CN106289087B - A method of it eliminating gear two-sided engagement measuring instrument Plays gear and introduces error - Google Patents
A method of it eliminating gear two-sided engagement measuring instrument Plays gear and introduces error Download PDFInfo
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- CN106289087B CN106289087B CN201610888031.4A CN201610888031A CN106289087B CN 106289087 B CN106289087 B CN 106289087B CN 201610888031 A CN201610888031 A CN 201610888031A CN 106289087 B CN106289087 B CN 106289087B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods that elimination gear two-sided engagement measuring instrument Plays gear introduces error, it is intended to improve the measurement accuracy of gear two-sided engagement measuring instrument, the measuring instrument includes pedestal, computer, motor and slide plate, the slide plate is set on pedestal by guide rail, the top rotation of slide plate is equipped with the first locating shaft, the top of slide plate is equipped with grating sensor by the first locating shaft, the output shaft of the motor stretches to the top of pedestal vertically and is connected with the second locating shaft, the grating sensor connects computer by data collecting card, the computer connects motor by driver；This method is by means of demarcating the gear existing error of measurement standard gear in advance itself with the conjugation of the same class precision of master gear, and benefit is computerizedd control and Error processing compensation method is modified measurement result using the deviation of master gear itself, the radial comprehensive deviation of tested gear is accurately obtained, while can reduce the requirement to master gear precision itself.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to accuracy of gear field of measuring technique, and in particular to a kind of gear two-sided engagement measuring instrument and eliminates it
The method that master gear used introduces error.
Background technique
With the promotion of industrial technology level, gear manufacture quality requirement is continuously improved in transmission system.As gear system
The gear two-sided engagement method of quality final inspection program is made, simple with its equipment, measuring speed is fast, reflects gear manufacture essence comprehensively
The advantages that spending is more and more widely used in terms of measuring gear radial error.
Gear radial direction comprehensive deviation is measured using gear two-sided engagement measurement method, generates the big master of measurement result dispersibility
It wants the reason is that standard provides, using the master gear conduct of two accuracy classes higher than tested gear as caused by measuring principle
The center that reference element engages to examine between two gears with tested gear away from variation.In practical applications, master gear sheet
The foozle of body directly influences measurement result, and due to phase change, in tested gear and master gear engagement measurement
In the process, center away from variation, can also with the variation of mesh phase between two gears, radial direction " peak-peak ",
" peak-to-valley ", " paddy-peak ", " valley-valley " variation and change, more influence the consistency of measurement result, actual measured results need
That wants will only reflect the radial variations of tested gear.
In existing way, the individual event error in geometrical form of direct measurement standard gear, including tooth form, teeth directional and tooth can be passed through
Away from etc., the radial comprehensive deviation of master gear is found out further according to the individual event error in geometrical form measured, finally according to measurement result
The radial comprehensive deviation of master gear is found out to obtain the radial comprehensive deviation of tested gear.But measured mark in this method
The radial comprehensive deviation of quasi- gear is the average value of master gear radial missing on limited section, and can completely does not reflect
Radial missing of the master gear in entire engagement process out, therefore be difficult to be inherently eliminated the error of master gear introducing.
It can be seen that influencing measurement accuracy when with gear two-sided engagement measurement method measurement gear radial direction comprehensive deviation
There are two principal elements：First is that the measurement accuracy of gear two-sided engagement measuring instrument used, traditional gear two-sided engage measuring instrument
Relatively simple, measurement chain is short；Second is that the structure and precision of master gear used, this point is particularly important, even if gear
Two-sided engagement measuring instrument measurement accuracy with higher can also reduce final if the precision of master gear used itself is lower
Measurement accuracy, therefore, existing way can only ensure to be nibbled with gear two-sided by improving the accuracy of manufacture of master gear itself
The precision that mensuration carries out the measurement of gear radial error is closed, but the manufacturing cost of high-precision master gear is again quite high, and
The standard ununified about the design of master gear, only some gear industries compare the design principle of approval both at home and abroad, than
Such as, gear two-sided engages measurement request master gear two accuracy classes higher than tested gear；It is required that the master gear facewidth is greater than
Tested gear tooth width；The master gear number of teeth is greater than tested gear etc., and it is numerous that this has resulted in master gear increased costs, type
It is more, instrument utilization rate is not high, waste it is serious the problems such as.
