CN203313097U - Large power photovoltaic power generation system - Google Patents
Large power photovoltaic power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN203313097U CN203313097U CN2013203187557U CN201320318755U CN203313097U CN 203313097 U CN203313097 U CN 203313097U CN 2013203187557 U CN2013203187557 U CN 2013203187557U CN 201320318755 U CN201320318755 U CN 201320318755U CN 203313097 U CN203313097 U CN 203313097U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a large power photovoltaic power generation system comprising a voltage transformer, an inverter, N*M photovoltaic battery groups, an electric conductor and N*M photovoltaic controllers, wherein the output end of the voltage transformer is connected with the power grid, the input end of the voltage transformer is connected with the output end of the inverter, the input end of each photovoltaic controller is connected with a photovoltaic battery group, and the output end of each photovoltaic controller is connected with the input end of the inverter through the electric conductor. The large power photovoltaic power generation system is characterized in that MPT control and Boost voltage step-up are realized by using the photovoltaic controllers, and the system is improved in power generation efficiency and lowered in cost.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to photovoltaic power generation technology, more particularly, relates to a kind of high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system.
Background technology
As shown in Figure 1, existing high-power photovoltaic synchronization electricity generation system, 1MW grid-connected photovoltaic system for example, generally include combining inverter, DC power distribution cabinet, header box, photovoltaic array, header box is connected with the multi-path light photovoltaic array, DC power distribution cabinet will conflux after the direct current cables access of header box output, then is connected to the input of combining inverter, carries out inversion and grid-connected.The output of combining inverter becomes to boost by case and is connected with electrical network.
In existing this grid-connected system, header box has been an effect of confluxing usually, electric current and voltage is not carried out to conversion.Consider safety factor, the photovoltaic module operating voltage range that usually enters header box and combining inverter is 400VDC～900VDC, and open circuit voltage is no more than 1000VDC.Now, design for inverter, if adopt three phase full bridge circuit shown in Figure 2 to carry out the one-level conversion, for input 400VDC, the alternating voltage that can only export about 270V carries out grid-connected, because voltage is low, cause output current large, more than as common 500kW photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter interchange output-current rating, reaching 1000A, the cost of alternating-current switch and IGBT is all very high, and the line loss of copper bar and cable is large.
The phase full-bridge circuit carries out the scheme of Two Stages if inverter system employing first DC/DC shown in Figure 3 boosts repeatedly, can improve grid-connected alternating voltage, typical scheme has DC/DC to boost to the 600V left and right, it is grid-connected that DC/AC is transformed to the 380V alternating voltage again, perhaps DC/DC boosts to about 900V, correspondence again DC/AC to be transformed to the 620V alternating voltage grid-connected.Although this scheme has reduced the DC/AC converter unit and has exchanged the cost of grid-connected side, also improved the generating efficiency of this part, but the conversion of DC/DC part need to increase loss and cost, causes final overall generating efficiency and cost, compares and does not have large improvement with the scheme of Fig. 2.
For grid-connected system shown in Figure 1, the generating efficiency that inverter adopts the scheme of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 all not improve overall system is hanged down and the high problem of cost.
The utility model content
The utility model, just for the above-mentioned defect of prior art, provides a kind of high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system, changes the function of header box, proposes a kind of high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system with higher generating efficiency and cost performance.
The technical scheme that its technical problem that solves the utility model adopts is: a kind of high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system is provided, comprise transformer, inverter and N * M photovoltaic cell group, the output of described transformer connects the output of electrical network, the described inverter of input link, N and M are the non-zero natural number, and when N is different with M, be 1, described system also comprises electric conductor and N * M photovoltaic controller, and each input of photovoltaic controller connects a photovoltaic cell group, output and by described electric conductor, connects the input of described inverter.
Preferably, each photovoltaic controller in described N * M photovoltaic controller comprises a plurality of DC/DCBoost booster circuits, the input of each DC/DC Boost booster circuit connects with a photovoltaic cell in corresponding photovoltaic cell group, and the output of described a plurality of DC/DC Boost booster circuits is by positive and negative the conflux anodal output in rear formation one road and negative pole output; Each photovoltaic controller also comprises for each DC/DC Boost booster circuit being carried out to the maximum power point tracking unit of maximum power point tracking.
