CN110875609B - Vehicle-mounted charger and dead load control method thereof - Google Patents

Vehicle-mounted charger and dead load control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110875609B
CN110875609B CN201810999446.8A CN201810999446A CN110875609B CN 110875609 B CN110875609 B CN 110875609B CN 201810999446 A CN201810999446 A CN 201810999446A CN 110875609 B CN110875609 B CN 110875609B
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vehicle
contactor
circuit
input
electrically connected
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CN110875609A (en
Inventor
张小勇
曹金洲
周峰武
饶沛南
刘湘林
周帅
张庆
赵明锐
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Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co Ltd
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Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted charger and a dead load control method thereof. This on-vehicle machine that charges includes: the device comprises an input LC filtering loop, a pre-charging loop, a DC/DC high-frequency isolation conversion circuit, an output LC filtering loop, a dead load of a charger and a vehicle-mounted storage battery. When the vehicle-mounted charger works normally, after the pre-charging is finished, a short-circuit contactor in a pre-charging loop is closed, an auxiliary contact head of the short-circuit contactor is synchronously closed, and a dead load of the charger starts to work so as to ensure the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted charger to be stable; when the vehicle-mounted charger stops working, the short-circuit contactor is disconnected, the auxiliary contact head of the short-circuit contactor is synchronously disconnected, and the dead load of the charger stops working, so that the dead load of the charger cannot discharge for the vehicle-mounted storage battery. The invention does not need to add any power device, does not bring extra power loss, and has the characteristics of high efficiency and energy saving; and moreover, a new mechanical or electronic switch and a driving circuit thereof are not required to be introduced, so that the product cost can be reduced, the product volume can be reduced, and the product competitiveness can be improved.

Description

Vehicle-mounted charger and dead load control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle-mounted chargers, in particular to a vehicle-mounted charger and a dead load control method thereof.
Background
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a conventional vehicle-mounted charger. As shown in fig. 1, it mainly includes a pre-charge loop (R1 and K1), an input LC filter loop (L1 and C1), a DC/DC high-frequency isolation conversion circuit, and an output LC filter loop (L1 and C1). Wherein VD1 is an output load blocking diode, R D For dead load of charger, QF1 is load distribution switch, R Load And the load is a direct current load, and Bat is a vehicle-mounted storage battery. When the input voltage is normal, one path of the charger outputs the input voltage to the storage battery for charging, and the other path of the charger outputs the input voltage to the vehicle-mounted direct-current load for supplying power; when no input voltage is available, the storage battery supplies power to the load through VD 1.
When the whole vehicle is not used, the QF1 can be disconnected through manual operation, so that a discharging loop of the load to the storage battery is cut off. However, due to dead load R D The storage battery always passes through R D Slowly discharging. When the storage time is too long, the energy of the storage battery is discharged, and the application of the whole vehicle is influenced.
In order to solve the problem of discharging of a dead load of a charger to a storage battery, the prior art mainly provides the following two solutions.
Scheme 1: under dead load R D And a blocking diode VD2 is connected in series between the accumulator Bat and the accumulator, as shown in the small dashed box of FIG. 2. When the charger works normally, the charger charges the storage battery through VD2 and supplies power to the direct current load at the same time; when the charger stops working, due to the reverse blocking action of the diode VD2, the dead load R D The battery cannot be discharged. The main disadvantage of this solution is that the series connection of blocking diodes brings large losses, which does not meet the current development requirement for green energy saving.
