CN203685289U - High-altitude severe cold rich water channel permanent and temporary combined freeze-proofing drainage structure - Google Patents
High-altitude severe cold rich water channel permanent and temporary combined freeze-proofing drainage structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN203685289U CN203685289U CN201320681644.2U CN201320681644U CN203685289U CN 203685289 U CN203685289 U CN 203685289U CN 201320681644 U CN201320681644 U CN 201320681644U CN 203685289 U CN203685289 U CN 203685289U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a high-altitude severe cold rich water channel permanent and temporary combined freeze-proofing drainage structure, which is characterized in that parallel guide headings are arranged beside a position lower than a hole body section of a tunnel, and are communicated with the tunnel through a plurality of horizontal passages, a hole port section of the tunnel forms an ultrafine cement fracture surface grouting and plugging concretion ring, the two sides of a position, lower than the hole port, outside the plugging concretion ring are provided with two inclined drainage opens, and at least one ends of the parallel guide headings are communicated to the outside through an obliquely arranged drainage hole. According to the characteristics of flow of operation wind of a tunnel in a high-altitude severe cold area, main track tunnel bottom embedment and heat insulation horizontal drainage is realized by utilizing the guide headings which are firstly excavated in the construction period and lower than the position of a main track tunnel, and drainage of tunnel surrounding rock water is promoted by cooperation with longitudinal inverted V-shaped drainage pipes of the tunnel; smooth drainage of a high-altitude severe cold rich water long tunnel is realized by small holes and large-slope drainage holes formed by the water in the tunnel through a directional drilling and reaming technology in combination with the middle guide headings, and the safety and the stability of the tunnel structure are ensured.
Description
[technical field]
The utility model relates to tunnel and the underground construction technical field of civil engineering industry, is specifically related to a kind of antifreeze discharge structure of high height above sea level severe cold rich water tunnel.
[background technology]
The railway of the state cold districts such as China and American-European Japan, the investigation of the service condition of highway tunnel show, the Major Difficulties that tunnel is built in cold district is the antifreeze freeze proof problem in tunnel.Road community of Japan and the nearest statistics of Japanese railway comprehensive technology research institute show there are 1100 because of freeze injury reason in Japan's 3800 railway tunnel in the whole nation, injure traffic safety in the winter time during operation; In highway tunnel, what serious freeze injury only occurred in 302 of area, Hokkaido large-scale highway tunnels just reaches 104, for eliminating side walls ice and arch icicle, as one of management measure, be provided with electric heater unit in more tunnel, the regulation expense of input is very surprising.Layers In Cold-area Tunnels and form freeze injury reason except geological conditions, construction infection and structure types factor, its precondition is subzero temperature and water.If tunnel drainage system is obstructed, lining cutting has water will produce frost heave behind.Water (becomes ice by water) in the time undergoing phase transition, and volume will increase 9%, in the time that suffering restraints, volume expansion will produce powerful frost-heave force, data, frost-heave force numerical value can be large surprising, thereby the freeze injury of tunnel in cold area is mainly water-drainage antifreezing problem, if the underground water in the country rock of lining cutting behind is got rid of, freeze injury will alleviate greatly or eliminate.
[utility model content]
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of high height above sea level severe cold rich water tunnel forever to face the antifreeze discharge structure of combination, and obstructed because of drainage system to solve the rich water long tunnel of high height above sea level severe cold winter, lining cutting behind ponding causes frost heave and affects the problem of use.
To achieve these goals, the utility model adopts following technical scheme:
High height above sea level severe cold rich water tunnel faces an antifreeze discharge structure for combination forever, is being provided with parallel heading lower than the side of Tunnel figure, and parallel heading is communicated with tunnel by some transverse passage-ways; At least one end of parallel heading is communicated with outside, tunnel by a drain cavern being obliquely installed.
The utility model further improves and is, tunnel portal is formed with the fixed circle of superfine cement Full-face pouring shutoff; Outside the fixed circle of shutoff, be provided with the spilled water hole of two inclinations lower than openings position both sides.
The utility model further improves and is, the thickness of the fixed circle of shutoff is 3-5m.
