A kind of biodiesel manufacturing system
Technical field
The utility model relates to technical field of biodiesel preparation, in particular, relates to a kind of biodiesel manufacturing system.
Background technology
Biofuel (biodiesel fuel) is to utilize animal-plant oil for raw material, exchanges the diesel oil of making by the low-carbon alcohol such as methyl alcohol or ethanol under catalyst action through fat.Biofuel has good environmental-protecting performance, and sulphur content is low, and the discharge of sulfurous gas and sulfide reduces approximately 30% than ordinary diesel oil, and therefore biofuel is the eco-friendly power source of current a kind of novel green.
Biofuel mainly adopts chemical method to produce, use animal and plant grease and methyl alcohol or ethanol, under acidity or basic catalyst and high temperature, there is esterification, generate corresponding fatty acid methyl ester or ethyl ester, then obtain biofuel through washing, the technique such as dry.The production of China's biofuel does not at present have the equipment of standard, and production unit is simple, and production process is discontinuous, and in production process, potential safety hazard is many, and quality product does not reach the standard-required of national biofuel, is the problem that biodiesel production facility exists always.
In addition, because the supply of the animal-plant oil of China is more in short supply, State Council expressly provides and forbids adopting animals and plants food oils as raw material production biofuel, therefore, and domestic stock oil that can only be using the grease such as animal-plant oil, non-edible woody oleiferous plants discarded as biofuel.The biodiesel raw material of China is mainly taking high acid value vegetable and animals oils such as sewer oil, hogwash fat, soybean acidified oil, palmitinic acid carburetion as main at present, the free fatty acid content of these stock oils is higher, and the quality of oil plant alters a great deal, general acid number is between 20~150mgKOH/g.For the stock oil of high acid value, in the time carrying out esterification, because esterification is reversible reaction, the water that reaction generates can suppress the carrying out of esterification, thereby reduces the transformation efficiency of esterification, the poisoning of catalyst being commonly called as.And be the bottleneck that restriction stock oil is selected about the poisoning of catalyst problem of high-acid-value material oil always.
On the other hand, biofuel generally adopts fatty acid glycerine three fat that animal grease, food garbage oil, acidifying wet goods contain long-chain as stock oil, in the time of esterification, the easy conglomeration of this type of macromolecular substance, not only make esterification reaction process slow, fatty acid methyl ester or ethyl ester production efficiency step-down, and for enhance esterification, the means that must adopt High Temperature High Pressure, consume the energy.For macromole stock oil, easy conglomeration causes esterification reaction process problem slowly, part biological diesel production producer adopt tunica fibrosa reactor as esterification reaction equipment in the hope of head it off, but the inherent nature of tunica fibrosa reactor has determined that the thinner treatment effect of its fiber yarn is better, but, owing to containing impurity in stock oil, use the tunica fibrosa that fine-fibered silk is manufactured to be very easy to stop up, and the thinner latch up phenomenon of fiber yarn is more serious, the contradiction of stopping up between treatment effect becomes a great problem of puzzlement use tunica fibrosa reactor as the manufacturer of esterification equipment.
Through retrieval, existing open about the technical scheme of optimizing biodiesel production facility, as China Patent No. ZL201220538026.8, the applying date is on February 18th, 2013, and invention and created name is: the continuous producing apparatus of biofuel; This application case comprises biofuel reaction unit, connecting tube and ducted volume pump, transferpump and under meter, and its biofuel reaction unit comprises mixing tank, well heater I, pipeline reactor I, esterification reaction tower, catalyst separator, methyl alcohol basin, rosaline flow container, pipeline reactor II, flashing tower, glycerin separator, distillation tower and biofuel basin; This application case is applied widely to stock oil quality, and production energy consumption is low, and transformation efficiency is higher.But this application case complex structure, still needs further optimization.
Summary of the invention
1. the technical problem that utility model will solve
The purpose of this utility model is to solve that existing biodiesel production facility exists: 1) production process is discontinuous, and quality product does not reach national standard requirement; 2) long to the high-acid-value material oil handling time, to process complexity high; 3) while carrying out macromole stock oil esterification that animal grease, food garbage oil, acidifying wet goods contain long-chain, because the easy conglomeration of macromole stock oil causes esterification reaction process problem slowly, a kind of biodiesel manufacturing system is provided, use the technical solution of the utility model, the selectable range of stock oil is wide, esterified effective, continuity of production process is strong, and production of biodiesel efficiency is high.
