CN203312947U - Six-phase magnetic flux switching type permanent magnet motor - Google Patents
Six-phase magnetic flux switching type permanent magnet motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN203312947U CN203312947U CN2013202553452U CN201320255345U CN203312947U CN 203312947 U CN203312947 U CN 203312947U CN 2013202553452 U CN2013202553452 U CN 2013202553452U CN 201320255345 U CN201320255345 U CN 201320255345U CN 203312947 U CN203312947 U CN 203312947U
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Abstract
A six-phase magnetic flux switching type permanent magnet motor comprises a stator, a rotor and a rotating shaft. The stator adopts a permanent magnetic type double-salient-pole structure. To put it in other words, permanent magnets, a stator core and an armature winding are all placed in the stator and the stator core is formed by assembling a U-shaped magnetic conductive iron core and each permanent magnet embedded in the magnetic conductive iron core. The permanent magnets are magnetized in a tangentially alternate way. The armature winding is a six-phase armature winding placed in the stator. The six-phase armature winding adopts concentrated type coils. The rotor is made of magnetic conductive materials. The magnetized directions of the permanent magnets are all tangential to the stator circumference. The magnetized directions of two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite. The number of the armature coils and the number of the stator grooves are both even number times the phase number. Each phase has 2n coil windings. The two ends of a stator circumference diameter are respectively provided with n coils of the 2n coil windings. The n coils are distributed in a uniform way. Two sets of three-phase windings can be used for independent power supplying or power generating.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to heterogeneous generating or electrokinetic technique, especially a kind of six phase Magneticflux-switching type magnetoes.
Background technology
Magneto utilizes permanent magnet to produce magnetic field, and due to the inherent characteristic of permanent magnet, it,, after magnetization in advance, no longer needs external energy just can set up magnetic field at its surrounding space.With traditional electro-magnetic motor, compare, so both can simplify electric machine structure, saved the collector ring and the brush that easily go wrong, improved the motor reliability of operation; Without exciting current, namely there is no excitation loss again, improved efficiency and the power density of motor.The Magneticflux-switching type magneto adopts the stator permanent magnetic type structure, permanent magnet and armature winding all are placed in stator, stator core is assembled by " U " shape magnetic conductive iron and permanent magnet, armature winding adopts centralized winding coil, end is short, resistance is less, and on rotor both without permanent magnet without winding, simple in structure, robustness good, efficiency and power density all higher.
Adopt the Magneticflux-switching type magneto of certain rule rotor teeth groove cooperation owing to possessing the winding complementarity, can greatly reduce or offset the higher harmonic components in single coil permanent magnetism magnetic linkage and induced potential, make this motor under the condition that adopts centralized armature winding and rotor straight trough, just can obtain every mutually unloaded permanent magnetism magnetic linkage and the induced potential of higher sinusoidal degree, be particularly suitable for the application scenario of AC speed regulating, as drive system of electric automobile; And its armature reacting field and permanent magnetic field say it is in parallel from magnetic circuit, have stronger anti-degaussing ability, during as generator operation, have good characteristic, voltage regulation can keep reduced levels.
On the other hand, along with the power grade of drive system of electric automobile, motor speed etc. constantly increase, the technical-economic index of vehicula motor, generator body and control system thereof has also been proposed to more and more higher requirement.Mainly comprise: be no matter that motor should generator will have larger power grade, controllability, operates steadily, reliability is high, fault-tolerant ability is strong, particularly under malfunction, still can export certain machine torque to guarantee the safety of vehicle.Yet traditional Magneticflux-switching type magneto all adopts the three-phase winding construction, no matter be to use as high-power driving motor or wind-driven generator, there are following three shortcomings:
(1) in the high-power applications occasion, the power grade that three-phase structure causes every phase armature winding to bear is very high, increased the design difficulty of every phase winding coil, the output of relatively high power simultaneously also can propose higher requirement to the cooling level of winding, has increased designing requirement and the cost of whole system;
(2) in the high-power applications occasion, every phase winding all can be assigned with very large power, in power conversion system corresponding to three phase electric machine, must select the larger power device of current class, perhaps adopt the mode that little current power device is in parallel and connect, but this can cause current-sharing and the voltage-sharing of Static and dynamic, increase design difficulty and the reliability of power inverter;
(3) for three phase electric machine, when wherein one while breaking down mutually, constant if guaranteed the power of exporting, the power that will bear of other two-phase is normal 1.5 times of moving, this leaves larger allowance while just needing Winding Design, but when this can cause again system normally to be moved, utilance was lower, and when running on malfunction, torque (power) pulsation is larger.
Based on above-mentioned shortcoming, the utility model proposes a kind of novel six phase winding Magneticflux-switching type magnetoes, utilize the various combination mode of six phase windings, can produce two and overlap the three-phase symmetric winding of redundancy each other.The advantage such as this motor is can high, the anti-degaussing ability of inheriting tradition three-phase Magneticflux-switching type magneto power density strong, simultaneously can overcome above-mentioned shortcoming again, and, by the cooperation of stator and rotor teeth groove, motor size optimal design, the control of active phase-deficient operation etc., can obtain comprehensive optimal performance.
The utility model content
The utility model purpose is, proposes a kind of large-power occasions that runs on, and has high torque (HT) (power) density, high reliability, six phase winding permagnetic synchronous motors that controllability is strong.Especially the utility model motor proposes the sinusoidal degree of the optimal design of size with the raising induced potential, and reduces location torque, and two overlap three-phase symmetric windings redundancy each other simultaneously, have strengthened the electromagnetic performances such as reliability of this motor.
Technical solutions of the utility model are: six phase Magneticflux-switching type magnetoes, comprise stator, rotor and rotating shaft, it is characterized in that stator adopts permanent-magnet type double-salient-pole structure, be that permanent magnet and stator core, armature winding all are placed in stator, and stator core is assembled by " U " shape magnetic conductive iron and each permanent magnet of being embedded between magnetic conductive iron, and permanent magnet is tangentially and alternately magnetizes; Armature winding is the six phase armature winding that are placed in stator, six phase armature winding adopt centralized coil, be evenly distributed on stator circumference, each armature coil is clipped in the middle in the armature slot of the left and right sides, stator core unit that forms across being wound on by two " U " shape magnetic conductive iron and permanent magnet, in each armature slot, is arranged side by side with and adheres to out of phase armature coil separately; Rotor is made by permeability magnetic material; Wherein the magnetizing direction of permanent magnet is all the tangential of stator circumference, and the magnetizing direction of adjacent two permanent magnets is opposite; Armature coil and number of stator slots are the even-multiple of the number of phases; Be that this even number armature coil series, parallel or series-parallel connection form every phase armature winding, produce the magnetic field of every phase; Six phase armature winding are divided into symmetrical and three phase windings of redundancy each other of two covers, the independently-powered or generating of two cover three phase windings.
Every phase 2n coil windings, respectively have n coil to be evenly distributed on the two ends of the diameter of stator circumference, and n is positive integer, during as 24 grooves/22 utmost point, 4 coils of every phase, has 2 coils to be evenly distributed on the two ends of stator circumference diameter.Or 2n coil is distributed in an end of the diameter of stator circumference; When six-phase motor is 24 grooves/20 utmost point, 4 coils of every phase, these 4 coils are distributed in upper semicircumference.
Every phase winding induced potential maximum that coil groups is synthetic turns to design principle, and considers that coil has the winding complementarity, thereby obtains the optimum combination mode of every phase winding coil.Rotor, both without permanent magnet, does not have armature winding yet.
Number of stator slots is the even-multiple of the number of phases, as 12 grooves, 24 grooves, 36 grooves or 48 grooves.
Further, be that in the structure of stator 1 and rotor 4, rotor is inner rotor core or outer-rotor structure.
Further, rotor is straight trough rotor or skewed rotor; The number of poles of rotor is that the groove number of the number of teeth and stator differs ± 2k, and wherein k is positive integer.Permanent magnet is neodymium iron boron, ferrite or samarium cobalt permanent magnet body.