Preferably, described N * M photovoltaic controller is that output voltage is the photovoltaic controller of 0.7～1 times of maximum input pull-down voltage.
Preferably, after the connecting overall parallel connection of N photovoltaic controller and N photovoltaic cell group, form a photovoltaic grouping, the output of M photovoltaic grouping connects the input of described inverter by described electric conductor.
Preferably, described system also comprises a DC power distribution cabinet, and the input of a described DC power distribution cabinet is by the input that described electric conductor is connected with the output of described a plurality of photovoltaic controllers, output connects described inverter.
Preferably, described system also comprises M DC power distribution cabinet, and the input of each DC power distribution cabinet is connected with the output of a photovoltaic grouping by described electric conductor, and the output of each DC power distribution cabinet connects the input of described inverter.
Preferably, described electric conductor is cable, copper bar or electroconductive aluminium strip.
Preferably, the length of described electric conductor is more than or equal to 10 meters.
Preferably, each photovoltaic controller comprises four DC/DC Boost booster circuits.
Preferably, each photovoltaic controller comprises two DC/DC Boost booster circuits.
High-power photovoltaic electricity generation system of the present utility model has following beneficial effect: use photovoltaic controller to realize that MPPT controls and Boost boosts, owing to having increased one-level DC/DC Boost booster circuit, make the input voltage of inverter improve, the grid-connected output voltage of inverter has simultaneously raise, therefore in the situation that same power, electric current diminishes, and makes the loss that causes electric conductor descend, system effectiveness is improved, and makes the cost of system cable descend; In addition, because electric current and the volume of inverter all descends, make high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system (for example 1MW photovoltaic generating system) can adopt single inverter, thereby grid-connected transformer can adopt common case to become, rather than the higher two fission schemes of price; In addition, the MPPT maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic module (MPPT) function is distributed in photovoltaic controller, can prevents in radiation, temperature and the skimble-scamble situation of other battery parameter the inhomogeneous loss caused; Moreover, because the difference between photovoltaic battery panel is very large, adopt the scheme of distributed MPPT can independently strengthen and improve the performance of cell panel, thereby improve the generating efficiency of system.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is traditional 1MW grid-connected photovoltaic system schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the three-phase photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter master topology of single-stage conversion;
Fig. 3 is the three-phase photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter master topology of Two Stages;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system the first embodiment of the present utility model;
Fig. 5 is the control principle drawing of photovoltaic controller the first embodiment;
Fig. 6 is the control principle drawing of photovoltaic controller the second embodiment;
Fig. 7 is that photovoltaic controller carries out the flow chart of power control to inverter;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system the second embodiment of the present utility model;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system the 3rd embodiment of the present utility model;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system the 4th embodiment of the present utility model.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is further explained to explanation.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system 100 first embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in Fig. 4 institute, in the present embodiment, system 100 comprises transformer 110, inverter 120, N * M photovoltaic cell group 130, electric conductor (not shown) and N * M photovoltaic controller 140.Wherein, N and M are the non-zero natural number, and N is 1 when different with M.The output of transformer 110 connects the output of electrical network, input link inverter 120, and the input of photovoltaic controller 140 connects photovoltaic cell group 130, an output and by electric conductor, connects the input of inverter 120.Wherein, electric conductor can be cable, copper bar or electroconductive aluminium strip, and the length of electric conductor is more than or equal to 10 meters.
In the present embodiment, photovoltaic controller 140 can complete MPPT maximum power point tracking (MPPT), and has DC/DC Boost boost function.In addition, the stable state output voltage of photovoltaic controller 140 is 0.7～1 times of its maximum input pull-down voltage.Particularly, each photovoltaic controller 140 comprises that a plurality of independently DC/DC Boost booster circuits 141 and maximum power point tracking unit 142(are MPPT control unit 142), the input of each Boost booster circuit 141 connects with a photovoltaic cell in corresponding photovoltaic cell group 130, the output of all Boost booster circuits 141 exports by the positive and negative rear formation one road positive pole that confluxes and negative pole is exported the output that 141(is photovoltaic controller 140), for by electric conductor, connecting inverter 120.