The utility model further improves and is, the angle of spilled water hole, transverse passage-way, drain cavern and horizontal plane is all greater than 12/1000ths degree.
The utility model further improves and is, parallel heading is arranged on the section of leaving current upstream, tunnel and the position lower than tunnel main track; The diameter of parallel heading is less than the diameter in tunnel.
The utility model further improves and is, Tunnel figure is longitudinally provided with some inverted V-shaped longitudinal drainage pipes, and described inverted V-shaped longitudinal drainage pipe is communicated with some annular blind pipes; The minimum point of inverted V-shaped longitudinal drainage pipe adopts upright opening to be connected with the horizontal spilled water hole of tunnel bottom, and described horizontal spilled water hole tilts to be communicated with described parallel heading.
The utility model further improves and is, the V-type that drain cavern one end connects parallel heading end becomes the overboard hole of section, and the other end is communicated with outside, tunnel; The diameter of described drain cavern is less than the diameter of parallel heading.
The utility model further improves and is, tunnel total length adopts chevron shaped longitudinal gradient.
The utility model further improves and is, parallel heading total length adopts chevron shaped longitudinal gradient.
The utility model further improves and is, the inside 300m of tunnel portal is Portal Section.
With respect to prior art, the utlity model has following beneficial effect:
The shallow employing superfine cement of Portal Section buried depth Full-face pouring shutoff fixed Unloading Rock space and crack in the utility model, shutoff underground water; Simultaneously, the grouting and reinforcing circle outer fix at the bottom of lower than Tunnel applies two sluicing vents by tunnel face to adopt " Directional Drilling counter-boring techniques " in the strong off-load section of tunnel portal shallow embedding, reduce the pressure of grouting and reinforcing district external water pressure to tunnel and grouting and reinforcing section, even guarantee that this section of tunnel is in the anhydrous pressure ring of low hydraulic pressure border; Above two kinds of measures combine, can meet within the scope of Portal Section frost heave layer can not frost heave water requirement, even it is anhydrous to realize under the cryogenic conditions of hole after lining cutting few water, guarantee tunnel portal lining cutting operation security.
What in the utility model, adopt in the buried rich water section of tunnel trunk that the construction period constructs in advance is positioned at inflow direction, tunnel one side, lower than the parallel heading in main track tunnel, forms the non-penetrating heavy grade in the two ends passage that catchments.Take full advantage of that large section water-rich constructing tunnel phase is accelerated progress and the parallel heading in advance taked, realized temporary works forever-face the effect of combination.
The utility model in tunnel buried barrel section cancelled the Deeply buried ditch at middle part, tunnel, change longitudinal drainage is the horizontal heavy grade draining to parallel heading, realize effect buried, heavy grade Quick drainage, eliminate and deep-cut the ditch tunnel invert causing of constructing because of tunnel middle part and can not seal in time, poor stability, and construction quality is difficult to the feature guaranteeing.Cancel the Deeply buried ditch at middle part, tunnel, longitudinal drainage pipe in both sides, tunnel adopts " V " font to arrange, strengthens the rill gradient of longitudinal water, accelerates the flow velocity of water; " V " font longitudinal drainage low spot adopts upright opening to be connected with the horizontal heavy grade spilled water hole of tunnel bottom.
The utility model parallel heading all adopts herringbone slope with tunnel, and " V " type that forms in parallel heading end becomes the overboard hole of section; Bottom, overboard hole is connected with heavy grade spilled water hole.Hole internal water accumulation is by the heavy grade drain cavern that adopts " Directional Drilling counter-boring techniques " to form under parallel heading position outside hole, drain cavern becomes the overboard hole of section by parallel heading end " V " type and is connected with parallel heading, utilize " large section diminish section increase water velocity ", " strengthen drainage grade and accelerate flow velocity " principle, realize the carrying out smoothly of preventing freeze in winter draining of the rich water long tunnel of high height above sea level severe cold.