2. technical scheme
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the utility model provides is:
A kind of biodiesel manufacturing system of the present utility model, comprises oil-bearing structure, pre-treatment mechanism and esterification mechanism, and described oil-bearing structure comprises storage tank and the first transferpump, and storage tank is connected with pre-treatment mechanism by the first transferpump;
Described pre-treatment mechanism comprises the first slurry tank, strainer, dehydration cycle mechanism and the first tundish, the top of the first described slurry tank is connected with the first transferpump, the bottom of this first slurry tank is connected with the opening for feed of strainer by the second transferpump, the discharge port of described strainer is connected with dehydration cycle mechanism, dehydration cycle mechanism carries out the dehydration operation of stock oil, and this dehydration cycle mechanism is connected with the top opening for feed of the first tundish by the 4th transferpump;
Described esterification mechanism comprises hybrid reactor, mediation still, whizzer and the second tundish, the top opening for feed of described hybrid reactor is connected with the first tundish by the 5th transferpump, the bottom of this hybrid reactor is connected with the top of mediation still by the 6th transferpump, the bottom of described mediation still is connected with the second tundish by whizzer, and the second described tundish are connected with follow-up equipment by the 8th transferpump.
Further improve as the utility model, described dehydration cycle mechanism comprises dehydrating kettle, flash tank, well heater and the 3rd transferpump, the top of described dehydrating kettle is connected with strainer, the bottom of this dehydrating kettle is connected with a T-valve, one connected entrance of described T-valve is connected with the 4th transferpump, another connected entrance of T-valve is connected with the 3rd transferpump, the 3rd transferpump, well heater, flash tank are connected successively by pipeline, and the discharge port of described flash tank is connected with the top opening for feed of dehydrating kettle.
Further improve as the utility model, described hybrid reactor bottom is also connected with a T-valve, one connected entrance of this T-valve is connected with the 6th transferpump, another connected entrance of T-valve is connected with the opening for feed of nanometer colloid mill, and the discharge port of nanometer colloid mill is connected with an opening for feed of hybrid reactor by pipeline.
Further improve as the utility model, the 6th described conveying pump outlet is connected with a T-valve, one connected entrance of this T-valve is connected with mediation still, another connected entrance of T-valve is connected with the top of the second slurry tank by pipeline, and the bottom of the second described slurry tank is connected with another opening for feed of hybrid reactor by the 7th transferpump.
3. beneficial effect
The technical scheme that adopts the utility model to provide, compared with existing known technology, has following beneficial effect:
(1) a kind of biodiesel manufacturing system of the present utility model, its hybrid reactor bottom is connected with a T-valve, one connected entrance of T-valve is connected with the 6th transferpump, another connected entrance is connected with nanometer colloid mill, its the 6th conveying pump outlet is also connected with a T-valve, one connected entrance of T-valve is connected with mediation still, another connected entrance is connected with the second slurry tank, arranging while having ensured that feedstock amount also varies in size or stock oil acid number is different of T-valve, esterification operation to stock oil adopts different paths to carry out, esterification operation is more flexible, better effects if, esterification time shortens greatly,
(2) a kind of biodiesel manufacturing system of the present utility model, structure to whole production system is optimized improvement, the arranging of the first tundish and the second tundish ensured continuous supply and the output of stock oil pre-treatment workshop section, esterification workshop section, the continuity of whole production process is stronger, and each transferpump has been realized closely cooperating between equipment, improve the production efficiency of biofuel.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of biodiesel manufacturing system of the present utility model.
Label declaration in schematic diagram:
1, storage tank; 2, the first transferpump; 3, the first slurry tank; 4, the second transferpump; 5, strainer; 6, dehydrating kettle; 7, flash tank; 8, well heater; 9, the 3rd transferpump; 10, the 4th transferpump; 11, the first tundish; 12, the 5th transferpump; 13, hybrid reactor; 14, nanometer colloid mill; 15, the 6th transferpump; 16, the second slurry tank; 17, the 7th transferpump; 18, mediation still; 19, whizzer; 20, the second tundish; 21, the 8th transferpump.