As shown in Figure 5, each photovoltaic controller 140 can comprise four independently DC/DC Boost booster circuits 141, and each DC/DC Boost booster circuit 141 has independently MPPT function.The input of each DC/DC Boost booster circuit 141 can access a plurality of photovoltaic cells in a photovoltaic cell group 130, and now, each photovoltaic cell group 130 comprises four photovoltaic cells.With respect to inside, adopt the photovoltaic controller of a single DC/DC Boost booster circuit, adopt the benefit of a plurality of DC/DC circuit arrangements to be to realize many group MPPT, thereby further improve generating efficiency.
As shown in Figure 6, each photovoltaic controller 140 also can comprise two independently DC/DC Boost booster circuits 141, and each DC/DC Boost booster circuit 141 has independently MPPT function.Equally, a plurality of photovoltaic cells in the input section of each DC/DCBoost booster circuit 141 access one photovoltaic cell group 130.Photovoltaic controller relatively shown in Figure 5, the volume of this photovoltaic controller is less, and weight is lighter, more is conducive to safeguard, and can realizes that nature is cooling.
In above-mentioned two embodiment of photovoltaic controller 140, photovoltaic controller 140 all can be realized MPPT maximum power point tracking (MPPT) function, completes grid-connected, as to stablize inverter 120 DC bus-bar voltage and inverter 120 is controlled to idle function with inverter 120, the flow process that 140 pairs of inverters of photovoltaic controller 120 carry out power control as shown in Figure 7, in figure, Udcref is that busbar voltage is given, determine the DC bus-bar voltage of inverter 120 and the output voltage of photovoltaic controller 140, Qref is idle given, determines the idle amount of inverter 120 to electrical network output.
For the high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system, the maximum output open circuit voltage that generally designs photovoltaic module is 1000Vdc, and corresponding MPPT voltage range is about 400Vdc～900Vdc.In the utility model, if the semiconductor device of DC/DC Boost booster circuit 141 is selected the 1200V voltage withstand class, the stable state output voltage that designs DC/DC Boost booster circuit 141 is the 850VDC left and right, over 850VDC 1.1 times (being 935VDC), seal ripple and prevent that overvoltage from damaging semiconductor, the specified grid-connected output voltage of corresponding 1MW DC/AC inverter 120 is 560Vac.If the semiconductor device of DC/DC Boost booster circuit 141 is selected the 1700V voltage withstand class; the stable state output voltage that designs DC/DC Boost booster circuit 141 can be the 1000VDC left and right; surpass 1200VDC and seal the ripple protection, the specified grid-connected output voltage of corresponding 1MWDC/AC inverter 120 is 690Vac.
In other embodiment of high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system 100 of the present utility model, can also first will after the connecting overall parallel connection of N photovoltaic controller 140 and N photovoltaic cell group 130, form a photovoltaic grouping, the output of so total M photovoltaic grouping connects the input of inverter 120 by electric conductor.
