CN203313090U - Overhanging type rotating generator based on mutual excitation of piezoelectric cantilever beams - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an overhanging type rotating generator based on mutual excitation of piezoelectric cantilever beams, and belongs to the fields of new energy and power generation. A left end cover and a right end cover are arranged at two ends of a shell body provided with a balancing weight. First piezoelectric vibrators are connected between the left end cover and the shell body, the right end cover and the shell body in a compression joint mode, wherein the left end cover and the right end cover are embedded with bearings. A rotating shaft provided with a web plate and a wheel edge is arranged on the left end cover and the right end cover through the bearings. Second piezoelectric vibrators are fixed on two sides of the wheel edge. The end portion of each first piezoelectric vibrator and the end portion of each second piezoelectric vibrator are respectively provided with a magnet. An inner ring of an electric brush and an outer ring of the electric brush are respectively fixed on the rotating shaft and the right end cover. The first piezoelectric vibrators and the second piezoelectric vibrators are connected with the outer ring of the electric brush and the inner ring of the electric brush through a first wire set and a second wire set, and the inner ring of the electric brush is connected with a binding post on a connecting disc through a third wire set. The overhanging type rotating generator is advantageous in that external supporting and fixing are not needed, the formed generator is an independent part, a rotating body structure does not need to be changed, and the generator is convenient to install and maintain, is high in reliability, and is strong in power generating capacity and rotating speed adaptability.

Description

Based on the mutual hanging type rotary generator swashed of piezoelectric cantilever

Technical field

The utility model belongs to new forms of energy and technical field of power generation, is specifically related to a kind of hanging type rotary generator swashed mutually based on piezoelectric cantilever, powers for the health monitoring systems without the fixed support rotary body.

Background technology

For meeting helicopter screw propeller/automobile tire/aero-engine/bullet train/oil gas, bore the health monitoring systems power demands of the rotary body such as main shaft and bearing assembly thereof, Chinese scholars has proposed rotary piezoelectricity and the electromagnetic type microminiature generator of various ways.Comparatively speaking, the rotary electric magnetic generator is very ripe and be widely used, but because of it, can produce electromagnetic interference in power generation process is unsuitable for as the power supply of wireless sensing monitoring system, in addition, electromagnetic generator needs mover and stator to do that relative motion and moving/stator dimensions is suitable, therefore complex structure, volume are large, can't or inconvenience for some need to generator and rotary body is mutually integrated small and tele-control system, especially be unsuitable for the occasion without fixed support such as automobile tire, cantilever main shaft.By comparison, the sheet type piezoelectric vibrator because of simple in structure, volume is little and can be integrated with rotary body, therefore be considered to, constructs the effective ways of microminiature rotary generator.

According to energisation mode, early stage rotary piezoelectric generator mainly comprises 3 large classes: (i) inertia-powered formula, utilize the variation that is subjected to force direction in the piezoelectric vibrator rotation process to make its flexural deformation, the method is simple in structure, but only being suitable for low speed (especially during even high speed rotating, can't produce double-deformation alternately because centrifugal force is excessive at a high speed) and rotary state cataclysm will make piezoelectric vibrator damage because stressed/deformed is excessive; (ii) dial type, utilize rotating mechanism to stir piezoelectric vibrator, needs the two to relatively rotate, and while being unsuitable for automobile tire etc. without the occasion of fixed support and high speed, impact/noise is larger; (iii) impacting type, utilize the steel ball that rotation is fallen to clash into piezoelectric vibrator, and the method also is only applicable to the occasion that rotating speed is lower and has greater impact/noise and possible shock damage.Obviously, above-mentioned along rotary body direction of rotation excitation, namely circumferentially encourage the method for piezoelectric vibrator generating to become the technical bottleneck of its practical application of restriction, be unsuitable at a high speed, at the uniform velocity, and the limited occasion of usage space/structure.Therefore, people have proposed again the New Rotary piezoelectric generator based on the magnetic couple excitation, as Chinese patent 201210319215.0, 201210320165.8, 201210318782.4, 201210318930.2 etc., have without impacting and noise, the advantages such as rotating speed is adaptable, but must be by the effective excitation that realizes piezoelectric vibrator that relatively rotates between bearing pedestal or bearing cap etc. " fixture " and axle class " rotary body " during the work of these generators, therefore can't be for the rotary body power generation needs of " without fixed support ", blade as rotation wind driven generator, automobile tire, and all kinds of overhanging cantilever-rotating axles etc., simultaneously, above-mentioned rotary piezoelectric generator, only at " fixture " or " rotary body " the upper piezoelectric vibrator of installing, fails to take full advantage of the axial space of generator, and the volume energy density of generator is low.

In addition, the piezoelectric vibrator that existing beam type rotary piezoelectric generator adopts be wait width and its stiff end diameter be less than the free-ended diameter that magnet is installed, drawback is: during piezoelectric vibrator flexural deformation, Root Stress is large, easily causes the piezoelectric vibrator damage; One timing of generator radial direction yardstick, a little less than little, the overall generating capacity of the area of piezoelectric vibrator; Most critical be that during high rotating speed, magnet centrifugal force can make that the axial vibration displacement of piezoelectric vibrator reduces, friction even, therefore generating efficiency is low.

Summary of the invention

The utility model provides a kind of hanging type rotary generator swashed mutually based on piezoelectric cantilever, for screw/automotive wheel/cantilevered axle etc. without fixed support or the strong point from axle head away from the health monitoring systems power demands of rotary body, to solve the existing low problem of the existing generating efficiency of rotary piezoelectric generator.

The technical scheme that the utility model is taked is: left end cap and right end cap are arranged on respectively the two ends of housing by screw, and described outside downside is equipped with balancing weight by screw; Described left end cap, right end cap, housing and the balancing weight be installed on housing form stator jointly; On the end cap madial wall of described left and right, all be inlaid with bearing, between described left and right end cap and housing, all be crimped with metal substrate one; The fan-shaped piezoelectric vibrator one of piezoelectric chip one formation that described metal substrate one is bonding with its side, the free end of described piezoelectric vibrator one is equipped with magnet one by screw; The rotating shaft of rotor is arranged on the end cap of left and right by bearing, and an end of described rotating shaft is equipped with terminal pad by nut, and rotating shaft is provided with disc and wheel rim; The left and right sides of described wheel rim is fixed with metal substrate two by screw, and described metal substrate two forms fan-shaped piezoelectric vibrator two with the piezoelectric chip two of its surface binded, and the free end of described piezoelectric vibrator two is equipped with magnet two by screw; Between described axially adjacent magnet one and magnet two and the like pole between two magnet two near installation, the magnetic moment m of described magnet one ₁Magnetic moment m with magnet two ₂Between pass be m ₁M ₂(l/L) ⁴, wherein l and L be respectively between magnet one and magnet two and two magnet two between adjacent pole between initial axial distance; The inner ring of brush and outer ring are fixed by screws in respectively on rotating shaft and right end cap, piezoelectric vibrator one is connected with outer ring and the inner ring of brush with wire group two by wire group one respectively with piezoelectric vibrator two, the inner ring of brush is connected with the binding post on being placed in terminal pad by wire group three, and described wire group three passes by the metallic channel in rotating shaft.

The gravity of balancing weight described in the utility model should meet: η wherein _nFor the greatest common divisor of magnet two quantity and magnet one quantity, Q<150 ° are the central angle of balancing weight, F _yFor in the circumferential direction of the circle maximum repulsive force between magnet two and magnet one, R is magnet two and the magnet one center distance to spindle central,, R _GFor the distance of balancing weight barycenter to spindle central.