The utility model is by Full-face pouring water reinforcement, water (flow) direction is catchmented lower than the parallel heading in main track tunnel, the large section section that diminishes is accelerated water velocity, heavy grade drop is accelerated water flow structure, guarantee the smooth and easy excretion of high height above sea level severe cold rich water tunnel tunnel groundwater in winter, prevent that the tunnel structure frost heaving failure and the tunnel that cause because of the drainage difficulty of underground water from prolonging ice obstruction tunnel.The utility model has considerable value to rapid construction and the aspect such as structural safety, quality of operation phase of guaranteeing severe cold rich water tunnel.The parallel heading of rich water long tunnel construction period is become to a part for the permanent drainage works in tunnel, realize the antifreeze discharge structure of the rich water long tunnel of high height above sea level severe cold " forever-face " combination.
The utility model make full use of buried section of long tunnel middle part country rock water temperature inside on the occasion of feature, according to the feature of tunnel, plateau and cold climate area a reinforced operation wind flow, utilize the construction period to excavate in advance, lower than the parallel heading of main track tunnel location, realize the buried insulation transverse drainage of main track tunnel bottom, coordinate tunnel longitudinally fall " V " shape gutter strengthen tunnel surrounding water under let out; Duck eye footpath, the heavy grade drain cavern that in tunnel, water forms by " Directional Drilling counter-boring techniques " coordinates middle part parallel heading to realize the smooth draining of the rich water long tunnel of high height above sea level severe cold, guarantees the safe, stable of tunnel structure.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 is that the rich water long tunnel of a kind of high height above sea level severe cold of the utility model faces the omnidistance segmentation in tunnel and draining schematic top plan view in the antifreeze discharge structure of combination forever.
Fig. 2 is the slip casting shutoff of tunnel portal Shallow Section and the draining schematic diagram of analysing and observe along 16-16 line in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is Portal Section draining schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is that the buried rich water section in tunnel is longitudinally fallen " V " type drainage system figure.
Fig. 5 be in buried section of tunnel country rock crevice water discharged to parallel heading schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the outside drainage system of parallel heading.
[specific embodiment]
Refer to shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, a kind of high height above sea level severe cold rich water tunnel of the utility model faces the antifreeze discharge structure of combination forever, adopt the structure of following several water-proof drainages, solve high height above sea level severe cold rich water tunnel obstructed because of drainage system, lining cutting behind ponding causes frost heave and affects the problem of use.High height above sea level refers generally to area more than mean sea level 3000m, severe cold refer generally to winter the coldest a month temperature on average lower than-15 ℃.
1, buried section of Portal Section and barrel divided into according to buried depth in tunnel.Portal Section is got the inside 300m of tunnel portal; All the other are barrel section, and if 1-2 section in Fig. 1 is Portal Section, 2-4 section is barrel section; In Fig. 1, only draw tunnel half, second half is not shown.Owing to facing sky off-load or because shallow embedding causes rock mass fracture growth, being subject to the impact of surface water, easily there is frost heave in Portal Section.Barrel Fu Shui location country rock weakness adopts light section parallel heading (6-7) to connect in advance in construction, and parallel heading can be opened work plane more, accelerates the target of drilling depth.Make full use of the drainage channel of this parallel heading as the rich water section of operation ponding and tunnel at this section of tunnel; This structures/methods makes full use of the positive temperature characteristics of tunnel surrounding crevice water, and in the drainage procedure of having avoided causing because of tunnel wind-tunnel in tunnel middle part draining, water temperature decline causes and freezes phenomenon.
2, hole shallow embedding off-load weathering section adopts superfine cement slip casting blocking technology, and (22, as shown in Figure 2), shutoff country rock and earth's surface are underground within the scope of tunnel portal Duan Yizhou 3-5m, to form the fixed circle of superfine cement Full-face pouring shutoff; Outside the fixed circle of shutoff, by adopting Directional Drilling counter-boring techniques to form two heavy grade spilled water holes (19-17) lower than openings position both sides outside the fixed circle of hole place full section curtain-grouting shutoff, spilled water hole (19-17) is greater than 12/1000ths degree with the angle 18 of horizontal plane as shown in Figure 3, according to concrete landform and distance, this angle is the bigger the better, more be conducive to accelerate water velocity, make water discharge as early as possible tunnel.Both sides spilled water hole (19-17), for fast the ground water discharge of country rock outside fixed shutoff circle being expelled to outside tunnel, reduces the water pressure on the fixed circle of shutoff, meet within the scope of Portal Section frost heave layer can not frost heave water requirement.