Embodiment
For further understanding content of the present utility model, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments the utility model is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
In conjunction with Fig. 1, a kind of biodiesel manufacturing system of the present embodiment, comprises oil-bearing structure, pre-treatment mechanism and esterification mechanism, and described oil-bearing structure comprises storage tank 1 and the first transferpump 2, stock oil is stored in storage tank 1, and storage tank 1 is connected with pre-treatment mechanism by the first transferpump 2.Described pre-treatment mechanism comprises the first slurry tank 3, strainer 5, dehydration cycle mechanism and the first tundish 11, the top of the first described slurry tank 3 is connected with the first transferpump 2, the bottom of this first slurry tank 3 is connected with the opening for feed of strainer 5 by the second transferpump 4, the discharge port of described strainer 5 is connected with dehydration cycle mechanism, described dehydration cycle mechanism carries out the dehydration operation of stock oil, dehydration cycle mechanism comprises dehydrating kettle 6, flash tank 7, well heater 8 and the 3rd transferpump 9, the top of described dehydrating kettle 6 is connected with strainer 5, the bottom of this dehydrating kettle 6 is connected with a T-valve, one connected entrance of described T-valve is connected with the 4th transferpump 10, dehydrating kettle 6 is connected with the top opening for feed of the first tundish 11 by the 4th transferpump 10.Another connected entrance of T-valve is connected with the 3rd transferpump 9, and the 3rd transferpump 9, well heater 8, flash tank 7 are connected successively by pipeline, and the discharge port of described flash tank 7 is connected with the top opening for feed of dehydrating kettle 6.
Stock oil in the present embodiment in storage tank 1 pumps in the first slurry tank 3 by the first transferpump 2, the first slurry tank 3 carries out preliminary dehydrating and removing impurities to stock oil, stock oil through the first slurry tank 3 preliminary hydro-extraction removal of impurities pumps into strainer 5 through the second transferpump 4 again, strainer 5 carries out further removal of impurities processing to stock oil again, the present embodiment strainer 5 adopts 200 object Stainless Steel Filters, and filtering accuracy is high and erosion resistance is strong.Stock oil after filter 5 removal of impurities enters dehydrating kettle 6, due to different stock oil water content differences, the stock oil of different moisture content is carried out unified processed and is easily caused the waste of the energy, and dehydrating effect is also undesirable, the present embodiment is provided with a T-valve in the bottom of dehydrating kettle 6, arranging of T-valve ensured according to the difference of stock oil water content, to carry out the dehydration operation in different paths to stock oil.Be specially: in the time of stock oil moisture content less, T-valve is not opened towards the path of the 3rd transferpump 9, directly enters the first tundish 11 through the 4th transferpump 10 through the stock oil of dehydrating kettle 6 of short duration dehydrations.And in the time that stock oil water content is more, rely on separately dehydrating kettle 6 to carry out dehydration operation, the length consuming time of not only dewatering, dehydrating effect also can not meet the requirement of follow-up esterification treatment, now, the path that T-valve is led to the 3rd transferpump 9 is opened, and makes stock oil heater via 8, flash tank 7 carry out strengthen dewatering processing, then enters the first tundish 11 through the 4th transferpump 10.So, not only dewatering time shortens greatly, dehydrating effect is good, and carries out processed flexibly according to the difference of stock oil water content, consumes the energy few.
Described esterification mechanism comprises hybrid reactor 13, the second slurry tank 16, mediation still 18, whizzer 19 and the second tundish 20, the top opening for feed of described hybrid reactor 13 is connected with the first tundish 11 by the 5th transferpump 12, the bottom of this hybrid reactor 13 is also connected with a T-valve, one connected entrance of this T-valve is connected with the 6th transferpump 15, another connected entrance of T-valve is connected with the opening for feed of nanometer colloid mill 14, and the discharge port of nanometer colloid mill 14 is connected with an opening for feed of hybrid reactor 13 by pipeline.
