CN203630065U - Heat flux measuring device of water-sediment interface - Google Patents
Heat flux measuring device of water-sediment interface Download PDFInfo
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- CN203630065U CN203630065U CN201320865860.2U CN201320865860U CN203630065U CN 203630065 U CN203630065 U CN 203630065U CN 201320865860 U CN201320865860 U CN 201320865860U CN 203630065 U CN203630065 U CN 203630065U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a heat flux measuring device of a water-sediment interface. The device comprises an upper water tank with a first accommodating chamber, a lower water tank provided with the first accommodating chamber, and a sediment sample accommodating piece provided with sediment sample accommodating chambers which are respectively communicated with the first and second through holes, wherein the upper water tank is provided with an upper water inlet and an upper water outlet communicated with the first accommodating chamber, and a first through hole which is located between the upper water inlet and the upper water outlet is formed on the bottom wall of the first accommodating chamber; the lower water tank is provided with a lower water inlet and a water outlet communicated with a second accommodating chamber, and a second through hole is formed on the top wall of the second accommodating chamber; and the upper end of the sediment sample accommodating piece is connected with the upper water tank while the lower end thereof is connected with the lower water tank. By using the heat flux measuring device of the water-sediment interface provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the heat flux of the water-sediment interface and the vertical diffusion coefficient of heat of the sediment can be precisely measured.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism.
Background technology
Water temperature is an of paramount importance physical index in lake, not only the density to lake water and motion exert an influence, but also controlling all kinds of chemical reaction velocities in lake, that decision lake biological growth is bred and the movable important physical factor, can affect lake biology community structure, lake water quality is had to material impact.Lake water temperature is not only Water Evaporation, water balance is calculated the factor that must consider, is also sedimentation and the indispensable key element of water and soil boundary material exchange research.Therefore, understand fully lake water temperature Changing Pattern, be not only conducive to disclose the feature of lake power, be also conducive to lake ecological environment research.At present, the most of lake of China is in middle-nutrient and eutrophic state.Because these lake algal blooms and aquatic vegetation distribute and change, regional water supply safety, view and fishery resources are all had to important impact, be focus and the focus that people pay close attention to for a long time always, and set up the algal bloom forecasting technique based on experimental formula and process model.In these experimental formula forecasts and process model, lake temperature is the important parameter calculating.For shallow lake, Water-sediment interface thermoflux is impact and the key factor of controlling lake water temperature, therefore carries out Water-sediment interface calorimetric determination and not only has the important theory meaning and also have important practical significance.
Utility model content
An object of the present utility model is accurately to measure the Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism of Water-sediment interface thermoflux.
For achieving the above object, according to the utility model proposes a kind of Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism, described Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism comprises: upper flume, in described upper flume, there is the first container cavity, described upper flume is provided with water inlet and upper water-out mouth, described upper water inlet and described upper water-out mouth are all communicated with described the first container cavity, and the diapire of wherein said the first container cavity is provided with the first through hole and described the first through hole on described between water inlet and described upper water-out mouth; Lower flume, has the second container cavity in described lower flume, described lower flume is provided with lower water inlet and lower outlet, and described lower water inlet and described lower outlet are all communicated with described the second container cavity, and the roof of wherein said the second container cavity is provided with the second through hole; With sediment sample receiving member, in described sediment sample receiving member, there is sediment sample container cavity, the upper end of wherein said sediment sample receiving member is connected with described upper flume and lower end is connected with described lower flume, and described sediment sample container cavity is communicated with described the first through hole and described the second through hole respectively.
Can accurately measure heat vertical diffusion coefficient in Water-sediment interface thermoflux and sediment by utilizing according to Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism of the present utility model.Described Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism also has advantages of simple in structure.
In addition, can there is following additional technical characterictic according to Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism of the present utility model:
Described upper flume is made up of heat-barrier material.In the time utilizing described Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism to measure Water-sediment interface thermoflux, can prevent that the heat of the water in described upper flume runs off, thereby can more accurately measure Water-sediment interface thermoflux like this.
Described lower flume and described sediment sample receiving member are made by heat-barrier material.The heat that can prevent so whole described Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism runs off, thereby can more accurately measure Water-sediment interface thermoflux.
Described Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism also comprises upper flume thermofin, and described upper flume thermofin is located on the outside surface of described upper flume.By described upper flume thermofin is set on the outside surface of described upper flume, thereby the heat that can prevent the water in described upper flume in the time utilizing described Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism to measure Water-sediment interface thermoflux runs off, and can more accurately measure like this Water-sediment interface thermoflux.