The utility model motor both can be used as generator operation, can be used as again the motor operation.
This motor excitation mode both can be pure permanent magnetism, can also fill other modes such as degaussing for pure electric excitation, composite excitation, online memory.
Different from traditional three-phase structure, the six phase Magneticflux-switching type magnetoes that the utility model proposes adopt six phase armature winding structures.Rotor is straight trough (or skewed slot, can improve permanent magnetism magnetic linkage, induced potential sine degree), on rotor both without permanent magnet also without winding.For giving full play to the complementarity of winding, number of stator slots should be the even-multiple of the number of phases.For the symmetry that guarantees rotor with reduce location torque, the rotor number of poles is also for even number and near number of stator slots.Because the increase of number of stator slots can reduce groove area and the stator facewidth, thereby reduce the armature coil groove area and cause that easily magnetic circuit is saturated, also to processing and manufacturing, increasing certain difficulty simultaneously, therefore for six-phase motor, number of stator slots is often 12,24 etc.
The Magneticflux-switching type magneto of a stator N groove, the rotor M utmost point of take is example, and the phase difference θ (electrical degree) between the permanent magnetism magnetic linkage (or inductive electric potential vector) of the armature winding coil linkage on adjacent two stator tooths can calculate by formula as follows (1):
θ=M×(360°/N)-180° (1)
In the adjacent windings calculated according to formula (1), the phase difference of inductive electric potential vector, can draw motor slot conductor induced potential star graph.Be illustrated in figure 2 24 grooves/20 utmost point Magneticflux-switching type Permanent Magnet and Electric trough conductor induced potential star graphs.
The most key part of the utility model is: number of motor phases is six phases, and the distribution of this six phase winding is relevant with the coil connected mode of taking, and common distribution mode has two kinds:
The star-like symmetric winding cell formation of three-phase overlapped on (1) two group of space, as shown in Figure 2.
The star-like symmetric winding cell formation of three-phase of mutual deviation 30 degree electrical degrees on (2) two groups of spaces, as shown in Figure 3.
The six phase armature winding structures that are target design with every phase induced potential to the maximum, guaranteed that the winding spread factor, near 1, has improved the utilance of winding.According to above-mentioned winding construction, this motor both can pass through three-phase rectifier when generator operation, also can outwards export electric energy by six-phase rectifier.
Six phase Magneticflux-switching type magnetoes have not only retained the characteristics of common three-phase magnetic pass switching electromotor high torque density, high efficiency, low-voltage regulation, also at aspects such as reliability, potential waveform sine degree, location torque, stable output power, have significant advantage.
The beneficial effects of the utility model: the six-phase motor that (1) this utility model proposes is to meet the effective way that high power capacity requires.For three phase electric machine, under high-power state, single-phase output current is higher, often adopts the method for multitube series and parallel to control, and this can cause current-sharing and the voltage-sharing of Static and dynamic, and this has just increased design difficulty and the reliability of power inverter.This generator number of phases is more, and in the certain situation of power, every power provided mutually is less, and phase current magnitude is also less under relatively low voltage, so just can realize powerful demand with low-voltage device; On the other hand, when electrical power one timing of every phase winding, due to the increase of number of motor phases, make the gross power of generator increase.
(2) the six-phase motor location torque of this utility model proposition is less, and the output torque is steady.In the wind power generation application scenario, less location torque, be beneficial to motor and start when wind speed is low.Along with the increase of the number of phases, make the space harmonics number of times that impact is larger increase, and amplitude decline, reduce the torque pulsation amplitude, make torque (power) output more steady.The noise and vibration that reduces to reduce motor of torque pulsation, and improve the low cruise performance, be particularly suitable for wind generator system.
(3) the six-phase motor fault-tolerance ability of this utility model proposition is strong, and reliability is high.This motor can be regarded as by two three phase electric machine unit and form, when one mutually or heterogeneous (three-phase at most) winding while breaking down, by suitable control strategy (adjusting amplitude and the phase place of the electric current and voltage of other healthy phases), make motor still can in the situation that power slightly reduce and move.
