CN203313091U - Shaft-end overhung piezoelectric cantilever beam electric generator - Google Patents
Shaft-end overhung piezoelectric cantilever beam electric generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN203313091U CN203313091U CN2013203135514U CN201320313551U CN203313091U CN 203313091 U CN203313091 U CN 203313091U CN 2013203135514 U CN2013203135514 U CN 2013203135514U CN 201320313551 U CN201320313551 U CN 201320313551U CN 203313091 U CN203313091 U CN 203313091U
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- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
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- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a shaft-end overhung piezoelectric cantilever beam electric generator, and belongs to the technical fields of new energy and power generation. A left end cover and a right end cover are respectively installed at two ends of a shell body through screws. A semi-annular balancing weight is installed on the lower side of the interior of the shell body through a screw. The upper portion of the left end cover and the upper portion of the right end cover are respectively provided with a lightening hole. A magnet I and a bearing are embedded in the inner side of the bottom wall of the left end cover. A magnet I and a bearing are also embedded in the inner side of bottom wall of the right end cover. A piezoelectric vibrator is arranged between the left end cover and the shell body in a compression joint mode, and a piezoelectric vibrator is also arranged between the right end cover and the shell body in a compression joint mode. A magnet II and a frequency-modulation mass block are installed at the free end of each piezoelectric vibrator. A rotating shaft of a rotor is installed on the left end cover and the right end cover through bearings. A connecting disc is installed at one end of the rotating shaft through a nut. A magnet III is embedded in a rotating disc of the rotor. The shaft-end overhung piezoelectric cantilever beam electric generator has the advantages that the piezoelectric vibrators are motivated for electric generation, and external fixing and supporting are not needed; the electric generator is an integrated type independent component, so that the structure of a rotating body does not need to be changed, and the electric generator is convenient to install and maintain; and the electric generator is high in reliability, strong in power generation capacity, and wide in velocity band.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to new forms of energy and technical field of power generation, is specifically related to a kind of axle head hanging type piezoelectric cantilever generator, powers for the health monitoring systems without the fixed support rotary body.
Background technology
For meeting helicopter screw propeller/automobile tire/aero-engine/bullet train/oil gas, bore the health monitoring systems power demands of the rotary body such as main shaft and bearing assembly thereof, Chinese scholars has proposed rotary piezoelectricity and the electromagnetic type microminiature generator of various ways.Comparatively speaking, the rotary electric magnetic generator is very ripe and be widely used, but because of it, can produce electromagnetic interference in power generation process is unsuitable for as the power supply of wireless sensing monitoring system, in addition, electromagnetic generator needs mover and stator to do that relative motion and moving/stator dimensions is suitable, therefore complex structure, volume are large, can't or inconvenience for some need to generator and rotary body is mutually integrated small and tele-control system, especially be unsuitable for the occasion without fixed support such as automobile tire, cantilever main shaft.By comparison, the sheet type piezoelectric vibrator because of simple in structure, volume is little and can be integrated with rotary body, therefore be considered to, constructs the effective ways of microminiature rotary generator.
