CN203498795U - Slope-type caisson breakwater - Google Patents
Slope-type caisson breakwater Download PDFInfo
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- CN203498795U CN203498795U CN201320547875.4U CN201320547875U CN203498795U CN 203498795 U CN203498795 U CN 203498795U CN 201320547875 U CN201320547875 U CN 201320547875U CN 203498795 U CN203498795 U CN 203498795U
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- ramp type
- caisson
- slope
- caisson body
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a slope-type caisson breakwater. The slope-type caisson breakwater consists of a plurality of slope-type caisson bodies in the longitudinal direction, wherein the top of each slope-type caisson body is a caisson body dike top slope surface which rises from a breakwater sea side to a breakwater harbor side; the slope of the caisson body dike top slope surface is between 1: 3 and 1:1; the height of the caisson body dike top slope surface is 1 to 4 times of wave height; waves are broken on slope surfaces by the slopes of the slope-type caisson bodies, most waves can be absorbed and dissipated in the moving process of the slope surfaces, the wave reflection is low, the stability is high, and the protective effect of the breakwater is good; the strength and the rigidity of a dike body made of slope-type reinforced concrete caissons are high; the using amount of construction materials is low; the construction efficiency is high; the manufacturing cost is low; the investment is low; the construction period is short.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to marine structure field.
Background technology
Mole is the important hydraulic structure in harbour, for defending the invasion and attack of wave to harbour region, guarantee that there is waters stably at harbour, be convenient to boats and ships and stop mooring, carry out smoothly cargo handling operation and upper and lower passenger, also may there is sand prevention, anti-stream, anti-icing, the double function of doing harbour of water conservancy diversion or inner side.Along with the development of World Economics and the growth of trade, for reducing water transport cost, boats and ships are maximized, good bay is developed totally, and new port is had to the severe marine site development of environment, trend that the wave is high in the depth of water, the marine site of complicated geology construction mole is inevitable.
Mole can be divided into ramp type, vertical type and special shape by form of structure.
Existing sloping breakwater all adopts natural block of stone or artificial concret block pell mell construction to form, and its gradient is not generally suddenly in 1: 1, and wave occurs broken on slope, and most of wave energy is absorbed and dissipates in the traveling process of slope.Existing sloping breakwater is simple in structure, and reflexion of wave is little, and stability is high, and easy construction is easy to repair, and is applicable to various grounds, and building stones can be gathered materials on the spot.Shortcoming is that mole section is large, and mole material usage is many, and when particularly the depth of water is larger, the greatly increase of increase mole material with the depth of water, increases difficulty of construction and cost.
The structure section both sides of vertical breakwater are upright metope, wave produces larger reflection on upright metope, on vertical breakwater, there is huge wave impact pressure, mole is wanted the impact that can bear wave, vertical breakwater often adopts the reinforced concrete caisson of square box shape to do levee body, concrete service efficiency high strength is good, the concrete caisson of box-shaped has higher bulk strength, compare with sloping breakwater, constructional materials consumption is less, and larger with both differences of increase of the depth of water.Concrete caisson is whole manufacture by land, easy construction, and low cost of manufacture, the effect of energy dissipation of vertical type box-shaped mole is poor, generally needs large-scale special construction machinery in building course, and construction is complicated, if soft foundation need carry out consolidation process, cost is high.Vertical breakwater is once destroy, and consequence is serious, repairs difficulty.
The cost of existing breakwater structure is high, investment is large, can not meet the needs of economic development and construction.Particularly at the neritic province domain on weak soil basis, build mole just more difficult, the handling expenses of labour material on weak soil basis, cost is high.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of ramp type caisson breakwater, to there is wave in the slope of ramp type caisson broken on slope, and most of wave energy is absorbed and dissipates in the traveling process of slope, and reflexion of wave is little, stability is high, the protection effect of mole is good, does levee body intensity and toughness good with ramp type reinforced concrete caisson, and constructional materials consumption is few, efficiency of construction is high, low cost of manufacture, small investment, the construction period is short.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is: by a plurality of ramp type caisson bodies, longitudinally form ramp type caisson breakwater, ramp type caisson body is reinforced concrete box shaped structure, comprise the caisson body horizonal base plate that is positioned at bottom, the horizontal vertical wall of a plurality of caisson bodies, the longitudinal vertical wall of a plurality of caisson bodies, the top of ramp type caisson body is the caisson body levee crown slope being raise by side direction mole port, mole sea side, the gradient of caisson body levee crown slope is between 1: 3 to 1: 1, the height of caisson body levee crown slope is 1 to 4 times of wave height.
