler, whole device is heaviness but also huge not only; The pressure and temperature of initial steam can not be too high, and exhaust pressure can not be too low, and the thermal efficiency is difficult to improve; It is a kind of reciprocator, inertia confinement the raising of rotating speed; Working procedure is discontinuous, and the flow of steam is restricted, and has also just limited the raising of power.

Internal-combustion engine: complex structure, higher to demanded fuel, the cleanliness of fuel is required strictly to environmental pollution.

External-combustion engine, if Stirling engine is wherein a kind of, Stirling engine and internal-combustion engine relatively possess following advantage:

Be applicable to the various energy, no matter be liquid, gaseous state or solid-state fuel, when adopting heat-carrying system (as heat pipe) indirect heating, almost can use any high temperature heat source (solar energy radioisotope and nuclear reaction etc.), and motor itself (except heater) does not need to do any change.Stirling engine, without compressor boost, uses general blower fan to meet the demands, and allows fuel to have higher impurity content simultaneously; Stirling engine single-machine capacity is little, and unit capacity is from 20-50kw, the increase and decrease power system capacity that can suit measures to local conditions; Simple in structure, number of components is fewer 40% than internal-combustion engine, and room for price-cut is large; Maintenance cost is low.

Stirling engine is when operation, due to continuous burning in the firing chamber of fuel outside cylinder, the working medium that is independent of combustion gas is absorbed heat by heater, and press Stirling circulation and externally do work, therefore avoid pinking acting and the intermittent combustion process of similar internal-combustion engine, thereby realized efficient, low noise and low emission operation.Efficient: overall energetic efficiency reaches more than 80%; Low noise: at the bottom of 1 meter of bare machine noise in 68dBA; Low emission: exhaust emissions reaches Europe 5 standards.

Because working medium is not burnt, external-combustion engine has been avoided the quick-fried acting problem of the shake of traditional combustion engine, thereby has realized high efficiency, low noise, low pollution and low operating cost.The external-combustion engine various inflammable gass that can burn, as rock gas, biogas, petroleum gas, hydrogen, coal gas etc., the also liquid fuel such as incendivity diesel oil, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), can also burn wood, and utilizes solar energy etc.As long as hot chamber reaches 700 ℃, the equipment operation of can doing work, ambient temperature is lower, and generating efficiency is higher.The advantage of external-combustion engine maximum is to exert oneself not affected by altitude with efficiency, is very suitable for high altitude localities and uses.

Simultaneously Stirling engine remain subject matter and shortcoming be: manufacture cost is higher, and working medium sealing technique is more difficult, and reliability and the life-span of Sealing also have problems, and cost of material is high, and power adjustments control system is more complicated, and machine is comparatively heavy; The cost of expansion chamber, pressing chamber, heater, cooling chamber, regenerator etc. is high, and heat loss is 2-3 times of explosive motor etc.

Organic rankine cycle system comprises pump, vaporizer, decompressor, generator, condenser etc.Heat collector absorbs solar irradiance, and in heat collector, heat exchange medium temperature raises, and heat transferring medium is passed to organic working medium by vaporizer heat.Organic working medium is level pressure heating in vaporizer, and the gaseous state organic working medium of high pressure enters decompressor expansion acting, drives generator generating; The organic working medium that decompressor afterbody is discharged enters level pressure condensation in condenser, and the organic working medium of condensator outlet enters vaporizer and completes power generation cycle one time after pump pressurization.

Organic rankine cycle system exists conversion efficiency not high, and volume is large, need to be by baroque decompressor acting.

Pancake engine, engine piston is evenly distributed in bent axle both sides, in the horizontal direction side-to-side movement.Make whole height reduction, the shorten length of motor, the center of gravity of car load reduces, Vehicle Driving Cycle is more steady, motor is arranged on the center line of car load, the moment that both sides piston produces is cancelled out each other, greatly reduce vehicle vibration under steam, engine speed is greatly improved, reduces noise.

The great advantage of pancake engine is that center of gravity is low.Because its cylinder is " keeping flat ", not only reduced the center of gravity of automobile, can also allow headstock design not only flat but also lowly, these factors can strengthen the riding stability of automobile.Meanwhile, horizontally-opposed cylinder arrangements is a kind of symmetrical rock-steady structure, and this makes the running smoothness of motor better than V-type engine, and power loss during operation is also minimum.Certainly it is better handling that lower center of gravity and balanced distribution have been also vehicle band.Centre of gravity: the transverse vibration of generation is easily absorbed, effectively the heavier motor center of gravity of full car reduced by support, more easily reaches whole machine balancing.Low vibration: the balance good (offset 180 degree left and right) of piston movement.Compare in-line arrangement, counterweight factor required aspect bent axle reduces, and helps rotating speed and promotes.It can keep 650 slow-speed of revolution that turn, and guarantees that motor works stably.Compare equally other motor line oil consumption minimum.

