CN103269180B - Based on the hanging type rotary generator that circular piezoelectric vibrator swashs mutually - Google Patents
Based on the hanging type rotary generator that circular piezoelectric vibrator swashs mutually Download PDFInfo
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- CN103269180B CN103269180B CN201310215375.5A CN201310215375A CN103269180B CN 103269180 B CN103269180 B CN 103269180B CN 201310215375 A CN201310215375 A CN 201310215375A CN 103269180 B CN103269180 B CN 103269180B
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- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of hanging type rotary generator swashed mutually based on circular piezoelectric vibrator, belong to new forms of energy and technical field of power generation.End cap and balancing weight are arranged in main body, end cap and main body stud with bearing, is provided with rotating shaft in bearing inner race, rotating shaft are fixed with terminal pad, are provided with ring flange; End cap, main body and flange are equipped with piezoelectric vibrator, piezoelectric vibrator is fixed with magnet; Two brush inner rings are fixed in rotating shaft, outer ring is separately fixed at end cap and in main body.Advantage utilizes balancing weight to construct stator, by being placed in stator and epitrochanterian piezoelectric vibrator excites electricity mutually, large without the need to extraneous fixed support, energy output; Generator is individual components, without the need to changing rotation body structure, being convenient to I&M; Without obvious formant in work, therefore reliability is high, voltage fluctuation is little, effective band is wide.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to new forms of energy and technical field of power generation, being specifically related to a kind of hanging type rotary generator swashed mutually based on circular piezoelectric vibrator, for powering without the health monitoring systems of fixed support rotary body.
Background technology
Bore the health monitoring systems power demands of the rotary bodies such as main shaft and bearing assembly thereof for meeting helicopter screw propeller/automobile tire/aero-engine/bullet train/oil gas, Chinese scholars has proposed rotary piezoelectric and the electromagnetic type microminiature generator of various ways.Comparatively speaking, rotary electric magnetic generator is very ripe and be widely used, but be unsuitable for powering for wireless sensing monitoring system because it can produce electromagnetic interference in power generation process, in addition, electromagnetic generator needs mover and stator to do relative motion and dynamic/and stator dimensions is suitable, therefore complex structure, volume are large, cannot or inconvenience be used for some need, by small and tele-control system mutually integrated to generator and rotary body, to be especially unsuitable for the occasion without fixed support such as automobile tire, cantilever main shaft.By comparison, sheet type piezoelectric vibrator because structure is simple, volume is little and can be integrated with rotary body, therefore is considered to the effective ways constructing microminiature rotary generator.
According to energisation mode, early stage rotary piezoelectric generator mainly comprises 3 large classes: (i) inertia-powered formula, the change of Impact direction in piezoelectric vibrator rotation process is utilized to make its flexural deformation, the method structure is simple, but be only suitable for low speed (at a high speed, especially even high speed rotating time, double-deformation alternately cannot be produced because centrifugal force is excessive) and rotary state cataclysm will make piezoelectric vibrator damage because stressed/deformed is excessive; (ii) dial type, utilizes rotating mechanism to stir piezoelectric vibrator, relatively rotates both needing, be unsuitable for automobile tire etc. without the occasion of fixed support and high speed time impact/noise larger; (iii) impacting type, utilizes the steel ball of rotational fall to clash into piezoelectric vibrator, and the method is also only applicable to the lower occasion of rotating speed and there is greater impact/noise and the damage of possible shock.Obviously, above-mentioned along the excitation of rotary body direction of rotation, i.e. the method for circumference excitation piezoelectric vibrator generating has become the technical bottleneck of its practical application of restriction, is unsuitable at a high speed, at the uniform velocity and the occasion of usage space/structure constraint.Therefore, people also been proposed the New Rotary piezoelectric generator based on magnetic couple excitation, as Chinese patent 201210319215.0, 201210320165.8, 201210318782.4, 201210318930.2 etc., have without impacting and noise, the advantages such as rotating speed is adaptable, but effective excitation that relatively rotating between bearing pedestal or bearing cap etc. " fixture " and axle class " rotary body " realizes piezoelectric vibrator must be passed through during these generator operation, therefore the rotary body power generation needs of " without fixed support " cannot be used for, as the blade of rotation wind driven generator, automobile tire, and all kinds of overhanging cantilever-rotating axle etc., meanwhile, above-mentioned rotary piezoelectric generator only installs piezoelectric vibrator on " fixture " or " rotary body ", and fail to make full use of the axial space of generator, the volume energy density of generator is low.