Described caisson body levee crown slope is that the ramp type lattice that progressively raise that consist of a plurality of inclination transverse beams and a plurality of horizontal longitudinal beam are deleted, ramp type lattice delete can to pour in ramp type caisson body silt particle, stone lattice delete hole.
Described caisson body levee crown slope is the progressively ramp type matsurface of rising of projection and recessed formation, and on ramp type matsurface, having can be to the filling sand hole that pours into silt particle, stone in ramp type caisson body.
Described caisson body levee crown slope is a plurality of ramp type steps that progressively raise, and on ramp type step, having can be to the filling sand hole that pours into silt particle in ramp type caisson body.
Described ramp type lattice are deleted, ramp type matsurface, ramp type step and ramp type caisson system are integral.
The ramp type lattice that described ramp type lattice are deleted, ramp type matsurface, ramp type step are a plurality of slopes box-shaped are deleted the piece that binds, a plurality of ramp type matsurface piece, a plurality of ramp type step piece that binds that binds, ramp type lattice are deleted the piece that binds, ramp type matsurface piece, the ramp type step piece that binds that binds and are embedded in the space between the horizontal vertical wall of a plurality of caisson bodies at ramp type caisson body top, the longitudinal vertical wall of a plurality of caisson bodies, have the piece brace table that binds that supports the piece that binds on the vertical wall of ramp type caisson body.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: a kind of ramp type caisson breakwater is provided, to there is wave in the slope of ramp type caisson broken on slope, and most of wave energy is absorbed and dissipates in the traveling process of slope, and reflexion of wave is little, stability is high, the protection effect of mole is good, does levee body intensity and toughness good with ramp type reinforced concrete caisson, and constructional materials consumption is few, efficiency of construction is high, low cost of manufacture, small investment, the construction period is short.
Accompanying drawing explanation
1. Fig. 1 is the cross section sectional view of the first embodiment of ramp type caisson breakwater.
2. Fig. 2 is that the K of Fig. 1 is to view.
3. Fig. 3 is the cross section sectional view of the second embodiment of ramp type caisson breakwater.
4. Fig. 4 is that the H of Fig. 3 is to view.
5. Fig. 5 is the cross section sectional view of the third embodiment of ramp type caisson breakwater.
6. Fig. 6 is the cross section sectional view of the 4th kind of embodiment of ramp type caisson breakwater.
7. Fig. 7 is the cross section sectional view of the 5th kind of embodiment of ramp type caisson breakwater.
8. Fig. 8 is the cross section sectional view of the 6th kind of embodiment of ramp type caisson breakwater.
In the drawings:
1. ramp type caisson body 2. caisson body horizonal base plates
3. the longitudinal vertical wall of the horizontal vertical wall 4. caisson body of caisson body
5. caisson body levee crown slope 6. ramp type lattice are deleted
7. ramp type matsurface 8. ramp type steps
9. fill with sand hole 10. ramp type lattice and delete the piece that binds
The 11. ramp type matsurfaces piece 12. ramp type steps piece that binds that binds
13. piece brace table 14. mean sea levels that bind
15. mole jackstone Benq beds
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the utility model is described in further detail: ramp type caisson breakwater is to be longitudinally formed by connecting by a plurality of ramp type caisson bodies 1, ramp type caisson body 1 is reinforced concrete box shaped structure, comprises and is positioned at the caisson body horizonal base plate 2 of bottom, the horizontal vertical wall 3 of a plurality of caisson body, the longitudinal vertical wall 4 of a plurality of caisson body.The top of ramp type caisson body 1 is the caisson body levee crown slope 5 being raise by side direction mole port, mole sea side, the gradient of caisson body levee crown slope 5 is between 1: 3 to 1: 1, there is the more slow gradient (being conventionally less than 45 degree), because wave has energy, water body can upwards climb along slope, when kinetic energy approach exhaustion and potential energy when maximum, water body again can be along the downward landing of slope, and slope has reduced reflection and the active force of wave greatly.