According to energisation mode, early stage rotary piezoelectric generator mainly comprises 3 large classes: (i) inertia-powered formula, utilize the variation that is subjected to force direction in the piezoelectric vibrator rotation process to make its flexural deformation, the method is simple in structure, but only being suitable for low speed (especially during even high speed rotating, can't produce double-deformation alternately because centrifugal force is excessive at a high speed) and rotary state cataclysm will make piezoelectric vibrator damage because stressed/deformed is excessive; (ii) dial type, utilize rotating mechanism to stir piezoelectric vibrator, needs the two to relatively rotate, and while being unsuitable for automobile tire etc. without the occasion of fixed support and high speed, impact/noise is larger; (iii) impacting type, utilize the steel ball that rotation is fallen to clash into piezoelectric vibrator, and the method also is only applicable to the occasion that rotating speed is lower and has greater impact/noise and possible shock damage.Obviously, above-mentioned along rotary body direction of rotation excitation, namely circumferentially encourage the method for piezoelectric vibrator generating to become the technical bottleneck of its practical application of restriction, be unsuitable at a high speed, at the uniform velocity, and the limited occasion of usage space/structure.Therefore, people have proposed again the New Rotary piezoelectric generator based on the magnetic couple excitation, as Chinese patent 201210319215.0, 201210320165.8, 201210318782.4, 201210318930.2 etc., have without impacting and noise, the advantages such as rotating speed is adaptable, but must be by the effective excitation that realizes piezoelectric vibrator that relatively rotates between bearing pedestal or bearing cap etc. " fixture " and axle class " rotary body " during the work of these generators, therefore can't be for the rotary body power generation needs of " without fixed support ", blade as rotation wind driven generator, automobile tire, and all kinds of overhanging cantilever-rotating axles etc.
In addition, the piezoelectric vibrator that existing beam type rotary piezoelectric generator adopts be wait width and its stiff end diameter be less than the free-ended diameter that magnet is installed, drawback is: during piezoelectric vibrator flexural deformation, Root Stress is large, easily causes the piezoelectric vibrator damage; One timing of generator radial direction yardstick, a little less than little, the overall generating capacity of the area of piezoelectric vibrator; While adopting a plurality of piezoelectric vibrator, each piezoelectric vibrator free end quality equates, only when some specific rotation speeds, resonates, and the rotating speed adaptive capacity is low; Most critical be that during high rotating speed, magnet centrifugal force can make that the axial vibration displacement of piezoelectric vibrator reduces, friction even, therefore generating efficiency is low.
Summary of the invention
The utility model provides a kind of axle head hanging type piezoelectric cantilever generator, for screw, automotive wheel, cantilevered axle etc., revolve without fixed support or the strong point from the health monitoring systems power demands of the distant rotary body of axle head, low to solve the existing existing rotating speed adaptive capacity of rotary piezoelectric generator, during high rotating speed, magnet centrifugal force can make that the axial vibration displacement of piezoelectric vibrator reduces, friction even, the problem that generating efficiency is low.
The technical scheme that the utility model is taked is: left end cap and right end cap are arranged on respectively the two ends of housing by screw, the inner lower of described housing is equipped with the semi-circular balancing weight by screw; The top of described left end cap and right end cap is respectively equipped with lightening hole one and lightening hole two, and the inside bottom wall of described left end cap and right end cap all is inlaid with circular magnet one and bearing; Between described left end cap and right end cap and housing, all be crimped with metal substrate, described metal substrate forms fan-shaped piezoelectric vibrator with the piezoelectric chip that is bonded in its side, the free end of described piezoelectric vibrator is equipped with circular magnet two and frequency modulation gauge block by screw, the rotating shaft of rotor is arranged on left end cap and right end cap by bearing, and an end of described rotating shaft is equipped with terminal pad by nut; On the rotating disk of described rotor, be inlaid with circular magnet three; The radius r of described magnet one, magnet two and magnet three equates, described each magnetic blow out centre equates apart from the distance R of spindle central, and on the rotating disk circumferencial direction, the angle between two adjacent magnet three centers and spindle central line is Q
0=4arcsin (r/R), wherein r, R are respectively the radius of described magnet three and center thereof to the distance between spindle central; Between described axially adjacent magnet two and magnet one and the like pole between magnet two and magnet three near installation; The center line of described magnet one, mass and magnet two overlaps; The quality that is positioned at the mass that magnet three piezoelectric vibrator Shang De centers, the left and right sides overlap equates, the quality that is positioned at each mass on magnet three the same side piezoelectric vibrators is unequal mutually, the group of the group of magnet three and mass quality sum maximum and magnet three and mass quality sum minimum is adjacent, and the difference of the quality sum of all the other adjacent two magnet three and mass group equates.