3, tunnel total length adopts " people " font longitudinal gradient.Utilize interim parallel heading of construction period (6-7) to form tunnel surrounding ponding hole; Parallel heading is arranged on rich water section current upstream, tunnel and lower than main track, it is at constructing tunnel phase charge for remittance, precipitation in advance.During tunnel operation, tunnel road surface water etc. enters transverse passage-way when constructing of water in tunnel lining (in Fig. 1 shown in 2-6,8-11,9-12,10-13,3-14 and 4-7) heavy grade and enters parallel heading; The angle of transverse passage-way and horizontal plane is greater than 12/1000ths degree, and this angle is the bigger the better, and is more conducive to accelerate water velocity.Adopt inflow direction, the tunnel one side parallel heading lower than main track tunnel, form the non-penetrating heavy grade in the two ends passage that catchments.It takes full advantage of that large section water-rich constructing tunnel phase is accelerated progress and the parallel heading in advance taked, realized temporary works forever-face the effect of combination.
4, in the rich water section of tunnel trunk, cancellation center Deeply buried ditch, change longitudinal drainage is the horizontal heavy grade draining to parallel heading, realize effect buried, heavy grade Quick drainage, eliminate and deep-cut the ditch tunnel invert causing of constructing because of tunnel middle part and can not seal in time, poor stability, and construction quality is difficult to the feature guaranteeing.As shown in Figure 4, longitudinal drainage pipe in both sides adopts " V " font to arrange, strengthens the rill gradient of longitudinal water, accelerates the flow velocity of water in tunnel longitudinal drainage; The minimum point (8,21) of " V " font longitudinal drainage pipe adopts upright opening to be connected with the horizontal heavy grade spilled water hole of tunnel bottom (23-24), laterally the angle of heavy grade spilled water hole and horizontal plane is greater than 12/1000ths degree, this angle is the bigger the better, and is more conducive to accelerate water velocity.Adopt " Directional Drilling counter-boring techniques " to form heavy grade spilled water hole (23-24); The water that many annular blind pipes are collected is pooled to down " V " font longitudinal drainage pipe, fall " V " font longitudinal drainage pipe fast by water discharged to minimum point (8,21), drain into fast in parallel heading by upright opening and horizontal heavy grade spilled water hole (23-24).Utilize and strengthen drainage grade quickening flow velocity and longitudinally lower than frost heave layer heavy grade drain hole method, realize the object that rich water section wall-rock crack water collects to parallel heading fast.
5, by the heavy grade drain cavern (6-15) that adopts " Directional Drilling counter-boring techniques " to form under parallel heading position outside hole; Drain cavern becomes the overboard hole of section by parallel heading end " V " type and is connected with parallel heading, the diameter of drain cavern is less than the diameter of parallel heading, water in parallel heading becomes the overboard hole of section by " V " type of end and flows into drain cavern, because drain cavern diameter is less than parallel heading, accelerate the flow velocity of water in drain cavern, Tunnel figure collects the water of parallel heading and finally gets rid of outside tunnel by drain cavern; Utilize " large section diminish section increase water velocity ", " strengthen drainage grade and accelerate flow velocity " principle, realize the carrying out smoothly of preventing freeze in winter draining of the rich water long tunnel of high height above sea level severe cold.Heavy grade drain cavern (6-15) is greater than 12/1000ths degree with the angle 20 of horizontal plane, and this angle is the bigger the better, and is more conducive to accelerate water velocity; The diameter of drain cavern is little and water velocity is fast, and the cold wind outside tunnel is difficult to enter parallel heading by drain cavern, further guarantees in parallel heading that current are the positive Wen Buhui frost heave of freezing.