Theory analysis and lot of experiments show, the energy major part of wave concentrates on the top layer of water body, concentrates respectively 90% to 98% wave energy in the water layer thickness of top layer 2-3 times wave height.The height of caisson body levee crown slope 5 is 1 to 4 times of wave height, is the concentrated position of wave energy.
Wave on sloping breakwater velocity variations everywhere on slope is large, and wave is climbed up slope and because the depth of water shoals, can be produced brokenly, and most of wave energy is absorbed and dissipates in the traveling process of slope.On slope, manufacture roughness or artificial barrier, while making wave climb landing, water body can agitate, rolls, circle round, the eddy current of generation, collision, and most of wave energy is low disappearing mutually, reduced the impact of mole and infringement.The utility model also has that the reflexion of wave of existing ramp type riprap breakwater is little, and stability is high, reduces the advantage that wave energy is impacted.
The utility model is the monolithic slope casing that Reinforced Concrete Materials is made, and intensity and toughness is high, and section is little, constructional materials consumption is little, and stock utilization is high, is applicable to the situation that the depth of water is larger, cross-sectional area and material usage also can further be cut down in slope, reduce costs.When meeting with the especially big storm time of tide, slope is conducive to more unrestrained, ensures safety.
Fig. 1 is the cross section sectional view of the first embodiment of ramp type caisson breakwater.Fig. 2 is that the K of Fig. 1 is to view.
In Fig. 1, caisson body levee crown slope 5 is that the ramp type lattice that progressively raise that consist of a plurality of inclination transverse beams and a plurality of horizontal longitudinal beam delete 6, ramp type lattice are deleted 6 lattice and are deleted hole and caisson body internal communication, can in ramp type caisson body 1, pour into silt particle, stone, ramp type caisson is at sea after positioning sinking, by lattice, delete hole and pour into silt particle, stone in ramp type caisson, increase quality and the stability of caisson.
Slope lattice are deleted the stage of 6 formation multilayer injustice, make ramp type lattice delete 6 rough surface, when wave climbs or during landing, water body can agitate, rolls, circle round, and the eddy current of generation, collision, most of wave energy is low disappearing mutually.
Ramp type lattice are deleted 6 and are made one with ramp type caisson body 1, make one and make ramp type caisson body 1 have better bulk strength and rigidity.Ramp type lattice delete 6 at the top of ramp type caisson body 1, and the silt particle of stop ramps formula caisson body 1 inner filling is washed away by wave.
When ramp type caisson body 1 is manufactured by land, ramp type lattice are deleted 6 lattice and are deleted the passage that hole can be used for the article turnover such as constructor and template.
Fig. 3 is the cross section sectional view of the second embodiment of ramp type caisson breakwater.Fig. 4 is that the H of Fig. 3 is to view.
In Fig. 3, caisson body levee crown slope 5 is that the ramp type lattice of a plurality of slopes box-shaped are deleted the piece 10 that binds, and ramp type lattice are deleted in the horizontal vertical wall 3 of a plurality of caisson bodies that the piece 10 that binds is embedded in the top of ramp type caisson body 1, the space between the longitudinal vertical wall 4 of a plurality of caisson body.Ramp type lattice are deleted the top of the piece 10 shutoff ramp type caisson bodies 1 that bind, and prevent that the silt particle of ramp type caisson body 1 inner filling from being washed away by wave, have the piece brace table 13 that binds that supports the piece that binds on the vertical wall of ramp type caisson body 1.
Ramp type lattice are deleted the stage that the piece 10 of binding forms multilayer injustice, make ramp type lattice delete 6 rough surface, when wave climbs or during landing, water body can agitate, rolls, circle round, the eddy current of generation, collision, mutual low the disappearing of most of wave energy.