For the barycenter of guaranteeing balancing weight in the generator course of work, be in all the time the below of spindle central, should make to work as the balancing weight corner is Q ₁Between=(180-Q)/2 o'clock each magnet two and magnet one, the driving torque sum is less than or equal to brake torque, namely $2{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_n{M}_y\&le;{\mathrm{GR}}_G\cos \left(\frac{180-Q}{2}\right),$ The gravity that obtains thus balancing weight should meet: $G\&GreaterEqual;\frac{{2\mathrm{\&eta;}}_n{\mathrm{RF}}_y}{R_G\cos (90-Q/2)},$ η wherein _nFor the greatest common divisor of magnet two quantity and magnet one quantity, Q<150 ° are the central angle of balancing weight.

The utility model has the advantages that novel structure, (1) utilize balancing weight structure stator, make to be arranged on fan-shaped piezoelectric vibrator one on housing and end magnet one thereof keep relative to static and and with rotor on produce relative rotation between the magnet two that rotates of piezoelectric vibrator two, realize the phase mutual excitation between piezoelectric vibrator, without extraneous fixed support; (2) generator is the integrated form individual components, without changing rotation body structure, being convenient to I&M; (3) adopt fan-shaped piezoelectric vibrator and its stiff end radius to be greater than the free end radius, effective work area of piezoelectric vibrator is large, stress distribution evenly, piezoelectric vibrator free end magnet centrifugal force and little on the piezoelectric vibrator axial vibration impact of rotation, therefore the reliability of generator is high, generating capacity large, rotating speed strong adaptability and can realize high rotating speed generating; (4) the axial balanced configuration of piezoelectric vibrator, its axial vibration power belongs to internal force and cancels out each other, on rotary body without impact.

The accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the section of structure of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) in preferred embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the I section enlarged drawing of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the A-A view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the B-B view of Fig. 1.

Embodiment

Left end cap 3 and right end cap 1 are arranged on respectively the two ends of housing 2 by screw, the outer lower side of described housing 2 is equipped with balancing weight 17 by screw; Described left end cap 3, right end cap 1, housing 2 and the balancing weight 17 be installed on housing 2 form stator jointly; Equal embedded bearing 8 on the madial wall of described left end cap 3 and right end cap 1; Between described left end cap 3 and right end cap 1 and housing 2, all be crimped with metal substrate 1, the fan-shaped piezoelectric vibrator 1 of piezoelectric chip one 402 formation that described metal substrate 1 is bonding with its side, the free end of described piezoelectric vibrator 1 is equipped with magnet 1 by screw; The rotating shaft 901 of rotor 9 is arranged on left end cap 3 and right end cap 1 by bearing 8, and an end of described rotating shaft 901 is equipped with terminal pad 11 by nut 12, and described rotating shaft 901 is provided with disc 902 and wheel rim 903; The left and right sides of described wheel rim 903 is fixed with metal substrate 2 501 by screw, and described metal substrate 2 501 forms fan-shaped piezoelectric vibrator 25 with the piezoelectric chip 2 502 of its surface binded, and the free end of described piezoelectric vibrator 25 is equipped with magnet 26 by screw; Between described axially adjacent magnet 1 and magnet 26 and the like pole between two magnet 26 near installation, the magnetic moment m of described magnet 1 ₁Magnetic moment m with magnet 26 ₂Between pass be m ₁M ₂(l/L) ⁴, wherein l and L be respectively between magnet 1 and magnet 26 and two magnet 26 between adjacent pole between initial axial distance; The inner ring of brush 10 and outer ring are fixed by screws in respectively on rotating shaft 901 and right end cap 1, piezoelectric vibrator 1 is connected with outer ring and the inner ring of brush 10 with wire group 2 13 by wire group 1 respectively with piezoelectric vibrator 25, the inner ring of brush 10 is connected with the binding post 16 on being placed in terminal pad 11 by wire group 3 14, and described wire group 3 14 passes by the metallic channel 904 in rotating shaft 901.

The gravity of balancing weight described in the utility model should meet:

η wherein _nFor the greatest common divisor of magnet two quantity and magnet one quantity, Q<150 ° are the central angle of balancing weight, F _yFor in the circumferential direction of the circle maximum repulsive force between magnet two and magnet one, R is magnet two and the magnet one center distance to spindle central,, R _GFor the distance of balancing weight barycenter to spindle central.

In the course of work, terminal pad 11 is arranged on end the rotor driven 9 of rotary body II by screw and the piezoelectric vibrator 25 and the magnet 26 that are installed on the wheel rim 903 of rotor 9 rotate with described rotary body II; When magnet 26 is underlapped in a circumferential direction near magnet 1 and described two magnet in a circumferential direction, between magnet 26 and magnet 1, produce repulsive force F in the circumferential direction of the circle _yThereby, produce the driving torque M that magnet 1 is rotated along rotating shaft 901 _y, when magnet 26 and magnet 1 driving moment maximum when circumferencial direction " soon overlapping ", be M _y=RF _y, wherein R is the distance of the center of magnet 26 and magnet 1 to rotating shaft 901 centers; Because the outer lower side of the utility model middle shell 2 is equipped with balancing weight 17 by screw, when balancing weight 17 because being subjected to driving torque M _yEffect turns over certain angle Q ₁The time, the gravity G of balancing weight 17 produces a reverse brake torque M _G=GR _GCosQ ₁, R wherein _GFor the distance of balancing weight 17 barycenter to rotating shaft 901 centers.

For the barycenter of guaranteeing balancing weight 17 in the generator course of work, be in all the time the below at rotating shaft 901 centers, should make to work as balancing weight 17 corners is Q ₁Between=(180-Q)/2 o'clock each magnet 26 and magnet 1, the driving torque sum is less than or equal to brake torque, namely

The gravity that obtains thus balancing weight 17 should meet:

η wherein _nFor magnet 26 quantity n _aWith magnet one 7 quantity n _bGreatest common divisor, Q<150 ° are the central angle of balancing weight 17.

When balancing weight 17 does not rotate with rotor 9, between magnet 26 and magnet 1, produce relative rotation, overlapping area between them and active force be according to ascending, descending rule conversion again, thereby make piezoelectric vibrator 1 and piezoelectric vibrator 25 produce reciprocal axial bending distortion and convert mechanical energy to electric energy.According to electromagnetic theory, between initial condition lower magnet 1 and magnet 26 and the axial repulsive force between two magnet 26 be respectively

With

M wherein ₁, m ₂Be respectively the magnetic moment of magnet 1 and magnet 26, l and L be respectively between magnet 1 and magnet 26 and two magnet 26 between adjacent pole between initial axial distance, λ is the coefficient relevant with ferromagnetic material, η _S=0～1 is the overlapping area coefficient of magnet 1 and magnet 26; Therefore, produce simultaneously reciprocal axial bending vibration for making piezoelectric vibrator 1 and piezoelectric vibrator 25, magnet 1 and magnet 26 overlapping area maximums are η _SShould have in=1 o'clock: $F=F_{12}-F_{22}=\mathrm{\&lambda;}\frac{m_1{m}_2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="l"\; filenames="HDA00003287578000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">l</figure-callout>}}^4}{\mathrm{\&eta;}}_S-\mathrm{\&lambda;}\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="m"\; filenames="HDA00003287578000011.png,HDA00003287578000031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout>}}_2^2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="4"\; label="L"\; filenames="HDA00003287578000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}^4}>0,$ Namely need to meet ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="m"\; filenames="HDA00003287578000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">m</figure-callout>}}_1>m_2{\left(\frac{l}{L}\right)}^4.$

It is fan-shaped in the utility model, adopting piezoelectric vibrator 1 and piezoelectric vibrator 25, and the width of stiff end is greater than free-ended width.According to mechanics of materials knowledge, the stress distribution that the stress distribution ratio on fan-shaped piezoelectric vibrator length direction waits the width cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrators evenly and the maximum stress less of stiff end, thereby improve intensity and the reliability of generator; While adopting fan-shaped piezoelectric vibrator, the ξ when in the generator cross section, the effective area of piezoelectric vibrator waits the width cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrators for employing=(R _d/ r _x+ 1)/2 times, R wherein _dAnd r _xBe respectively the rear large radius of piezoelectric vibrator of assembling and minor radius, as R _d/ r _x=5 ξ=3.Therefore in the situation that the suffered mean stress of piezoelectric vibrator equate, the energy output of fan-shaped cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrators is the ξ that waits the width cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrators=(R _d/ r _x+ 1)/2 times; Simultaneously, because the radius of fan-shaped piezoelectric vibrator stiff end is greater than free-ended radius, namely the radius of gyration of the free-ended magnet of piezoelectric vibrator is little, therefore centrifugal force and little on the impact of magnet axial motion can be realized the effective generating under high rotating speed.

In addition, on " stator " formed by left end cap 3, right end cap 1, housing 2 and balancing weight 17 in the utility model, and on the wheel rim 903 of rotor 9, be separately installed with piezoelectric vibrator 1 and piezoelectric vibrator 25, therefore in the situation that the certain energy output of generator axial dimension can increase substantially; Simultaneously, because of described piezoelectric vibrator 1 and piezoelectric vibrator 25 symmetrical installation the in the axial direction, therefore its axial vibration power belong to internal force, cancel out each other, on rotary body II without impact.

Claims (2)

1. hanging type rotary generator swashed mutually based on piezoelectric cantilever, it is characterized in that: left end cap and right end cap are arranged on the housing two ends by screw respectively, and the outside downside is equipped with balancing weight by screw; Described left end cap, right end cap, housing and balancing weight form stator jointly; On the end cap madial wall of left and right, equal embedded bearing, all be crimped with metal substrate one between left end cap, right end cap and housing; The fan-shaped piezoelectric vibrator one of piezoelectric chip one formation that metal substrate one is bonding with its side, the free end of piezoelectric vibrator one is equipped with magnet one by screw; The rotating shaft of rotor is arranged on the end cap of left and right by bearing, and an end of rotating shaft is equipped with terminal pad by nut, and rotating shaft is provided with disc and wheel rim; The left and right sides of wheel rim is fixed with metal substrate two by screw, and metal substrate two forms fan-shaped piezoelectric vibrator two with the piezoelectric chip two of its surface binded, and the free end of piezoelectric vibrator two is equipped with magnet two by screw; Between described axially adjacent magnet one and magnet two and the like pole between two magnet two near installation, the magnetic moment m of described magnet one ₁Magnetic moment m with magnet two ₂Between pass be m ₁M ₂(l/L) ⁴, wherein l and L be respectively between magnet one and magnet two and two magnet two between adjacent pole between initial axial distance; Brush inner ring and outer ring are fixed by screws in respectively on rotating shaft and right end cap, piezoelectric vibrator one is connected with outer ring and the inner ring of brush with wire group two by wire group one respectively with piezoelectric vibrator two, the brush inner ring is connected with the binding post on being placed in terminal pad by wire group three, and described wire group three passes by the metallic channel in rotating shaft.

2. according to claim 1 based on the mutual hanging type rotary generator swashed of piezoelectric cantilever, it is characterized in that: the gravity of described balancing weight should meet:

η wherein _nFor the greatest common divisor of magnet two quantity and magnet one quantity, Q<150 ° are the central angle of balancing weight, F _yFor in the circumferential direction of the circle maximum repulsive force between magnet two and magnet one, R is magnet two and the magnet one center distance to spindle central, R _GFor the distance of balancing weight barycenter to spindle central.

Images