CN203376188U - Dry and wet atmospheric nitrogen and phosphorus deposition sampling system with wireless communication function - Google Patents
Dry and wet atmospheric nitrogen and phosphorus deposition sampling system with wireless communication function Download PDFInfo
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- CN203376188U CN203376188U CN201320445035.7U CN201320445035U CN203376188U CN 203376188 U CN203376188 U CN 203376188U CN 201320445035 U CN201320445035 U CN 201320445035U CN 203376188 U CN203376188 U CN 203376188U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a dry and wet atmospheric nitrogen and phosphorus deposition sampling system with a wireless communication function. The system comprises a plurality of field samplers and a remote data processor, wherein each field sampler comprises a box body, a rain sensor, a rain gauge, a turnover cover board, a dry deposition collecting cylinder, a wet deposition collecting cylinder, a position sensor, a motor and a control and transmission system, wherein the turnover cover board is connected with the motor; the control and transmission system is respectively connected with the rain sensor, the motor, the rain gauge and the position sensor; the remote data processor and each field sampler carry out data transmission through a public wireless data communication service. By adopting the dry and wet atmospheric nitrogen and phosphorus deposition sampling system, the collected rainfall data and position information of the turnover cover board are transmitted to the remote data processor by the field samplers in a wireless communication manner; basic remote control can be achieved; the quality of dry and wet atmospheric deposition sample collection and analysis in a wild complex environment is ensured to the maximal extent.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the enviromental monitoring equipment research field, particularly a kind of atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dried wet deposition sampling system with radio communication function.
Background technology
Atmospheric sedimentation refers to the natural subsidence of various materials in atmosphere, is divided into dry deposition and wet deposition.Wherein, when dry deposition refers to precipitation does not occur, in atmosphere, material is subject to gravity, particle absorption etc. to act on by atmospheric sedimentation the process to ground; When wet deposition refers to precipitation event occurs, the high-altitude raindrop absorb and wash away the settling process that material in atmosphere drops to ground.The research of relevant atmospheric sedimentation is morning, but the emphasis of research mainly concentrates on acid rain and heavy metal pollution aspect for a long time, and it transmits nutriment is ignored by people the impact of ecologic environment always.Yet, the surface water environments such as the river mouth complicated for evolution mechanism, that ecologic environment is responsive, lake, reservoir, the main source that maintains primary productivity desired nutritional element is not only in the sedimentation of atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus, is also external and newly-increased pollutional load simultaneously.In recent years, along with organic contamination is progressively controlled, the eutrophication problem of immediate offshore area and emphasis Hu Ku highlights day by day, but fossil fuel and modern agriculture are also sharply increasing to the active nitrogen discharged in atmosphere, make the loads of nutrition of inputting ,Hu storehouse, river and marine ecosystems by atmospheric sedimentation also continue to increase, and become gradually one of important pollution source of countries in the world body eutrophication problem.
At present, although atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dried wet deposition receives publicity gradually on the impact of water ecological environment, the Research foundation aspect its sedimentation load quantitative observation is also comparatively weak.On the one hand, not only lack unified atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dried wet deposition sample collection and monitoring analysis technical manual, and the stability of existing dried wet deposition sample collection system is also poor, often needs field maintemance quickly and maintenance, otherwise be difficult to guarantee the quality of sample collection; On the other hand, because part nitrogen phosphorus dried wet deposition observation website need to be laid in the field open-air atmosphere away from city, and the uncertainty of rainfall, require the sample collector must accurately grasp the situation of observation site, and timely Collection and preservation wet deposition sample, detect otherwise will affect the result of analyzing.Although existing atmosphere dried wet deposition sample devices has realized that by the rainfall inductor dry deposition and the automatic of wet deposition separate, greatly reduced the work difficulty of sample collection, but still be difficult to solve the problem of above-mentioned two aspects, must there be special personnel garrison at observation site guarantee sample collection and detect the quality of analyzing.
The Chinese invention patent that application number is 201010104400.9 discloses a kind of automatic sampler for dry and wet deposition of radiation environment, this sampling thief comprises casing, casing is provided with the rainwater inductor on top, roof box is provided with precipitum surge drum and rainwater-collecting cylinder, the rainwater-collecting cylinder is provided with gland bonnet, and gland bonnet is connected with the output shaft of lifting rotation switching mechanism.But this invention has the following disadvantages: 1 described controller is to adopt single-chip microcomputer to be controlled, by the communication bus uploading data.It is very high carrying out the bus arrangement cost at some open-air atmospheres of the field away from city, and is easy to be subject to the destruction of environment.2, this sampling thief does not configure rain gage, does not possess the rainfall amount remote data transmission function yet.Therefore, under some open-air atmospheres of the field away from city, be difficult to after rainfall stops Collection and preservation wet deposition sample at once, will affect and detect the result of analyzing, especially for non-conservative materials such as nitrogen, phosphorus.3, this sampling thief does not have the equipment working state telemonitoring and controls function, when the separating dry space from moist space fault occurs, is difficult to carry out fast plant maintenance or maintenance, has a strong impact on the quality of sample collection.The Chinese invention patent that application number is 201210229259.4 discloses the multifunction atmospheric automatic sampler for dry and wet deposition, and this sampling thief has above-mentioned shortcoming equally, is only an independently sampling thief, does not possess the function of radio communication.
Therefore, provide a kind of cost low, can be in the severe applications of environment, the atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dried wet deposition sampling system that can control in real time equipment running status has important research and is worth.
The utility model content
Fundamental purpose of the present utility model is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art with not enough, a kind of atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dried wet deposition sampling system with radio communication function is provided, this system is by long-range rainfall data transmission and separating dry space from moist space condition monitoring, can accurately grasp the situation at settlement observation scene and the duty of sample gathering apparatus, so that maintenance and sample collector arrive observation site in time, guarantee the atmosphere dried wet deposition sample collection and detect the quality of analyzing.
The purpose of this utility model realizes by following technical scheme: the atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dried wet deposition sampling system with radio communication function, comprise several spot sampling devices and a remote data processor, the rain gage that each spot sampling device comprises casing, is arranged on the rainwater inductor at casing top, overturns cover plate, dry deposition collection cylinder, wet deposition collection cylinder and be placed in the casing side; Described spot sampling device also comprises control and transmission system, motor and accumulator, and described upset cover plate is connected with motor, and described control is connected with rainwater inductor, motor, rain gage respectively with transmission system, and accumulator is that above-mentioned each device is powered; Control and transmission system in described remote data processor and each spot sampling device communicate by the transmission of wireless signals mode.Pass through wireless mode, remote data processor can long-range grasp spot sampling device the on-the-spot rainfall amount data of equipment working state, long-range acquisition, and can realize basic Long-distance Control, thereby reduce staff's working strength, improve job stability, and save the system layout cost.
Preferably, described dry deposition collection cylinder and wet deposition collection cylinder cylinder mouth place also are provided with several position transducers for detection of the overturn cover Board position, and each position transducer is connected with transmission system with control respectively.Control the overturn cover Board position information that can transmit according to position transducer with transmission system and judge whether normal operation of current upset cover plate.
Preferably, described dry deposition collection cylinder and wet deposition collection cylinder all are embedded in casing, are divided into two groups of left and right and are arranged side by side.Cylinder body can process with stainless steel.
Preferably, described motor is the Worm type reducing motor.Adopt this motor can make to control stroke more accurate.
Preferably, describedly by the transmission of wireless signals mode, communicate the public wireless data communication service of referring to, comprise GPRS, CDMA, 3G mobile card, wireless station, satellite communication.
Preferably, described accumulator can be charge in batteries by various ways such as AC power or solar panels, has improved the utility model job stability under complex environment in the wild.
The method of said apparatus based on following realizes:
When there is no rainfall, the upset cover plate covers on the wet deposition collection cylinder; Once the rainwater inductor has detected precipitation, pass the signal along to and control and transmission system; Controlling with transmission system drives the upset cover plate to be rotated by controlling motor, the cover plate that will overturn covers on the dry deposition collection cylinder, controls with transmission system the positional information of the rainfall amount data of rain gage collection and current upset cover plate is sent to remote data processor by wireless communication mode simultaneously; When rainfall stops, controlling with transmission system and drive the upset cover plate to move on the wet deposition collection cylinder by controlling motor.
Specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) preparatory stage: before each the use, first dry deposition collection cylinder and wet deposition collection cylinder are rinsed well with tap water, then used deionized water rinsing, wherein the wet deposition collection cylinder must dry or fool dry before use;
(2) acquisition phase: detect by the rainwater inductor whether precipitation is arranged, if there is no precipitation, enter step (2-1), otherwise enter step (2-2);
(2-1) carry out the dry deposition sample collection, sample collector's periodic sampling;
(2-2) carry out the wet deposition sample collection, when rainfall starts, rain gage records the rainfall amount data, control and to control the upset cover plate with transmission system and move to dry deposition collection cylinder upper end, and rainfall amount data and overturn cover Board position information exchange are crossed to wireless communication mode send in real time remote data processor; When rainfall stops, control with transmission system control upset cover plate and move to wet deposition collection cylinder upper end, and current rainfall amount data and overturn cover Board position information are sent to remote data processor, remote data processor is notified the sample collector to go to collection in worksite or is processed the wet deposition sample;
(3), after the sample collector goes to collection in worksite to complete, get back to step (1).
Preferably, the dry deposition sample collection in described step (2-1) comprises that dry method is collected and wet method is collected, and wherein wet method is collected and adopted deionized water or local surface water body as collecting liquid.
Preferably, in described step (2-2), when the overturn cover Board position information received when remote data processor is incorrect, by long distance forced overturn cover plate overturn or restart the spot sampling device or at once personnel assigned go to on-the-spot mode to be keeped in repair.To remove fault.
Preferably, during wet deposition sample collection in described step (2-2), when rainfall stops, whether the rainfall amount data estimation wet deposition sample size that the staff receives according to remote data processor is more than setting limit value, if so, arrange the sample collector to go to observation site to carry out sample collection; If not, continuation gathers the rainfall in 24 hours until, more than reaching the setting limit value, if the wet deposition sample in 24 hours still can not reach the setting limit value, carry out waste treatment, arranges the sample collector to go to observation site again to clean the wet deposition collection cylinder standby.
The utility model compared with prior art, has following advantage and beneficial effect:
1, the utility model is by the wireless transmission of the data such as long-range rainfall data, separating dry space from moist space state and the system failure and information, can accurately grasp the situation at settlement observation scene and the duty of sample gathering apparatus, guarantee the atmosphere dried wet deposition sample collection and detected the quality of analyzing.
2, in the utility model, adopt accumulator as power supply, and can be charge in batteries by various ways such as AC power or solar panels, improved the atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dried wet deposition spot sampling equipment job stability under complex environment in the wild.
3, with existing atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dried wet deposition sampling thief, compare, the utility model has greatly reduced personnel and the technical need of sample collection and plant maintenance, also reduce the requirement to the field inspection environment, be more suitable for being applied to the atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dried wet deposition observation network construction of whole zone or Watershed Scale scope.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of spot sampling device in the utility model.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail, but embodiment of the present utility model is not limited to this.
The present embodiment has the atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dried wet deposition sampling system of radio communication function, comprise two spot sampling devices and a remote data processor, wherein spot sampling device be arranged on strand, Zhuhai City commercial center roof balcony (N22 ° 20 ' 39.9 "; E113 ° of 35 ' 19.9 "), another spot sampling device be arranged on Guangzhou Huanan Inst. of Environmental Sciences office roof balcony (N23 ° 7 ' 28.53 ", E113 ° of 21 ' 15.02 "); Remote data processor b be ground ring institute of Zhongshan University office machine (N23 ° 6 ' 10.09 ", E113 ° of 17 ' 40.93 ").Based on above-mentioned real system, specifically details are as follows.
In the described atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus of the present embodiment dried wet deposition sampling system, the spot sampling device comprises casing 1, is arranged on rainwater inductor 5, upset cover plate 3, leftward position sensor 2, right positions sensor 7, wet deposition collection cylinder 4 and the dry deposition collection cylinder 6 at casing top and the rain gage 10 that is arranged on the casing side.Be provided with accumulator 9, control and transmission system 11 and Worm type reducing motor 8 in casing 1.
Described dry deposition collection cylinder 6 and wet deposition collection cylinder 4 all are embedded in casing 1, are divided into two groups of left and right and are arranged side by side.Cylinder body adopts stainless steel to process.Described accumulator is charged by common AC power mode, also can adopt solar panels to be charged, adopt not only energy-conserving and environment-protective of solar panel charging, still can maintain the normal operation of spot sampling device in the time of can also be longer in the sampling interval time, make sampling thief in the wild the job stability under complex environment be improved.
In the present embodiment, controlling with transmission system 11 to adopt two single-chip microcomputers and the Mobile phone card of opening the GPRS function to realize.According to the function difference of operation, the different single-chip microcomputer of corresponding employing is controlled, and for example the first single-chip microcomputer is connected with motor with the rainwater inductor, Real-time Collection rainwater sensor data, once find that there is rainfall, drive motor running, motor drives the upset cover plate to be rotated.Second singlechip is connected with rain gage, position transducer, the two data of Real-time Collection, and the mode of this wireless transmission of Mobile phone card by opening the GPRS function sends to remote data processor by data.Here wireless transmission method can be changed according to practical application request, and modes such as CDMA of the prior art, 3G mobile card, wireless station, satellite communication all can be replaced use.
When carrying out sample collection and data transmission, dry deposition collection cylinder 6 and wet deposition collection cylinder 4 use tap water are cleaned up, and with deionized water rinsing 3 times, wherein wet deposition collection cylinder 4 is must roars of laughter dry.Because carrying out the wet method collection in dry deposition collection cylinder in the present embodiment, so add about 500mL deionized water as collecting liquid, be positioned over together the end face of casing 1 in the dry deposition collection cylinder.Without rain the time, upset cover plate 3 covers tightly wet deposition collection cylinder 4, by the dry deposition collection cylinder, gathers the dry deposition sample; When rainfall occurs, rain gage 10 records the rainfall amount data, rainwater inductor 5 is sent to the rainfall signal to control and transmission system 11, control with transmission system 11 and control the rotation of Worm type reducing motor, the cover plate 5 that makes to overturn moves and covers tightly dry deposition collection cylinder 6, by wet deposition collection cylinder 4, gathers the wet deposition sample; After rainfall stops, upset cover plate 3 re-moves to wet deposition collection cylinder 4 one sides, covers tightly the wet deposition collection cylinder.Whether the sampling thief duration of work, no matter rainfall occurs, and the positional information of the data of rain gage 10 records, overturn cover plate 3 trigger position sensors 2 or 7 all can transfer to remote data processor b by wireless communication mode through controlling with transmission system 11.
For sample collection and detection, analyze: field data and information that the staff receives according to remote data processor b are carried out task arrange.Rainfall stops, whether the staff (meets the requirement that water-quality guideline detects the analytic sample amount) according to rainfall amount data estimation wet deposition sample size more than 200mL, being greater than 200mL arranges the sample collector to go to observation site to carry out sample collection, otherwise continue to gather rainfall in 24 hours until more than reaching 200mL, if still can not meeting water-quality guideline, the wet deposition sample in 24 hours detects the sample size requirement of analyzing, carry out waste treatment, and it is standby again to clean the wet deposition collection cylinder; The dry deposition sample gathers once per month, regularly at the end of month, collects.If rain gage does not have data recording, upset cover plate 3 positional information mistakes, the staff can be by the manual request data, force the cover plate upset or restart the mode such as sampling thief and carry out Long-distance Control, and assign appropriate person to go to scene safeguarded or keep in repair according to the field failure situation.The standard method that the sedimentation sample adopts environmental protection department to recommend detects analysis, and water-quality guideline comprises the nitrogen phosphorus components such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, total nitrogen, phosphate and total phosphorus.
Carrying out data after sample collection processes and flux calculating, do not consider the contingent physics of liquid, chemistry and bioprocess in the sedimentation cylinder, according to receipts liquid measure, the rainfall amount of dry deposition and the sedimentation sample concentration gathered, adopt respectively formula (1)～(2) to calculate the moon flux of dry deposition and wet deposition.
S
D=CV/fA （1）
In formula, S
dand S
wbe respectively apparent dry deposition and the wet deposition moon flux, kg/ (km
2month);
The nitrogen phosphorus component concentration that C is of that month dry deposition sample, mg/L;
V is the interior remaining amount of liquid of sedimentation cylinder after the dry deposition sampling, L;
F is dry deposition sampling time conversion factor, i.e. actual samples hourage and the monthly average ratio of 730 hours;
The area that A is the dry deposition cylinder, m
2;
C
ifor the nitrogen phosphorus component concentration of of that month the i time wet deposition sample, mg/L;
R
irainfall amount while being the i time wet deposition sampling, mm;
R is the of that month total rainfall amount of wet deposition sampling, mm.
The data that gather according to the present embodiment, calculated respectively the atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dried wet deposition flux of two the observation erect-positions in Guangzhou City and strand, Zhuhai during 1～March in 2012, the results are shown in Table 1.The dry deposition flux mainly is subject to the impact of regional area discharge of pollutant sources, nitrogen in atmosphere mainly exists with the form of ammoniacal nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, Guangzhou Railway Station is due to the center that is positioned at the Pearl River Delta group of cities, be subject to the impact of inland agricultural sources ammonia volatilization and source, city discharged nitrous oxides comparatively remarkable, so the dry deposition flux of its ammoniacal nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen is obviously higher; Phosphorus in atmosphere be it is generally acknowledged the bioaerosol mainly produced from the volatilization of farmland phosphate fertilizer, feces of livestock and poultry release and sea surface bubble breaking, seashore and region memory are adjoined at aquaculture area in station, Zhuhai, so the dry deposition flux of its phosphate and total phosphorus is bright higher.Wet deposition flux and rainfall amount, rainfall cloud cluster long-distance transmissions, Rainfall simulator erosion effect etc. are closely related, in general, basic and the rainfall amount correlation of the wet deposition flux of nitrogen phosphorus, but the total nitrogen concentration in the Guangzhou Railway Station rainwater is slightly high, total phosphorus concentration is lower slightly, has embodied the souring of rainfall localized region atmosphere pollution.As can be seen here, observed result of the present utility model can reflect the influence factor of dried wet deposition and regional contamination characteristics exactly, shows that sample collection and analysis have good effect.
Table 1 Guangzhou City and strand, Zhuhai observation erect-position atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dried wet deposition 1～March in 2012 flux
Above-described embodiment is preferably embodiment of the utility model; but embodiment of the present utility model is not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under Spirit Essence of the present utility model and principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be equivalent substitute mode, within being included in protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (6)
1. the atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dried wet deposition sampling system that there is radio communication function, it is characterized in that, comprise several spot sampling devices and a remote data processor, the rain gage that each spot sampling device comprises casing, is arranged on the rainwater inductor at casing top, overturns cover plate, dry deposition collection cylinder, wet deposition collection cylinder and be placed in the casing side; Described spot sampling device also comprises control and transmission system, motor and accumulator, and described upset cover plate is connected with motor, and described control is connected with rainwater inductor, motor, rain gage respectively with transmission system, and accumulator is that above-mentioned each device is powered; Control and transmission system in described remote data processor and each spot sampling device communicate by the transmission of wireless signals mode.
2. the atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dried wet deposition sampling system with radio communication function according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described dry deposition collection cylinder and wet deposition collection cylinder cylinder mouth place also are provided with several position transducers for detection of the overturn cover Board position, and each position transducer is connected with transmission system with control respectively.
3. the atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dried wet deposition sampling system with radio communication function according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described dry deposition collection cylinder and wet deposition collection cylinder all are embedded in casing, is divided into two groups of left and right and is arranged side by side.
4. the atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dried wet deposition sampling system with radio communication function according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, describedly by the transmission of wireless signals mode, communicate the public wireless data communication service of referring to, comprise GPRS, CDMA, 3G mobile card, wireless station, satellite communication.
5. the atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dried wet deposition sampling system with radio communication function according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described accumulator is charged by AC power or solar panels.
6. the atmospheric nitrogen phosphorus dried wet deposition sampling system with radio communication function according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described motor is the Worm type reducing motor.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103398877A (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-11-20 | 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所 | Atmosphere nitrogen-phosphorus dry and wet deposition and sampling system with wireless communication function and atmosphere nitrogen-phosphorus dry and wet deposition and sampling method |
| CN104165782A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-11-26 | 上海应用技术学院 | Atmospheric dry deposition nitrogen sample collector on water |
| CN104181013A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2014-12-03 | 四川农业大学 | Atmospheric dry deposition simple collection device |
| CN111289410A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-16 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | High-frequency double-tube dynamic measurement device and method for dry settling flux of atmospheric particulate matters |
| CN116499814A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-07-28 | 中国农业大学 | Intelligent atmospheric wet sedimentation sampling device |
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2013
- 2013-07-24 CN CN201320445035.7U patent/CN203376188U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103398877A (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-11-20 | 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所 | Atmosphere nitrogen-phosphorus dry and wet deposition and sampling system with wireless communication function and atmosphere nitrogen-phosphorus dry and wet deposition and sampling method |
| CN104165782A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-11-26 | 上海应用技术学院 | Atmospheric dry deposition nitrogen sample collector on water |
| CN104181013A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2014-12-03 | 四川农业大学 | Atmospheric dry deposition simple collection device |
| CN111289410A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-16 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | High-frequency double-tube dynamic measurement device and method for dry settling flux of atmospheric particulate matters |
| CN116499814A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-07-28 | 中国农业大学 | Intelligent atmospheric wet sedimentation sampling device |
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