CN203522589U - Three-phase DC brushless motor and drive circuit for same - Google Patents

Three-phase DC brushless motor and drive circuit for same Download PDF

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CN203522589U
CN203522589U CN201320562121.6U CN201320562121U CN203522589U CN 203522589 U CN203522589 U CN 203522589U CN 201320562121 U CN201320562121 U CN 201320562121U CN 203522589 U CN203522589 U CN 203522589U
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power supply
switch
phase coil
brachium pontis
phase
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徐夫子
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Abstract

The utility model provides a three-phase DC brushless motor and a drive circuit for the same. A stator three-phase coil of the motor adopts a triangular coiling way. Each phase of the coil is provided with a central joint. The drive circuit includes three bridge arms connected with a DC power source in parallel and six damping capacitors. Each bridge arm is provided with an upper switch and a lower switch. The three phases of the coil are connected with the three bridge arms correspondingly. The six damping capacitors are connected between the central joints of the three phases of the coil and positive terminals and negative terminals of the DC power source correspondingly, so that damping capacitors connected between the central joints of the positive terminals and the negative terminals of the DC power source can be charged with back electromotive force generated by the phases of the coil connected between the upper switches of bridge arms and the lower switches of the other bridge arms.

Description

Three-phase direct-current brushless motor and drive circuit thereof
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of drive circuit of motor, particularly relates to a kind of drive circuit of three-phase direct-current brushless motor.
Background technology
Consult Fig. 1, it is the drive circuit 1 of existing a kind of three-phase direct-current brushless motor, three-phase coil Lu, Lv, the Lw of this three-phase direct-current brushless motor (not shown) adopts the coiling of Y type, its one end is connected (contact n), the other end (hereinafter referred to as contact U, V, W) and drive circuit 1 electric coupling.Drive circuit 1 has three brachium pontis in parallel with a direct current power vd C (hereinafter referred to as U phase brachium pontis, V phase brachium pontis and W phase brachium pontis), each brachium pontis have switch U+, V+ on, W+, once switch U-, V-, W-and a plurality of respectively with the free-wheel diode D of switch U+, V+, W+, lower switch U-, V-, W-reverse parallel connection on this respectively, and the U of three-phase coil, V, W contact correspondence out of the ordinary are connected between upper switch U+, V+, W+ and lower switch U-, V-, the W-of U phase brachium pontis, V phase brachium pontis and W phase brachium pontis.
And drive circuit 1 can be controlled a wherein brachium pontis within a basic cycle, the for example upper switch U+ conducting of U phase brachium pontis, and control wherein another brachium pontis simultaneously, the for example lower switch V-conducting of V phase brachium pontis, U phase coil Lu and V phase coil Lv and DC power supply VDC are connected and produce the running of magnetic force moving motor rotor, as shown in Figure 2.
Again as shown in Figure 3, when drive circuit 1 finished and on controlling when switch U+ and lower not conducting of switch V-in the above-mentioned basic cycle, U phase coil Lu and V phase coil Lv are upper can produce back electromotive force eu and an ev moment, the large electric current that these back electromotive force eu and ev form can follow the free-wheel diode D in parallel with upper switch V+ of this V phase brachium pontis and the free-wheel diode D in parallel with lower switch U-of U phase brachium pontis produces impacting with high pressure to DC power supply VDC, easily causes DC power supply VDC to burn.
Therefore, current solution as shown in Figure 4, at drive circuit 1, arrange one by interrupteur SW control resistance for dissipation R whether in parallel with DC power supply VDC, with when upper switch U+ and the lower not conducting of switch V-, by controlling, resistance for dissipation R is in parallel with DC power supply VDC, reduce the voltage of DC power supply VDC, make DC power supply VDC two ends not reason suffer the instantaneous pressure of back electromotive force eu and ev and burn.Though yet this kind of way can suppress the high pressure that back electromotive force produces, but allow resistance for dissipation R consume in rain the electric power of DC power supply VDC, accelerate the power consumption speed of DC power supply VDC, and cannot be stored by DC power supply VDC owing to exchanging the back electromotive force of form, the result consuming nowhere can cause whole drive circuit 1 to produce high temperature, and battery temperature is raise and affects useful life of battery.
In addition, compared to Δ type, wind the line, the output current of Y type wound stator is little, make motor outputting torsion little, and if adopt Δ type wound stator, output current is larger, make motor produce torsion large, but it is large that the back electromotive force that coil produces also becomes relatively, will be more unfavorable to above-mentioned existing drive circuit 1, therefore existing drive circuit 1 also cannot be in order to drive the three-phase direct-current brushless motor that adopts Δ type wound stator.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of being suitable for to drive the three-phase direct-current brushless motor that adopts Δ type wound stator, and can be by the drive circuit of the three-phase direct-current brushless motor of the back electromotive force recycling producing on coil in driving process.
The drive circuit of the utility model three-phase direct-current brushless motor, the three-phase coil headtotail of this three-phase direct-current brushless motor winding on stator and form the triangle coiling with three contacts, and each phase coil has a central contact, and this drive circuit and a DC power supply electric coupling, and comprise three brachium pontis in parallel with this DC power supply and six damping capacitors, wherein each brachium pontis has switch on, switch, one and the free-wheel diode of switch reverse parallel connection on this once, and one and the free-wheel diode of this lower switch reverse parallel connection, and three contacts of this three-phase coil are connected respectively between the upper switch and lower switch of these three brachium pontis, these six damping capacitor correspondences out of the ordinary are connected between this central contact and the anode of this DC power supply of each phase coil, and between this central contact and the negative terminal of this DC power supply, and the wherein upper switch of a brachium pontis and the lower switch conduction of another brachium pontis, being connected to this phase coil between switch and this lower switch on this can connect and energy storage with this DC power supply, and on this when switch and this lower not conducting of switch, the back electromotive force that this phase coil moment produces can via with this free-wheel diode of the lower switch in parallel of a brachium pontis wherein, to being connected to this central contact of this phase coil and this damping capacitor charging between the negative terminal of this DC power supply, and via the free-wheel diode of the upper switch in parallel with this another brachium pontis, to being connected to this central contact of this phase coil and this damping capacitor charging between the anode of this DC power supply.
In addition, the utility model three-phase direct-current brushless motor, by a direct current power drives, and comprises a rotor, a stator and one drive circuit; On this stator, be arranged with three-phase coil, the headtotail of this three-phase coil and forming has the triangle coiling of three contacts, and each phase coil has a central contact; This drive circuit and this DC power supply electric coupling, and comprise: three brachium pontis in parallel with this DC power supply, each brachium pontis has switch on, switch, one and the free-wheel diode of switch reverse parallel connection on this once, and one and the free-wheel diode of this lower switch reverse parallel connection, and three contacts of this three-phase coil are connected respectively between the upper switch and lower switch of these three brachium pontis; And six damping capacitors, its correspondence out of the ordinary is connected between this central contact and the anode of this DC power supply of each phase coil, and between this central contact and the negative terminal of this DC power supply, and the wherein upper switch of a brachium pontis and the lower switch conduction of another brachium pontis, be connected on this that this phase coil between switch and this lower switch can connect with this DC power supply and energy storage produce this rotor of magnetic force moving and rotate; And on this when switch and this lower not conducting of switch, the back electromotive force that this phase coil moment produces can via with this free-wheel diode of the lower switch in parallel of a brachium pontis wherein, to being connected to this central contact of this phase coil and this damping capacitor charging between the negative terminal of this DC power supply, and via the free-wheel diode of the upper switch in parallel with this another brachium pontis, to being connected to this central contact of this phase coil and this damping capacitor charging between the anode of this DC power supply.
Preferably, this DC power supply is a storage battery, and when being connected to this central contact of each phase coil and the damping capacitor between the anode of this DC power supply, when the voltage of connecting with the damping capacitor being connected between the negative terminal of this central contact and this DC power supply is greater than the voltage of this storage battery, these damping capacitors can be to this charge in batteries.
Preferably, this drive circuit also comprises the current rectifying and wave filtering circuit with an AC power electric coupling, and it carries out rectifying and wave-filtering to produce this DC power supply to this AC power.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: between the central contact of each phase coil at drive circuit and the anode of DC power supply, and difference electric coupling one damping capacitor between central contact and the negative terminal of DC power supply, the back electromotive force that coil is produced because of switching over can be in good time via the free-wheel diode with switch reverse parallel connection, to these damping capacitor chargings with its electric coupling, make unlikely to DC power supply generation impacting with high pressure, and be suitable for drive adopting the three-phase direct-current brushless motor of Δ type wound stator, and the electric power being stored in damping capacitor can also supplement electric power to DC power supply VDC in good time, extend the power-on time of DC power supply VDC, and when the large torsion output of motor moment needs, can immediately provide enough electric power to motor.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of the drive circuit of the existing three-phase direct-current brushless motor of explanation.
Fig. 2 is the circuit operation figure of a type of drive of the drive circuit of the existing three-phase direct-current brushless motor of explanation.
Fig. 3 is the circuit operation figure of another type of drive of the drive circuit of the existing three-phase direct-current brushless motor of explanation.
Fig. 4 is the circuit operation figure that the drive circuit of the existing three-phase direct-current brushless motor of explanation is also provided with a resistance for dissipation.
Fig. 5 is the three-phase coil coiling schematic diagram of the existing employing Δ type coiling of explanation.
Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the drive circuit of explanation the utility model three-phase direct-current brushless motor.
Fig. 7 is the circuit operation figure of a type of drive of the drive circuit of explanation the present embodiment three-phase direct-current brushless motor.
Fig. 8 is the circuit operation figure of another type of drive of the drive circuit of explanation the present embodiment three-phase direct-current brushless motor.
Fig. 9 is the circuit diagram that a preferred embodiment of the drive circuit of explanation the utility model three-phase direct-current brushless motor also comprises a current rectifying and wave filtering circuit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is elaborated:
Consult Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, it is a preferred embodiment of the drive circuit of the utility model three-phase direct-current brushless motor, wherein as shown in Figure 5, three-phase coil Lu in the stator (not shown) of this three-phase direct-current brushless motor, Lv, Lw adopts the coiling of Δ type, so three-phase coil Lu, Lv, the headtotail of Lw and there are three contact U, V, W, and each phase coil has a central contact Un, Vn, Wn, and central contact Un is divided into U1 by coil Lu, two sections of U2, central contact Vn is divided into V1 by coil Lv, two sections of V2, central contact Wn is divided into W1 by coil Lw, two sections of W2.
As shown in Figure 6, this drive circuit 2 and a direct current power vd C electric coupling, and comprise three brachium pontis in parallel with this DC power supply VDC (for convenience of description, hereinafter referred to as U phase brachium pontis, V phase brachium pontis and W phase brachium pontis) and six damping capacitor Cd, wherein each brachium pontis respectively has switch U+ on, V+, W+, switch U-once, V-, W-, with switch U+ on this respectively, V+, the free-wheel diode D of W+ reverse parallel connection, and with this lower switch U-respectively, V-, the free-wheel diode D of W-reverse parallel connection, and this three-phase coil Lu, Lv, three contact U of Lw, V, W is distinctly connected between the upper switch and lower switch of corresponding respectively this brachium pontis, be that contact U is connected between the upper switch U+ and lower switch U-of U phase brachium pontis, contact V is connected between the upper switch V+ and lower switch V-of V phase brachium pontis, contact W is connected between the upper switch W+ and lower switch W-of W phase brachium pontis.
These damping capacitors Cd correspondence out of the ordinary is connected between the anode of this central contact Un, Vn, Wn and this DC power supply VDC of each phase coil Lu, Lv, Lw, and between the negative terminal of this central contact Un, Vn, Wn and this DC power supply VDC.Whereby, as shown in Figure 7, when drive circuit 2 is controlled a wherein brachium pontis within a basic cycle, for example upper switch U+ and another brachium pontis of U phase brachium pontis, for example, during the lower switch V-conducting of V phase brachium pontis, being connected on this this U phase coil Lu between switch U+ and this lower switch V-can connect and produce the running of magnetic force moving motor rotor via upper switch U+ and lower switch V-and DC power supply VDC.U phase coil Lu is owing to connecting and energy storage with DC power supply VDC simultaneously.Therefore, as shown in Figure 8, when this basic cycle, finish, when drive circuit 2 is controlled on this switch U+ and this lower not conducting of switch V-, the U1 of this U phase coil, the U2 section moment meeting back electromotive force Vu1 that produces out of the ordinary, Vu2, the electric current that wherein the back electromotive force Vu1 in U1 section generates can follow shortest path, via the free-wheel diode D in parallel with the lower switch U-of U phase brachium pontis, to being connected to this central contact Un and the charging of this damping capacitor Cd between the negative terminal of DC power supply VDC of this U phase coil Lu, and the electric current that back electromotive force Vu2 in U2 section generates also can follow shortest path, via the free-wheel diode D in parallel with the upper switch V+ of V phase brachium pontis, to being connected to central contact Un and the charging of this damping capacitor Cd between the anode of DC power supply VDC of this U phase coil Lu.
Whereby, the formed electric current of back electromotive force being produced by the coil DC power supply VDC that will can not flow through, except the high pressure back electromotive force that can avoid three-phase coil to produce in the moment of not conducting of switch directly impacts DC power supply VDC, the back electromotive force energy storage that also three-phase coil can be produced is used and does not waste in damping capacitor Cd.And to damping capacitor Cd, charging releases energy because the back electromotive force of the interchange form for being produced by three-phase coil can follow the discharge path that free-wheel diode forms, make the unlikely generation high temperature of drive circuit 2, and make DC power supply VDC, for example storage battery not reason suffer high temperature and affect its useful life.
Moreover, drive circuit 2 can be by whether switching the upper switch of three brachium pontis and lower switch conduction, controlling three-phase coil connects with DC power supply VDC in turn, to continue to promote motor rotor running, therefore when each coil is switched to by the state of connecting while not connecting state, the back electromotive force that this coil produces will be to two damping capacitor Cd chargings with its central contact electric coupling, and due to the upper switch of each brachium pontis and the switch speed of lower switch very fast, about 400Hz, therefore the damping capacitor Cd of the present embodiment is optional by operating frequency, for example 300~1KHz is equivalent to the nonpolarity intermediate frequency electric capacity of switching over frequency.Therefore,, during drive circuit 2 runnings, three-phase coil can charge to the damping capacitor Cd with its electric coupling in turn and constantly, makes damping capacitor Cd maintain the state that is full of electric energy always.Thus, as DC power supply VDC, for example the voltage of storage battery is when being connected on the current potential of two damping capacitor Cd between the positive and negative two ends of DC power supply VDC, damping capacitor Cd can in time charge to DC power supply VDC, and the power-on time of increase DC power supply VDC, if the present embodiment is applied in electronic vehicle-carried, for example, on electric motor car, can increase the endurance of electric motor car; And need large torsion output when motor moment, for example electric motor car accelerates or during climbing, damping capacitor Cd also can provide motor required electric power immediately, allows electric motor car produce stronger handling.
And, because the drive circuit 2 of the present embodiment does not need to reduce by existing resistance for dissipation the voltage of DC power supply VDC, so also there is the effect of power saving.
In addition, the drive circuit 2 of the present embodiment is except direct use DC power supply VDC, also can use AC power AC, as long as shown in Figure 9, at the front end of drive circuit 2 electric coupling one current rectifying and wave filtering circuit again, for example existing bridge rectifier filter circuit 20, makes an AC power AC carry out rectifying and wave-filtering, supplies with the circuit of rear end to produce a DC power supply Vdc.
In sum, above-described embodiment is by between the central contact of each phase coil at drive circuit 2 and the anode of DC power supply, and difference electric coupling one damping capacitor between central contact and the negative terminal of DC power supply, the back electromotive force that coil is produced because of switching over can be in good time via the free-wheel diode with switch reverse parallel connection, to these damping capacitor chargings that couple with it, and it is unlikely to DC power supply generation impacting with high pressure, and be suitable for drive adopting the three-phase direct-current brushless motor of Δ type wound stator, and the electric power being stored in damping capacitor can also supplement electric power to DC power supply VDC in good time, extend the power-on time of DC power supply VDC, and when the large torsion output of motor moment needs, can immediately provide enough electric power to motor, therefore really can reach the purpose of this utility model.
Only as described above, it is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, can not limit the scope that the utility model is implemented with this, be that all simple equivalences of doing according to the utility model claim and patent specification content change and modify, all still belong in the scope that the utility model patent contains.

Claims (6)

1. the drive circuit of a three-phase direct-current brushless motor, the three-phase coil headtotail of this three-phase direct-current brushless motor winding on stator and form the triangle coiling with three contacts, and each phase coil has a central contact, and this drive circuit and a DC power supply electric coupling, it is characterized in that:
This drive circuit comprises:
Three brachium pontis in parallel with this DC power supply, each brachium pontis has switch on, switch, one and the free-wheel diode of switch reverse parallel connection on this once, and one and the free-wheel diode of this lower switch reverse parallel connection, and three contacts of this three-phase coil are connected respectively between the upper switch and lower switch of these three brachium pontis; And
Six damping capacitors, its correspondence out of the ordinary is connected between this central contact and the anode of this DC power supply of each phase coil, and between this central contact and the negative terminal of this DC power supply, and the wherein upper switch of a brachium pontis and the lower switch conduction of another brachium pontis, being connected to this phase coil between switch and this lower switch on this can connect and energy storage with this DC power supply, and on this when switch and this lower not conducting of switch, the back electromotive force that this phase coil moment produces can via with this free-wheel diode of the lower switch in parallel of a brachium pontis wherein, to being connected to this central contact of this phase coil and this damping capacitor charging between the negative terminal of this DC power supply, and via the free-wheel diode of the upper switch in parallel with this another brachium pontis, to being connected to this central contact of this phase coil and this damping capacitor charging between the anode of this DC power supply.
2. the drive circuit of three-phase direct-current brushless motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: this DC power supply is a storage battery, and when being connected to this central contact of each phase coil and the damping capacitor between the anode of this DC power supply, when the voltage of connecting with the damping capacitor being connected between the negative terminal of this central contact and this DC power supply is greater than the voltage of this storage battery, described damping capacitor can be to this charge in batteries.
3. the drive circuit of three-phase direct-current brushless motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: this drive circuit also comprises the current rectifying and wave filtering circuit with an AC power electric coupling, and it carries out rectifying and wave-filtering to produce this DC power supply to this AC power.
4. a three-phase direct-current brushless motor, by a direct current power drives, is characterized in that:
This three-phase direct-current brushless motor comprises:
One rotor;
One stator, is arranged with three-phase coil on it, the headtotail of this three-phase coil and forming has the triangle coiling of three contacts, and each phase coil has a central contact; And
One drive circuit, itself and this DC power supply electric coupling, and comprise:
Three brachium pontis in parallel with this DC power supply, each brachium pontis has switch on, switch, one and the free-wheel diode of switch reverse parallel connection on this once, and one and the free-wheel diode of this lower switch reverse parallel connection, and three contacts of this three-phase coil are connected respectively between the upper switch and lower switch of these three brachium pontis; And
Six damping capacitors, its correspondence out of the ordinary is connected between this central contact and the anode of this DC power supply of each phase coil, and between this central contact and the negative terminal of this DC power supply, and the wherein upper switch of a brachium pontis and the lower switch conduction of another brachium pontis, be connected on this that this phase coil between switch and this lower switch can connect with this DC power supply and energy storage produce this rotor of magnetic force moving and rotate, and on this when switch and this lower not conducting of switch, the back electromotive force that this phase coil moment produces can via with this free-wheel diode of the lower switch in parallel of a brachium pontis wherein, to being connected to this central contact of this phase coil and this damping capacitor charging between the negative terminal of this DC power supply, and via the free-wheel diode of the upper switch in parallel with this another brachium pontis, to being connected to this central contact of this phase coil and this damping capacitor charging between the anode of this DC power supply.
5. three-phase direct-current brushless motor as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: this DC power supply is a storage battery, and when being connected to this central contact of each phase coil and the damping capacitor between the anode of this DC power supply, when the voltage of connecting with the damping capacitor being connected between the negative terminal of this central contact and this DC power supply is greater than the voltage of this storage battery, described damping capacitor can be to this charge in batteries.
6. three-phase direct-current brushless motor as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: this drive circuit also comprises the current rectifying and wave filtering circuit with an AC power electric coupling, and it carries out rectifying and wave-filtering to produce this DC power supply to this AC power.
CN201320562121.6U 2013-09-10 2013-09-10 Three-phase DC brushless motor and drive circuit for same Expired - Fee Related CN203522589U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201320562121.6U CN203522589U (en) 2013-09-10 2013-09-10 Three-phase DC brushless motor and drive circuit for same

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201320562121.6U CN203522589U (en) 2013-09-10 2013-09-10 Three-phase DC brushless motor and drive circuit for same

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106208617A (en) * 2015-02-09 2016-12-07 徐夫子 Dynamic magnetoelectric amplifying device
CN106329608A (en) * 2015-07-10 2017-01-11 徐夫子 Dynamic inductance device with damping function

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106208617A (en) * 2015-02-09 2016-12-07 徐夫子 Dynamic magnetoelectric amplifying device
CN106329608A (en) * 2015-07-10 2017-01-11 徐夫子 Dynamic inductance device with damping function
CN106329608B (en) * 2015-07-10 2018-11-23 徐夫子 dynamic inductance device with damping function

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Granted publication date: 20140402

Termination date: 20210910