Shortcoming is: except because flat opposed structure comparatively complexity, is also difficult to solve just like problems such as oil lubricatings.Horizontal cylinder, because the reason of gravity can make machine oil flow to bottom, makes cylinder on one side can not get lubricated fully.Although Porsche and Subaru have well solved numerous technical barriers, high-precision manufacture requires also to have brought higher maintenance cost, and because body is wider, thereby and is unfavorable for layout.

Summary of the invention

The cost that the utility model has overcome the expansion chamber existing, pressing chamber, heater, cooling chamber, regenerator etc. is high, and heat loss is the problems such as 2-3 times of explosive motor; Having overcome organic rankine cycle system needs decompressor or steam turbine, the technical barrier that manufacture cost is high.The horizontal opposition type thermal powerplant the utility model proposes is to utilize existing level opposed engine structure, in conjunction with the thermodynamic machine of Stirling engine and organic rankine cycle system advantage.By heat collector, gasification reactor being heated after heat absorption, make the swollen promotion piston of working medium high-temperature gasification Peng produce kinetic energy acting.

The utility model provides that a kind of thermal energy conversion efficiency is high, working medium can recycle, can adjust working medium quantity within the scope of peak output adjusts output power, can adjust by adjusting temperature the thermodynamic apparatus of output power, machine stable output power.

The technical solution adopted in the utility model is: a kind of horizontal opposition type thermal powerplant, comprises heat collector, thermal insulation pipe, gasification reactor, atomizer, cylinder, piston, piston ring, automatic control pressure vent, cooler, liquid container, pressure valve, connecting rod, thermal insulation layer, casing, flywheel and bent axle; Cylinder becomes 180 ° of angle flat opposeds to be arranged on casing centered by bent axle, is provided with piston in cylinder, and piston is provided with piston ring, and piston connects connecting rod, and connecting rod connects bent axle, and bent axle connects flywheel, and bent axle is fixed on casing by bearing; Heat collector connects gasification reactor by thermal insulation pipe, and gasification reactor inlet end is provided with atomizer, and atomizer is by pipeline Bonding pressure valve, and pressure valve connects liquid container by pipeline; Gasification reactor is arranged on the top dead center of cylinder; The lower dead center of cylinder is provided with automatic control pressure vent, and automatic control pressure vent connects cooler by pipeline, and cooler connects liquid container by pipeline; Cylinder skin is provided with thermal insulation layer.

Further, heat collector can absorb the heat energy such as high-temperature gas that high-temperature gas, exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, factory that solar energy, underground heat, inflammable matter burning produce discharge.

Further, gasification reactor comprises pressure vessel, gasification heat-conducting plate, pore, atomizer, and gasification heat-conducting plate is arranged on pressure vessel, and on gasification heat-conducting plate, array is provided with pore, and pressure vessel inlet end is provided with atomizer.

Further, the associated bent axle of pressure valve, often completes the open and close of a circulating pressure valve once.

The method of above-mentioned horizontal opposition type thermal powerplant acting is: heat collector absorb high-temperature gas, engine thermal energy or tail gas that solar energy, underground heat, inflammable matter burning produces, the heat energy such as high-temperature gas that factory discharges directly or by pipeline transferring heat to gasification reactor, in pipeline, be provided with mobile heat-conducting medium; Liquid working substance is injected into gasification reactor atomization by pressure valve, and gasification reactor is to the expansion of gasifying of the working medium of atomization; During the lower dead center of piston arrives cylinder, acting gas is discharged by automatic control pressure vent, the gaseous working medium of discharging is cooling by cooler, the top dead center of another piston arrives cylinder now, the pressure valve of this cylinder is opened, and liquid working substance is injected into gasification expansion promotion piston in gasification reactor by atomizer and does work; Pressure valve is open and close in turn, and the piston in two groups of opposed type cylinders does work in turn, and kinetic energy is exported by connecting rod.

The utility model has the advantages that: 1. working medium circulation is used, pollution-free; 2. thermal energy conversion efficiency 65%-98%; 3. can adjust machine cylinder capacity and quantity adjustment output power according to power demand; 4. in power range, can adjust fluid injection and adjust output power reaching most; This equipment be to working medium gasify acting whole process do not produce pinking; 6. machine construction is simple, and low cost of manufacture utilizes automatic ventilating function to reduce energy loss; 7. working power is many times of single cylinder working power; 8. can substitute conventional energy resource consumption, economic benefit is high, energy-conserving and environment-protective, and noise is little; 9. low, the low vibration of center of gravity, good stability.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation;

Fig. 2 is the utility model gasification reactor structural representation;

In figure: 1 is heat collector; 2 is thermal insulation pipe; 3 is gasification reactor; 4 is atomizer; 5 is cylinder; 6 is piston; 7 is piston ring; 8 is automatic control pressure vent; 9 is cooler; 10 is liquid container; 11 is pressure valve; 12 is connecting rod; 13 is thermal insulation layer; 14 is casing; 15 flywheels; 16 is bent axle; 17 is pressure vessel; 18 is gasification heat-conducting plate; 19 is pore.