Magnet three described in the utility model and mass quality sum maximum be:
Magnet three and mass quality sum minimum be:
The difference of adjacent two magnet three and mass quality sum is:
Wherein, n
HighAnd n
LowBe respectively the highest and minimum speed, n
0For the group number of the uniform magnet of circumferencial direction on rotating disk and mass, K is the rigidity of piezoelectric vibrator.
The gravity G of balancing weight described in the utility model should meet:
η wherein
nFor being arranged on magnet two quantity and the greatest common divisor that is arranged on magnet three quantity on rotating disk on balancing weight one side pressure electric tachometer indicator, Q<150 ° are the central angle of semi-circular balancing weight, F
yFor between magnet three and magnet two, producing maximum repulsive force in the circumferential direction of the circle, R is the distance that spindle central is arrived at magnet three and magnet two centers, R
GFor the distance of balancing weight barycenter to spindle central.
The utility model advantage is novel structure, (1) utilize balancing weight inertia force make piezoelectric vibrator and end magnet thereof one keep relatively static and and the magnet two with dial rotation between produce relative rotation, the generating of excitation piezoelectric vibrator, without extraneous fixed support; (2) generator is the integrated form individual components, without changing rotation body structure, being convenient to I&M; 3) it is relatively low that fan-shaped piezoelectric vibrator deflection is subject to restriction and the stiff end stress of both sides magnet, therefore reliability is high; While 4) adopting fan-shaped piezoelectric vibrator in the transverse cross cross section more than the twice of the width cantilever beams such as effective area of piezoelectric vibrator and the stress distribution of piezoelectric vibrator length direction even, therefore generating capacity is strong; 5) on same cross section inner periphery direction, each piezoelectric vibrator end magnet quality does not wait, and effective speed belt of generator is wide; 6) adopt two groups of axial balanced configurations of piezoelectric vibrator, its vibration force is cancelled out each other, and can not pass to rotary body; 7) adopt fan-shaped piezoelectric vibrator and large end fixing, the radius of gyration of its end magnet and mass is little and centrifugal force is little, little to piezoelectric vibrator axial bending deformation effect, can realize the effective generating under high rotating speed.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the section of structure of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) in preferred embodiment of the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the A-A view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the I section enlarged drawing of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the layout type of fan-shaped piezoelectric vibrator in the utility model;
Fig. 5 is the schematic layout pattern of conventional electric generators medium-width cantilever beam type piezoelectric vibrator;
Fig. 6 is the asynchronous voltage of piezoelectric vibrator end oeverall quality-rotation speed characteristic comparison diagram.
Embodiment
Left end cap 3 and right end cap 1 are arranged on respectively the two ends of housing 2 by screw, the inner lower of described housing 2 is equipped with semi-circular balancing weight 10 by screw; The top of described left end cap 3 and right end cap 1 is respectively equipped with lightening hole 1 and lightening hole 2 101, and the inside bottom wall of described left end cap 3 and right end cap 1 all is inlaid with circular magnet 1 and bearing 7; Between described left end cap 3 and right end cap 1 and housing 2, all be crimped with metal substrate 401, described metal substrate 401 forms fan-shaped piezoelectric vibrator 4 with the piezoelectric chip 402 that is bonded in its side, the free end of described piezoelectric vibrator 4 is equipped with circular magnet 25 and frequency modulation gauge block 6 by screw, the rotating shaft 801 of rotor 8 is arranged on left end cap 3 and right end cap 1 by bearing 7, and an end of described rotating shaft 801 is equipped with terminal pad 12 by nut 13; On the rotating disk 802 of described rotor 8, be inlaid with circular magnet 39; The radius r of described magnet 1, magnet 25 and magnet 39 equates, described each magnetic blow out centre equates apart from the distance R at rotating shaft 801 centers, and on rotating disk 802 circumferencial directions, the angle between two adjacent magnet 39 centers and rotating shaft 801 lines of centres is Q
0=4arcsin (r/R), wherein r, R are respectively the radius of described magnet 39 and center thereof in the heart distance in rotating shaft 801; Between described axially adjacent magnet 25 and magnet 1 and the like pole between magnet 25 and magnet 39 near installation; The center line of described magnet 1, mass 6 and magnet 25 overlaps; The quality that is positioned at the mass 6 that magnet 39 left and right sides piezoelectric vibrator 4 Shang De centers overlap equates, the quality that is positioned at each mass 6 on magnet 39 the same side piezoelectric vibrators 4 is unequal mutually, the group of the group of magnet three and mass 6 quality sum maximums and magnet three and mass 6 quality sum minimums is adjacent, and the difference of the quality sum of all the other adjacent two magnet three and mass group equates.