Claims (9)
1. high height above sea level severe cold rich water tunnel faces an antifreeze discharge structure for combination forever, it is characterized in that, is being provided with parallel heading lower than the side of Tunnel figure, and parallel heading is communicated with tunnel by some transverse passage-ways; At least one end of parallel heading is communicated with outside, tunnel by a drain cavern being obliquely installed.
2. a kind of high height above sea level severe cold rich water tunnel according to claim 1 faces the antifreeze discharge structure of combination forever, it is characterized in that, tunnel portal is formed with the fixed circle of superfine cement Full-face pouring shutoff; Outside the fixed circle of shutoff, be provided with the spilled water hole of two inclinations lower than openings position both sides.
3. a kind of high height above sea level severe cold rich water tunnel according to claim 2 faces the antifreeze discharge structure of combination forever, it is characterized in that, the thickness of the fixed circle of shutoff is 3-5m.
4. a kind of high height above sea level severe cold rich water tunnel according to claim 2 faces the antifreeze discharge structure of combination forever, it is characterized in that, the angle of spilled water hole and horizontal plane is greater than 12/1000ths degree.
5. a kind of high height above sea level severe cold rich water tunnel according to claim 1 faces the antifreeze discharge structure of combination forever, it is characterized in that, parallel heading is arranged on the section of leaving current upstream, tunnel and the position lower than tunnel main track; The diameter of parallel heading is less than the diameter in tunnel.
6. a kind of high height above sea level severe cold rich water tunnel according to claim 1 faces the antifreeze discharge structure of combination forever, it is characterized in that, Tunnel figure is longitudinally provided with some inverted V-shaped longitudinal drainage pipes, and described inverted V-shaped longitudinal drainage pipe is communicated with some annular blind pipes; The minimum point of inverted V-shaped longitudinal drainage pipe adopts upright opening to be connected with the horizontal spilled water hole of tunnel bottom, and described horizontal spilled water hole tilts to be communicated with described parallel heading.
7. a kind of high height above sea level severe cold rich water tunnel according to claim 1 faces the antifreeze discharge structure of combination forever, it is characterized in that, the V-type that drain cavern one end connects parallel heading end becomes the overboard hole of section, and the other end is communicated with outside, tunnel; The diameter of described drain cavern is less than the diameter of parallel heading.
8. a kind of high height above sea level severe cold rich water tunnel according to claim 1 faces the antifreeze discharge structure of combination forever, it is characterized in that, tunnel total length adopts chevron shaped longitudinal gradient.
9. a kind of high height above sea level severe cold rich water tunnel according to claim 2 faces the antifreeze discharge structure of combination forever, it is characterized in that, parallel heading total length adopts chevron shaped longitudinal gradient.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320681644.2U CN203685289U (en) | 2013-10-30 | 2013-10-30 | High-altitude severe cold rich water channel permanent and temporary combined freeze-proofing drainage structure |
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| CN201320681644.2U CN203685289U (en) | 2013-10-30 | 2013-10-30 | High-altitude severe cold rich water channel permanent and temporary combined freeze-proofing drainage structure |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103541762A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-01-29 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Permanent and temporary combined anti-freezing drainage structure and method for high altitude severe cold rich water tunnel |
| CN110630325A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-12-31 | 中铁隧道集团一处有限公司 | Draining method for long-distance tunnel by utilizing horizontal directional drilling |
| CN112627889A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-09 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | High-cold long and large railway tunnel anti-freezing structure and method utilizing surrounding rock underground water heat energy |
-
2013
- 2013-10-30 CN CN201320681644.2U patent/CN203685289U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103541762A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-01-29 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Permanent and temporary combined anti-freezing drainage structure and method for high altitude severe cold rich water tunnel |
| CN103541762B (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2015-08-05 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of High aititude severe cold rich water tunnel faces the antifreeze water discharge method of combination forever |
| CN110630325A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-12-31 | 中铁隧道集团一处有限公司 | Draining method for long-distance tunnel by utilizing horizontal directional drilling |
| CN112627889A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-09 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | High-cold long and large railway tunnel anti-freezing structure and method utilizing surrounding rock underground water heat energy |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20140702 Termination date: 20141030 |
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| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |