Plasma panel drilling bit
Technical field
The utility model relates to oil and gas well drilling field of tool, especially a kind of plasma panel drilling bit.
Background technology
For many years, huge effect has been brought into play in the fast development that mechanical rotary drilling technology is global well drilling industry.In recent years, along with the increasing of deep-well, ultradeep well and geothermal well drilling well dynamics, conventional mechanical rotary drilling technology is not " good medicine being guaranteed to cure all diseases ", because rock is hard, complex formation, not only rate of penetration is slow for deep-well, ultradeep well wellbore construction, card spray is collapsed, and the borehole instability problems such as leakage are outstanding, have a strong impact on drilling well inefficacy, and the many serious environment pollutions of air release thing such as consumed energy is large, carbon dioxide.
Since high-pressure jet drilling started to apply the sixties in last century, this combined-breaking rock mode of mechanical rock breaking+waterpower auxiliary rock just accounts for empery status, and has researched and developed many new drills, has improved rate of penetration.For further improving rate of penetration, reduce construction cost, abroad Ge great colleges and universities, oil company and drilling well scientific worker were exploring the thermal energy such as laser drill, electric spark drill boring method and were breaking rock in recent years, but still existed many technical problems to can not get solving.
Utility model content
The utility model object is for the deficiencies in the prior art, the plasma panel drilling bit that provide a kind of and avoid drill bit heavy wear, improves rate of penetration, reduces construction cost, usefulness is high.
The utility model is to solve the problems of the technologies described above to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of plasma panel drilling bit, preset fluid passage and the electrode through hole of axial perforation at drill body, high pressure positive electrode and isolator are connected in electrode through hole, cup-shaped ground electrode is connected in drill body bottom, high pressure positive electrode bottom is high platen loading electrode, reserved annular pole clearance between high platen loading electrode and cup-shaped ground electrode.
A kind of refinement scheme of such scheme comprises: described drill body comprises, the outer tube being formed by outer tube top connection, outer tube body, outer tube lower contact, the inner tube being formed by inner tube top connection, interior tube body, inner tube lower contact, and be connected in the upper and lower wiper block between inner and outer pipe; Described fluid passage is the annular gap between inner and outer pipes; Described electrode through hole is the intracavity through hole of inner tube; Described high pressure positive electrode is to be connected to form successively from top to bottom by cable core, connector, high pressure handle and high platen loading electrode, and its outside is connected in the inner chamber of inner tube by isolator; Described cup-shaped ground electrode is connected in outer tube lower contact bottom, and by outer tube the electric conductor as cup-shaped ground electrode.
The another kind of refinement scheme of such scheme comprises: described drill body comprises, the outer tube being formed by outer tube top connection, outer tube body, outer tube lower contact, the inner tube being formed by inner tube top connection, interior tube body, inner tube lower contact, and be connected in the upper and lower wiper block between inner and outer pipe; Described fluid passage is the annular gap between inner and outer pipes; Described electrode through hole is the intracavity through hole of inner tube; After arranging insulating layer, inner tube wall is inserted in metal tube, metal tube top access ground electrode cable; Described cup-shaped ground electrode is connected in outer tube and inner tube lower contact bottom, and be prefabricated with fluid passage connect arcuate slot, after metal tube is connected with cup-shaped ground electrode as the electric conductor of cup-shaped ground electrode; Described high pressure positive electrode is to be connected to form successively from top to bottom by cable core, connector, high pressure handle and high platen loading electrode, and its outside is connected in the inner chamber of metal tube and cup-shaped ground electrode by isolator.
Further comprising of such scheme:
Metal tube bottom is connected with cup-shaped ground electrode by conductive sleeve.
Described connector shaft, to being prefabricated with upper low groove, by screw is fixed after coordinating respectively with cable core, the grafting of high pressure handle.
The wiper block being located between inner tube and outward appearance is 3, and is separated by 120 ° along circumference.
Cup-shaped ground electrode top is separated by 120 ° and is provided with 3 arcuate slots along circumference.The arcuate slot of described wiper block and cup-shaped ground electrode vertically corresponds.
Be provided with pressure cap at inner tube top, pressure cap is threaded with inner tube top connection, is longitudinally provided with two each and every one through holes on pressure cap, and two cables pass from two through hole respectively.
Described cup-shaped ground electrode circular bottom part end face and high platen loading electrode bottom end face are in same plane.
Described outer tube top connection inner side and upper wiper block outside, outer tube lower contact inner side and lower wiper block outside are all by the screwed connection of screw thread step.
Described outer tube lower contact and inner tube lower contact and cup-shaped ground electrode are by being welded to connect.
Described outer tube is linked in sequence and is formed by outer tube top connection, outer tube body and outer tube lower contact friction butt welding; Described inner tube is linked in sequence and is formed by screw thread by inner tube top connection, interior tube body and inner tube lower contact.
Adopt the plasma drill of such scheme to be applied in wellbore construction, plasma drill and corresponding Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) can be connected to the drilling tool of down-hole by electric energy transmitting with cabling continuous-tube or other, ground is provided with pulse generating circuit and other relevant drilling equipment.
The operating principle of this drill bit is: the high strength voltage that ground impulse circuit produces transmits by high voltage cable in the gap that is added to cup-shaped ground electrode and high platen loading electrode, in gap, be full of drilling fluid liquid medium, under the effect of high voltage and pulse current, dissociating appears in the medium in pole clearance and ionization by collision becomes plasma state, thereby is full of and is formed plasma channel by dense plasma in pole clearance.Due to the result of moment high-temperature heating, plasma channel internal pressure sharply raises, can reach 3 ~ 10GPa, much larger than the hot strength of rock, thereby make plasma channel expand at a terrific speed and puncture rock, make rock fragmentation around, produce a circular duct, this phenomenon is similar to trees and is struck by lightning, but the length of thunderbolt lightning is generally more than 3000m, and high pressure pulse discharge technology can make discharge length narrow down to 1-2cm, and continuous discharge in 1s (formation plasma panel) 20~30 times, carry out erosion rock by these repetitive operations, form efficient, drilling process under state of a control.The drilling liquid flow that ground pumps into can enter the annular space forming between plasma drill inner and outer pipes by electric energy transmitting through cabling continuous-tube or other to the drilling tool of down-hole, continue descending 3 arcuate slots by cup-shaped ground electrode top and enter in the gap of cup-shaped ground electrode and high platen loading electrode, thereby the landwaste that plasma channel is punctured to fractured rock generation is along the annular carrying between outer tube outer wall and well to ground.
The utility model has the advantages that it has overcome the deficiency of existing rock crushing tool, utilize high-voltage pulse liquid phase micro discharge to act on and treat that the plasma channel forming before rock drilling punctures fractured rock, without contacting with rock surface, without mechanical lapping, can avoid drill bit heavy wear, improve rate of penetration, and the energy needing is lower, compared with conventional mechanical rotary drilling-head, cost is low and efficiency is high, also can promote the use of in other industries such as mining.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the utility model structure cross-sectional schematic.
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional schematic of Fig. 1 along A-A line.
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional schematic of Fig. 1 along B-B line.
Fig. 4 is the utility model drilling process cross-sectional schematic.
In figure: 1 outer tube top connection, 2 inner tube top connections, 3 isolators, 4 isolators (layer), 5 outer tube bodies, 6 interior tube bodies, 7 metal tubes, 8 screws, 9 inner tube lower contacts, 10 outer tube lower contacts, 11 cup-shaped ground electrodes, 12 isolators, 13 high platen loading electrodes, 14 screws, 15 pole clearances, 16 arcuate slots, 17 times wiper blocks, 18 conductive sleeves, 19 high pressure handles, 20 screw threads, 21 connectors, 22 eyelets, wiper block on 23,24 pressure caps, 25 cables core, 26 cables core, 27 annular spaces, 28 plasma channels, 29 stratum, 30 drilling fluids.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment, the utility model is further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of plasma panel drilling bit, preset fluid passage and the electrode through hole of axial perforation at drill body, high pressure positive electrode and isolator are connected in electrode through hole, cup-shaped ground electrode is connected in drill body bottom, high pressure positive electrode bottom is high platen loading electrode, reserved annular pole clearance between high platen loading electrode and cup-shaped ground electrode.
What this embodiment provided is fundamental technics route, has after the primary condition such as fluid passage and high pressure positive electrode and cup-shaped ground electrode satisfied, and tie surface equipment can complete plasma panel drilling well work.
Optimize embodiment 2
With reference to Figure of description 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, a kind of plasma panel drilling bit, comprises outer tube top connection 1, outer tube body 5, outer tube lower contact 10, inner tube top connection 2, interior tube body 6, inner tube lower contact 9, upper wiper block 23, lower wiper block 17, high platen loading electrode 13, cup-shaped ground electrode 11, high pressure handle 19, conductive sleeve 18, connector 21, metal tube 7, pressure cap 24, cable core 25,26, isolator 3,4,12.
Outer tube top connection 1, outer tube body 5 and outer tube lower contact 10 order frictions are to being welded into outer tube; Inner tube top connection 2, interior tube body 6 and inner tube lower contact 9 order screwed connections form inner tube; Inner tube top connection 2 and lower contact 9 outsides are separated by 120 ° and are equipped with 3 wiper blocks 23,17 along circumference; In outer tube top connection 1 inner side and inner tube top connection 2, wiper block 23 outsides, outer tube lower contact 10 inner sides and 9 times wiper block 17 outsides of inner tube lower contact are equipped with the screwed connection of screw thread step and form double-walled construction, thereby between inner and outer pipes, form annular space 27, formed drilling liquid flow circulation passage; High platen loading electrode 13 is connected by screw 14 with high pressure handle 19, high pressure handle 19 is connected by screw thread 20 with connector 21, high-tension electricity cable core 25 is fixed on by screw 8 in the eyelet 22 of connector, high-tension electricity cable core 25 is connected with ground pulse generating circuit, thereby form the electric connection of high platen loading electrode 13 and ground pulse generating circuit, for passage has been created in the generation of plasma channel; High pressure handle 19, connector 21, metal tube 7 and high-tension electricity cable core 25 are furnished with isolator 3,4,12 around, can prevent from, between electrode combination high voltage device and ground electrode, electrical breakdown occurs; Cup-shaped ground electrode 11, around presetting gap 15 between 13, two electrodes of high platen loading electrode, can form plasma channel in gap during this time; Conductive sleeve 18 is provided with screw thread, cup-shaped ground electrode 11 is electrically connected by conductive sleeve 18 and metal tube 7, metal tube 7 is connected with cable core 26, cable core 26 is connected with ground pulse generating circuit, thereby formed the electric connection of cup-shaped ground electrode 11 and ground pulse generating circuit, for plasma channel produce in electric current be back to ground pulse generating circuit and created passage; Cup-shaped ground electrode 11 tops are separated by 120 ° and are provided with 3 arcuate slots 16 along circumference, outer tube lower contact 10 and inner tube lower contact 9 are welded to connect by arcuate slot 16 and cup-shaped ground electrode 11, have created for drilling fluid enters pole clearance 15 from annular space 27 passage of flowing through; Pressure cap 24 is threaded with inner tube top connection 2, is longitudinally provided with 2 through holes on pressure cap 24, and cable core passes from through hole.Outer tube top connection 1, outer tube body 5, outer tube lower contact 10 tubing are drill rod for oil field tubing.Inner tube top connection 2, interior tube body 6, inner tube lower contact 9 tubing are oil field oil pipe tubing.Metal tube 7 tubing are the common metal tubing such as copper, iron.Isolator 3,4,12 is plastics or glass filled nylon.High platen loading electrode 13 and cup-shaped ground electrode 11 are stainless steel material manufacture.3, inner tube top connection 2 outside upper wiper block 23,3 the lower wiper blocks 17 in inner tube lower contact 9 outside and 3,11 top of cup-shaped ground electrode arcuate slot 16 vertically correspond.Cup-shaped ground electrode 11 circular bottom part end faces and high platen loading electrode 13 bottom end faces are in same plane.