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of hanging type rotary generator swashed mutually based on circular piezoelectric vibrator, for screw/automotive wheel, cantilevered axle etc. without fixed support or the strong point health monitoring systems power demands from the distant rotary body of axle head, to solve the axial space that failing existing for existing rotary piezoelectric generator makes full use of generator, the problem that the volume energy density of generator is low, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is: end cap is arranged on main body wall end by screw, is provided with balancing weight on the downside of described body exterior by screw; Described end cap and main body inside bottom wall are equipped with counterbore, are inlaid with bearing; Be provided with the rotating shaft of rotor in described bearing inner race, one end that described rotating shaft is provided with metallic channel is fixed with terminal pad by nut; Described rotating shaft is provided with ring flange, and ring flange is provided with wire guide, and ring flange both sides are respectively equipped with counterbore; The ring flange both sides of end cap and main body inside bottom wall and rotor are fixed with endless metal substrate respectively by screw, and the described metal substrate circular piezoelectric wafer bonding with its side forms circular piezoelectric vibrator; The center being positioned at the piezoelectric vibrator in end cap and main body is provided with magnet one by screw, the center being positioned at the piezoelectric vibrator on flange is provided with magnet two by screw, like pole between the described magnet one that each axis is adjacent and magnet two and two magnet two is near installing, and described magnet one is equal to the distance of spindle central with magnet two; The inner ring of two brushes is fixed by screws in rotating shaft, and in two brushes, the outer ring of a brush is fixed by screws in the inner side of end cap, and the outer ring of another brush is fixed by screws in the inside bottom wall of housing; The piezoelectric vibrator be positioned at inside end cap and shell bottom wall be connected with brush outer ring by wire group one, the be positioned at piezoelectric vibrator of ring flange both sides is connected with brush inner ring by wire group two; The inner ring of described two brushes is connected with the wire column group be positioned on terminal pad through wire group four after wire group three is connected again, and wire group four passes through the metallic channel be positioned in rotating shaft.
The gravity of balancing weight of the present invention should meet:
wherein G is the gravity of balancing weight, η
nfor the greatest common divisor of magnet two quantity and magnet one quantity, Q is the central angle of balancing weight, and Q<150 °, F
yfor producing maximum repulsive force along the circumferential direction between magnet two and magnet one, R is magnet two and the magnet one center distance to spindle central, R
gfor balancing weight barycenter is to the distance of spindle central.
The magnetic moment of magnet one and magnet two should meet
wherein m
1and m
2be respectively the magnetic moment of magnet one and magnet two, l is axial distance between magnet one and magnet two, and L is axial distance between two magnet two.
Advantage of the present invention is novel structure, and (1) utilizes balancing weight to construct stator, makes be arranged on phase mutual excitation between stator and epitrochanterian piezoelectric vibrator and generate electricity, large without the need to extraneous fixed support, energy output; (2) generator is integrated form individual components, without the need to changing rotation body structure, being convenient to I&M; (3) circular piezoelectric vibrator intensity and natural frequency high, without obvious formant in work, thus reliability is high, output voltage fluctuation little, effective band is wide; (4) the axial balanced configuration of piezoelectric vibrator, its axial vibration power belongs to internal force and cancels out each other, on rotary body without impact.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the section of structure of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the I portion enlarged drawing of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the A-A view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of piezoelectric vibrator;
Fig. 5 is Fig. 4 cutaway view.