What deserves to be explained is, because the stock oil of production biofuel is varied, the macromole stock oil that existing animal grease, food garbage oil, acidifying wet goods contain long-chain, also there is the stock oil that vegetables oil equimolecular quantity is less, it is quick that the stock oil of small molecules amount carries out esterification, and the stock oil of macromolecule is owing to easily forming macromolecular mass, esterification reaction process is slower.Carry out esterification by all single the stock oil of different molecular weight by reactor, that a stock oil that carrys out macromolecule carries out esterification is consuming time long, esterification effect is bad, and two to carry out staff also very inconvenient to the regulation and control of reaction time of esterification.The present embodiment is by the setting of hybrid reactor 13 bottom T-valve, in the time of plant wet goods that stock oil is molecular weight, T-valve is not opened towards the path of nanometer colloid mill 14, when stock oil is while being macromolecular animal grease etc., easily form macromolecular mass for overcoming macromole stock oil, hinder the problem that esterification is carried out fast, can open nanometer colloid mill 14, reaction mass circulation is ground through nanometer colloid mill 14, stock oil more homogenizes, specific surface area increases, the contact area of methyl alcohol and stock oil increases, tradition is not used nanometer colloid mill 14, the recovery rate of fatty acid methyl ester or ethyl ester only has 60%, and more than needing 10h consuming time, use after the nanometer colloid mill 14 of the present embodiment, the recovery rate of fatty acid methyl ester or ethyl ester has brought up to 80%~90%, and reaction time of esterification has dropped to 2~3h, esterification speed is accelerated greatly, esterification operation is more flexible.
The outlet of the present embodiment the 6th transferpump 15 is connected with a T-valve, one connected entrance of this T-valve is connected with mediation still 18, another connected entrance of T-valve is connected with the top of the second slurry tank 16 by pipeline, the bottom of the second described slurry tank 16 is also connected with a T-valve, one connected entrance of this T-valve passes into drainage tray, and another connected entrance is connected with another opening for feed of hybrid reactor 13 by the 7th transferpump 17.It is mainly in order to adapt to the impact of the different acid numbers of stock oil on esterification that the present embodiment arranges herein.As the analysis of background technology, for the stock oil of high acid value in the time carrying out esterification, because esterification is reversible reaction, the water that reaction generates can suppress the carrying out of esterification, thereby reduce the transformation efficiency (poisoning of catalyst being commonly called as) of esterification, and the poisoning of catalyst phenomenon of low acid number stock oil relatively a little less than.Adopt different paths to carry out esterification operation to different acid number stock oil, just can reach the effect of esterification Optimum Regulation.The present embodiment is in the time that stock oil acid number is less or esterification reversed reaction intensity is weak, T-valve leads to the path unlatching of mediation still 18, stock oil directly enters mediation still 18 and carries out subsequent disposal after an esterification, in the time that stock oil acid number is large or esterification has produced poisoning of catalyst phenomenon, T-valve leads to the path unlatching of the second slurry tank 16, after the large water gaging that the second slurry tank 16 produces esterification is got rid of, then reaction mass is pumped into reactor continuation reaction, avoid poisoning of catalyst phenomenon.The bottom of described mediation still 18 is connected with the second tundish 20 by whizzer 19, and the second described tundish 20 are connected with follow-up equipment by the 8th transferpump 21.
A kind of biodiesel manufacturing system described in embodiment 1, by by dehydrating kettle 6, hybrid reactor 13 grades are communicated with T-valve, T-valve the performance perameter that has ensured stock oil is set as molecular size range, when acid number is different, esterification operation to stock oil adopts different paths to carry out, esterification operation is more flexible, better effects if, esterification time shortens greatly, simultaneously, arranging of the first tundish 11 and the second tundish 20 ensured stock oil pre-treatment workshop section, continuous supply and the output of esterification workshop section, the continuity of whole production process is stronger, each transferpump has been realized closely cooperating between equipment, improve the production efficiency of biofuel.
Below schematically the utility model and embodiment thereof are described, this description does not have restricted, and shown in accompanying drawing is also one of embodiment of the present utility model, and actual structure is not limited to this.So, if those of ordinary skill in the art is enlightened by it, in the situation that not departing from the utility model creation aim, without the creationary frame mode similar to this technical scheme and the embodiment of designing, all should belong to protection domain of the present utility model.