In high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system 100 of the present utility model, increase one-level DC/DC Boost booster circuit, make more than the input voltage of inverter 120 brings up to 850VDC, more than simultaneously can by 270Vac, being elevated to 560Vac to the grid-connected output voltage of inverter 120, like this because voltage raises, in the situation that same power, electric current can diminish, thereby the cost of inverter 120 can be reduced to original half.In addition, after DC voltage and AC voltage all raise, in the situation that same power, electric current can diminish, thereby caused the loss of electric conductor to descend, and system effectiveness is improved.Moreover after DC voltage and AC voltage all raise, in the situation that same power, the cost of system cable descended thereby electric current can diminish.In addition, because electric current and the volume of inverter 120 all descends, make the system of 1MW can adopt single inverter, thereby grid-connected transformer 110 can adopt common case to become, rather than the higher two fission schemes of price.In addition, the MPPT maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic module (MPPT) function is distributed in photovoltaic controller 140, can prevents in radiation, temperature and the skimble-scamble situation of other battery parameter the inhomogeneous loss caused.This is due to following two reasons: at first, centralized MPPT is inner chaotic, when carrying out power configuration, rests on local peak, and is arranged on the inferior advantage of voltage; Secondly, under improper condition, the electrical voltage point difference of MPPT may be very large, exceeded working range and the voltage range of centralized MPPT.Because the difference between cell panel is very large, adopt the scheme of distributed MPPT can independently strengthen and improve the performance of cell panel, thereby improve the generating efficiency of system.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system 100 second embodiment of the present utility model, the difference of the present embodiment and system 100 first embodiment is, in the present embodiment, system 100 also comprises a DC power distribution cabinet 150, the input of this DC power distribution cabinet 150 is connected with the output of a plurality of photovoltaic controllers 140 by electric conductor, and the output of this DC power distribution cabinet 150 connects the input of inverter 120.In this embodiment, the output of photovoltaic controller 140 with after DC power distribution cabinet 150 again tandem to inverter 120.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system 100 the 3rd embodiment of the present utility model, the difference of the present embodiment and system 100 second embodiment is, in the present embodiment, after the connecting overall parallel connection of N photovoltaic controller 140 and N photovoltaic cell group 130, form a photovoltaic grouping, the input of DC power distribution cabinet 150 for example, is delivered in the output of M photovoltaic grouping through the long distance of the individual independently electric conductor (M is to cable) of M, through after the confluxing of DC power distribution cabinet 150, deliver to inverter 120, inverter 120 changes into alternating current and carries out grid-connected the connection with transformer 110 after the DC/AC inversion.
Figure 10 is the structural representation of high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system 100 the 4th embodiment of the present utility model, the difference of the present embodiment and system 100 first embodiment is, in the present embodiment, system 100 also comprises M DC power distribution cabinet 150, after the connecting overall parallel connection of N photovoltaic controller 140 and N photovoltaic cell group 130, forms a photovoltaic grouping.In the present embodiment, the input of each DC power distribution cabinet 150 is connected with the output (being the output of photovoltaic controller 140) of a photovoltaic grouping by electric conductor, and the output of each DC power distribution cabinet 150 connects the input of inverter 120.For example, can get N=8, M=2, now, have 2 DC power distribution cabinets 150, the output of 8 photovoltaic groupings of input link of each DC power distribution cabinet 150.The output of 16 photovoltaic controllers 140 through 16 pairs independently electric conductor access successively 16 killer switches of 2 DC power distribution cabinet 150 inside, the output of DC power distribution cabinet 150 is connected to the input of inverter 120, can independent maintenance and each photovoltaic controller 140 of maintenance by the control to each killer switch.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, be not limited to the utility model, for a person skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and variations.All within spirit of the present utility model and principle, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in claim scope of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. a high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system (100), comprise transformer (110), inverter (120) and N * M photovoltaic cell group (130), the output of described transformer (110) connects electrical network, the output of the input described inverter of link (120), N and M are the non-zero natural number, and when N is different with M, be 1, it is characterized in that, described system (100) also comprises electric conductor and N * M photovoltaic controller (140), each input of photovoltaic controller (140) connects a photovoltaic cell group (130), output connects the input of described inverter (120) by described electric conductor.
2. high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system according to claim 1 (100), it is characterized in that, each photovoltaic controller (140) in described N * M photovoltaic controller (140) comprises a plurality of DC/DCBoost booster circuits (141), the input of each DC/DC Boost booster circuit (141) connects with a photovoltaic cell in corresponding photovoltaic cell group (130), and the output of described a plurality of DC/DC Boost booster circuits (141) is exported by the positive and negative anodal output in rear formation one road and the negative pole of confluxing; Each photovoltaic controller (140) also comprises for each DC/DC Boost booster circuit (141) being carried out to the maximum power point tracking unit (142) of maximum power point tracking.
3. high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system according to claim 2 (100), is characterized in that, described N * M photovoltaic controller (140) is the photovoltaic controller (140) of 0.7～1 times of maximum input pull-down voltage for output voltage.