Described Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism also comprises lower flume thermofin on the outside surface that is located at described lower flume and is located at the receiving member thermofin on the outside surface of described sediment sample receiving member.By described lower flume thermofin being set on the outside surface of described lower flume and described receiving member thermofin being set on the outside surface of described sediment sample receiving member, thereby the heat that can prevent whole described Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism runs off, and can more accurately measure like this Water-sediment interface thermoflux.
Described upper flume is cardinal principle cuboid, wherein said upper water inlet connects the left side wall of described upper flume along the thickness direction of the left side wall of described upper flume, the thickness direction of the right side wall of upper flume connects the right side wall of described upper flume described in described upper water-out opening's edge.The advantages such as that described like this Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism has is simple in structure, low cost of manufacture.
Described the second through hole on left and right directions between described lower water inlet and described lower outlet.
Described lower flume is cardinal principle cuboid, wherein said lower water inlet connects the left side wall of described lower flume along the thickness direction of the left side wall of described lower flume, described lower outlet connects the right side wall of described lower flume along the thickness direction of the right side wall of described lower flume.The advantages such as that described like this Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism has is simple in structure, low cost of manufacture.
Described sediment sample receiving member is that general cylindrical and described sediment sample container cavity are general cylindrical.Can under the equal consumptive material of use, increase the space in described sediment sample container cavity like this.
The top and bottom of described sediment sample container cavity are all opened wide, and the diapire of described the first container cavity is provided with the first wire netting that covers described the first through hole, and the roof of described the second container cavity is provided with the second wire netting that covers described the second through hole.Can make so described sediment sample container cavity be communicated with described the first through hole and described the second through hole more easily.And by described the first wire netting and described the second wire netting are set, can play protection Water-sediment interface and avoid current disturbance and fix sediment, but not affect the effect of thermoflux.
Additional aspect of the present utility model and advantage in the following description part provide, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize by practice of the present utility model.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present utility model and advantage accompanying drawing below combination is understood becoming the description of embodiment obviously and easily, wherein:
Fig. 1 is according to the structural representation of the Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism of the utility model embodiment.
Embodiment
Describe embodiment of the present utility model below in detail, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has the element of identical or similar functions from start to finish.Be exemplary below by the embodiment being described with reference to the drawings, only for explaining the utility model, and can not be interpreted as restriction of the present utility model.
After utility model people in depth studies, find, water temperature is an of paramount importance physical index in lake, is the key factor that determines algal grown, and lake aquatic vegetation prosperity and decline and water temperature change closely related.Supply with under comparatively sufficient condition at lake nitrogen phosphorus, water temperature just becomes the lake that determines that the key factor, particularly exchange water cycle of lake aquatic plant and algal grown are grown, and water temperature is the determinative of algae and aquatic plants growth especially.
Because the impact of temperature on algae bio do not considered in experimental formula forecast, the forecast model products therefore providing is only the average daily horizontal distribution of algae bio amount, and this and the instantaneous algal bloom of lake surface distribute and has larger difference, only can be used for the analysis of short time yardstick.For the forecast based on process model, although comprised the impact of water temperature on algae and submerged plant growth in model, but lack the computing module of determining water temperature change procedure in model, water temperature is taken as known quantity input model, relation is definite for many years while specifically processing, to use temperature and water temperature.But water temperature is not only relevant to temperature, also to go out calculated flow into lake, Water-sediment interface exchange heat and water body material composition relevant with intensity of solar radiation, Water Evaporation, water surface wind field, water level, river, particularly water temperature is relevant to water body upper strata algae bio amount, and this can make process model not calculate accurately and really produce larger error because of water thermometer in the time of forecast algal bloom.
Describe according to the Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism 10 of the utility model embodiment below with reference to Fig. 1.As shown in Figure 1, comprise upper flume 100, lower flume 200 and sediment sample receiving member 300 according to the Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism 10 of the utility model embodiment.Wherein, above-below direction A is as shown in the direction of arrow in Fig. 1.