Scheme 2: under dead load R D The circuit is connected in series to a contact K2 (it is illustrated that the mechanical switch can also be replaced by an electronic switch), as shown in particular in the red dotted box of fig. 3. When the charger works normally, the charger closes the contactor K2 to make the dead load R D The operation is carried out, and the stability of output voltage is ensured; when the charger stops working, the contactor K2 is disconnected, and the dead load R is driven D Cut off to ensure a dead load R D The battery cannot be discharged. The main shortcoming of the scheme is that the volume and the cost of the charger are increased due to the newly added contactor and the control loop, and the cost performance of the product is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a vehicle-mounted charger, which comprises:
the input LC filter loop comprises an input filter which is composed of an input inductor and an input capacitor, the input filter is used for filtering input voltage, and meanwhile, the input capacitor is also used for playing a supporting role;
the pre-charging loop comprises a resistor and a short-circuit contactor which are connected in parallel, and is used for pre-charging the input capacitor through the resistor when the short-circuit contactor is disconnected;
a first input end and a second input end of the DC/DC high-frequency isolation conversion circuit are respectively and electrically connected with two ends of the input capacitor, and the DC/DC high-frequency isolation conversion circuit is used for converting the DC input voltage filtered by the input capacitor into the DC voltage for charging the vehicle-mounted storage battery when the short-circuit contactor is closed;
the first end and the second end of the output LC filtering loop are respectively and electrically connected with the first output end and the second output end of the DC/DC high-frequency isolation conversion circuit, and the third end of the output LC filtering loop is electrically connected with the first end of the auxiliary contact of the short-circuit contactor and is used for filtering the converted direct-current voltage;
a first end of the charger dead load is electrically connected with a second end of the auxiliary contact head of the short-circuit contactor, and a second end of the charger dead load is electrically connected with a second end of the output LC filter loop;
the anode and the cathode of the vehicle-mounted storage battery are respectively and electrically connected with the third end and the second end of the output LC filter circuit and are used for charging according to the output voltage of the output LC filter circuit;
when the vehicle-mounted charger works normally, the short-circuit contactor is closed after the pre-charging is finished, the auxiliary contact head of the short-circuit contactor is synchronously closed, and the dead load of the charger starts to work, so that the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted charger is ensured to be stable; when the vehicle-mounted charger stops working, the short-circuit contactor is disconnected, the auxiliary contact head of the short-circuit contactor is synchronously disconnected, and the dead load of the charger stops working, so that the dead load of the charger cannot discharge for the vehicle-mounted storage battery.
In one embodiment, the first end of the pre-charge loop is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply; the first end of the input inductor is electrically connected with the second end of the pre-charging loop, the second end of the input inductor is electrically connected with the first end of the input capacitor, and the second end of the input capacitor is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the direct-current power supply.
In one embodiment, the shorting contactor is a dc contactor.
In one embodiment, the vehicle-mounted charger further comprises an uncontrolled rectifying circuit, wherein a first input end of the uncontrolled rectifying circuit is electrically connected with a second end of the pre-charging loop, and a second input end of the uncontrolled rectifying circuit is electrically connected with a negative electrode of the alternating current power supply; the first end of the input inductor is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the alternating current power supply, the second end of the input inductor is electrically connected with the first end of the pre-charging loop, and the two ends of the input capacitor are respectively electrically connected with the first output end and the second output end of the uncontrolled rectifying circuit.
In one embodiment, the shorting contactor is a single-phase AC contactor and the uncontrolled rectifying circuit is a full-bridge rectifying circuit.
In one embodiment, the shorting contactor is a three-phase ac contactor; the vehicle-mounted charger further comprises an uncontrolled rectifying circuit, wherein a first input end, a second input end and a third input end of the uncontrolled rectifying circuit are respectively and electrically connected with second ends of a first main contact, a second main contact and a third main contact of the three-phase alternating current contactor; the input inductor is a three-phase inductor, a first input end, a second input end and a third input end of the three-phase inductor are respectively and electrically connected with three output ends of a three-phase alternating current power supply, a first output end, a second output end and a third output end of the three-phase inductor are respectively and electrically connected with first ends of a first main contact, a second main contact and a third main contact of the three-phase alternating current contactor, and two ends of the input capacitor are respectively and electrically connected with a first output end and a second output end of the uncontrolled rectifying circuit.
In one embodiment, the uncontrolled rectifying circuit is a three-phase rectifying bridge.
In one embodiment, the vehicle-mounted charging system further comprises a direct current load circuit, wherein the direct current load circuit comprises an output load blocking diode, a load distribution switch and a direct current load, an anode of the output load blocking diode is electrically connected with an anode of the vehicle-mounted storage battery, a cathode of the output load blocking diode is electrically connected with a first end of the load distribution switch, a second end of the load distribution switch is electrically connected with a first end of the direct current load, and a second end of the direct current load is electrically connected with a cathode of the vehicle-mounted storage battery, and is used for receiving the output voltage of the output LC filter circuit or the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted storage battery when a vehicle-mounted charging machine works normally; and when the vehicle-mounted charger stops working, the load power distribution switch is disconnected, so that the direct-current load cannot discharge the vehicle-mounted storage battery.
The invention also provides a dead load control method of the vehicle-mounted charger based on any one of the above embodiments, which comprises the following steps:
when the vehicle-mounted charger starts to work normally, the short-circuit contactor in the pre-charging loop is disconnected, and the input capacitor is pre-charged through the resistor in the pre-charging loop;
after the pre-charging is finished, closing the short-circuit contactor, and synchronously closing an auxiliary contact head of the short-circuit contactor so as to enable dead load of the charger to start working, thereby ensuring the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted charger to be stable;
when the vehicle-mounted charger stops working, the short-circuit contactor is disconnected, and the auxiliary contact head of the short-circuit contactor is synchronously disconnected, so that the dead load of the charger stops working, and the dead load of the charger is ensured not to discharge for the vehicle-mounted storage battery.
In one embodiment, the shorting contactor is a dc contactor, a single phase ac contactor, or a three phase ac contactor.
One or more embodiments of the present invention may have the following advantages over the prior art:
(1) The invention changes the wiring mode of dead load in the existing direct current vehicle-mounted charger, and the auxiliary contact head of the direct current contactor of the vehicle-mounted charger is connected in series to the dead load loop to control whether the dead load works, on one hand, no power device is needed to be added, thus no extra power loss is brought, and the vehicle-mounted charger has the characteristics of high efficiency and energy saving; on the other hand, a new mechanical or electronic switch and a driving circuit thereof are not required to be introduced, so that the product cost can be reduced, the product volume can be reduced, and the product competitiveness can be improved.
(2) The invention changes the wiring mode of dead load in the existing single-phase alternating current vehicle-mounted charger, and the auxiliary contact head of the single-phase alternating current contactor of the vehicle-mounted charger is connected in series to the dead load loop to control whether the dead load works, on one hand, no power device is needed to be added, thus no extra power loss is brought, and the vehicle-mounted charger has the characteristics of high efficiency and energy conservation; on the other hand, a new mechanical or electronic switch and a driving circuit thereof are not required to be introduced, so that the product cost can be reduced, the product volume can be reduced, and the product competitiveness can be improved.
(3) The invention changes the wiring mode of dead load in the existing three-phase alternating current vehicle-mounted charger, and the auxiliary contact head of the three-phase alternating current contactor of the vehicle-mounted charger is connected in series to the dead load loop to control whether the dead load works, on one hand, no power device is needed to be added, thus no extra power loss is brought, and the vehicle-mounted charger has the characteristics of high efficiency and energy conservation; on the other hand, a new mechanical or electronic switch and a driving circuit thereof are not required to be introduced, so that the product cost can be reduced, the product volume can be reduced, and the product competitiveness can be improved.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a conventional vehicle-mounted charger;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a conventional vehicle-mounted charger according to scheme 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a conventional vehicle-mounted charger according to scheme 2;
fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a vehicle-mounted charger according to a first embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a dead load control method of a vehicle-mounted charger according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a vehicle-mounted charger according to a second embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of a dead load control method of a vehicle-mounted charger according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of a vehicle-mounted charger according to a third embodiment of the invention;
fig. 9 is a flowchart of a dead load control method of a vehicle-mounted charger according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be provided with reference to the drawings and examples, so that how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented. It should be noted that, as long as there is no conflict, the embodiments and the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, and the technical solutions formed are within the scope of the present invention.
Example one
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a vehicle-mounted charger according to a first embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 4, includes: the system comprises a pre-charging loop, an input LC filtering loop, a DC/DC high-frequency isolation conversion circuit, an output LC filtering loop, a dead load of a charger, a vehicle-mounted storage battery and a direct-current load circuit.
And the pre-charging loop comprises a resistor R1 and a short-circuit contactor K1 which are connected in parallel, wherein the first end of the pre-charging loop is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the direct-current power supply and is used for pre-charging the input capacitor C1 through the resistor R1 when the short-circuit contactor K1 is disconnected. In the present embodiment, the shorting contactor K1 is a dc contactor. The resistor R1 is connected in parallel at two ends of a main contact of the direct current contactor K1.
The input LC filtering loop comprises an input filter formed by an input inductor L1 and an input capacitor C1, wherein the first end of the input inductor L1 is electrically connected with the second end of the pre-charging loop, the second end of the input inductor L1 is electrically connected with the first end of the input capacitor C1, the second end of the input capacitor C1 is electrically connected with the negative pole of the direct-current power supply, the input filter is used for filtering input voltage, and meanwhile, the input capacitor C1 is also used for playing a supporting role.
And a first input end and a second input end of the DC/DC high-frequency isolation conversion circuit M1 are respectively and electrically connected with two ends of the input capacitor C1, and the DC/DC high-frequency isolation conversion circuit M1 is used for converting the filtered DC input voltage into DC voltage for charging the vehicle-mounted storage battery Bat when the DC contactor K1 is closed.
An output LC filtering loop comprises an output filter formed by an output inductor L2 and an output capacitor C2, wherein the first end of the output inductor L2 is electrically connected with the first output end of the DC/DC high-frequency isolation conversion circuit M1, the second end of the output inductor L2 is electrically connected with the first end of the output capacitor C2, the second end of the output capacitor C2 is electrically connected with the second output end of the DC/DC high-frequency isolation conversion circuit M1, the common end of the output inductor L2 and the output capacitor C2 is electrically connected with the first end of an auxiliary contact of the DC contactor K1, and the output filter is used for filtering converted DC voltage.
Dead load R of charger D And the first end of the capacitor is electrically connected with the second end of the auxiliary contact of the direct current contactor K1, and the second end of the capacitor is electrically connected with the second end of the output capacitor C2.
And the anode and the cathode of the vehicle-mounted storage battery Bat are respectively and electrically connected with two ends of the output capacitor C2 and are used for charging according to the output voltage of the output LC filter loop.
The DC load circuit comprises an output load blocking diode VD1, a load distribution switch QF1 and a DC load R Load The anode of the output load blocking diode VD1 is electrically connected with the anode of the vehicle-mounted storage battery Bat, the cathode of the output load blocking diode VD1 is electrically connected with the first end of the load distribution switch QF1, and the second end of the load distribution switch QF1 is electrically connected with the direct-current load R Load Is electrically connected with a DC load R Load And the second end of the battery pack is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the vehicle-mounted storage battery Bat. When the vehicle-mounted charger works normally, the input voltage and the vehicle-mounted storage battery Bat receive the output voltage of the output LC filter loop together when the input voltage is normal, and the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted storage battery Bat is received when the input voltage is not available. When the vehicle-mounted charger stops working, the load power distribution switch QF1 is disconnected, so that the direct-current load R is ensured Load The on-vehicle battery Bat cannot be discharged.
When the vehicle-mounted charger works normally, the direct current contactor K1 is closed after the pre-charging is finished, the auxiliary contact head of the direct current contactor K1 is synchronously closed, and the dead load R of the charger D The vehicle-mounted charger starts to work, so that the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted charger is stable; when the vehicle-mounted charger stops working, the direct current contactor K1 is disconnected, the auxiliary contact head of the direct current contactor K1 is synchronously disconnected, and the dead load R of the charger D Stopping working, thereby ensuring the dead load R of the charger D The on-vehicle battery Bat cannot be discharged.
Based on the vehicle-mounted charger, the embodiment further provides a dead load control method of the vehicle-mounted charger. Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a dead load control method of a vehicle-mounted charger according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, steps S510 to S530 may be included.
In step S510, when the vehicle-mounted charger starts to work normally, the dc contactor K1 in the pre-charging circuit is opened, and the input capacitor C1 is pre-charged through the resistor R1 in the pre-charging circuit.
In step S520, after the pre-charging is completed, the dc contactor K1 is closed, and the auxiliary contact of the dc contactor K1 is synchronously closed, so as to make the charger dead load R D And starting to work, so that the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted charger is stable.
In step S530, when the vehicle-mounted charger stops working, the dc contactor K1 is turned off, and the auxiliary contact of the dc contactor K1 is turned off synchronously, so as to make the charger dead load R D Stopping working, thereby ensuring the dead load R of the charger D The on-vehicle battery Bat cannot be discharged.
In the embodiment, the wiring mode of dead load in the existing direct current vehicle-mounted charger is changed, and the auxiliary contact head of the direct current contactor of the vehicle-mounted charger is connected in series to the dead load loop to control whether the dead load works or not, so that on one hand, no power device is required to be added, no extra power loss is caused, and the vehicle-mounted charger has the characteristic of high efficiency and energy conservation; on the other hand, a new mechanical or electronic switch and a driving circuit thereof are not required to be introduced, so that the product cost can be reduced, the product volume can be reduced, and the product competitiveness can be improved.
Example two
Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a vehicle-mounted charger according to a second embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 6, includes: the device comprises a pre-charging loop, an input LC filtering loop, an uncontrolled rectifying circuit, a DC/DC high-frequency isolation converting circuit, an output LC filtering loop, a dead load of a charger, a vehicle-mounted storage battery and a direct-current load circuit.
The pre-charging loop comprises a resistor R1 and a short-circuit contactor K1 which are connected in parallel, and is used for pre-charging the input capacitor C1 through the resistor R1 when the short-circuit contactor K1 is disconnected. In this embodiment, the short-circuit contactor K1 is a single-phase ac contactor. The resistor R1 is connected in parallel at two ends of a main contact of the single-phase alternating current contactor K1.
The input LC filtering loop comprises an input filter formed by an input inductor L1 and an input capacitor C1, the first end of the input inductor L1 is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the alternating current power supply, the second end of the input inductor L1 is electrically connected with the first end of the pre-charging loop, the input filter is used for filtering input voltage, and meanwhile, the input capacitor C1 is also used for supporting.
The uncontrolled rectifier circuit is preferably a full bridge rectifier circuit V1. The first input end of the full-bridge rectification circuit V1 is electrically connected with the second end of the pre-charging loop, the second input end of the full-bridge rectification circuit V1 is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the alternating current power supply, and the first output end and the second output end of the full-bridge rectification circuit V1 are connected in parallel at two ends of the input capacitor C1 and used for converting single-phase alternating current input voltage into direct current input voltage.
And a first input end and a second input end of the DC/DC high-frequency isolation conversion circuit M1 are respectively and electrically connected with two ends of the input capacitor C1 and are used for converting the filtered DC input voltage into a DC voltage for charging the vehicle-mounted storage battery Bat when the single-phase AC contactor K1 is closed.
An output LC filtering loop comprises an output filter composed of an output inductor L2 and an output capacitor C2, wherein the first end of the output inductor L2 is electrically connected with the first output end of the DC/DC high-frequency isolation conversion circuit M1, the second end of the output inductor L2 is electrically connected with the first end of the output capacitor C2, the second end of the output capacitor C2 is electrically connected with the second output end of the DC/DC high-frequency isolation conversion circuit M1, and the common end of the output inductor L2 and the output capacitor C2 is electrically connected with the first end of an auxiliary contact of the single-phase alternating current contactor K1 and used for filtering converted direct current voltage.
Dead load R of charger D And the first end of the single-phase alternating current contactor is electrically connected with the second end of the auxiliary contact of the single-phase alternating current contactor K1, and the second end of the single-phase alternating current contactor is electrically connected with the second end of the output capacitor C2.
And the anode and the cathode of the vehicle-mounted storage battery Bat are respectively and electrically connected with two ends of the output capacitor C2 and are used for charging according to the output voltage of the output LC filter loop.
The DC load circuit comprises an output load blocking diode VD1, a load distribution switch QF1 and a DC load R Load The anode of the output load blocking diode VD1 is electrically connected with the anode of the vehicle-mounted storage battery Bat, the cathode of the output load blocking diode VD1 is electrically connected with the first end of the load distribution switch QF1, and the second end of the load distribution switch QF1 is electrically connected with the direct-current load R Load Is electrically connected with a DC load R Load And the second end of the battery pack is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the vehicle-mounted storage battery Bat. When the vehicle-mounted charger works normally, the input voltage and the vehicle-mounted storage battery Bat receive the output voltage of the output LC filter loop together when the input voltage is normal, and the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted storage battery Bat is received when the input voltage is not available. When the vehicle-mounted charger stops working, the load power distribution switch QF1 is disconnected, so that the direct-current load R is ensured Load The on-vehicle battery Bat cannot be discharged.
When the vehicle-mounted charger normally works, the single-phase alternating current contactor K1 is closed after the pre-charging is finished, the auxiliary contact head of the single-phase alternating current contactor K1 is synchronously closed, and the dead load R of the charger D Is put into operation wherebyThe output voltage of the vehicle-mounted charger is ensured to be stable; when the vehicle-mounted charger stops working, the single-phase alternating current contactor K1 is disconnected, the auxiliary contact head of the single-phase alternating current contactor K1 is synchronously disconnected, and the dead load R of the charger D Stopping working, thereby ensuring the dead load R of the charger D The on-vehicle battery Bat cannot be discharged.
Based on the vehicle-mounted charger, the embodiment further provides a dead load control method of the vehicle-mounted charger. Fig. 7 is a flowchart of a dead load control method of a vehicle-mounted charger according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7, steps S710 to S730 may be included.
In step S710, when the vehicle-mounted charger starts to work normally, the single-phase ac contactor K1 in the pre-charging circuit is opened, and the input capacitor C1 is pre-charged through the resistor R1 in the pre-charging circuit.
In step S720, after the pre-charging is completed, the single-phase ac contactor K1 is closed, and the auxiliary contact of the single-phase ac contactor K1 is synchronously closed, so as to make the charger dead load R D And starting to work, so that the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted charger is ensured to be stable.
In step S730, when the vehicle-mounted charger stops working, the single-phase ac contactor K1 is turned off, and the auxiliary contact of the single-phase ac contactor K1 is synchronously turned off, so that the dead load R of the charger is enabled D Stopping working, thereby ensuring the dead load R of the charger D The on-vehicle battery Bat cannot be discharged.
In the embodiment, the wiring mode of dead load in the existing single-phase alternating current vehicle-mounted charger is changed, and the auxiliary contact head of the single-phase alternating current contactor of the vehicle-mounted charger is connected in series to the dead load loop to control whether the dead load works or not, so that on one hand, no power device is required to be added, extra power loss is avoided, and the vehicle-mounted charger has the characteristic of high efficiency and energy conservation; on the other hand, a new mechanical or electronic switch and a driving circuit thereof are not required to be introduced, so that the product cost can be reduced, the product volume can be reduced, and the product competitiveness can be improved.
EXAMPLE III
Fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of a vehicle-mounted charger according to a third embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 8, includes: the device comprises a pre-charging loop, an input LC filtering loop, an uncontrolled rectifying circuit, a DC/DC high-frequency isolation conversion circuit, an output LC filtering loop, a dead load of a charger, a vehicle-mounted storage battery and a direct current load circuit.
The pre-charging loop comprises a resistor and a short-circuit contactor K1 which are connected in parallel, and is used for pre-charging the input capacitor C1 through the resistor when the short-circuit contactor K1 is disconnected. In this embodiment, the short-circuit contactor K1 is a three-phase ac contactor. In the present embodiment, the resistor R1 is connected in parallel to both ends of the first main contact of the three-phase ac contactor K1, and the resistor R2 is connected in parallel to both ends of the second main contact of the three-phase ac contactor K1. In the specific implementation, not only two resistors are connected in parallel, but also another resistor can be added and connected in parallel at two ends of the third main contact of the three-phase ac contactor K1.
The input LC filtering loop comprises an input filter jointly composed of an input inductor L1 (the input inductor is a three-phase inductor) and an input capacitor C1, a first input end, a second input end and a third input end of the three-phase inductor L1 are respectively and electrically connected with three output ends of a three-phase alternating current power supply, a first output end, a second output end and a third output end of the three-phase inductor L1 are respectively and electrically connected with a first main contact of a three-phase alternating current contactor K1, a first end of a second main contact and a first end of a third main contact, the input filter is used for filtering input voltage, and meanwhile the input capacitor C1 is also used for supporting.
The uncontrolled rectifier circuit is preferably a three-phase rectifier bridge V1. The first input end, the second input end and the third input end of the three-phase rectifier bridge V1 are respectively electrically connected with the second ends of the first main contact, the second main contact and the third main contact of the three-phase alternating current contactor K1, and the first output end and the second output end of the three-phase rectifier bridge V1 are connected in parallel at two ends of the input capacitor C1 and used for converting three-phase alternating current input voltage into direct current input voltage.
And a first input end and a second input end of the DC/DC high-frequency isolation and conversion circuit M1 are respectively and electrically connected with two ends of an input capacitor C1 and are used for converting the filtered DC input voltage into a DC voltage for charging the vehicle-mounted storage battery Bat when the three-phase AC contactor K1 is closed.
An output LC filtering loop comprises an output filter composed of an output inductor L2 and an output capacitor C2, wherein the first end of the output inductor L2 is electrically connected with the first output end of the DC/DC high-frequency isolation conversion circuit M1, the second end of the output inductor L2 is electrically connected with the first end of the output capacitor C2, the second end of the output capacitor C2 is electrically connected with the second output end of the DC/DC high-frequency isolation conversion circuit M1, the common end of the output inductor L2 and the output capacitor C2 is electrically connected with the first end of an auxiliary contact of the three-phase alternating current contactor K1, and the output filter is used for filtering converted direct current voltage.
Dead load R of charger D And the first end of the auxiliary contact is electrically connected with the second end of the auxiliary contact of the three-phase alternating current contactor K1, and the second end of the auxiliary contact is electrically connected with the second end of the output capacitor C2.
And the anode and the cathode of the vehicle-mounted storage battery Bat are respectively and electrically connected with two ends of the output capacitor C2 and are used for charging according to the output voltage of the output LC filter loop.
The DC load circuit comprises an output load blocking diode VD1, a load distribution switch QF1 and a DC load R Load The anode of the output load blocking diode VD1 is electrically connected with the anode of the vehicle-mounted storage battery Bat, the cathode of the output load blocking diode VD1 is electrically connected with the first end of the load distribution switch QF1, and the second end of the load distribution switch QF1 is electrically connected with the direct-current load R Load Is electrically connected with a DC load R Load And the second end of the battery pack is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the vehicle-mounted storage battery Bat. When the vehicle-mounted charger works normally, the input voltage and the vehicle-mounted storage battery Bat receive the output voltage of the output LC filter loop together when the input voltage is normal, and the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted storage battery Bat is received when the input voltage is not available. When the vehicle-mounted charger stops working, the load power distribution switch QF1 is disconnected, so that the direct-current load R is ensured Load The on-vehicle battery Bat cannot be discharged.
When the vehicle-mounted charger normally works, the three-phase alternating current contactor K1 is closed after the pre-charging is finished, the auxiliary contact head of the three-phase alternating current contactor K1 is synchronously closed, and the dead load R of the charger D The vehicle-mounted charger starts to work, so that the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted charger is stable; when the vehicle-mounted charger stops workingWhen the three-phase alternating current contactor K1 is disconnected, the auxiliary contact head of the three-phase alternating current contactor K1 is synchronously disconnected, and the dead load R of the charger D Stopping working, thereby ensuring the dead load R of the charger D The on-vehicle battery Bat cannot be discharged.
Based on the vehicle-mounted charger, the embodiment further provides a dead load control method of the vehicle-mounted charger. Fig. 9 is a flowchart of a dead load control method of a vehicle-mounted charger according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 9, steps S910 to S930 may be included.
In step S910, when the vehicle-mounted charger starts to operate normally, the three-phase ac contactor K1 in the pre-charging loop is opened, and the input capacitor C1 is pre-charged through the resistors R1 and R2 in the pre-charging loop.
In step S920, after the pre-charging is completed, the three-phase ac contactor K1 is closed, and the auxiliary contact of the three-phase ac contactor K1 is synchronously closed, so as to make the charger dead load R D And starting to work, so that the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted charger is stable.
In step S930, when the vehicle-mounted charger stops working, the three-phase ac contactor K1 is turned off, and the auxiliary contact of the three-phase ac contactor K1 is synchronously turned off, so that the dead load R of the charger is caused D Stopping working, thereby ensuring the dead load R of the charger D The on-vehicle battery Bat cannot be discharged.
In the embodiment, the dead load wiring mode in the existing three-phase alternating current vehicle-mounted charger is changed, and the auxiliary contact head of the three-phase alternating current contactor of the vehicle-mounted charger is connected in series to the dead load loop to control whether the dead load works, so that on one hand, no power device is required to be added, and therefore, no extra power loss is brought, and the high-efficiency energy-saving characteristic is realized; on the other hand, a new mechanical or electronic switch and a driving circuit thereof are not required to be introduced, so that the product cost can be reduced, the product volume can be reduced, and the product competitiveness can be improved.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a vehicle-mounted charger which characterized in that includes:
the input LC filtering loop comprises an input filter which is formed by an input inductor and an input capacitor, wherein the input filter is used for filtering input voltage, and the input capacitor is also used for supporting;
the pre-charging loop comprises a resistor and a short-circuit contactor which are connected in parallel, and is used for pre-charging the input capacitor through the resistor when the short-circuit contactor is disconnected;
a first input end and a second input end of the DC/DC high-frequency isolation conversion circuit are respectively and electrically connected with two ends of the input capacitor, and the DC/DC high-frequency isolation conversion circuit is used for converting the DC input voltage filtered by the input capacitor into the DC voltage for charging the vehicle-mounted storage battery when the short-circuit contactor is closed;
a first end and a second end of the output LC filter loop are respectively and electrically connected with a first output end and a second output end of the DC/DC high-frequency isolation and conversion circuit, and a third end of the output LC filter loop is electrically connected with a first end of an auxiliary contact of the short-circuit contactor and is used for filtering converted direct-current voltage;
a first end of the charger dead load is electrically connected with a second end of the auxiliary contact head of the short-circuit contactor, and a second end of the charger dead load is electrically connected with a second end of the output LC filter loop;
the anode and the cathode of the vehicle-mounted storage battery are respectively and electrically connected with the third end and the second end of the output LC filter circuit and are used for charging according to the output voltage of the output LC filter circuit;
when the vehicle-mounted charger works normally, the short-circuit contactor is closed after the pre-charging is finished, the auxiliary contact head of the short-circuit contactor is synchronously closed, and the dead load of the charger starts to work, so that the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted charger is ensured to be stable; when the vehicle-mounted battery charger stops working, the short-circuit contactor is disconnected, the auxiliary contact head of the short-circuit contactor is synchronously disconnected, and the dead load of the battery charger stops working, so that the dead load of the battery charger cannot discharge for the vehicle-mounted storage battery.
2. The vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 1, characterized in that,
the first end of the pre-charging loop is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the direct-current power supply;
the first end of the input inductor is electrically connected with the second end of the pre-charging loop, the second end of the input inductor is electrically connected with the first end of the input capacitor, and the second end of the input capacitor is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the direct-current power supply.
3. The vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 2, wherein the short-circuit contactor is a direct current contactor.
4. The vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 1, characterized in that,
the vehicle-mounted charger further comprises an uncontrolled rectifying circuit, wherein a first input end of the uncontrolled rectifying circuit is electrically connected with a second end of the pre-charging loop, and a second input end of the uncontrolled rectifying circuit is electrically connected with a negative electrode of the alternating current power supply;
the first end of the input inductor is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the alternating current power supply, the second end of the input inductor is electrically connected with the first end of the pre-charging loop, and the two ends of the input capacitor are respectively and electrically connected with the first output end and the second output end of the uncontrolled rectifying circuit.
5. The vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 4, wherein the short-circuit contactor is a single-phase alternating current contactor, and the uncontrolled rectifying circuit is a full-bridge rectifying circuit.
6. The vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 1, characterized in that the short-circuit contactor is a three-phase alternating current contactor;
the first input end, the second input end and the third input end of the uncontrolled rectifying circuit are respectively and electrically connected with the second ends of the first main contact head, the second main contact head and the third main contact head of the three-phase alternating current contactor;
the input inductor is a three-phase inductor, a first input end, a second input end and a third input end of the three-phase inductor are respectively and electrically connected with three output ends of a three-phase alternating current power supply, a first output end, a second output end and a third output end of the three-phase inductor are respectively and electrically connected with first ends of a first main contact, a second main contact and a third main contact of the three-phase alternating current contactor, and two ends of the input capacitor are respectively and electrically connected with a first output end and a second output end of the uncontrolled rectifying circuit.
7. The vehicle-mounted charger according to claim 6, wherein said non-controlled rectifying circuit is a three-phase rectifying bridge.
8. The vehicle-mounted charger according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a direct current load circuit, wherein the direct current load circuit comprises an output load blocking diode, a load distribution switch and a direct current load, an anode of the output load blocking diode is electrically connected with an anode of the vehicle-mounted battery, a cathode of the output load blocking diode is electrically connected with a first end of the load distribution switch, a second end of the load distribution switch is electrically connected with a first end of the direct current load, and a second end of the direct current load is electrically connected with a cathode of the vehicle-mounted battery, and is configured to receive the output voltage of the output LC filter circuit or the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted battery when the vehicle-mounted charger is in normal operation; and when the vehicle-mounted charger stops working, the load power distribution switch is disconnected, so that the direct-current load cannot discharge the vehicle-mounted storage battery.
9. The dead load control method of the vehicle-mounted charger according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
when the vehicle-mounted charger starts to work normally, a short-circuit contactor in a pre-charging loop is disconnected, and an input capacitor is pre-charged through a resistor in the pre-charging loop;
after the pre-charging is finished, closing the short circuit contactor, and synchronously closing an auxiliary contact head of the short circuit contactor so as to enable a dead load of a charger to start working, thereby ensuring the output voltage of the vehicle-mounted charger to be stable;
when the vehicle-mounted charger stops working, the short-circuit contactor is disconnected, and an auxiliary contact head of the short-circuit contactor is synchronously disconnected, so that the dead load of the charger stops working, and the fact that the dead load of the charger cannot discharge for the vehicle-mounted storage battery is ensured.
10. The dead load control method of claim 9, wherein the shorting contactor is a dc contactor, a single phase ac contactor, or a three phase ac contactor.
CN201810999446.8A 2018-08-30 2018-08-30 Vehicle-mounted charger and dead load control method thereof Active CN110875609B (en)

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CN112803385B (en) * 2021-01-22 2022-12-23 深圳市汇川技术股份有限公司 Discharge control method of vehicle-mounted charging circuit, vehicle-mounted charger and storage medium
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