(4) the six-phase motor control freedom degree of this utility model proposition is high.The space vector of voltage that six phase windings produce is more, and for the advanced persons' such as space vector pulse width modulation control of voltage source inverter control strategy provides sufficient control resource, than three phase electric machine, the performance of its direct torque control significantly improves.
(5) six-phase motor of this utility model proposition has stronger anti-degaussing ability, and its voltage regulation can keep reduced levels.
The utility model motor has high torque (HT) (power) density, high reliability, and the performances such as high controllability, torque pulsation is little, fault-tolerant ability is strong; Every phase power grade is little, has reduced the requirement to current transformer; Location torque and torque pulsation are little, vibration and noise while having reduced the motor operation; Guaranteed that motor still possesses stronger power output capacity when the part phase winding breaks down.The utility model is specially adapted to need drive system of electric automobile, wind generator system and the aerospace field of high-power and high reliability.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 1 shows that the horizontal sectional structure schematic diagram of the utility model motor.
Fig. 2 is that six phase stator 24 groove rotor 20 utmost point magnetic pass switching electromotor armature line ring recess conductor electromotive force star graphs and synthetic phasor1 distribute.The six symmetrical windings that this kind connected mode forms can be regarded as by the star-like symmetric winding cell formation of the three-phase overlapped on two spaces.
Fig. 3 is six phase stator 24 groove rotor 22 utmost point magnetic pass switching electromotor armature line ring recess conductor electromotive force star graph and phasor1 distribution maps.Fig. 3 (a) six 24 grooves/22 utmost point groove conductor electromotive force star polar plots mutually wherein, Fig. 3 (b) six is 24 grooves/22 utmost point phasor1 distribution maps mutually.This kind connected mode forms another kind of six phase winding structures, by the star-like symmetric winding cell formation of three-phase of the 30 degree electrical degrees of mutual deviation on two spaces.
Fig. 4 is six phase stator 12 groove rotor 10 utmost point magnetic pass switching electromotor armature line ring recess conductor electromotive force star graphs.Six phase windings that this kind connected mode forms can be regarded as by the three-phase star symmetric winding cell formation overlapped on space.The difference of Fig. 4 and Fig. 2 is: in Fig. 4, every phase winding is comprised of two coils, and in Fig. 2, every phase winding is comprised of 4 coils.
Embodiment
The six phase stator 24 grooves/extremely pure permanent-magnet structure magnetic pass switching electromotor of rotor 20 of take is example, and as shown in Figure 1, the utility model permanent-magnet type flux switch motor comprises stator 1, concentrates armature winding 2, permanent magnet 3, rotor 4 and rotating shaft 5.Wherein, rotor 4 is positioned at the inside (also can make outer-rotor structure) of stator 1, stator 1 and rotor 4 are all salient-pole structure, and stationary part is comprised of 24 " U " shape stator magnetic conductive iron, 24 permanent magnet and six symmetrical centralized armature winding 2 that replace cutting orientation magnetizing.Six mutually centralized armature winding 2 comprise that first concentrates armature coil 201, second concentrates armature coil 202, the 3rd concentrates armature coil 203, the 4th concentrates armature coil 204, the 5th concentrates armature coil 205, the 6th concentrates armature coil 206, the 7th concentrates armature coil 207, the 8th concentrates armature coil 208, the 9th concentrates armature coil 209, the tenth concentrates armature coil 210, the 11 concentrates armature coil 211, the 12 concentrates armature coil 212, the 13 concentrates armature coil 213, the 14 concentrates armature coil 214, the 15 concentrates armature coil 215, the 16 concentrates armature coil 216, the 17 concentrates armature coil 217, the 18 concentrates armature coil 218, the 19 concentrates armature coil 219, the 20 concentrates armature coil 220, the 21 concentrates armature coil 221, the 22 concentrates armature coil 222, the 23 concentrates armature coil 223, the 24 concentrates armature coil 224, to have 24 coils, and each coil of six mutually centralized armature winding is all in the armature slot across the both sides, stator core unit being comprised of two " U " shape magnetic conductive iron and the middle permanent magnet embedded.Two circle limits of each coil are placed in respectively by two " U " shape magnetic conductive iron and middle stator core unit two side channels that permanent magnet forms, two different phase winding coil turn limits that are arranged side by side are arranged in a stator armature groove, to overlap coil plane spatially vertical with corresponding stator core unit.
The A1 of take is example mutually, between coil 201 and coil 204, has between winding complementarity, coil 213 and coil 216 and has the winding complementarity (these four coils form the A1 phase winding).Therefore, according to Fig. 2 and winding complementarity, concentrate mutually winding to be scattered in six phase winding structures of the three-phase symmetric winding that two cover spaces overlap by six.Embodiment is as follows: coil 201, coil 204, coil 213, coil 216 are composed in series the A1 phase; Coil 207, coil 210, coil 219, coil 222 are composed in series the A2 phase; Coil 202, coil 205, coil 214, coil 217 are composed in series the B1 phase; Coil 208, coil 211, coil 220, coil 223 are composed in series the B2 phase; Coil 203, coil 206, coil 215, coil 218 are composed in series the C1 phase; Coil 209, coil 212, coil 221, coil 224 are composed in series the C2 phase.
Permanent magnet 3 one has 24 permanent magnets, and every permanent magnet is embedded in the middle of adjacent two " U " shape magnetic conductive iron.The first permanent magnet 301 wherein, the second permanent magnet 302, the 3rd permanent magnet 303, the 4th permanent magnet 304, the 5th permanent magnet 305, the 6th permanent magnet 306, the 7th permanent magnet 307, the 8th permanent magnet 308, the 9th permanent magnet 309, the tenth permanent magnet 310, the 11 permanent magnet 311, the 12 permanent magnet 312, the 13 permanent magnet 313, the 14 permanent magnet 314, the 15 permanent magnet 315, the 16 permanent magnet 316, the 17 permanent magnet 317, the 18 permanent magnet 318, the 19 permanent magnet 319, the 20 permanent magnet 320, the 21 permanent magnet 321, the 22 permanent magnet 322, the 23 permanent magnet 323, the 24 permanent magnet 324 is tangentially and alternately magnetizes.Permanent magnet one has 24 permanent magnets, and every permanent magnet is embedded in the middle of two " U " shape magnetic conductive iron, and wherein the magnetizing direction of permanent magnet is all the tangential of stator circumference, and the magnetizing direction of adjacent two permanent magnets is opposite.On rotor, both without permanent magnet, also, not without excitation winding or armature winding, only by permeability magnetic material, made.Rotor 4 and rotating shaft 5 are separately arranged.
The utmost point of rotor 4 (tooth) number differs with the groove numbers of stator 1 ± 2k(wherein k be positive integer), generally, k can not be too large, to guarantee the symmetry of rotor tooth, avoids motor to be subject to the impact of unilateral magnetic force, can reduce the amplitude of location torque simultaneously.Rotor 4 can be the straight trough rotor, has guaranteed that the utility model, adopting the centralized armature winding of stator and rotor not under the condition of skewed slot, just can obtain the static characteristics such as every phase permanent magnetism magnetic linkage, induced potential and inductance that sinusoidal degree is very high.If the sinusoidal degree requirement to static characteristics such as motor permanent magnetism magnetic linkage, induced potential and inductance is high especially, also can be by straight trough rotor chute certain angle further to improve sine.
The above is only preferred implementation of the present utility model; be noted that for those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection range of the present utility model.
Claims (7)
1. six phase Magneticflux-switching type magnetoes, comprise stator, rotor and rotating shaft, it is characterized in that stator adopts permanent-magnet type double-salient-pole structure, be that permanent magnet and stator core, armature winding all are placed in stator, and stator core is assembled by " U " shape magnetic conductive iron and each permanent magnet of being embedded between magnetic conductive iron, and permanent magnet is tangentially and alternately magnetizes; Armature winding is the six phase armature winding that are placed in stator, six phase armature winding adopt centralized coil, be evenly distributed on stator circumference, each armature coil is clipped in the middle in the armature slot of the left and right sides, stator core unit that forms across being wound on by two " U " shape magnetic conductive iron and permanent magnet, in each armature slot, is arranged side by side with and adheres to out of phase armature coil separately; Rotor is made by permeability magnetic material; Wherein the magnetizing direction of permanent magnet is all the tangential of stator circumference, and the magnetizing direction of adjacent two permanent magnets is opposite; Armature coil and number of stator slots are the even-multiple of the number of phases; Be that this even number armature coil series, parallel or series-parallel connection form every phase armature winding, produce the magnetic field of every phase; Six phase armature winding are divided into symmetrical and three phase windings of redundancy each other of two covers, the independently-powered or generating of two cover three phase windings.
2. six phase Magneticflux-switching type magnetoes according to claim 1, is characterized in that number of stator slots is 12 grooves, 24 grooves, 36 grooves or 48 grooves.
3. six phase Magneticflux-switching type magnetoes according to claim 1, is characterized in that in the structure of stator (1) and rotor (4), rotor is inner rotor core or outer-rotor structure.
4. six phase Magneticflux-switching type magnetoes according to claim 1, is characterized in that rotor (1) is straight trough rotor or skewed rotor; The number of poles of rotor is that the groove number of the number of teeth and stator differs ± 2k, and wherein k is positive integer.
5. six phase Magneticflux-switching type magnetoes according to claim 1, is characterized in that permanent magnet (3) is neodymium iron boron, ferrite or samarium cobalt permanent magnet body.
6. six phase Magneticflux-switching type magnetoes according to claim 1, is characterized in that described motor is generator or motor.
7. six phase Magneticflux-switching type magnetoes according to claim 1, is characterized in that six phase stator permanent magnetic type flux switch motors are the extremely pure permanent-magnet structure magnetic pass switching electromotor of 24 grooves/rotor 22; Stator 1 and rotor 4 are all salient-pole structure, and stationary part is comprised of 24 " U " shape stator magnetic conductive iron, 24 permanent magnet and six symmetrical centralized armature winding 2 that replace cutting orientation magnetizing; Six mutually centralized armature winding 2 comprise 24 coils, and 4 coil windings of every phase have 2 two ends that are distributed in the diameter of stator circumference; Each coil of six mutually centralized armature winding is all in the armature slot across the both sides, stator core unit being comprised of two " U " shape magnetic conductive iron and the middle permanent magnet embedded; Two circle limits of each coil are placed in respectively by two " U " shape magnetic conductive iron and middle stator core unit two side channels that permanent magnet forms, two different phase winding coil turn limits that are arranged side by side are arranged in a stator armature groove, to overlap coil plane spatially vertical with corresponding stator core unit; Every permanent magnet is embedded in the middle of adjacent two " U " shape magnetic conductive iron.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2013202553452U CN203312947U (en) | 2013-05-10 | 2013-05-10 | Six-phase magnetic flux switching type permanent magnet motor |
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| CN2013202553452U CN203312947U (en) | 2013-05-10 | 2013-05-10 | Six-phase magnetic flux switching type permanent magnet motor |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103248158A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-08-14 | 东南大学 | Six-phase flux switching type permanent magnet motor |
| CN108539934A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-09-14 | 江苏大学 | It is a kind of asymmetry Magnetic Circuit permanent magnet-type motor modeling with demagnetization method for analyzing performance |
| CN110994817A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-04-10 | 北京动力机械研究所 | Six-phase magnetic flux switching motor capable of running at high speed |
-
2013
- 2013-05-10 CN CN2013202553452U patent/CN203312947U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103248158A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-08-14 | 东南大学 | Six-phase flux switching type permanent magnet motor |
| CN108539934A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-09-14 | 江苏大学 | It is a kind of asymmetry Magnetic Circuit permanent magnet-type motor modeling with demagnetization method for analyzing performance |
| CN108539934B (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2020-03-31 | 江苏大学 | Modeling and demagnetization performance analysis method for permanent magnet type motor of asymmetric magnetic network |
| CN110994817A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-04-10 | 北京动力机械研究所 | Six-phase magnetic flux switching motor capable of running at high speed |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
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