Background technology
High-accuracy planet-cycloid reducer is at industrial robot, precise machining equipment, and papermaking printing machinery, there is wide application in the fields such as medicine equipment, and the quality of its performance has directly affected the performance index of final products.With artificially example of industrial machine, China is the highest country of the industrial robot growth rate of demand in the world at present, approximately 20,000 of newly-increased industrial robots in 2011, be equipped with 4 calculating of speed reduction unit by every cover, need 80,000 of speed reduction units, and this numeral is annual by the speed increment with 5% after estimating, it is very necessary and urgent therefore researching and developing and produce the high performance cycloidal reducer that can meet the demands.China at present high-accuracy planet-cycloid reducer technology is abroad monopolized always, in order to break the external long-term monopolization to this technology, such speed reduction unit of independent research, set up accordingly the test macro of a set of high-accuracy planet-cycloid reducer, its Key Performance Indicator angle transmission error, return difference and elastic constant etc. are assessed, for the problem occurring in timely reaction speed reduction unit R&D process, such speed reduction unit research and development are pushed ahead more efficiently, break away from as early as possible the external monopolization to such speed reduction unit, have great importance.
Existing speed reduction unit testing apparatus, the output terminal of speed reduction unit to be measured is coaxially connected with load maintainer, input end is coaxially connected with servomotor input shaft by equipment such as angular encoders, angular encoder be arranged on one with the coaxial coupling shaft of servomotor output shaft on, therefore this coupling shaft will inevitably be subject to the effect of the rotating torque that servomotor transmits, can produce and be out of shape by coupling shaft self torque the error of bringing, cause having larger error between angle of torsion that angular encoder tests and the actual torque angle of speed reduction unit to be measured, thereby reduce the measuring accuracy of angular encoder.Taking the high-accuracy cycloidal reducer RV-320E3-219.46 of Japan as example, its nominal torque 3136Nm, elastic constant is 980Nm/arcmin, when the diameter of coupling shaft is 100mm, material is 45 steel, while applying 3136Nm torque, the angle of torsion of coupling shaft itself is 1.37 jiaos points, and the angle of torsion of speed reduction unit 18 to be measured own is 3.35 jiaos points, as can be seen here, because the angle of torsion of axle itself has been introduced about 25% error.
Utility model content
The technical matters that the utility model mainly solves is to provide a kind of speed reduction unit testing apparatus, can make angular encoder and speed reduction unit to be measured lay respectively at the relative both sides of output runner, directly be not connected with speed reduction unit to be measured, therefore be not subject to the effect of rotating torque, eliminated coupling shaft self torque while connecting speed reduction unit to be measured by coupling shaft and be out of shape the error of bringing.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the utility model adopts is: provide a kind of speed reduction unit testing apparatus, for testing return difference and the elastic constant of speed reduction unit to be measured.This speed reduction unit testing apparatus comprises support platform and is arranged on the servomotor in support platform, input runner, output runner, load equipment and angular transducer, wherein the output shaft of servomotor is connected with in input first side shaft being oppositely arranged of runner and the second side shaft one, to drive input runner to rotate around the first rotating shaft being defined by the first side shaft and the second side shaft, speed reduction unit to be measured is connected respectively with angular transducer the 3rd side shaft being oppositely arranged and the 4th side shaft of exporting runner, output runner engages with input runner, and then synchronize and rotate around the second rotating shaft defined with the 4th side shaft by the 3rd side shaft and that be parallel to the first rotating shaft, angular transducer is for obtaining the angle of torsion of speed reduction unit to be measured.
Wherein, speed reduction unit testing apparatus also comprises increase torque speed reducer and the torque sensor between servomotor and input runner, increase torque speed reducer one end and connect servomotor, the other end connects torque sensor, for increasing the output torque of servomotor, the other end of torque sensor connects the first side shaft or second side shaft of input runner, for detection of the input torque of input runner.
Wherein, speed reduction unit testing apparatus further comprises the servomotor support, torque sensor support and the reducer stent to be measured that are arranged in support platform and can slide along support platform, and servomotor, torque sensor and speed reduction unit to be measured are arranged at respectively on servomotor support, torque sensor support and reducer stent to be measured.
Wherein, load equipment is the fixing end cap being arranged on reducer stent to be measured, and the input shaft of speed reduction unit to be measured is fixed on reducer stent to be measured by fixing end cap.
Wherein, speed reduction unit testing apparatus further comprises the first input runner support and the second input runner support that are fixed in support platform and are positioned at input runner both sides, and the first side shaft of input runner and the second side shaft difference rotational support are on the first input runner support and the second input runner support.
Wherein, speed reduction unit testing apparatus further comprises the increase torque speed reducer support and the angular transducer support that are fixed in support platform, increases torque speed reducer and angular transducer and is arranged at respectively on increase torque speed reducer support and angular transducer support.
Wherein, in support platform, be provided with two parallel horizontal guide rails, servomotor support, increase torque speed reducer support, torque sensor support, the first input runner support and the second input runner support and be arranged at wherein on a horizontal guide rail, angular transducer support and reducer stent to be measured are arranged on an other horizontal guide rail.
Wherein, be provided with several sliding rail grooves on horizontal guide rail, reducer stent to be measured, one end that torque sensor support is relative with horizontal guide rail with servomotor support are provided with rack groove, are provided with a locating piece in every a pair of rack groove and sliding rail groove.
Wherein, speed reduction unit testing apparatus further comprises industrial computer, data collecting card and numbered card, data collecting card is connected with industrial computer, servomotor and torque sensor, industrial computer is by data acquisition card control servomotor, and obtain the data of torque sensor by data collecting card, numbered card is connected with industrial computer and angular transducer, for angular transducer being counted and this counting being sent to industrial computer.
Wherein, speed reduction unit testing apparatus further comprises driver, and driver is connected between data collecting card and servomotor, and data collecting card sends a control signal to driver, by driver drives servomotor.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the power of servomotor passes to and servomotor out-of-alignment speed reduction unit to be measured by the engagement of input runner and output runner.Output runner one end connects speed reduction unit to be measured, the other end of speed reduction unit to be measured is connected with load equipment, therefore the 3rd side shaft that connects output runner and speed reduction unit to be measured will inevitably be subject to the effect of rotating torque, the opposite side connection angle scrambler of output runner, the other end of angular encoder does not connect load equipment, therefore the 4th side shaft of connection angle scrambler and output runner can not be subject to the effect of rotating torque, can torsional deformation yet, bring error naturally can to the test of connected angular encoder yet, thereby improve the angle-measurement accuracy of speed reduction unit testing apparatus.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the utility model is elaborated.
Consult Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, Fig. 1 be the utility model the first embodiment speed reduction unit testing apparatus face structural representation; Fig. 2 is the plan structure schematic diagram of the speed reduction unit testing apparatus in Fig. 1.The critical piece of speed reduction unit testing apparatus comprises support platform 24 and is arranged on servomotor 1, increase torque speed reducer 5, torque sensor 8, input runner 12, output runner 17 and the angular transducer 15 in support platform 24.In addition, speed reduction unit testing apparatus also comprises accessory, for example servomotor support 2, the first coupling shaft 3, increase torque speed reducer support 4, the second coupling shaft 6, the first shaft coupling 7, torque sensor support 9, the second shaft coupling 10, angular transducer support 14, the 3rd coupling shaft 16, reducer stent to be measured 19, fixing end cap 20, the first locating piece 21, the second locating piece 22 and the 3rd locating piece 23.Servomotor 1, increase torque speed reducer 5 and angular transducer 15 are arranged at respectively servomotor support 2, increase on torque speed reducer support 4 and angular transducer support 14.
Wherein, servomotor 1 is connected by the first coupling shaft 3 with increase torque speed reducer 5, increases torque speed reducer 5 and is connected by the second coupling shaft 6 and the first shaft coupling 7 with torque sensor 8, and torque sensor 8 is connected by the second shaft coupling 10 with input runner 12.Be the output shaft of servomotor 1 through the first coupling shaft 3, increase a connection in the first side shaft being oppositely arranged and second side shaft (the first side shaft and the second side shaft can define arbitrarily, specifically do not limit) of torque speed reducer 5, the second coupling shaft 6, the first shaft coupling 7, torque sensor 8 and the second shaft coupling 10 and input runner 12.Specifically, be to be connected towards the side shaft of servomotor 1 one sides with input runner 12.In the present embodiment, above-mentioned each parts are coaxially, drive rotation by servomotor 1, and drive input runner 12 to rotate around the first rotating shaft being defined by the first side shaft and the second side shaft.In like manner, output is relatively set with the 3rd side shaft and the 4th side shaft on runner 17, and input runner 12 engages with exporting runner 17, and then synchronizes and rotate around the second rotating shaft defined with the 4th side shaft by the 3rd side shaft and that be parallel to the first rotating shaft.Speed reduction unit 18 to be measured is connected respectively with angular transducer 15 the 3rd side shaft being oppositely arranged and the 4th side shaft of exporting runner 17.Wherein, speed reduction unit 18 to be measured is directly connected with output runner 17, and angular transducer 15 is connected by the 3rd coupling shaft 16 with output runner 17.Or in other embodiments, angular transducer 15 can be arranged on the 3rd coupling shaft 16.
Wherein, increase torque speed reducer 5 for increasing the output torque that servomotor 1 is provided, conventional servomotor output torque, greatly about 200Nm, can reach 5000Nm after increasing torque speed reducer 5.The servomotor that is 200Nm with maximum output torque so just can be tested the speed reduction unit within the scope of 200Nm~5000Nm.Angular encoder 15 is for obtaining the angle of torsion of speed reduction unit 18 to be measured, because angular encoder is connected with the output terminal of speed reduction unit to be measured, and the rotating speed of speed reduction unit output terminal to be measured is very low, particularly for the output terminal of planet-cycloid reducer, therefore need to adopt high-precision angular encoder, the angular encoder that the present embodiment adopts is 36000 lines, the sine wave signal of 1vpp, and count card 41 by selected skill, can carry out the highest 4096 times new number segmentation, its system accuracy reaches ± and 1 rad.Torque sensor 8 is for detection of the output torque after increasing torque speed reducer 5 increases.Described output runner and output runner are between two parallel rotating shafts, to realize the mechanism that moment is transmitted, such as adopting gear set, belt pulley set.What the present embodiment adopted is gear set, because gear set transmission is more more steady.Be exactly the input torque of speed reduction unit to be measured for making the torque that torque sensor records, the present embodiment is arranged to consistent by input runner with parameters such as exporting runner size, avoid causing because of the variation of these parameters the variation of input runner and output runner rotating speed, and then the torque that causes torque that the torque sensor at input gear place records to export to speed reduction unit to be measured with input gear is different.
The first input runner support 11 and the second input runner support 13 are fixed in support platform 24 and are positioned at input runner 12 both sides, and the first side shaft of input runner 12 and the second side shaft difference rotational support are on the first input runner support 11 and the second input runner support 13.In other embodiments, also can omit the first input runner support 11 that input runner 12 connects the second shaft coupling 10 1 sides.
Servomotor support 2, torque sensor support 9 and reducer stent to be measured 19 are arranged in support platform 24 and can slide along support platform 24.Specifically, in support platform 24, be provided with two parallel slide rails (not indicating), in slide rail, be provided with sliding rail groove, on servomotor support 2, torque sensor support 9 and reducer stent to be measured 19, be provided with rack groove, the first locating piece 21, the second locating piece 22 and the 3rd locating piece 23 are arranged in sliding rail groove and rack groove.Reducer stent 19 to be measured is fixed in support platform 24 by the first locating piece 21, and torque sensor support 9 is fixed in support platform 24 by the second locating piece 22, and servomotor support 2 is fixed in support platform 24 by the 3rd locating piece 23.The mode that adopts locating piece to match with rack groove, sliding rail groove, the central axis of above-mentioned support can be controlled in the plane of extending perpendicular to described guide rail and along described rail length direction, and with described guide rail parallel, just different in short transverse.Like this in the time that above-mentioned support is installed, only need to adjust the height of their central axis just, greatly accelerate the assembling speed of speed reduction unit testing apparatus, save the setup time of this testing apparatus at test speed reduction unit to be measured, and the right alignment of the each part of test macro can be adjusted to very high precision, the present embodiment can be controlled at the right alignment of the each part of test macro below 0.01mm.
Servomotor 1, torque sensor 8 and speed reduction unit to be measured 18 are arranged at respectively on servomotor support 2, torque sensor support 9 and reducer stent to be measured 19.In the present embodiment, have fixing end cap 20 to be arranged on reducer stent 19 to be measured, the input shaft of speed reduction unit 18 to be measured is fixed on reducer stent 19 to be measured by fixing end cap 20, and the output shaft of speed reduction unit 18 to be measured is connected with the 3rd side shaft of output runner 17.In addition, fixing end cap 20 is the load equipment of speed reduction unit 18 to be measured.That is to say, the input end of speed reduction unit 18 to be measured is fixed, and output terminal connects output runner 17.Or in other embodiments, the input end of speed reduction unit 18 to be measured is fixed, output terminal connects the 3rd side shaft of output runner 17 by a coupling shaft.
As seen from Figure 2, in support platform 24, be provided with two parallel horizontal guide rails, servomotor support 2, increase torque speed reducer support 4, torque sensor support 9, the first input runner support 11 and the second input runner 12 supports and be arranged at wherein on a horizontal guide rail, angular transducer support 14 and reducer stent to be measured 19 are arranged on an other horizontal guide rail.
Consult Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is the electrical structure schematic diagram of the speed reduction unit testing apparatus in Fig. 1.In the present embodiment, speed reduction unit testing apparatus further comprises driver 31 for driving servomotor 1 and numbered card 41, data collecting card 42 and the industrial computer 43 of electrical structure part.
As shown in the figure, driver 31 is connected between data collecting card 42 and servomotor 1, and data collecting card 42 sends a control signal to driver 31, drives servomotor 1 by driver 31.Numbered card 41 is connected with industrial computer 43 and angular transducer 15, for angular transducer 15 being counted and this counting being sent to industrial computer 43.In the present embodiment, data collecting card 42 with numbered card 41 by PCI(Peripheral Component Interconnection, peripheral element extension interface) bus 51 connects industrial computer 43.Electric part device of the present utility model is few, and data acquisition is convenient, only needs data collecting card 42 and numbered card 41.This is because for the control of servomotor in this test macro 1, mainly torque and rotational speed control, therefore can, by the data collecting card 42 with analog quantity (voltage) output port, realize torque and rotational speed by the size of adjustment voltage and automatically control, do not need motion control card.The information exchange of torque sensor 8 is crossed the numeration port of data collecting card 42 and is realized torque collection.
In other embodiments, also can be as shown in Figure 3, omit each coupling shaft, servomotor 1 is successively by increasing torque speed reducer 5, the first shaft coupling 7, torque sensor 8, the second shaft coupling 10 connection input runners 12, input runner 12 engages with output runner 17, and 12 liang of side shafts of output runner connect respectively speed reduction unit 18 to be measured and angular encoder 15.Or, in other embodiments, also can omit the first shaft coupling 7, the second shaft coupling 10.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the power of servomotor passes to and servomotor out-of-alignment speed reduction unit to be measured by the engagement of input runner and output runner.Output runner one end connects speed reduction unit to be measured, the other end of speed reduction unit to be measured is connected with load equipment, therefore the 3rd side shaft that connects output runner and speed reduction unit to be measured will inevitably be subject to the effect of rotating torque, the opposite side connection angle scrambler of output runner, the other end of angular encoder does not connect load equipment, therefore the 4th side shaft of connection angle scrambler and output runner can not be subject to the effect of rotating torque, can torsional deformation yet, bring error naturally can to the test of connected angular encoder yet, thereby angular encoder has reflected the true angle of speed reduction unit to be measured.
The foregoing is only embodiment of the present utility model; not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present utility model; every equivalent structure or conversion of equivalent flow process that utilizes the utility model instructions and accompanying drawing content to do; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present utility model.