In upper flume 100, there is the first container cavity 110, upper flume 100 is provided with water inlet 120 and upper water-out mouth 130, upper water inlet 120 and upper water-out mouth 130 are all communicated with the first container cavity 110, and wherein the diapire 140 of the first container cavity 110 is provided with the first through hole 141 and the first through hole 141 between upper water inlet 120 and upper water-out mouth 130.In lower flume 200, have the second container cavity 210, lower flume 200 is provided with lower water inlet 230 and lower outlet 240, and lower water inlet 230 and lower outlet 240 are all communicated with the second container cavity 210, and wherein the roof 220 of the second container cavity 210 is provided with the second through hole 221.In sediment sample receiving member 300, there is sediment sample container cavity 310(sediment sample container cavity 310 for holding the dissimilar sediment sample of collection in worksite), wherein the upper end of sediment sample receiving member 300 is connected with upper flume 100, and the lower end of sediment sample receiving member 300 is connected with lower flume 200, sediment sample container cavity 310 is communicated with the first through hole 141 and the second through hole 221 respectively.
Below with reference to Fig. 1, the method for measuring Water-sediment interface thermoflux and sediment heat vertical diffusion coefficient according to the Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism 10 of the utility model embodiment of utilizing is described.Described measuring method comprises:
A) in upper flume 100, inject the first predetermined temperature T with the first predetermined flow velocity water inlet 120 from the upper flume 100 of Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism 10
on enterwater, and toward lower flume 200, inject the 3rd predetermined temperature T from the lower outlet 240 of the lower flume 200 of Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism 10 with the second predetermined flow velocity
be lowered towater; With
The temperature of the water that B) monitor described the first predetermined temperature, flows out from upper water-out mouth 130, described the 3rd predetermined temperature, described the first predetermined flow velocity and described the second predetermined flow velocity;
C) the dissimilar sediment sample of collection in worksite is put into the sediment sample container cavity 310 of the sediment sample receiving member 300 of Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism 10;
The temperature of the water that D) monitor described the first predetermined temperature, flows out from upper water-out mouth 130, described the 3rd predetermined temperature, described the first predetermined flow velocity and described the second predetermined flow velocity, the Water-sediment interface temperature of upper flume 100 and the Water-sediment interface temperature of lower flume 200;
E) calculate described Water-sediment interface thermoflux Q according to formula I
s, and calculate sediment heat vertical diffusion coefficient according to formula II.
Q
s=ρ CQ[T
upper d goes out+ S
0/ S
on(T
on enter-T
upper d goes out)-T
on go out]/S
0(I)
Wherein Q
sfor Water-sediment interface unit area thermoflux, C is water
ratioheat, the density of ρ water, T
upper d goes outthe temperature of the water flowing out from upper water-out mouth 130 when thering is no sediment sample in sediment sample container cavity 310, S
0for Water-sediment interface area, S
upper tablebe the appearance total area of the first container cavity 110, T
on go outthe temperature of the water flowing out from upper water-out mouth 130 when being provided with sediment sample in sediment sample container cavity 310, Q is the flow of the water that flows out from upper water-out mouth 130;
K
t={ Q
s/ (ρ C)-S
20.5[Q(T
be lowered to-T
lower d goes out)/S
following table+ Q(T
on enter-T
upper d goes out)/S
upper table] L/ (T
on-T
under) (II)
Wherein, K
tfor sediment heat vertical diffusion coefficient, S
2for the exterior surface area of sediment sample receiving member 300, S
following tablebe the appearance total area of the second container cavity 210, T
lower d goes outthe temperature of the water flowing out from lower outlet 240 when thering is no sediment sample in sediment sample container cavity 310, T
be lowered tothe temperature of the water flowing into from lower water inlet 230 when thering is no sediment sample in sediment sample container cavity 310, L is the length of the sediment sample in sediment sample container cavity 310, T
onbe the Water-sediment interface temperature of the first container cavity 110, T
underit is the Water-sediment interface temperature of the second container cavity 210.
The Water-sediment interface thermoflux obtaining is applied in in-situ test, its result of calculation is combined with the observation data of on-the-spot near-bottom water temperature gradient, and calculate the vertical diffusion coefficient of near-bottom water temperature according to formula III, inquire into the vertical diffusion coefficient of near-bottom water temperature and the quantitative relationship of Water-sediment interface temperature and sediment lapse rate.
In formula II, Q is Water-sediment interface thermoflux; T is the temperature of near-bottom water; λ
the endit is sediment water temperature vertical diffusion coefficient.
Can accurately measure Water-sediment interface thermoflux and sediment heat vertical diffusion coefficient by utilizing according to the Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism 10 of the utility model embodiment.Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism 10 also has advantages of simple in structure.
Can accurately measure Water-sediment interface thermoflux according to the method for utilizing Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism 10 to measure Water-sediment interface thermoflux of the utility model embodiment.