Summary of the invention
In order to improve the measurement accuracy of gear two-sided engagement measuring instrument, the present invention provides a kind of engagements of gear two-sided to measure
Instrument and the method for eliminating its master gear introducing error used, measuring instrument measurement accuracy with higher, this method is using double
Measuring principle is engaged, corrects error existing for master gear itself in advance, benefit is computerizedd control and Error processing compensation method
Measurement result is modified.
Gear two-sided of the invention engages measuring instrument, and the technical solution of use is：It is passed including pedestal, computer, grating
Sensor, motor and slide plate, the slide plate are set on pedestal by guide rail, and the top rotation of slide plate is equipped with the first locating shaft, slide plate
Top grating sensor is equipped with by the first locating shaft, the output shaft of the motor stretches to the top of pedestal vertically and is connected with
Second locating shaft, the grating sensor connect computer by data collecting card, and the computer connects electricity by driver
Machine.
It is equipped with positioning seat in the second positioning outer shaft sleeve on the pedestal, connection bullet is equipped between the positioning seat and slide plate
Spring.
The method eliminated gear two-sided engagement measuring instrument Plays gear and introduce error of the invention, the technical solution of use
It is to be made of following steps：
One, each tooth socket of master gear used is successively marked with Arabic numerals in order；
Two, the conjugation that selecting has equal accuracy grade with master gear demarcates gear, chooses in conjugation calibration gear
A certain tooth is as specific tooth；
Three, master gear and conjugation calibration gear are installed on gear two-sided engagement measuring instrument, master gear is installed to
On first locating shaft of slide plate, on the second locating shaft of the output axis connection that conjugation calibration gear is installed to motor, conjugation is allowed to mark
Specific tooth in fixed gear is meshed with first tooth socket in master gear；
Four, master gear turns over an angular pitch according to the rotation direction of setting under the driving of conjugation calibration gear, this
When gear two-sided engagement measuring instrument in grating sensor read master gear and conjugation calibration gear between center away from variation
Amount, and computer is sent data to by data acquisition；
Five, engaging the slide plate in measuring instrument by gear two-sided drives master gear is mobile to make itself and conjugation calibration gear point
From driving conjugation calibration gear reversely to go to initial position by motor later, then drive master gear is mobile to make by slide plate
Second tooth socket and specific tooth engagement thereon；
Six, repeat aforesaid operations step, until master gear rotate one week all tooth socket made thereon successively one by one with spy
Fixed tooth is engaged；
Seven, conjugation calibration gear is removed, tested gear is installed on the second locating shaft of output shaft of motor, full-height tooth is made
Wheel with tested gear be engaged transmission, at this time by grating sensor reading master gear and tested gear between center away from
Variable quantity, and computer is sent data to by data collecting card；
Eight, the data measured in step 7 and data measured in step 1 to step 6 are overlapped by computer, are obtained
The radial comprehensive deviation value of tested gear.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The working principle that the present invention is engaged from gear two-sided proposes a kind of gear
Two-sided engagement measuring instrument and the method for eliminating its master gear introducing error used, measuring instrument measurement accuracy with higher,
This method is by means of measurement standard gear itself is existing accidentally in advance with the conjugation of the same class precision of master gear calibration gear
Difference, and benefit is computerizedd control and Error processing compensation method repairs measurement result using the deviation of master gear itself
Just, the radial comprehensive deviation of tested gear is accurately obtained.
Since the design, the number of teeth, precision of master gear itself directly influence the survey of the radial composite error of tested gear
Amount is as a result, the phase difference that master gear engages measurement with tested gear but will influence measurement result, the i.e. weight of measurement result
Multiple error (indicating value variable error) is very big, and therefore, this method can reduce the requirement to master gear precision itself, improves measurement
As a result consistency can reduce the cost of gear measurement, promote the accuracy of manufacture of gear, meet industrial demand；It solves
The big problem of gear two-sided engagement measurement result dispersibility, makes radial composite error control within the 3um；To determine that gear is double
Face meshing device precision grade provides reliable foundation；According to measurement result accurately by tested gear according to same tolerance range
Transverse tooth thickness (or the parameters such as M value, distance over bar) is grouped, and the gear in same tolerance range forms gear drive group, ensure that gear
The backlash values of engagement improve gear-driven stationarity.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that gear two-sided engages measuring instrument；
Fig. 2 is tested gear radial direction comprehensive deviation curve graph, and F ' r indicates that circular runout, F ' i indicate radial comprehensive inclined in figure
Difference, f ' i indicate a tooth footpath to comprehensive deviation；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that No. 1 tooth socket of master gear is meshed with the specific tooth of conjugation calibration gear；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that master gear turns over an angular pitch；
Fig. 5 is schematic diagram when master gear is separated with conjugation calibration gear.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig.1, gear two-sided of the invention engages measuring instrument, including pedestal 1, computer 2, grating sensor 3, motor
4 and slide plate 5, the slide plate 5 is set on pedestal 1 by guide rail 6, and the top rotation of slide plate 5 is equipped with the first locating shaft 7, slide plate 5
Top is equipped with grating sensor 3 by the first locating shaft 7, and the output shaft of the motor 4 stretches to top and the connection of pedestal 1 vertically
There is the second locating shaft 12, the grating sensor 3 connects computer 2 by data collecting card 8, and the computer 2 passes through driving
Device 9 connects motor 4.In being arranged with positioning seat 10 outside the second locating shaft 12 on the pedestal 1, the positioning seat 10 and slide plate 5 it
Between be equipped with connecting spring 11.