Wherein magnet three and mass 6 quality sum maximums is:
Magnet three and mass 6 quality sum minimums be:
The difference of adjacent two magnet three and mass 6 quality sums is:
Wherein, n
HighAnd n
LowBe respectively the highest and minimum speed, n
0For the group number of the uniform magnet of circumferencial direction on rotating disk and mass, K is the rigidity of piezoelectric vibrator.
The gravity G of described balancing weight should meet:
η wherein
nFor being arranged on magnet two quantity and the greatest common divisor that is arranged on magnet three quantity on rotating disk on balancing weight one side pressure electric tachometer indicator, Q<150 ° are the central angle of semi-circular balancing weight, F
yFor between magnet three and magnet two, producing maximum repulsive force in the circumferential direction of the circle, R is the distance that spindle central is arrived at magnet three and magnet two centers, R
GFor the distance of balancing weight barycenter to spindle central.
In the course of work, terminal pad 12 rotates with described rotary body 14 by end the rotor driven 8 that screw is arranged on rotary body 14.When magnet 39 is underlapped in a circumferential direction near magnet 25 and described two magnet in a circumferential direction, between magnet 39 and magnet 25, produce repulsive force F in the circumferential direction of the circle
yThereby, produce the driving torque M that magnet 25 is rotated along rotating shaft 801
y, when magnet 39 and magnet 25 driving moment maximum when circumferencial direction " tangent ", be M
y=RF
y, wherein R is the distance of the center of magnet 39 and magnet 25 to rotating shaft 801 centers; Because housing 2 downsides are equipped with balancing weight 10, when balancing weight 10 because being subjected to driving torque M
yEffect turns over certain angle Q
1The time, the gravity G of balancing weight 10 produces a reverse brake torque M
G=GR
GCosQ
1, R wherein
GFor the distance of balancing weight 10 barycenter to rotating shaft 801 centers.
For the barycenter of guaranteeing balancing weight 10 in the generator course of work, be in all the time the below at rotating shaft 801 centers, should make to work as balancing weight 10 corners is Q
1Between=(180-Q)/2 o'clock each magnet 39 and magnet 25, the driving torque sum is less than or equal to brake torque, namely
The gravity that obtains thus balancing weight 10 should meet:
η wherein
nFor being arranged on the quantity n of the magnet 25 on balancing weight 10 1 side pressure electric tachometer indicators 4
aWith the quantity n that is arranged on the magnet 39 on rotating disk 802
bGreatest common divisor, Q<150 ° are the central angle of semi-circular balancing weight 10.
When balancing weight 10 does not rotate with rotor 8, piezoelectric vibrator 4 and end magnet 25 thereof and being placed between the magnet 39 on rotating disk 802 produces relative rotation, and the overlapping area that changes magnet 25 and magnet 39 also makes active force between them according to ascending, descending rule variation again; Piezoelectric vibrator 4 is subjected to the alternately used time of doing of variable magnetic force namely produce reciprocal axial bending distortion and convert mechanical energy to electric energy.
In the above-mentioned course of work of generator, magnet 39 provides and makes magnet 25 produce the exciting force of axial vibration, and magnet 1 provides the restoring force of magnet 25 and limits its vibration displacement in order to avoid collision mutually.For making between magnet 25 and magnet 1 and magnet 39 to produce the two-way function power alternately changed, in the utility model, magnet 25 should not overlap simultaneously with two adjacent magnet 39 on rotating disk 802 circumference, be another " incision " when on rotating disk 802 circumferencial directions, in two adjacent magnet 39 " cuts out " with magnet 25, namely existing and making overlapping area between magnet 25 and magnet 39 is moment of 0, therefore on rotating disk 802 circumferencial directions, the angle between two adjacent magnet 39 centers and rotating shaft 801 lines of centres should be Q
0=4arcsin (r/R), wherein r, R are respectively the radius of described magnet 39 and center thereof in the heart distance in rotating shaft 801.
It is fan-shaped in the utility model, adopting piezoelectric vibrator 4, and the width of stiff end is greater than free-ended width.According to mechanics of materials knowledge, the stress distribution that the stress distribution ratio on fan-shaped piezoelectric vibrator length direction waits the width cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrators evenly and the maximum stress less of stiff end, thereby improve intensity and the reliability of generator; Simultaneously, while adopting fan-shaped piezoelectric vibrator, the ξ when in the generator cross section, the effective area of piezoelectric vibrator waits the width cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrators for employing=(R
d/ r
x+ 1)/2 times, R wherein
dAnd r
xBe respectively the rear large radius of piezoelectric vibrator of assembling and minor radius, as R
d/ r
x=5 ξ=3; Therefore in the situation that the suffered mean stress of piezoelectric vibrator equate, the energy output of fan-shaped cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrators is the ξ that waits the width cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrators=(R
d/ r
x+ 1)/2 times; In addition, while adopting fan-shaped piezoelectric vibrator, the radius of gyration of its end magnet is little, therefore centrifugal force self and little on the impact of magnet axial motion can be realized the effective generating under high rotating speed.
In the utility model, the quality that is positioned at the mass 6 that magnet 39 left and right sides piezoelectric vibrator 4 Shang De centers overlap equates, therefore be arranged in the mass 6 of magnet 39 both sides piezoelectric vibrators and end thereof and axial force that magnet 25 vibration processes produce and cancel out each other, can not be delivered on rotary body by rotating shaft 801; In addition, the quality that is positioned at each mass 6 on magnet 39 the same side piezoelectric vibrators 4 is unequal mutually, according to the vibration theory, in the situation that other parameter is determined, the quality that changes piezoelectric vibrator 4 end mass pieces 6 can change the natural frequency of piezoelectric vibrator 4, even it produces the rotating speed of peak swing and voltage.Therefore, in the utility model, on same cross section, the quality of the mass 6 of piezoelectric vibrator 4 ends is mutual can effectively improve the speed belt width of generator when unequal, thereby piezoelectric generator can effectively be generated electricity in the larger range of speeds.
Fig. 6 provides is the voltage-rotation speed characteristic of mass quality piezoelectric vibrator 4 while not waiting, and wherein the correlation between each mass quality is M
1M
2M
3M
4.Obviously, the output voltage characteristic curve difference of piezoelectric vibrator 4 when the quality of end mass piece 6 is different, the corresponding a plurality of optimum speeds of each mass make the output voltage maximum of piezoelectric vibrator 4, and each optimum speed reduces with the increase of mass quality.Therefore, adopt the generator of the piezoelectric vibrator structure that a plurality of end mass piece quality are different to have wider speed belt.