Embodiment
End cap 2 is arranged on the end of main body 1 sidewall 101 by screw, and the outer lower side of described main body 1 is provided with balancing weight 8 by screw; Be respectively equipped with counterbore 201 and 103 inside the diapire 102 of described end cap 2 and main body 1, be also inlaid with bearing 5 respectively; Be provided with the rotating shaft 701 of rotor 7 in the inner ring of described bearing 5, one end that described rotating shaft 701 is provided with metallic channel 705 is fixed with terminal pad 10 by nut 9; Described rotating shaft 701 is provided with ring flange 702, and ring flange 702 is provided with wire guide 703, and ring flange 702 both sides are respectively equipped with counterbore 704; Inside the diapire 102 of end cap 2 and the main body 1 and both sides of the ring flange 702 of rotor 7 are fixed with endless metal substrate 301 respectively by screw, and each metal substrate 301 described circular piezoelectric wafer 302 bonding with its side forms circular piezoelectric vibrator 3; The center being positioned at the piezoelectric vibrator 3 in end cap 2 and main body 1 is provided with magnet 1 by screw, the center being positioned at the piezoelectric vibrator 3 on flange 702 is provided with magnet 2 13 by screw, like pole between the magnet 1 that described each axis is adjacent and magnet 2 13 and two magnet 2 13 is near installing, and described magnet 1 is equal to the distance at rotating shaft 701 center with magnet 2 13; Inside the diapire 102 that inner ring is fixed by screws in rotating shaft 701, outer ring is fixed by screws in end cap 2 and main body 1 of two brushes 6; Piezoelectric vibrator 3 inside the diapire 102 being positioned at end cap 2 and main body 1 be connected with the outer ring of brush 6 by wire group 1, the be positioned at piezoelectric vibrator 3 of ring flange 702 both sides is connected by the inner ring of wire group 2 15 with brush 6; The inner ring of described two brushes 6 is connected with the wire column group 12 be positioned on terminal pad 10 through wire group 4 17 after wire group 3 16 is connected again, and wire group 4 17 passes through the metallic channel 705 be positioned in rotating shaft 701.
The gravity of balancing weight of the present invention should meet:
wherein η
nfor the greatest common divisor of magnet two quantity and magnet one quantity, Q<150 ° is the central angle of balancing weight, F
yfor producing maximum repulsive force along the circumferential direction between magnet two and magnet one, R is magnet two and the magnet one center distance to spindle central, R
gfor balancing weight barycenter is to the distance of spindle central.
Magnet one and magnet two should meet
wherein m
1and m
2be respectively the magnetic moment of magnet one and magnet two, l is axial distance between magnet one and magnet two, and L is axial distance between two magnet two, μ
0for permeability of vacuum.
In the course of work, terminal pad 10 is arranged on the end of rotary body 11 by screw and drives ring flange 702 and the magnet 2 13 be arranged on ring flange 702 rotates with rotary body II.When magnet 2 13 in a circumferential direction near magnet 1 and described two magnet are underlapped in a circumferential direction time, produce repulsive force F along the circumferential direction between magnet 2 13 and magnet 1
y, thus produce the driving torque M that magnet 1 is rotated along rotating shaft 701
y, when magnet 2 13 and magnet 1 driving moment when circumferencial direction " tangent " is maximum, be M
y=RF
y, wherein R is the distance of center to rotating shaft 701 center of magnet 2 13 and magnet 1; Because the outer lower side of main body in the present invention 1 is provided with balancing weight 8 by screw, when balancing weight 8 is because being subject to driving torque M
yeffect turns over certain angle Q
1time, the gravity G of balancing weight 8 produces a reverse brake torque M
g=GR
gcosQ
1, wherein R
gfor balancing weight 8 barycenter is to the distance at rotating shaft 701 center.
For guaranteeing that the barycenter of balancing weight 8 in generator operation process is in the below at rotating shaft 701 center all the time, should make when balancing weight 8 corner is Q
1during=(180-Q)/2, between each magnet 2 13 and magnet 1, driving torque sum is less than or equal to brake torque, namely
the gravity obtaining balancing weight 8 thus should meet:
wherein η
nfor magnet 2 13 quantity n
awith magnet 1 quantity n
bgreatest common divisor, Q<150 ° is the central angle of balancing weight 8.
When main body 1 is not rotated with rotor 7 because of the effect of balancing weight 8, magnet 1 on end cap 2 and main body 1 and producing relative rotation between the magnet 2 13 being arranged on ring flange 702, thus make each piezoelectric vibrator 3 at its place produce axial bending vibration and convert mechanical energy to electric energy.According to electromagnetic theory, the axial repulsive force between two axial adjacent magnets 1 and magnet 2 13 and between two adjacent magnets 2 13 is respectively
with
wherein m
1and m
2be respectively the magnetic moment of magnet 1 and magnet 2 13, l is axial distance between magnet 1 and magnet 2 13, and L is axial distance between two magnet 2 13, μ
0for permeability of vacuum, η
s=0 ~ 1 is the overlapping area coefficient between magnet 1 and magnet 2 13.Therefore, for making the described each piezoelectric vibrator be positioned on end cap 2, main body 1 and ring flange 702 can produce reciprocal axial bending vibration, η is worked as
sshould have when=1:
Namely need to meet
In the present invention, on the ring flange 702 of rotor 7 and on the main body 1 of geo-stationary and end cap 2, all piezoelectric vibrator is installed, realize swashing mutually by relatively rotating between piezoelectric vibrator, therefore energy output can significantly improves when generator axial dimension is certain; Meanwhile, install because described each piezoelectric vibrator is symmetrical in the axial direction, therefore its axial vibration power belongs to internal force, cancels out each other, on rotary body II without impact.