4. high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system according to claim 1 (100), it is characterized in that, after the connecting overall parallel connection of N photovoltaic controller (140) and N photovoltaic cell group (130), form a photovoltaic grouping, the output of M photovoltaic grouping connects the input of described inverter (120) by described electric conductor.
5. according to the described high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system of any one in claim 1-4 (100), it is characterized in that, described system (100) also comprises a DC power distribution cabinet (150), and the input of a described DC power distribution cabinet (150) is by the input that described electric conductor is connected with the output of described a plurality of photovoltaic controllers (140), output connects described inverter (120).
6. high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system according to claim 4 (100), it is characterized in that, described system (100) also comprises M DC power distribution cabinet (150), the input of each DC power distribution cabinet (150) is connected with the output of a photovoltaic grouping by described electric conductor, and the output of each DC power distribution cabinet (150) connects the input of described inverter (120).
7. high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system according to claim 1 (100), is characterized in that, described electric conductor is cable, copper bar or electroconductive aluminium strip.
8. high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system according to claim 7 (100), is characterized in that, the length of described electric conductor is more than or equal to 10 meters.
9. high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system according to claim 2 (100), is characterized in that, each photovoltaic controller (140) comprises four DC/DC Boost booster circuits (141).
10. high-power photovoltaic electricity generation system according to claim 2 (100), is characterized in that, each photovoltaic controller (140) comprises two DC/DC Boost booster circuits (141).
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103595014A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-02-19 | 无锡上能新能源有限公司 | Protective device for photovoltaic power generation system |
| CN104377732A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-02-25 | 南车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | DC bus distributed MPPT photovoltaic power generation system |
| CN105186563A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-23 | 上海载物能源科技有限公司 | Synchronous-boost-based high-efficiency solar photovoltaic generating control system and method |
| CN105186564A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-23 | 上海载物能源科技有限公司 | High-efficiency solar photovoltaic generating control system and method |
| CN106452285A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-02-22 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic control device and photovoltaic control system |
| CN106711995A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2017-05-24 | 成都鼎桥通信技术有限公司 | Method and device for determining cause of abnormal loss |
| WO2018149375A1 (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2018-08-23 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Distributed/central optimizer architecture |
| US10651735B2 (en) | 2017-02-06 | 2020-05-12 | Futurewei Technologies, Inc. | Series stacked DC-DC converter with serially connected DC power sources and capacitors |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103595014A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-02-19 | 无锡上能新能源有限公司 | Protective device for photovoltaic power generation system |
| CN104377732A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-02-25 | 南车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | DC bus distributed MPPT photovoltaic power generation system |
| CN106711995A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2017-05-24 | 成都鼎桥通信技术有限公司 | Method and device for determining cause of abnormal loss |
| CN106711995B (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2019-05-14 | 成都鼎桥通信技术有限公司 | The determination method and device of abnormal wear reason |
| CN105186564A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-23 | 上海载物能源科技有限公司 | High-efficiency solar photovoltaic generating control system and method |
| CN105186563B (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2018-08-14 | 上海载物能源科技有限公司 | A kind of high-effect solar energy power generating control system and method based on synchronous boost |
| CN105186564B (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2018-09-28 | 上海载物能源科技有限公司 | A kind of dynamical solar energy power generating control system and method |
| CN105186563A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-23 | 上海载物能源科技有限公司 | Synchronous-boost-based high-efficiency solar photovoltaic generating control system and method |
| CN106452285A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-02-22 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic control device and photovoltaic control system |
| CN106452285B (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2019-09-20 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | A kind of photovoltaic control device and system |
| US10651735B2 (en) | 2017-02-06 | 2020-05-12 | Futurewei Technologies, Inc. | Series stacked DC-DC converter with serially connected DC power sources and capacitors |
| WO2018149375A1 (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2018-08-23 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Distributed/central optimizer architecture |
| CN110301081A (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2019-10-01 | 华为技术有限公司 | Distributed/centralized optimizer framework |
| US10665743B2 (en) | 2017-02-16 | 2020-05-26 | Futurewei Technologies, Inc. | Distributed/central optimizer architecture |
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