CN103219849A - Rotor-permanent-magnetic type doubly-salient motor - Google Patents
Rotor-permanent-magnetic type doubly-salient motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103219849A CN103219849A CN2013101609116A CN201310160911A CN103219849A CN 103219849 A CN103219849 A CN 103219849A CN 2013101609116 A CN2013101609116 A CN 2013101609116A CN 201310160911 A CN201310160911 A CN 201310160911A CN 103219849 A CN103219849 A CN 103219849A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rotor-permanent-magnetic type doubly-salient motor. The rotor-permanent-magnetic type doubly-salient motor comprises a stator iron core, armature coils, a rotor iron core and permanent magnets, wherein the stator iron core and the rotor iron core are of salient structures; the stator iron core is provided with stator teeth; each coil in the armature coils cross on one stator tooth; the rotor iron core comprises U-shaped magnetic-permeating units and a ring-shaped magnetic-permeating bridge; the U-shaped magnetic-permeating units are fixed on the magnetic-permeating bridge and are opposite to the stator teeth; the quantity of the permanent magnets is equal to that of the U-shaped magnetic-permeating units; and the permanent magnets are embedded between every two U-shaped magnetic-permeating units, are magnetized tangentially and are consistent in the magnetizing direction. The rotor-permanent-magnetic type doubly-salient motor disclosed by the invention has the advantages of doubly-salient armature permanent-magnetic chains and high-sine each-phase no-load inductive potential, and simultaneously has the advantages of higher space utilization rate and permanent-magnet utilization rate and high torque density and power density.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of motor, and specifically, what relate to is a kind of rotor permanent-magnet type double salient-pole electric machine.
Background technology
Along with the continuous aggravation of energy crisis, adopting permanent magnet excitation to replace electric excitation has become global common recognition to save energy resource consumption, and developmental research and apply the rare-earth permanent-magnet electric machine of new structure has important significance for theories and practical value.The present New-energy electric vehicle of broad research particularly requires that wherein motor driven systems volume is little, in light weight, efficient is high, exert oneself big, reliability is high, makes magneto show more wide application prospect.
Stator permanent magnetic type doubly-salient brushless motor (stator-PM doubly-salient brushless motor) is as the permanent magnetic brushless of a quasi-representative, be to be accompanied by power electronics, microelectronics, a kind of novel ac adjustable speed motor system that the development of control theory etc. occurred at the end of the nineties, its primary structure characteristics are that permanent magnet is placed stator, rotor core is just made by permeability magnetic material, both do not had permanent magnet on the rotor and do not had armature winding yet, do not need brush, possess simple in structure, robustness is good, torque is exerted oneself greatly, the power density height, be fit to high-speed cruising, control waits feature performance benefit flexibly.
Yet also there are some significant disadvantages in the stator permanent magnetic type doubly-salient brushless motor of discovering in recent years, specifically comprises:
(1) because permanent magnet is placed stator, causes the permanent magnet leakage field phenomenon of stator side serious, reduced the utilance of permanent magnet.In addition, except magnetic flux suitching type structure, the stator permanent magnetic type electric air-gap field density of other two kinds of structures is lower, torque density and power density are less than normal;
(2) for stator permanent magnetic type doubly-salient brushless motor, because permanent magnet and armature winding all are positioned at the limited stator side in space, even permanent magnet is replaced to electric excitation winding, will there be the competitive relation of stator space with armature winding in excitation mechanism, reduced the groove area of armature winding, and easily cause the degree of depth of stator core saturated, thereby further limit the power density of motor;
(3) on the other hand, in stator permanent magnetic type doubly-salient brushless motor, rotor portion does not contain any excitation mechanism and armature winding, only is pressed into the salient pole solid rotor by the magnetic conduction punching, make that the utilance of rotor space is lower, further weakened the torque density and the power density of motor.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem:Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: a kind of rotor permanent-magnet type double salient-pole electric machine is provided, this motor has ambipolar armature permanent magnetism magnetic linkage and highly sinusoidal every mutually unloaded induced potential, have higher space availability ratio and permanent magnet utilance simultaneously, and high torque density and power density.
Technical scheme:For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of rotor permanent-magnet type double salient-pole electric machine, this motor comprises stator core, armature coil, rotor core and permanent magnet; Stator core and rotor core are salient-pole structure, and stator core is provided with stator tooth, and each coil in the armature coil is across on a stator tooth; Rotor core comprises U-shaped magnetic conduction unit and ringwise magnetic conduction bridge, U-shaped magnetic conduction unit is fixed on the magnetic conduction bridge, U-shaped magnetic conduction unit is relative with stator tooth, and the quantity of the quantity of permanent magnet and U-shaped magnetic conduction unit equates that permanent magnet is embedded between two adjacent U type magnetic conduction unit; Permanent magnet is cutting orientation magnetizing, and the magnetizing direction unanimity.
Further: described armature coil adopts centralized armature coil, and each centralized armature coil connects into single-phase or the polyphase armature winding.
Further: described armature coil adopts the form of distributed winding, and each armature coil connects into single-phase or the polyphase armature winding.
Beneficial effect:Compared with prior art, adopt the beneficial effect of technical scheme of the present invention to be:
(1) improves space availability ratio, have higher torque density and power density.Motor of the present invention has changed original electric machine structure, the armature winding coil is placed the stator side of motor, and permanent magnet 4 is placed the rotor-side of motor, thereby avoided armature winding coil and permanent magnet to take the problem of stator space jointly, increased the groove area of armature winding coil, weaken the degree of saturation of stator core simultaneously, improved the space availability ratio of motor integral body, made motor of the present invention have higher torque density and power density.
(2) effectively improved the utilance of rotor space.Adopt the permanent magnet of radial magnetizing to compare with traditional surface-mount type rotor permanent-magnet type brushless electric machine, the permanent magnetism in the motor of the present invention adopts cutting orientation magnetizing, and the magnetizing direction unanimity, can place the polylith permanent magnet on rotor, has effectively improved the utilance of rotor space.Simultaneously,, need not permanent magnet is taked special safeguard procedures, be suitable for high-speed cruising because permanent magnet places rotor core inside.
(3) permanent magnet utilance height.Permanent magnet adopts cutting orientation magnetizing among the present invention, and cooperates U-shaped magnetic conduction unit, and when electric cycle of one of rotor rotation, linkage is a bipolarity to the permanent magnetism magnetic linkage in the armature coil, has improved the permanent magnet utilance.Motor of the present invention only just can make each armature coil all have highly sinusoidal magnetic linkage and induced electromotive force by stator facewidth size is adjusted, so synthetic every phase magnetic linkage and induced electromotive force are also highly sinusoidal, need not the complementary effect between coil.
(4) stator core of motor of the present invention and rotor core are salient-pole structure, behind armature winding feeding symmetrical alternating current electricity, motor is when output permanent magnetism magnetic linkage and armature magnetic linkage interact the permanent-magnet torque that is produced, exported because the reluctance torque that saliency produced has improved torque density.
(5) the armature reaction magnetic linkage of motor of the present invention need pass magnetic resistance very big permanent magnet and air gap zone relatively on magnetic circuit, and HI SA highly saturated magnetic conduction bridge zone, magnetic field, make that each phase self-induction of armature winding and alternate mutual inductance are all less, power factor when helping improving the motor operation and realization fault-tolerant operation.
(6) motor of the present invention has kept centralized armature winding coil, reduce the armature coil tip lengths, effectively reduce copper consumption and every phase resistance, and reduced the axial length of motor integral body, reduce the motor material cost, improved operational efficiency and power density.
(7) this invention motor also can manufacture an integral body by add the magnetic conduction bridge between adjacent U-shaped magnetic conduction unit with rotor portion as required, the stability during with raising motor high-speed cruising, and reduced the difficulty that rotor-core lamination is processed.Because magnetic conduction Qiao Chu magnetic field height is saturated, help weakening the leakage field of permanent magnet, improve the utilance of permanent magnet.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a cutaway view of the present invention.