Claims (3)
1. based on the hanging type rotary generator that circular piezoelectric vibrator swashs mutually, it is characterized in that: end cap is arranged on main body wall end by screw, on the downside of described body exterior, by screw, balancing weight is installed; Described end cap and main body inside bottom wall are equipped with counterbore, are inlaid with bearing; Be provided with the rotating shaft of rotor in described bearing inner race, one end that described rotating shaft is provided with metallic channel is fixed with terminal pad by nut; Described rotating shaft is provided with ring flange, and ring flange is provided with wire guide, and ring flange both sides are respectively equipped with counterbore; The ring flange both sides of end cap and main body inside bottom wall and rotor are fixed with endless metal substrate respectively by screw, and the described metal substrate circular piezoelectric wafer bonding with its side forms circular piezoelectric vibrator; The center being positioned at the piezoelectric vibrator in end cap and main body is provided with magnet one by screw, the center being positioned at the piezoelectric vibrator on flange is provided with magnet two by screw, like pole between the described magnet one that each axis is adjacent and magnet two and two magnet two is near installing, and described magnet one is equal to the distance of spindle central with magnet two; The inner ring of two brushes is fixed by screws in rotating shaft, and in two brushes, the outer ring of a brush is fixed by screws in the inner side of end cap, and the outer ring of another brush is fixed by screws in the inside bottom wall of housing; The piezoelectric vibrator be positioned at inside end cap and shell bottom wall be connected with brush outer ring by wire group one, the be positioned at piezoelectric vibrator of ring flange both sides is connected with brush inner ring by wire group two; The inner ring of described two brushes is connected with the wire column group be positioned on terminal pad through wire group four after wire group three is connected again, and wire group four passes through the metallic channel be positioned in rotating shaft.
2. the hanging type rotary generator swashed mutually based on circular piezoelectric vibrator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the gravity of described balancing weight should meet:
wherein G is the gravity of balancing weight, η
nfor the greatest common divisor of magnet two quantity and magnet one quantity, Q is the central angle of balancing weight, and Q<150 °, F
yfor producing maximum repulsive force along the circumferential direction between magnet two and magnet one, R is magnet two and the magnet one center distance to spindle central, R
gfor balancing weight barycenter is to the distance of spindle central.
3. the hanging type rotary generator swashed mutually based on circular piezoelectric vibrator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the magnetic moment of magnet one and magnet two should meet
wherein m
1and m
2be respectively the magnetic moment of magnet one and magnet two, l is axial distance between magnet one and magnet two, and L is axial distance between two magnet two.
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| CN103595295B (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2015-07-08 | 重庆大学 | Magnetic/piezoelectric broadband vibration energy collector |
| CN103973161A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-08-06 | 天津大学 | Rotation piezoelectric energy collecting device |
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| CN103117676A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-05-22 | 西华师范大学 | Piezomagnetic/piezoelectric broadband vibration energy collector adopting rotary pendulum type structure |
| CN203313088U (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-11-27 | 浙江师范大学 | Overhanging type rotating generator based on mutual excitation of round piezoelectric vibrators |
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| CN103117676A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-05-22 | 西华师范大学 | Piezomagnetic/piezoelectric broadband vibration energy collector adopting rotary pendulum type structure |
| CN203313088U (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-11-27 | 浙江师范大学 | Overhanging type rotating generator based on mutual excitation of round piezoelectric vibrators |
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Inventor after: Han Junwu Inventor after: Fan Chuntao Inventor after: Wang Shuyun Inventor after: Cao Jianbo Inventor after: He Xinsheng Inventor after: Zeng Ping Inventor before: Zeng Ping Inventor before: Han Junwu Inventor before: Yu Li Inventor before: Wang Shuyun Inventor before: Cheng Guangming |
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Granted publication date: 20151202 Termination date: 20160531 |