Embodiment

With reference to accompanying drawing 1-2, mode of execution of the present utility model is:

Embodiment 1

A horizontal opposition type thermal powerplant, comprises heat collector 1, thermal insulation pipe 2, gasification reactor 3, atomizer 4, cylinder 5, piston 6, piston ring 7, automatic control pressure vent 8, cooler 9, liquid container 10, pressure valve 11, connecting rod 12, thermal insulation layer 13, casing 14, flywheel 15 and bent axle 16; Cylinder 5 becomes 180 ° of angle flat opposeds to be arranged on casing 14 centered by bent axle 16, is provided with piston 6 in cylinder 5, and piston 6 is provided with piston ring 7, piston 6 connects connecting rod 12, connecting rod 12 connects bent axle 16, and bent axle 16 connects flywheel 15, and bent axle 16 is fixed on casing 14 by bearing; Heat collector 1 connects gasification reactor 3 by thermal insulation pipe 2, and gasification reactor 3 inlet ends are provided with atomizer 4, and atomizer 4 is by pipeline Bonding pressure valve 11, and pressure valve 11 connects liquid container 10 by pipeline; Gasification reactor 3 is arranged on the top dead center of cylinder 5; The lower dead center of cylinder 5 is provided with automatic control pressure vent 8, and automatic control pressure vent 8 connects cooler 9 by pipeline, and cooler 9 connects liquid container 10 by pipeline; Cylinder 5 skins are provided with thermal insulation layer 13.

Embodiment 2

As the horizontal opposition type thermal power machine in embodiment 1, described gasification reactor 3 comprises pressure vessel 17, gasification heat-conducting plate 18, pore 19, atomizer 4, gasification heat-conducting plate 18 is arranged on pressure vessel 17, on gasification heat-conducting plate 18, array is provided with pore 19, and pressure vessel 17 inlet ends are provided with atomizer 4; The associated bent axle 13 of described pressure valve 11, often completes the open and close of a circulating pressure valve once; Cooler is nature water-cooled.

Claims (4)

1. a horizontal opposition type thermal powerplant, comprises heat collector (1), thermal insulation pipe (2), gasification reactor (3), atomizer (4), cylinder (5), piston (6), piston ring (7), automatic control pressure vent (8), cooler (9), liquid container (10), pressure valve (11), connecting rod (12), thermal insulation layer (13), casing (14), flywheel (15) and bent axle (16); Cylinder (5) becomes 180 ° of angle flat opposeds to be arranged on casing (14) centered by bent axle (16), in cylinder (5), be provided with piston (6), piston (6) is provided with piston ring (7), piston (6) connects connecting rod (12), connecting rod (12) connects bent axle (16), bent axle (16) connects flywheel (15), and bent axle (16) is fixed on casing (14) by bearing; Heat collector (1) connects gasification reactor (3) by thermal insulation pipe (2), and gasification reactor (3) inlet end is provided with atomizer (4), and atomizer (4) is by pipeline Bonding pressure valve (11), and pressure valve (11) connects liquid container (10) by pipeline; Gasification reactor (3) is arranged on the top dead center of cylinder (5); The lower dead center of cylinder (5) is provided with automatic control pressure vent (8), and automatic control pressure vent (8) connects cooler (9) by pipeline, and cooler (9) connects liquid container (10) by pipeline; Cylinder (5) skin is provided with thermal insulation layer (13).

2. horizontal opposition type thermal powerplant as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described heat collector (1) can absorb the high-temperature gas that high-temperature gas, exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, factory that solar energy, underground heat, inflammable matter burning produces discharge.

3. horizontal opposition type thermal powerplant as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described gasification reactor (3) comprises pressure vessel (17), gasification heat-conducting plate (18), pore (19), atomizer (4), gasification heat-conducting plate (18) is arranged on pressure vessel (17), the upper array of gasification heat-conducting plate (18) is provided with pore (19), and pressure vessel (17) inlet end is provided with atomizer (4).

4. horizontal opposition type thermal powerplant as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the associated bent axle of described pressure valve (11) (13) often completes the open and close of a circulating pressure valve once.