In embodiment more of the present utility model, upper flume 100 can be made up of heat-barrier material.In the time utilizing Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism 10 to measure Water-sediment interface thermoflux, can prevent that the heat of the water in upper flume 100 runs off, thereby can more accurately measure Water-sediment interface thermoflux like this.
Advantageously, lower flume 200 and sediment sample receiving member 300 can be made up of heat-barrier material, can prevent that like this heat of whole Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism 10 runs off, thereby can more accurately measure Water-sediment interface thermoflux.
In examples more of the present utility model, Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism 10 can also comprise upper flume thermofin, and described upper flume thermofin can be located on the outside surface of upper flume 100.Wherein, the outside surface of upper flume 100 refers to the surface away from the first container cavity 110 of upper flume 100.By described upper flume thermofin is set on the outside surface at upper flume 100, thereby the heat that can prevent the water in upper flume 100 in the time utilizing Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism 10 to measure Water-sediment interface thermoflux runs off, and can more accurately measure like this Water-sediment interface thermoflux.Described upper flume thermofin can also be located on the inside surface of upper flume 100.Wherein, the inside surface of upper flume 100 refers to the surface of vicinity first container cavity 110 of upper flume 100.
Advantageously, Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism 10 can also comprise lower flume thermofin and receiving member thermofin, described lower flume thermofin can be located on the outside surface of lower flume 200, and described receiving member thermofin can be located on the outside surface of sediment sample receiving member 300.By described lower flume thermofin being set on the outside surface at lower flume 200 and described receiving member thermofin being set on the outside surface of sediment sample receiving member 300, thereby the heat that can prevent whole Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism 10 runs off, and can more accurately measure like this Water-sediment interface thermoflux.Wherein, the outside surface of lower flume 200 refers to the surface away from the second container cavity 210 of lower flume 200, and the outside surface of sediment sample receiving member 300 refers to the surface away from sediment sample container cavity 310 of sediment sample receiving member 300.
Described lower flume thermofin can also be located on the inside surface of lower flume 200, and described receiving member thermofin can also be located on the inside surface of sediment sample receiving member 300.Wherein, the inside surface of lower flume 200 refers to the surface of vicinity second container cavity 210 of lower flume 200, and the inside surface of sediment sample receiving member 300 refers to the surface of the contiguous sediment sample container cavity 310 of sediment sample receiving member 300.
As shown in Figure 1, in an embodiment of the present utility model, upper flume 100 can be cardinal principle cuboid, wherein go up the left side wall 150 that water inlet 120 can connect along the thickness direction of the left side wall of upper flume 100 150 upper flume 100, upper water-out mouth 130 can connect along the thickness direction of the right side wall of upper flume 100 160 right side wall 160 of upper flume 100.Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism 10 has the advantages such as simple in structure, low cost of manufacture like this.Preferably, the first container cavity 110 can be also cardinal principle cuboid.
In an example of the present utility model, as shown in Figure 1, lower flume 200 can be cardinal principle cuboid, wherein descend water inlet 230 can connect along the thickness direction of the left side wall of lower flume 200 250 left side wall 250 of lower flume 200, lower outlet 240 can connect along the thickness direction of the right side wall of lower flume 200 260 right side wall 260 of lower flume 200.Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism 10 has the advantages such as simple in structure, low cost of manufacture like this.Preferably, the second container cavity 210 can be also cardinal principle cuboid.
Particularly, the first through hole 141 can be between upper water inlet 120 and upper water-out mouth 130 on left and right directions, and the second through hole 221 can be between lower water inlet 230 and lower outlet 240 on left and right directions.Wherein, left and right directions B is as shown in the direction of arrow in Fig. 1.
As shown in Figure 1, in an example of the present utility model, sediment sample receiving member 300 can be general cylindrical, and sediment sample container cavity 310 can be general cylindrical.Can under the equal consumptive material of use, increase the space in sediment sample container cavity 310 like this.Sediment sample receiving member 300 can be orthogonal with upper flume 100 and lower flume 200 respectively.Particularly, upper flume 100 can flatly arrange and lower flume 200 also can flatly arrange, and sediment sample receiving member 300 can arrange vertically, can make like this structure of Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism 10 more reasonable.
Advantageously, the upper end of sediment sample container cavity 310 is opened wide and the lower end of sediment sample container cavity 310 is also opened wide, and can make like this sediment sample container cavity 310 be communicated with the first through hole 141 and the second through hole 221 more easily.In other words, the upper end of sediment sample container cavity 310 can be relative with the first through hole 141, and the upper end of sediment sample container cavity 310 can be communicated with the first through hole 141.The lower end of sediment sample container cavity 310 can be relative with the second through hole 221, and the lower end of sediment sample container cavity 310 can be communicated with the second through hole 221.
On the diapire 140 of the first container cavity 110, can be provided with the first wire netting that covers the first through hole 141, on the roof 220 of the second container cavity 210, can be provided with the second wire netting that covers the second through hole 221.Described the first wire netting and described the second wire netting not only can protect Water-sediment interface to avoid current disturbance, and can fixed leg sediment, can not affect thermoflux simultaneously.
In the description of this instructions, the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiment ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to be contained at least one embodiment of the present utility model or example in conjunction with specific features, structure, material or the feature of this embodiment or example description.In this manual, the schematic statement of above-mentioned term is not necessarily referred to identical embodiment or example.And specific features, structure, material or the feature of description can be with suitable mode combination in any one or more embodiment or example.
Although illustrated and described embodiment of the present utility model, those having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: in the situation that not departing from principle of the present utility model and aim, can carry out multiple variation, modification, replacement and modification to these embodiment, scope of the present utility model is limited by claim and equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. a Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism, is characterized in that, comprising:
Upper flume, in described upper flume, there is the first container cavity, described upper flume is provided with water inlet and upper water-out mouth, described upper water inlet and described upper water-out mouth are all communicated with described the first container cavity, and the diapire of wherein said the first container cavity is provided with the first through hole and described the first through hole on described between water inlet and described upper water-out mouth;
Lower flume, has the second container cavity in described lower flume, described lower flume is provided with lower water inlet and lower outlet, and described lower water inlet and described lower outlet are all communicated with described the second container cavity, and the roof of wherein said the second container cavity is provided with the second through hole; With
Sediment sample receiving member, in described sediment sample receiving member, there is sediment sample container cavity, the upper end of wherein said sediment sample receiving member is connected with described upper flume and lower end is connected with described lower flume, and described sediment sample container cavity is communicated with described the first through hole and described the second through hole respectively.
2. Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described upper flume is made up of heat-barrier material.
3. Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described lower flume and described sediment sample receiving member are made by heat-barrier material.
4. Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises upper flume thermofin, and described upper flume thermofin is located on the outside surface of described upper flume.
5. Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism according to claim 4, is characterized in that, also comprises lower flume thermofin on the outside surface that is located at described lower flume and is located at the receiving member thermofin on the outside surface of described sediment sample receiving member.
6. Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described upper flume is cardinal principle cuboid, wherein said upper water inlet connects the left side wall of described upper flume along the thickness direction of the left side wall of described upper flume, the thickness direction of the right side wall of upper flume connects the right side wall of described upper flume described in described upper water-out opening's edge.
7. Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described the second through hole on left and right directions between described lower water inlet and described lower outlet.
8. Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described lower flume is cardinal principle cuboid, wherein said lower water inlet connects the left side wall of described lower flume along the thickness direction of the left side wall of described lower flume, described lower outlet connects the right side wall of described lower flume along the thickness direction of the right side wall of described lower flume.
9. Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described sediment sample receiving member is that general cylindrical and described sediment sample container cavity are general cylindrical.
10. Water-sediment interface thermoflux measurement mechanism according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, the top and bottom of described sediment sample container cavity are all opened wide, the diapire of described the first container cavity is provided with the first wire netting that covers described the first through hole, and the roof of described the second container cavity is provided with the second wire netting that covers described the second through hole.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320865860.2U CN203630065U (en) | 2013-12-26 | 2013-12-26 | Heat flux measuring device of water-sediment interface |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320865860.2U CN203630065U (en) | 2013-12-26 | 2013-12-26 | Heat flux measuring device of water-sediment interface |
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| CN203630065U true CN203630065U (en) | 2014-06-04 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103645208A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-03-19 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Water-sediment boundary heat flux measuring device and method |
| CN106442616A (en) * | 2016-10-08 | 2017-02-22 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Lake water and deposit heat exchange in-situ observation device and method |
-
2013
- 2013-12-26 CN CN201320865860.2U patent/CN203630065U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103645208A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-03-19 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Water-sediment boundary heat flux measuring device and method |
| CN103645208B (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2016-01-13 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Water-sediment boundary heat flux measurement mechanism and measuring method |
| CN106442616A (en) * | 2016-10-08 | 2017-02-22 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Lake water and deposit heat exchange in-situ observation device and method |
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