The measuring instrument detects the center between two gears away from by skill computer 2 by accurate grating sensor 3
Measurement data is managed, and drives by motor the engaged transmission of two gears automatically, compared to traditional Gear Double Contact Detection Meter,
Its integral level is improved.
The principle of gear two-sided engagement method be on the basis of tested gear axis of rotation, with radial pull spring make by
Survey the two-sided engaged transmission of gear and full-height tooth crop rotation without sideshake, tested gear it is double nibble centered on deviation conversion away from continuous change
It is dynamic to record radially comprehensive deviation curve, as shown in Figure 2.In gear two-sided engagement measurement, error curve reflection is measurement tooth
Result of the error of wheel and tested gear and instrument in radial stacking combined influence.It is double to nibble measurement result curve f (t) in Fig. 2
It can be expressed as：F (t)=R (t)+S (t)+δ (t), t indicates time of measuring in formula；R (t) indicates the periodical system of tested gear
System error；S (t) indicates the periodic system error of mark wheel gear；δ (t) indicates transient system error.
Measured using the gear two-sided theory of engagement need to obtain be tested gear radial error, if can reduce
Or eliminate influence of the master gear to measurement result, then it can significantly improve the consistency of measurement result.Therefore, the present invention is from gear
The working principle of two-sided engagement is set out, and a kind of side of elimination gear two-sided engagement measuring instrument Plays gear introducing error is proposed
Method, this method computer numerical control (CNC) gear two-sided engagement measuring instrument on, using with the same precision of master gear to be calibrated
The specific tooth of the conjugation calibration gear of grade is engaged.Each tooth of master gear to be calibrated is only with it the same as accuracy class
The specific tooth of conjugation calibration gear is engaged transmission, and after completing the calibration of some gear teeth, two are out of gear, conjugation mark
Fixed gear returns to initial position, and making each gear motion of two gears is all into tooth-engagement-disengagement, until obtaining complete cycle
The gear teeth to be calibrated error amount, complete calibration to gear to be calibrated.
Referring to Fig. 3 to Fig. 5, this method is specifically made of following steps：
One, each tooth socket of master gear used is successively marked with Arabic numerals in order；
Two, the conjugation that selecting has equal accuracy grade with master gear demarcates gear, chooses in conjugation calibration gear
A certain tooth is as specific tooth, (as long as in the conjugation of each tooth of master gear and selected equal accuracy grade calibration gear
A certain tooth does gear motion, so specific tooth is each tooth for emphasizing master gear and the conjugation tooth of its equal accuracy grade
The same tooth of wheel does gear motion)；
Three, master gear and conjugation calibration gear are installed on gear two-sided engagement measuring instrument, master gear is installed to
On first locating shaft 7 of slide plate 5, on the second locating shaft 12 of the output axis connection that conjugation calibration gear is installed to motor 4, allow altogether
Specific tooth in yoke calibration gear is meshed with first tooth socket in master gear；
Four, master gear turns over an angular pitch according to the rotation direction of setting under the driving of conjugation calibration gear, this
When gear two-sided engagement measuring instrument in grating sensor 3 read master gear and conjugation calibration gear between center away from variation
Amount, and computer 2 is sent data to by data collecting card 8；
Five, engaging the slide plate 5 in measuring instrument by gear two-sided drives master gear is mobile it is made to demarcate gear with conjugation
Separation drives conjugation calibration gear reversely to go to initial position, then drives master gear to move by slide plate 5 by motor 4 later
Dynamic second tooth socket made thereon and specific tooth engagement；
Six, repeat aforesaid operations step, until master gear rotate one week all tooth socket made thereon successively one by one with spy
Fixed tooth is engaged；
Seven, conjugation calibration gear is removed, tested gear is installed on the second locating shaft of output shaft 12 of motor, standard is made
Gear and tested gear are engaged transmission, are read between master gear and tested gear by grating sensor 3 at this time
The heart sends data to computer 2 away from variable quantity, and by data collecting card 8；
Eight, the data measured in step 7 and the step 1 data measured into step 6 are overlapped by computer 2,
The radial comprehensive deviation value of tested gear is obtained, the curve that final measurement is formed is the radial comprehensive deviation of tested gear
Curve.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method eliminated gear two-sided engagement measuring instrument Plays gear and introduce error, wherein the gear two-sided is nibbled
Closing measuring instrument includes pedestal (1), computer (2), grating sensor (3), motor (4) and slide plate (5), and the slide plate (5) passes through
Guide rail (6) is set on pedestal (1), and the top rotation of slide plate (5) is equipped with the first locating shaft (7), and the top of slide plate (5) is fixed in first
Grating sensor (3) are equipped with by position axis (7), the output shaft of the motor (4) stretches to the top of pedestal (1) vertically and is connected with the
Two locating shafts (12), for the grating sensor (3) by data collecting card (8) connection computer (2), the computer (2) is logical
Overdrive device (9) connection motor (4)；It is arranged with positioning seat (10) on the pedestal (1) in outside the second locating shaft (12), it is described fixed
Connecting spring (11) are equipped between position seat (10) and slide plate (5)；
The method eliminated gear two-sided engagement measuring instrument Plays gear and introduce error, which is characterized in that by following steps
It constitutes：
One, each tooth socket of master gear used is successively marked with Arabic numerals in order；
Two, the conjugation that selecting has equal accuracy grade with master gear demarcates gear, chooses a certain in conjugation calibration gear
Tooth is as specific tooth；
Three, master gear and conjugation calibration gear are installed on gear two-sided engagement measuring instrument, master gear is installed to slide plate
(5) on the first locating shaft (7), on the second locating shaft (12) for the output axis connection that conjugation calibration gear is installed to motor (4),
The specific tooth in conjugation calibration gear is allowed to be meshed with first tooth socket in master gear；
Four, master gear turns over an angular pitch according to the rotation direction of setting under the driving of conjugation calibration gear, at this time tooth
The grating sensor (3) in two-sided engagement measuring instrument is taken turns to read master gear and be conjugated the center demarcated between gear away from variation
Amount, and computer (2) are sent data to by data collecting card (8)；
Five, engaging the slide plate (5) in measuring instrument by gear two-sided drives master gear is mobile to make itself and conjugation calibration gear point
From driving conjugation calibration gear reversely to go to initial position by motor (4) later, then drive master gear by slide plate (5)
Mobile second tooth socket made thereon and specific tooth engagement；
Six, repeat aforesaid operations step, until master gear rotate one week all tooth socket made thereon successively one by one with specific tooth
It is engaged；
Seven, conjugation calibration gear is removed, tested gear is installed on the second locating shaft of output shaft (12) of motor, full-height tooth is made
Wheel is engaged transmission with tested gear, is read between master gear and tested gear by grating sensor (3) at this time
The heart sends data to computer (2) away from variable quantity, and by data collecting card (8)；
Eight, the data measured in step 7 and the step 1 data measured into step 6 are overlapped by computer (2), are obtained
To the radial comprehensive deviation value of tested gear.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610888031.4A CN106289087B (en) | 2016-10-12 | 2016-10-12 | A method of it eliminating gear two-sided engagement measuring instrument Plays gear and introduces error |
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| CN201610888031.4A CN106289087B (en) | 2016-10-12 | 2016-10-12 | A method of it eliminating gear two-sided engagement measuring instrument Plays gear and introduces error |
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| CN106289087B true CN106289087B (en) | 2018-11-20 |
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| CN113607072B (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2024-03-15 | 中国科学院新疆天文台 | Large antenna scaling platform transmission system backlash error calibration mechanism and calibration method |
| CN113740058B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-11-28 | 伯朗特机器人股份有限公司 | Gear double-sided meshing detection method |
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