Claims (3)
1. axle head hanging type piezoelectric cantilever generator, it is characterized in that: left end cap and right end cap are arranged on respectively the two ends of housing by screw, the inner lower of described housing is equipped with the semi-circular balancing weight by screw; The top of described left end cap and right end cap is respectively equipped with lightening hole one and lightening hole two, and the inside bottom wall of described left end cap and right end cap all is inlaid with circular magnet one and bearing; Between described left end cap and right end cap and housing, all be crimped with metal substrate, described metal substrate forms fan-shaped piezoelectric vibrator with the piezoelectric chip that is bonded in its side, the free end of described piezoelectric vibrator is equipped with circular magnet two and frequency modulation gauge block by screw, the rotating shaft of rotor is arranged on left end cap and right end cap by bearing, and an end of described rotating shaft is equipped with terminal pad by nut; On the rotating disk of described rotor, be inlaid with circular magnet three; The radius r of described magnet one, magnet two and magnet three equates, described each magnetic blow out centre equates apart from the distance R of spindle central, and on the rotating disk circumferencial direction, the angle between two adjacent magnet three centers and spindle central line is Q
0=4arcsin (r/R), wherein r, R are respectively the radius of described magnet three and center thereof to the distance between spindle central; Between described axially adjacent magnet two and magnet one and the like pole between magnet two and magnet three near installation; The center line of described magnet one, mass and magnet two overlaps; The quality that is positioned at the mass that magnet three piezoelectric vibrator Shang De centers, the left and right sides overlap equates, the quality that is positioned at each mass on magnet three the same side piezoelectric vibrators is unequal mutually, the group of the group of magnet three and mass quality sum maximum and magnet three and mass quality sum minimum is adjacent, and the difference of the quality sum of all the other adjacent two magnet three and mass group equates.
2. a kind of axle head hanging type piezoelectric cantilever generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the gravity G of described balancing weight should meet:
η wherein
nFor being arranged on magnet two quantity and the greatest common divisor that is arranged on magnet three quantity on rotating disk on balancing weight one side pressure electric tachometer indicator, Q<150 ° are the central angle of semi-circular balancing weight, F
yFor between magnet three and magnet two, producing maximum repulsive force in the circumferential direction of the circle, R is the distance that spindle central is arrived at magnet three and magnet two centers, R
GFor the distance of balancing weight barycenter to spindle central.
3. a kind of axle head hanging type piezoelectric cantilever generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described magnet three and mass quality sum maximum be:
Magnet three and mass quality sum minimum be:
The difference of adjacent two magnet three and mass quality sum is:
Wherein, n
HighAnd n
LowBe respectively the highest and minimum speed, n
0For the group number of the uniform magnet of circumferencial direction on rotating disk and mass, K is the rigidity of piezoelectric vibrator.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013203135514U CN203313091U (en) | 2013-05-31 | 2013-05-31 | Shaft-end overhung piezoelectric cantilever beam electric generator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013203135514U CN203313091U (en) | 2013-05-31 | 2013-05-31 | Shaft-end overhung piezoelectric cantilever beam electric generator |
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| CN203313091U true CN203313091U (en) | 2013-11-27 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103259452A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-08-21 | 浙江师范大学 | Shaft-end overhung piezoelectric cantilever beam electric generator |
| CN104393787A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-03-04 | 厦门大学 | Rotary piezoelectric cantilever energy harvester |
| CN107769613A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-06 | 长春工业大学 | A kind of rotary magnetic force multi-modal based on monostable stirs piezoelectric harvester |
-
2013
- 2013-05-31 CN CN2013203135514U patent/CN203313091U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103259452A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-08-21 | 浙江师范大学 | Shaft-end overhung piezoelectric cantilever beam electric generator |
| CN104393787A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-03-04 | 厦门大学 | Rotary piezoelectric cantilever energy harvester |
| CN104393787B (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2017-05-10 | 厦门大学 | Rotary piezoelectric cantilever energy harvester |
| CN107769613A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-06 | 长春工业大学 | A kind of rotary magnetic force multi-modal based on monostable stirs piezoelectric harvester |
| CN107769613B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-08-27 | 长春工业大学 | A kind of rotary magnetic force multi-modal based on monostable-stirs piezoelectric harvester |
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Granted publication date: 20131127 Effective date of abandoning: 20150610 |
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