With reference to accompanying drawing 4, in wellbore construction, plasma drill and corresponding Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) can be connected to the drilling tool of down-hole by electric energy transmitting with cabling continuous-tube or other, ground is provided with pulse generating circuit and other relevant drilling equipment.The operating principle of this drill bit is: the high strength voltage that ground impulse circuit produces is added in the gap 15 of cup-shaped ground electrode 11 and high platen loading electrode 13 by high voltage cable 25 transmission, in gap 15, be full of drilling fluid 30 liquid mediums, under the effect of high voltage and pulse current, dissociating appears in the medium in pole clearance 15 and ionization by collision becomes plasma state, thereby is full of and is formed plasma channel 28 by dense plasma in pole clearance 15.Due to the result of moment high-temperature heating, plasma channel 28 internal pressures sharply raise, can reach 3 ~ 10GPa, much larger than the hot strength of rock, thereby plasma channel 28 is expanded at a terrific speed and puncture rock 29, make rock fragmentation around, produce a circular duct, this phenomenon is similar to trees and is struck by lightning, but the length of thunderbolt lightning is generally more than 3000m, and high pressure pulse discharge technology can make discharge length narrow down to 1~2cm, and continuous discharge in 1s (formation plasma) 20~30 times, carry out erosion rock by these repetitive operations, form efficient, drilling process under state of a control.Flow through cabling continuous-tube or other of the drilling fluid 30 that ground pumps into can enter the annular space 27 forming between plasma drill inner and outer pipes by electric energy transmitting to the drilling tool of down-hole, continue descending 3 arcuate slots 16 by cup-shaped ground electrode top and enter in the gap 15 of cup-shaped ground electrode 11 and high platen loading electrode 13, thereby the landwaste that plasma channel 28 is punctured to fractured rock generation is along the annular carrying between outer tube outer wall and well to ground.
Optimizing embodiment 3 is on the basis of embodiment 2, simplifies and falls the required connecting electrode of cup-shaped ground electrode 11, and the direct jointed rod by outer tube and top of cup-shaped ground electrode 11 is as input electrode.
A kind of plasma panel drilling bit, outer tube top connection 1, outer tube body 5 and outer tube lower contact 10 order frictions are to being welded into outer tube; Inner tube top connection 2, interior tube body 6 and inner tube lower contact 9 order screwed connections form inner tube; Inner tube top connection 2 and lower contact 9 outsides are separated by 120 ° and are equipped with 3 upper wiper blocks 23, lower wiper block 17 along circumference; In outer tube top connection 1 inner side and inner tube top connection 2, wiper block 23 outsides, outer tube lower contact 10 inner sides and 9 times wiper block 17 outsides of inner tube lower contact are equipped with the screwed connection of screw thread step and form double-walled construction, thereby between inner and outer pipes, form annular space 27, formed drilling liquid flow circulation passage; High platen loading electrode 13 is connected by screw 14 with high pressure handle 19, high pressure handle 19 is connected by screw thread 20 with connector 21, high-tension electricity cable core 25 is fixed on by screw 8 in the eyelet 22 of connector, high-tension electricity cable core 25 is connected with ground pulse generating circuit, thereby form the electric connection of high platen loading electrode 13 and ground pulse generating circuit, for passage has been created in the generation of plasma channel; High pressure handle 19, connector 21, metal tube 7 and high-tension electricity cable core 25 are furnished with isolator 3,12 around, can prevent from, between electrode combination high voltage device and ground electrode, electrical breakdown occurs; Cup-shaped ground electrode 11, around presetting gap 15 between 13, two electrodes of high platen loading electrode, can form plasma channel in gap during this time; Cup-shaped ground electrode 11 outer tubes are connected with cable core 26, cable core 26 is connected with ground pulse generating circuit, thereby formed the electric connection of cup-shaped ground electrode 11 and ground pulse generating circuit, for plasma channel produce in electric current be back to ground pulse generating circuit and created passage.
According to the technical scheme of embodiment 1, the restriction of the technical scheme that the enlightenment of 2 and 3 prioritization schemes that provide, and manual in conjunction with the embodiments provides, those skilled in the art can derive more specific embodiment without performing creative labour.