Fundamental diagram when Fig. 2 runs to position A for motor of the present invention.
Fundamental diagram when Fig. 3 runs to position B for motor of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the unloaded permanent magnetism magnetic linkage of motor threephase armature winding of the present invention figure.
Fig. 5 is the unloaded induced potential figure of motor threephase armature winding of the present invention.
Have among the figure: stator core 1, armature winding coil 2, rotor core 3, permanent magnet 4, magnetic conduction bridge 5, first coil 201, second coil 202, tertiary coil 203, the 4th coil 204, the 5th coil 205, the 6th coil 206, the 7th coil 207, the 8th coil 208, the 9th coil 209, the tenth coil the 210, the 11 coil 211, the tenth two coil 212.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of rotor permanent-magnet type double salient-pole electric machine of the present invention comprises stator core 1, armature coil 2, rotor core 3 and permanent magnet 4.Whole motor comprises stator and rotor.Stator comprises stator core 1 and armature coil 2.Rotor comprises rotor core 3 and permanent magnet 4.Salient-pole structure is all adopted in stator core 1 and rotor core 3.Stator core 1 is provided with stator tooth.Each coil in the armature coil 2 is across on a stator tooth.Armature coil 2 can adopt centralized armature coil, and each centralized armature coil connects into single-phase or the polyphase armature winding; Armature coil 2 also can adopt the form of distributed winding, and each armature coil connects into single-phase or the polyphase armature winding.The present invention preferably adopts centralized armature coil.Rotor core 3 comprises U-shaped magnetic conduction unit and ringwise magnetic conduction bridge 5, and U-shaped magnetic conduction unit is fixed on the magnetic conduction bridge 5.U-shaped magnetic conduction unit is relative with stator tooth, and the quantity of the quantity of permanent magnet 4 and U-shaped magnetic conduction unit equates.As preferably, the stator number of teeth
P s With the rotor number of teeth
P r Relation satisfy:
P s =
P r ± 2.Permanent magnet 4 is embedded between two adjacent U type magnetic conduction unit.Permanent magnet 4 is fixedly connected on the wall of two adjacent U type magnetic conduction unit.Permanent magnet 4 is cutting orientation magnetizing, and the magnetizing direction unanimity.Each permanent magnet 4 is to magnetize counterclockwise or be clockwise and magnetizes.
Further: described stator core 1, rotor core 3 and magnetic conduction bridge 5 are permeability magnetic material and make.As preferably, described permeability magnetic material is a silicon steel sheet.The magnetic property of silicon steel sheet is good.Described permanent magnet 4 is made for permanent magnetic material.As preferably, this permanent magnetic material is a neodymium iron boron.
Motor of the present invention, because stator core and rotor core are salient-pole structure, behind armature winding feeding symmetrical alternating current electricity, motor is when output permanent magnetism magnetic linkage and armature magnetic linkage interact the permanent-magnet torque that is produced, exported because the reluctance torque that saliency produced has improved torque density.Armature winding coil 2 is placed the stator side of motor, and permanent magnet 4 is placed the rotor-side of motor, effectively alleviated the contradiction of stator side space anxiety, increased the groove area of armature winding, improved space availability ratio.Because permanent magnet 4 adopts cutting orientation magnetizing, and magnetizing direction unanimity, make motor adopting centralized armature winding and rotor not under the condition of skewed slot, just can obtain the highly every phase armature permanent magnetism magnetic linkage and the unloaded induced potential of sine, guaranteed that simultaneously motor has higher permanent magnet utilance.Angle from magnetic circuit, because magnetic conduction bridge 5 is close to permanent magnet 4, for the leakage field magnetic flux of permanent magnet 4 provides magnetic circuit, the magnetic potential of permanent magnet 4 directly is carried in magnetic conduction bridge 5 two ends, and because the thickness of magnetic conduction bridge 5 is very little, so magnetic conductance is less, and bear the magnetic potential that a permanent magnet 4 provides, so magnetic conduction bridge 5 internal magnetic field height are saturated, magnetic permeability also can be reduced near air.Because magnetic conduction bridge 5 internal magnetic field height are saturated, magnetic resistance is bigger, and the magnetic permeability of magnetic conduction bridge 5 so magnetic conduction bridge 5 can significantly weaken the leakage field of permanent magnet 4, effectively prevents brow leakage near air.
Exemplify a specific embodiment below.
As shown in Figure 1, this motor adopts technical scheme of the present invention, and comprises 12 stator tooths in this motor, 12 armature coils, 8 U-shaped magnetic conduction unit and 8 permanent magnets 4.12 armature coils along stator circumferentially successively order be respectively first coil 201, second coil 202, tertiary coil 203, the 4th coil 204, the 5th coil 205, the 6th coil 206, the 7th coil 207, the 8th coil 208, the 9th coil 209, the tenth coil the 210, the 11 coil 211 and the tenth two coil 212 across on a stator tooth.With first coil 201, the 4th coil 204, the 7th coil 207 is connected successively with the tenth coil 210 becomes A armature winding mutually; With second coil 202, the 5th coil 205, the 8th coil 208 is connected successively with the 11 coil 211 becomes B armature winding mutually; With tertiary coil 203, the 6th coil 206, the 9th coil 209 is connected successively with the tenth two coil 212 becomes C armature winding mutually.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the operation principle of motor of the present invention is: along with the difference of rotor-position, and the magnetic linkage of meeting linkage alternation in the armature winding coil 2.Therefore, along with the rotor-position difference, will produce the induced electromotive force of alternation in the armature winding coil 2.Specifically, when rotor is positioned at as shown in Figure 2 position A (permanent magnet 4 is relative with the stator slot on a stator tooth left side), the permanent magnetism magnetic linkage is clockwise by the armature winding coil 2(permanent magnetism magnetic linkage arrow direction as shown in Figure 2 shown in the figure), the permanent magnetism magnetic linkage of definition armature winding coil 2 linkages at this moment is the forward maximum.And when rotor motion arrives position B shown in Figure 3 (this permanent magnet 4 is relative with the stator slot on this stator tooth the right), the permanent magnetism magnetic linkage is counterclockwise by armature winding coil 2, and this moment, the permanent magnetism magnetic linkage of armature winding coil 2 linkages was a maximum negative value.Therefore along with the rotor rotation, the magnetic linkage of armature winding coil 2 linkages will present the peaked cyclic variation of forward maximum-maximum negative value-forward.So will in armature winding coil 2, induce the electromotive force of alternation.
To the motor of the foregoing description, carry out the electromagnetic performance l-G simulation test of armature winding three-phase permanent magnetic linkage and unloaded induced potential waveform respectively, result of the test is respectively as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5.From Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 as seen, three-phase permanent magnetic linkage and induced potential waveform are all highly sinusoidal.This will help improving the power utilization rate, reduce torque pulsation, be fit to very much AC speed regulating and servo-drive occasion.In addition, when keeping motor volume identical with the permanent magnet consumption, the electromotive force coil single turn induced potential amplitude of motor of the present invention will be apparently higher than traditional stator permanent magnetic type double salient-pole electric machine.Owing in the motor of the present invention permanent magnet 4 is placed rotor-side, make stator side have bigger space and place the electromotive force winding, so motor of the present invention has higher torque density and power density simultaneously.
Simultaneously, because the armature reaction magnetic linkage need pass bigger air gap of magnetic resistance and permanent magnet 4 on magnetic circuit, and HI SA highly saturated magnetic conduction bridge 5 zones, magnetic field, institute is so that the alternate mutual inductance of armature is less, help realizing armature winding separately from operating with failure with the fault-tolerant of motor, simultaneously make that also alternate magnetic circuit magnetic resistance is bigger, the alternate mutual inductance of armature winding coil is less, the fault-tolerant operation that helps improving the power factor of motor and realize motor.
Need to prove, with respect to traditional stator permanent magnetic type double salient-pole electric machine, motor of the present invention has higher torque density and power density, promptly when motor volume is identical with the permanent magnet consumption, load identical armature supply density, motor of the present invention can be exported bigger electromagnetic torque, so have higher permanent magnet utilance.Because permanent magnet 4 utilances of motor of the present invention are higher, cause the amplitude of armature winding coil 2 unloaded induced potentials higher.Under the armature copper factor condition identical with current density in the armature conductor, the torque density of motor of the present invention will be far above existing stator permanent magnetic type doubly-salient brushless motor, simultaneously also be higher than general traditional permagnetic synchronous motor, volume is little, the big occasion of exerting oneself has significant advantage and wide application prospect needing to make motor of the present invention.Motor of the present invention can be used as generator or motor operation.
The above only is a better embodiment of the present invention; protection scope of the present invention is not exceeded with above-mentioned execution mode; as long as the equivalence that those of ordinary skills do according to disclosed content is modified or changed, all should include in the protection range of putting down in writing in claims.
Claims (7)
1. rotor permanent-magnet type double salient-pole electric machine, it is characterized in that: this motor comprises stator core (1), armature coil (2), rotor core (3) and permanent magnet (4); Stator core (1) and rotor core (3) are salient-pole structure, and stator core (1) is provided with stator tooth, and each coil in the armature coil (2) is across on a stator tooth; Rotor core (3) comprises U-shaped magnetic conduction unit and ringwise magnetic conduction bridge (5), U-shaped magnetic conduction unit is fixed on the magnetic conduction bridge (5), U-shaped magnetic conduction unit is relative with stator tooth, the quantity of the quantity of permanent magnet (4) and U-shaped magnetic conduction unit equates that permanent magnet (4) is embedded between two adjacent U type magnetic conduction unit; Permanent magnet (4) is cutting orientation magnetizing, and the magnetizing direction unanimity.
2. rotor permanent-magnet type double salient-pole electric machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described armature coil (2) adopts centralized armature coil, and each centralized armature coil connects into single-phase or the polyphase armature winding.
3. rotor permanent-magnet type double salient-pole electric machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described armature coil (2) adopts the form of distributed winding, and each armature coil connects into single-phase or the polyphase armature winding.
4. rotor permanent-magnet type double salient-pole electric machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described stator core (1), rotor core (3) and magnetic conduction bridge (5) are permeability magnetic material and make.
5. rotor permanent-magnet type double salient-pole electric machine according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described permeability magnetic material is a silicon steel sheet.
6. according to any one described rotor permanent-magnet type double salient-pole electric machine among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that described permanent magnet (4) is made for permanent magnetic material.
7. rotor permanent-magnet type double salient-pole electric machine according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described permanent magnetic material is a neodymium iron boron.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103872804A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-18 | 李兴鸿 | Efficient direct-current generator device |
| CN104052223A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-09-17 | 周凌燕 | Bipolar push-pull large-torque energy-saving motor |
| CN104638864A (en) * | 2015-02-16 | 2015-05-20 | 武汉华大新型电机科技股份有限公司 | Permanent magnet motor and method for accelerating rotating speed of permanent magnet motor |
| CN107769502A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-03-06 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of rotor permanent magnet type composite excitation axial magnetic flux switch permanent magnet motor |
| CN108494197A (en) * | 2018-02-24 | 2018-09-04 | 西安理工大学 | One kind determining/rotor permanent magnet type change magnetic flux axial magnetic flux switching permanent magnet generator |
| CN108880035A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2018-11-23 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Alternately pole rotor and alternately pole motor |
| CN113904472A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2022-01-07 | 华中科技大学 | Rotor permanent magnet double-salient-pole motor |
| CN114421656A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-29 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Rotating device, force feedback device and electronic equipment |
| CN114499001B (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-10-31 | 上海交通大学 | Ring winding reluctance motor, system and control method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113904472A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2022-01-07 | 华中科技大学 | Rotor permanent magnet double-salient-pole motor |
| CN114421656A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-29 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Rotating device, force feedback device and electronic equipment |
| CN114421656B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-09-29 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Rotating device, force feedback device and electronic equipment |
| CN114499001B (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-10-31 | 上海交通大学 | Ring winding reluctance motor, system and control method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20130724 |