Ramp type lattice are deleted bind piece 10 and ramp type caisson body 1 split production, have reduced the weight of ramp type caisson body 1 and have manufactured hoisting difficulty, but having increased assembling trouble.
Fig. 5 is the cross section sectional view of the third embodiment of ramp type caisson breakwater.
Caisson body levee crown slope 5 is that on ramp type matsurface 7, having can be to the filling sand hole 9 that pours into silt particle, stone in ramp type caisson body 1 by projection and the recessed progressively ramp type matsurface 7 of rising forming.
Ramp type matsurface 7 makes rough surface, when wave climbs or during landing, water body can agitate, roll, circle round in projection and recessed surface, the eddy current of generation, collision, mutual low the disappearing of most of wave energy.
Ramp type matsurface 7 is made one with ramp type caisson body 1, makes one and makes ramp type caisson body 1 have better bulk strength and rigidity.
When ramp type caisson body 1 is manufactured by land, fill with the passage that sand hole 9 can be used for the article turnover such as constructor and template.
Fig. 6 is the cross section sectional view of the 4th kind of embodiment of ramp type caisson breakwater.
In Fig. 6, caisson body levee crown slope 5 is a plurality of ramp type matsurface pieces 11 that bind by projection and the recessed progressively rising forming, the ramp type matsurface piece 11 that binds is embedded between the horizontal vertical wall 3 of a plurality of caisson bodies, the longitudinal vertical wall 4 of a plurality of caisson body at the top of ramp type caisson body 1, the bind top of piece 11 shutoff ramp type caisson bodies 1 of ramp type matsurface, prevents that the silt particle of ramp type caisson body 1 inner filling from being washed away by wave.On the vertical wall of ramp type caisson body 1, there is the piece brace table 13 that binds that supports the piece that binds.
The ramp type matsurface piece 11 that binds makes ramped surfaces coarse, when wave climbs or during landing, water body can agitate, roll, circle round in projection and recessed surface, the eddy current of generation, collision, mutual low the disappearing of most of wave energy.
Ramp type matsurface binds, and have on piece 11 can be to the filling sand hole 9 that pours into silt particle, stone in ramp type caisson body 1.
Ramp type matsurface bind piece 11 and ramp type caisson body 1 split production, reduced the weight of ramp type caisson body 1 and manufactured hoisting difficulty, but having increased assembling trouble.
Fig. 7 is the cross section sectional view of the 5th kind of embodiment of ramp type caisson breakwater.
In Fig. 7, caisson body levee crown slope 5 is a plurality of ramp type steps 8 that progressively raise, and on ramp type step 8, having can be to the filling sand hole 9 that pours into silt particle in ramp type caisson body 1.
Ramp type step 8 makes ramped surfaces be step-like, when wave climbs or during landing, water body can agitate at ledge surface, roll, circles round, and the eddy current of generation, collision, most of wave energy is low disappearing mutually.
Ramp type step 8 is made one with ramp type caisson body 1, makes one and makes ramp type caisson body 1 have better bulk strength and rigidity.
When ramp type caisson body 1 is manufactured by land, fill with the passage that sand hole 9 can be used for the article turnover such as constructor and template.
Fig. 8 is the cross section sectional view of the 6th kind of embodiment of ramp type caisson breakwater.
In Fig. 8, caisson body levee crown slope 5 is a plurality of ramp type steps of making slope box-shaped pieces 12 that bind, the ramp type step piece 12 that binds is embedded between the horizontal vertical wall 3 of a plurality of caisson bodies at ramp type caisson body 1 top, the longitudinal vertical wall 4 of a plurality of caisson body, has the piece brace table 13 that binds that supports the piece that binds on the vertical wall of ramp type caisson body 1.
The ramp type step piece 12 that binds makes ramped surfaces be step-like, when wave climbs or during landing, water body can agitate at ledge surface, roll, circles round, and the eddy current of generation, collision, most of wave energy is low disappearing mutually.
Ramp type step binds, and have on piece 12 can be to the filling sand hole 9 that pours into silt particle, stone in ramp type caisson body 1.
Ramp type step bind piece 12 and ramp type caisson body 1 split production, reduced the weight of ramp type caisson body 1 and manufactured hoisting difficulty, but having increased assembling trouble.
On slope of the present utility model, there is larger inclined-plane, on inclined-plane, can make the sea fishery facilities such as artificial marine habitat, improve marine environment, increase marine resource.
In figure, undeclared piece number 14 represents the position of mean sea level, and piece number 15 represents Benq's bed pierre-perdue of mole.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: a kind of ramp type caisson breakwater is provided, to there is wave in the slope of ramp type caisson broken on slope, and most of wave energy is absorbed and dissipates in the traveling process of slope, and reflexion of wave is little, stability is high, the protection effect of mole is good, does levee body intensity and toughness good with ramp type reinforced concrete caisson, and constructional materials consumption is few, efficiency of construction is high, low cost of manufacture, small investment, the construction period is short.
Claims (6)
1. the ramp type caisson breakwater longitudinally being formed by a plurality of ramp type caisson bodies (1), ramp type caisson body (1) is reinforced concrete box shaped structure, comprise the caisson body horizonal base plate (2), the horizontal vertical walls of a plurality of caisson bodies (3), the longitudinal vertical walls of a plurality of caisson bodies (4) that are positioned at bottom, it is characterized in that: the top of ramp type caisson body (1) is the caisson body levee crown slope (5) being raise by side direction mole port, mole sea side, the gradient of caisson body levee crown slope (5) is between 1: 3 to 1: 1, and the height of caisson levee crown slope (5) is 1 to 4 times of wave height.
2. ramp type caisson breakwater according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: caisson body levee crown slope (5) is that the ramp type lattice that progressively raise that consist of a plurality of inclination transverse beams and a plurality of horizontal longitudinal beam are deleted (6), ramp type lattice delete on (6), have can to pour in ramp type caisson body (1) silt particle, stone lattice delete hole.
3. ramp type caisson breakwater according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: caisson body levee crown slope (5) is the progressively ramp type matsurface (7) of rising of projection and recessed formation, on ramp type matsurface (7), having can be to the filling sand hole (9) that pours into silt particle, stone in ramp type caisson body (1).
4. ramp type caisson breakwater according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: caisson body levee crown slope (5) is a plurality of ramp type steps (8) that progressively raise, on ramp type step (8), having can be to the filling sand hole (9) that pours into silt particle in ramp type caisson body (1).
5. according to the ramp type caisson breakwater described in claim 2,3,4, it is characterized in that: ramp type lattice are deleted (6), ramp type matsurface (7), ramp type step (8) is made one with ramp type caisson body (1).
6. according to claim 2, 3, ramp type caisson breakwater described in 4, it is characterized in that: ramp type lattice are deleted, ramp type matsurface, ramp type step is that the ramp type lattice of a plurality of slopes box-shaped are deleted the piece that binds (10), a plurality of ramp type matsurfaces piece (11) that binds, a plurality of ramp type steps piece (12) that binds, ramp type lattice are deleted the piece that binds (10), the ramp type matsurface piece (11) that binds, the ramp type step piece (12) that binds is embedded in the horizontal vertical walls of a plurality of caisson bodies (3) at ramp type caisson body (1) top, in space between the longitudinal vertical walls of a plurality of caisson bodies (4), on the vertical wall of ramp type caisson body (1), there is the piece brace table (13) that binds that supports the piece that binds.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320547875.4U CN203498795U (en) | 2013-09-03 | 2013-09-03 | Slope-type caisson breakwater |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320547875.4U CN203498795U (en) | 2013-09-03 | 2013-09-03 | Slope-type caisson breakwater |
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| CN203498795U true CN203498795U (en) | 2014-03-26 |
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| CN201320547875.4U Expired - Fee Related CN203498795U (en) | 2013-09-03 | 2013-09-03 | Slope-type caisson breakwater |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107075863A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2017-08-18 | 因斯坦特体育有限公司 | Wave maker system with dissipative type waterfront |
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2013
- 2013-09-03 CN CN201320547875.4U patent/CN203498795U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107075863A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2017-08-18 | 因斯坦特体育有限公司 | Wave maker system with dissipative type waterfront |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20140326 Termination date: 20160903 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |