CN203537259U - Five-level single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverter - Google Patents
Five-level single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverter Download PDFInfo
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- CN203537259U CN203537259U CN201320640943.1U CN201320640943U CN203537259U CN 203537259 U CN203537259 U CN 203537259U CN 201320640943 U CN201320640943 U CN 201320640943U CN 203537259 U CN203537259 U CN 203537259U
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Abstract
The utility model proposes a five-level single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverter which comprises an alternating current access port, a reactor, a power switching circuit, and a first photovoltaic cell module and a second photovoltaic cell module, wherein the alternating current access port is provided with an a end and a b end; the power switching circuit includes eight power switches; each of the first photovoltaic cell module and the second photovoltaic cell module is provided with a positive end and a negative end; and one end of the reactor is connected with the a end of the alternating current access port, and the other end of the reactor and the b end of the alternating current access port are respectively electrically connected with the power switching circuit. The five-level single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverter has few power switches, is simple in structure, reduces the dependence of the inverter on a controller, and can improve the stability of the entire system; and in actual application, the switching stress of each switch is relatively small, and thus the energy consumption of the inverter itself can be reduced, the size of a heat radiator is effectively decreased, and the overall efficiency of the inverter is increased.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of inverter, refers in particular to a kind of five level single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverters.
Background technology
Along with scientific and technical progress and the increase of approval, be obliged to go in the face of the problem of energy shortage in countries in the world.The electric energy that utilizes photovoltaic cell to produce, is transported in electrical network through combining inverter, is the main application mode of solar energy.After 2009, solar grid-connected inverter industry starts recovery, simultaneously the production scale of polysilicon expands and is conducive to solar energy and reduces at double, and also maturation gradually of the switching device of inverter and control technology, has promoted like this overall development of the interconnection technology of solar energy with regard to a step more.Solar grid-connected inverter is exactly direct current that solar cell is sent by the inverter fed net of wiring back, and visible combining inverter is core.Solar grid-connected inverter mainly contains voltage-type and current mode, and voltage source inverter requires grid-connected voltage and line voltage always; The electric current of the requirement of current mode combining inverter site is identical with line voltage, and combining inverter mainly adopts current mode at present.No matter be voltage-type or current mode, all require the direct voltage of inverter a little more than line voltage.
At present, solar inverter mainly contains three kinds of structures: power frequency isolated form, high-frequency isolation type and non-isolation type.Power frequency isolated form mainly adopts DC/AC circuit, is divided into single-phase full bridge circuit and three phase full bridge circuit.There is simple circuit, control simply, isolate with electrical network, but Industrial Frequency Transformer volume is larger, causes this structure to be applied in low power combining inverter less.High-frequency isolation type grid-connected inverter is comprised of DC/AC, AC/DC, DC/AC and high frequency transformer.Wherein the DC/AC of front end and the function of high frequency transformer are mainly that voltage is raise, then by power delivery being arrived to electrical network after inversion.High frequency transformer not only can transmission capacity can also be realized the effect of isolation.This structure has been used high frequency transformer, has overcome the larger shortcoming of Industrial Frequency Transformer volume, but because circuit structure is complicated, loss is larger, in being generally just applied to, mini system.Non-isolation type grid-connected system, is generally that the direct direct current that solar cell is produced passes through DC/DC circuit, and voltage is raised to and can inversion arrives line voltage, through DC/AC circuit, energy feedback is arrived to electrical network.This simple in structure, advantage that circuit loss is less, shortcoming is not adopt shielding system, and the fluctuation meeting of electrical network impacts grid-connected system, and therefore application is mainly mini-system.In traditional non-shielding system, inverter bridge mainly adopts H full-bridge circuit.The shortcoming of sort circuit is that harmonic content is larger, requires direct voltage to be greater than the maximum of line voltage, therefore to the booster circuit of prime, designs comparatively strict.
Utility model content
In order to solve the problem that existing solar inverter circuit structure is complicated, loss is larger, the utility model proposes a kind of five level single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverters, power switch quantity is few, simple in structure, reduce the dependence of inverter to controller, can improve the stability of whole system, reduced the energy consumption of inverter itself, effectively reduce the volume of radiator, increase inverter overall efficiency.
The technical scheme that the utility model adopts is: a kind of five level single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverters, comprise interchange access interface, reactor L1, power switch circuit and the first photovoltaic battery module, the second photovoltaic battery module, described interchange access interface is provided with a end and b end, and described power switch circuit comprises power switch Q1, power switch Q2, power switch Q3, power switch Q4, power switch Q5 and power switch Q6, described the first photovoltaic battery module and the second photovoltaic battery module all have forward end and negative end, and one end of described reactor L1 connects a end that exchanges port, the emitter of the other end of reactor L1 and power switch Q1, the collector electrode of power switch Q4 is electrically connected to, and exchanges the b end of port and the emitter of power switch Q2, the collector electrode of power switch Q3 is electrically connected to, the collector electrode of power switch Q1, the collector electrode of power switch Q2, the emitter of power switch Q5, the emitter of power switch Q6 is electrically connected to, the emitter of power switch Q3, the emitter of power switch Q4 is electrically connected to, and the forward end of the first photovoltaic battery module is electrically connected to the collector electrode of power switch Q5, the negative end of the first photovoltaic battery module, the forward end of the second photovoltaic battery module is electrically connected to the collector electrode of power switch Q6 respectively, and the negative end of the second photovoltaic battery module is electrically connected to the emitter of power switch Q3.
When the magnitude of voltage homogeneous phase while of photovoltaic cell, the utility model can be exported five different level combinations, have power switch few, control simple, stable: power switch Q1 and power switch Q4, power switch Q2 and power switch Q3, power switch Q5 and power switch Q6, be the power switch of three groups of complementations, during a power switch conducting in every group, another power switch disconnects, and has Dead Time to control between every group of complementary power switch.The electric pressure that the utility model adopts is more than adopting the electric pressure of traditional H bridge, therefore the harmonic content of inverter output current is less, because the switch stress of single power switch is less than the switch pressure of H bridge, therefore, the in the situation that of same current, power consumption is low.
As preferably, described reactor L1 is smoothing reactor.Smoothing reactor is used for connecting power switch circuit and AC network.
As preferably, described reactor L1 is connected with diode D1 and filter capacitor C3 with exchanging between port, the anodal linked reactor L1 of described diode D1, the negative pole of diode D1 connects a end that exchanges access interface, and the two ends of described filter capacitor C3 connect respectively the positive pole and the b end that exchanges access interface of diode D1.Diode D1 is used for preventing pouring in down a chimney of AC network energy, and while preventing that busbar voltage is lower, power network current flows to inverter side; Filter capacitor C4 is for the filtering of inverter circuit, elimination high-frequency current component.
As preferably, described power switch Q1, power switch Q2, power switch Q3, power switch Q4, power switch Q5, power switch Q6 are IGBT.
Preferred as another, described power switch Q1, power switch Q2, power switch Q3, power switch Q4, power switch Q5, power switch Q6 are MOSFET.MOSFET element is suitable for small-power occasion.
As preferably, described the first photovoltaic battery module and the second photovoltaic battery module include photovoltaic cell and DC capacitor, and DC capacitor is connected in parallel on photovoltaic cell the two poles of the earth.
As preferably, the first described photovoltaic battery module and at least one photovoltaic battery module in the second photovoltaic battery module also comprise booster circuit, described booster circuit comprises power switch Q7, reactor L2, diode D2 and capacitor C 4, capacitor C 4 is connected in parallel on photovoltaic cell the two poles of the earth, reactor L2 two ends respectively with the positive pole of photovoltaic cell, the positive pole of diode D2 is electrically connected to, the two ends of DC capacitor respectively with the negative pole of diode D2, the negative electricity of photovoltaic cell connects, the emitter of power switch Q7 is connected with the negative electricity of photovoltaic cell, the collector electrode of power switch Q7 is electrically connected to the positive pole of diode D2.
The utility model is divided into two parts by direct voltage, part of direct current is wherein pressed and is adopted booster circuit, another part direct voltage is directly taken from solar cell, sort circuit structure not only can realize generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems of solar energy, and it is little than traditional circuit, to have current harmonics, stability is high, the advantage that circuit power consumption is low.Booster circuit adopts the boost circuit being comprised of power switch and reactor, after the direct voltage of being responsible for that photovoltaic cell is produced boosts, flows to DC capacitor, and diode D2 is responsible for preventing pouring in down a chimney of electric current, and capacitor C 4 plays direct voltage supporting role.
As further preferred, described power switch Q7 is IGBT.
As further another is preferred, described power switch Q7 is MOSFET.
As further preferred, in three described photovoltaic battery modules, there is and only have the second photovoltaic battery module to comprise booster circuit, the photovoltaic cell of the first photovoltaic battery module is identical with the photovoltaic cell voltage of the 3rd photovoltaic battery module.
The utility model adopts two groups of photovoltaic cells, only need to adopt boost booster circuit to one group of photovoltaic battery module wherein, and other two groups do not adopt, and can reduce the complexity of voltage, can also improve the stability of system; Middle photovoltaic battery module adopts boost booster circuit, and the photovoltaic cell voltage of the photovoltaic battery module on both sides is identical, makes circuit preserved symmetry.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: power switch quantity is few, simple in structure, reduced the dependence of inverter to controller, can improve the stability of whole system, in actual application, the switch stress of each switch is less, can reduce the energy consumption of inverter itself, effectively reduce the volume of radiator, increase inverter overall efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of circuit structure diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is a kind of circuit diagram of the present utility model.
In figure, 1-the first photovoltaic battery module, 2-the second photovoltaic battery module.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of five level single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverters, comprise and exchange access interface J1, reactor L1, power switch circuit and the first photovoltaic battery module 1, the second photovoltaic battery module 2, the first photovoltaic battery module 1 and the second photovoltaic battery module 2 all have forward end and negative end, exchange access interface J1 and be provided with a end and b end, reactor L1 is smoothing reactor, is used for connecting power switch circuit and AC network.Power switch circuit comprises power switch Q1, power switch Q2, power switch Q3, power switch Q4, power switch Q5 and the power switch Q6 that is IGBT element.
Reactor L1 is connected with diode D1 and filter capacitor C4 with exchanging between port, the anodal linked reactor L1 of diode D1, the negative pole of diode D1 connects a end that exchanges access interface J1, and the two ends of filter capacitor C3 connect respectively the positive pole and the b end that exchanges access interface J1 of diode D1.Diode D1 prevents pouring in down a chimney of power grid energy, and power network current flows to inverter side while preventing that busbar voltage is lower.Filter capacitor C3 is for the filtering of inverter circuit, and elimination high-frequency current component, makes electrical network circuit quality better.
One end of reactor L1 connects a end that exchanges port J1, the other end of reactor L1 is electrically connected to the emitter of power switch Q1, the collector electrode of power switch Q4, the b end that exchanges port J1 is electrically connected to the emitter of power switch Q2, the collector electrode of power switch Q3, the emitter of the emitter of the collector electrode of the collector electrode of power switch Q1, power switch Q2, power switch Q5, power switch Q6 is electrically connected to, and the emitter of the emitter of power switch Q3, power switch Q4 is electrically connected to.Power switch Q1 and power switch Q4, power switch Q2 and power switch Q3, be the power switch of two groups of complementations, during a power switch conducting in every group, another power switch disconnects, and has Dead Time to control between every group of complementary power switch.The electric pressure that the utility model adopts is more than adopting the electric pressure of traditional H bridge, therefore the harmonic content of inverter output current is less, because the switch stress of single power switch is less than the switch pressure of H bridge, therefore, the in the situation that of same current, power consumption is low.
As shown in Figure 2, the first photovoltaic battery module is comprised of photovoltaic cell V1 and DC capacitor C1, DC capacitor C1 is connected in parallel on the two poles of the earth of photovoltaic cell V1, the forward end of the first photovoltaic battery module (positive pole of photovoltaic cell V1) is electrically connected to the collector electrode of power switch Q5, and the negative end of the first photovoltaic battery module (negative pole of photovoltaic cell V1) is electrically connected to the collector electrode of power switch Q6.Power switch Q5 and power switch Q6 are the power switchs of one group of complementation, and during a power switch conducting, another power switch disconnects.When power switch Q5 conducting, power switch Q6 disconnect, photovoltaic cell V1 and DC capacitor C1 place in circuit, the energy feedback of photovoltaic cell V1 is to electrical network; When power switch Q6 conducting, power switch Q5 disconnect, photovoltaic cell V1 and DC capacitor C1 are in suspended state.
As shown in Figure 2, the second photovoltaic battery module is by photovoltaic cell V2, DC capacitor C2 and booster circuit form, booster circuit comprises the power switch Q7 that IGBT element forms, reactor L2, diode D2 and capacitor C 5, capacitor C 5 is connected in parallel on photovoltaic cell V2 the two poles of the earth, reactor L2 two ends respectively with the positive pole of photovoltaic cell V2, the positive pole of diode D2 is electrically connected to, the two ends of DC capacitor C2 respectively with the negative pole of diode D2, the negative electricity of photovoltaic cell V2 connects, the emitter of power switch Q7 is connected with the negative electricity of photovoltaic cell V2, the collector electrode of power switch Q7 is electrically connected to the positive pole of diode D2.The forward end of the second photovoltaic battery module (negative pole of diode D2) is electrically connected to the collector electrode of power switch Q6, and the negative end of the second photovoltaic battery module (negative pole of photovoltaic cell V2) is electrically connected to the collector electrode of power switch Q7.Power switch Q7, reactor L2 form a boost circuit, after the direct voltage of being responsible for that photovoltaic cell V2 is produced boosts, flow to DC capacitor C2, and diode D2 is responsible for preventing pouring in down a chimney of electric current, and capacitor C 5 plays direct voltage supporting role.
When the voltage of photovoltaic cell V1 is Vdc, when the voltage of photovoltaic cell V2 is Vdc0, the voltage that the utility model can produce in the interface end exchanging: 0, Vdc0 ,-Vdc0, Vdc0+Vdc and-(Vdc0+Vdc), five electric pressures altogether.Because electric pressure is more than adopting the electric pressure of traditional H bridge, so the harmonic content of this circuit inverter output current is less.And because the switch stress of single power switch is less than the switch stress of H bridge, therefore, the in the situation that of same current, power consumption is low.In circuit of the present utility model, adopt two groups of photovoltaic cells, only need to adopt boost booster circuit to one group of photovoltaic cell wherein, another group need not, thereby reduced the complexity of circuit, improved the stability of system.
Above embodiment is only explanation technological thought of the present utility model; can not limit protection range of the present utility model with this; every technological thought according to the utility model proposes, any change of doing on technical scheme basis, within all falling into protection range of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. five level single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverters, is characterized in that: comprise interchange access interface, reactor L1, power switch circuit and the first photovoltaic battery module, the second photovoltaic battery module, described interchange access interface is provided with a end and b end, and described power switch circuit comprises power switch Q1, power switch Q2, power switch Q3, power switch Q4, power switch Q5 and power switch Q6, described the first photovoltaic battery module and the second photovoltaic battery module all have forward end and negative end, and one end of described reactor L1 connects a end that exchanges port, the emitter of the other end of reactor L1 and power switch Q1, the collector electrode of power switch Q4 is electrically connected to, and exchanges the b end of port and the emitter of power switch Q2, the collector electrode of power switch Q3 is electrically connected to, the collector electrode of power switch Q1, the collector electrode of power switch Q2, the emitter of power switch Q5, the emitter of power switch Q6 is electrically connected to, the emitter of power switch Q3, the emitter of power switch Q4 is electrically connected to, and the forward end of the first photovoltaic battery module is electrically connected to the collector electrode of power switch Q5, the negative end of the first photovoltaic battery module, the forward end of the second photovoltaic battery module is electrically connected to the collector electrode of power switch Q6 respectively, and the negative end of the second photovoltaic battery module is electrically connected to the emitter of power switch Q3.
2. five level single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverters according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described reactor L1 is smoothing reactor.
3. five level single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverters according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described reactor L1 is connected with diode D1 and filter capacitor C3 with exchanging between port, the anodal linked reactor L1 of described diode D1, the negative pole of diode D1 connects a end that exchanges access interface, and the two ends of described filter capacitor C3 connect respectively the positive pole and the b end that exchanges access interface of diode D1.
4. five level single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverters according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described power switch Q1, power switch Q2, power switch Q3, power switch Q4, power switch Q5, power switch Q6 are IGBT.
5. five level single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverters according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described power switch Q1, power switch Q2, power switch Q3, power switch Q4, power switch Q5, power switch Q6 are MOSFET.
6. five level single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverters according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described the first photovoltaic battery module and the second photovoltaic battery module include photovoltaic cell and DC capacitor, and DC capacitor is connected in parallel on photovoltaic cell the two poles of the earth.
7. five level single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverters according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the first described photovoltaic battery module and at least one photovoltaic battery module in the second photovoltaic battery module also comprise booster circuit, described booster circuit comprises power switch Q7, reactor L2, diode D2 and capacitor C 4, capacitor C 4 is connected in parallel on photovoltaic cell the two poles of the earth, reactor L2 two ends respectively with the positive pole of photovoltaic cell, the positive pole of diode D2 is electrically connected to, the two ends of DC capacitor respectively with the negative pole of diode D2, the negative electricity of photovoltaic cell connects, the emitter of power switch Q7 is connected with the negative electricity of photovoltaic cell, the collector electrode of power switch Q7 is electrically connected to the positive pole of diode D2.
8. five level single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverters according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described power switch Q7 is IGBT.
9. five level single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverters according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described power switch Q7 is MOSFET.
10. according to five level single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverters described in claim 7 or 8 or 9, it is characterized in that: the photovoltaic cell of the first described photovoltaic battery module is identical with the photovoltaic cell voltage of the second photovoltaic battery module.
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| CN201320640943.1U CN203537259U (en) | 2013-10-17 | 2013-10-17 | Five-level single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverter |
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| CN201320640943.1U CN203537259U (en) | 2013-10-17 | 2013-10-17 | Five-level single-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverter |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103633868A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-03-12 | 宁波绿凯节能科技有限公司 | Five-level single phase photovoltaic gird-connected inverter |
| CN107408898A (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2017-11-28 | 西门子公司 | Converter module for more level energy converters |
-
2013
- 2013-10-17 CN CN201320640943.1U patent/CN203537259U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103633868A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-03-12 | 宁波绿凯节能科技有限公司 | Five-level single phase photovoltaic gird-connected inverter |
| CN107408898A (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2017-11-28 | 西门子公司 | Converter module for more level energy converters |
| CN107408898B (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2020-06-12 | 西门子公司 | Converter module for a multilevel energy converter |
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